introduction of block-printing into Europe and Polo, _138–141_;

dictates his narrative, i. 2; found at Venice, 18; his age, 19n, 22, 26; noticed and employed by Kúblái, 27; grows in favour, many missions, 30, 31; returns from one to India, 32; escapes from the Karaunas, 99, 106n; hears of breed of Bucephalus, 158; recovers from illness in hill climate, 159; hears from Zulficar about Salamander, 213; at Kan-chau, 220; brings home hair of yak, 274; and head and feet of musk deer, 275; witnesses events connected with Ahmad’s death, 420, 422n; noticed in Chinese annals, 422n; whether he had to do with Persian scheme of paper currency in 1294, 428n; sent by Khan into Western provinces, ii. 3; governor of Yang-chau, 154; probable extent of his authority, 157n; aids in constructing engines for siege of Siang-yang, 159 _seqq._; difficulties as to this statement, 167n _seqq._; on number of vessels on Great Kiang, 170; ignorant of Chinese, 183; on greatness of Kinsay, 185; his notes, 193n; sent to inspect amount of revenue from Kinsay, 216; his great experience, 236; never in islands of Sea of Chin, 265; in kingdom of Chamba, 268, 271n; historical anecdotes, 270n; detained five months in Sumatra, stockade party against wild people, 292; brings Brazil seed to Venice, 299; partakes of tree-flour (sago), 300; takes some to Venice, 305n; in six kingdoms of Sumatra, 300; witnesses arrest for debt in Maabar, 343; his erroneous view of Arabian coast, _110_, ii. 452n; Indian geography, 403n; his unequalled travels, 501; Venetian documents about him, 510n–521n —— Marco, called Marcolino, son of Nicolo the Younger, _65_, _77_, _78_, ii. 510n —— Marco, last male survivor, _8_, _78_, _79_, ii. 510n —— Marco, others of this name, _66_, _79_, _80_, ii. 508n, 509n —— Maroca, sister of Nicolo the Younger, _15_, _25_, i. 4n —— or Delfino, Moreta, youngest daughter, _69_, _71_, _76_, ii. 506n, 513n Polo, Nicolo and Maffeo, sons of Andrea, their first journey, _15_ _seqq._; cross Black Sea to Soldaia, i. 2; visit Volga country, etc., 4; go to Bokhara, 9; join envoys to Khan’s Court, 10; Kúblái’s reception of, 11; sent back as envoys to Pope, 13; receive a Golden Tablet, 15; reach Ayas, 16; Acre, 17; Venice, 18; find young Marco there, _ib._ —— Nicolo, Maffeo and Marco, proceed to Acre, i. 19; set out for East, recalled from Ayas, 20; set out again with Pope’s letters, etc., 22; reach Kúblái’s Court, 25; are welcomed, 26; _see_ on their journey outward, _19_; their alleged service in capture of Siang-yang, _22_, ii. 158, 159; Khan refuses them permission to return home, i. 32; allowed to go with ambassadors, 33; receive Golden Tablets, 34; on return _see_ also _23_, _24_; story of their arrival at Venice, _4_; scheme to assert their identity, _5_ —— Nicolo, his alleged second marriage and sons, _7_, _15_; probable truth as to time of, _17_; his illegitimate sons, _25_; approximate time of his death, _64_; his tomb, _7_, _74_ —— Nicolo the Younger, cousin of traveller, _15_, _25_, _65_, i. 4n —— Stefano and Giovannino, illegitimate brothers of Traveller, _25_, _30_, _65_ —— (?), or Trevisano(?), Fiordelisa, perhaps second wife of Nicolo Polo the Elder, and mother of Maffeo the Younger, _17_, _25_, _27_ —— or Trevisano, Maria, last survivor of the family, _8_, _78_, _79_; doubts as to her kindred, 79, ii. 510n —— Family, its duration and end, according to Ramusio, _7–8_; origin, _13_; last notices of, _76_ _seqq._ (For relationship of different Polos, _see_ table, ii. 506n.) —— Family, branch of S. Geremia, _14_, _66_, ii. 507n–509n _Po-lut_ (Pa-lut), _incense_, ii. 304n Polygamy, i. 220, 252, 276, ii. 371; supposed effect on population, i. 437n–438n, ii. 268, 339 _Pomilo_ (Pamir), i. 174n _Pompholyx_, i. 126n Ponent, or West, term applied by Polo to Kipchak, the Mongol Khanate of the Volga, _see_ Kipchak Pong (Mediæval Shan State), ii. 79n, 113n Poods, Russian, i. 162n Popinjays, i. 107 Population, vast, of Cathay, i. 437n–438n Porcelain manufacture, ii. 235, 242n; fragments found at Kayál, 373n; Chinese, 595n —— shells, _see_ Cowries Porcupines, i. 154, 156n Pork, mention of, omitted, ii. 210n _Postín_, sheep-skin coat, i. 153, 155n Posts, post-houses and runners, i. 433 _et seqq._, 438n; in Siberia, ii. 480 Po-sz’ (Persia), ii. 437n Potala at L’hasa, i. 319n Pottinger, i. 94n, 96n Poultry, kind of, in Coilum, ii. 376; in Abyssinia (guinea-fowl?), 431, 437n Pound, sterling, _71_, ii. 591n _Pourpre_, or _Purpura_, i. 66n, 389n P’o-yang Lake, ii. 243n Pozdneiev, Professor, i. 228n Precious stones or gems, _5_, i. 75, 76n, 107, 350, 390, 394, 424, ii. 202, 231, 235, 236, 254, 264, 313, 315n, 338, 361, 362n; how discovered by pirates, 392 Prester John (Unc Can, Aung or Ung Khan), i. 27n, 239; Tartar tribute to, 226; account of, 231n–237n; marriage relations with Chinghiz, 239; insults Chinghiz’ envoys, 239; “these be no soldiers,” 240; marches to meet Chinghiz, 241; real site of battle with Chinghiz, 242; his real fate, _ib._; slain in battle, 244; his lineage in Tenduc, 284, 288n; and the Golden King, ii. 17–22 Prices of horses, _see_ Horses Printing, imaginary connection of Polo’s name with introduction of _139_ _seqq._ Private names supposed, i. 361n Prjevalsky, Colonel N. M., i. 198n, 206n, 216n, 249n, 276n, 277n, ii. 23n, 29n, 61n Probation of Jogis, ii. 366; parallel, 370n Prophecy regarding Bayan, ii. 145, 149n _Proques_, the word, ii. 370n Prostitutes, at Cambaluc, i. 414; Kinsay, ii. 202–203 Provinces, thirty-four of Kúblái’s Empire, i. 430 Pseudo-Callisthenes, _113_, i. 56n, 57n Ptolemies’ trained African elephants, ii. 434n Ptolemy, _2_, _129_, _131_, i. 24n, 88n, 91n; Sarmatic Gates, i. 53n P’u-chau fu, ii. 25n, 26n Pu-ch’eng, ii. 224n Puer and Esmok, ii. 57n, 117n Pukan Mien-Wang, ii. 113n Pulad Chingsang, ii. 218n Pulisanghin, River and Bridge, _111_, _136_, ii. 3–4, 5n Pulo Bras, ii. 307n Pulo Condore (Sondur and Condur), ii. 276, 277n Pulo Gommes (Gauenispola), ii. 307n Pulo Nankai, or Nási, ii. 307n Pulo Wé, Wai, or Wey, ii. 307 Punnei-Káyal, ii. 372n Puránas, the, i. 58n _Purpura_, _see_ _Pourpre_ Putchok, ii. 397n Putu-ho, “Grape R.,” ii. 16n Pygmies, factitious(?), ii. 285 Qal’ah Asgher, hot springs at, i. 122n Qara Arslán Beg, king of Kermán, i. 92n Quails in India, ii. 345 Queen of Mutfili, ii. 360 Quicksilver and sulphur potion, ii. 365, 369n —— as regarded by alchemists, 369n Quills of the Ruc, _see_ Ruc Quilon, Kaulam, etc., _see_ Coilum Qumādin (Camadi), i. 113n Rabelais, i. 100n Rabbanta, a Nestorian monk, i. 243n Radloff, Dr. W., i. 28n; map, 229n, 230n Ráin, i. 113n Rainald, of Dassel, Archbishop, i. 82n Rain-makers, _see_ Conjurers Rainy season, ii. 343, 351n Rajkot leather-work, ii. 395 Rakka, Rákshasas, ii. 298n, 308n, 312n Rama Kamheng, king, ii. 278n Rameshwaram, ii. 335n Ramnad, ii. 335n Rampart of Gog and Magog, i. 57n, 292n Ramusio, Giov. Battista, _passim_; his biographical notices of Polo, _2_ _et seqq._, _52_; his edition of Polo, _96–101_, ii. 208n, 212n, 374n Ráná Paramitá’s Woman Country, ii. 405n Ranking, John, i. 339n Raonano-Rao, i. 173n, ii. 593n Rapson, E. J., ii. 595n Ras Haili, ii. 386n —— Kumhări, ii. 383n Rashíduddín, _alias_ Fazl-ulla Rashid, Persian statesman and historian of the Mongols, _121_; frequently quoted in the Notes. Ravenala tree (_Urania speciosa_), ii. 421n, 597n Raw meat eaten, ii. 66, 76n, 85 Rawlinson, Sir H., i. 58n, 82n, 85n, 87n, 114n, 115n, 152n, 166n, 192n, 195n Reclus, _Asie russe_, i. 54n; on Caspian Sea fisheries, 59n Red gold and red Tangas, ii. 349n _Re Dor_, ii. 19n Red Sea, trade from India to Egypt by, ii. 438; described in some texts as a river, 439n; possible origin of mistake _93_ Red sect of Lamas, i. 315n, 319n Refraction, abnormal, ii. 419n _Reg Ruwán_, of Kabul, i. 202n —— of Seistán, i. 202n Reindeer ridden, i. 269, 271n Religion, indifference of Chinghizide Princes to, i. 14n, 349n, ii. 477n; occasional power of among Chinese, i. 460n _seqq._ Remission of taxation by Kúblái, i. 439 Rennell, Major James, ii. 402n Reobarles (Rúdbár, etc.), i. 97, 109, 111n, 114n Revenue of Kinsay, ii. 189, 190, 215 _et seqq._ Rhinoceros (Unicorn), in Sumatra, ii. 285, 290n; habits, 290n; four Asiatic species, 289n —— _Tichorinus_, ii. 419n Rhins, Dutreuil de, i. 190n, 192n, 276n Rhubarb, _Rheum palmatum_, i. 217, 218n, 279n, ii. 181, 183n Riant, Comte, ii. 593n Ricci, Matteo, i. 347n, 451n, 454n Rice, ii. 33, 56, 85, 115, 117, 123, 174, 202, 292, 300, 313, 342, 354, 360, 401, 404, 423, 431 Rice-wine, i. 441n; at Yachi, ii. 66 —— trade on Grand Canal, ii. 174 Richard II., i. 42n Richthofen, Baron F. von, i. 106n, 198n, 218n, 295n, ii. 14n–16n, 19n, 23n, 26n, 27n, 29n, 32n, 34n, 35n, 38n, 40n, 42n, 45n, 48n, 57n, 60n, 67n, 80n; on Fungul, 129n; on Tanpiju, 220n Right and Left, ministers of the, i. 432n Rio Marabia, ii. 387n _Rishis_ (Eremites) of Kashmir, i. 166, 169n “River of China,” ii. 222n, 243n Roads radiating from Cambaluc, i. 433 Robbers in Persia, i. 84, 87n, 98, 99, 101n Robbers’ River, i. 114n Robes distributed by Kúblái, i. 387, 388n, 394 Roborovsky, Lieutenant, i. 188n Rochefort, “faire la couvade,” ii. 94n Rockets, i. 342n Rockhill (_Rubruck_ and _Diary of a Journey_), i. 5n, 8n, 9n, 277n, 279n, 282n, 283n, 294n, 295n, 306n, 308n–310n, 312n, 319n, 321n, 324n, 325n, 353n, 354n, 384n, 385n, 389n, 393n, 429n, 437n, ii. 491n; on the titles Khan, Khatun, etc., _10_; on horn horse-shoes, i. 177n; earliest mention of name Mongol in Oriental works, 294n; Mongol storm-dispellers, 310n; charge of cannibalism against Tibetans, 312n; on Bönbo Lamas, 325n; Tablets (_hu_), 354n; mechanical contrivances at E. Court, 385n; Mongol etiquette, 393n; Chinese leather-money, 429n; Mongol post-stations, 437n; pocket-spitoons, 462n; from Peking to Si-ngan fu, ii. 5n; descent of Yellow River, 23n; road between T’ung-kwan and Si-ngan fu, 27n; two famous Uigur Nestorians, 28n; on the word Salar, 29n; on the Hui-hui sects, 30n; on the Alans, 180n; on branch of Volga Bulgars, 489n Rofia palm _(sagus ruffia_), ii. 597n _Roiaus dereusse_(?), ii. 395n Rome, the Sudarium at, i. 213 _Rondes_, ingenious but futile explanation of, i. 410n _Rook_, in Chess, ii. 419n Rori-Bakkar, Sepoy name for Upper Sind, i. 86n Rosaries, Hindu, ii. 338, 347n Rostof and Susdal, Andrew, Grand Duke of, i. 7n Roth, H. Ling, on _couvade_, ii. 596n Rouble, ii. 488n Roxana, daughter of Darius, wife of Alexander, i. 151, 152n, 157 Roze de l’Açur, i. 370n Rubies, Balas, _5_, i. 157, 161n; of Ceylon, ii. 313, 315n; of Adam’s Peak, 316n Rubruquis, or Rubruc, Friar William de, _15_, _104_, _132_, i. 57n, 65n, 227n, 230n, 239n, 242n, 253n, 264n, 278n, 308n, 309n, 354n, 384n, 385n, 389n, 426n, 437n Ruby mines in Badakhshan, i. 161n Ruc (Rukh), or Gryphon, bird called, described, ii. 412–413; its feathers and quills, 413, 420n, 596n–598n; wide diffusion and various forms of fable, 415n; eggs of the Aepyornis, 416n; Fra Mauro’s story, 417n; genus of that bird, condor, 417n, 420n; discovery of bones of _Harpagornis_ in New Zealand, 418n; Sindbad, Rabbi Benjamin, romance of Duke Ernest, 418n; Ibn Batuta’s sight of Ruc, 419n; rook in chess, 419n; various notices of, 420n–421n Rúdbár-i-Laṣṣ, Robbers’ River, i. 114n —— (Reobarles), district and River, i. 97, 109, 111n, 114n Rudder, single, noted by Polo as peculiar, i. 108; double, used in Mediterranean, 117n Rúdkhánah-i-Duzdi (Robbers’ River), i. 114n Rúdkhánah-i-Shor (Salt River), i. 111n Rudra Deva, King of Telingana, ii. 362n Rudrama Devi, Queen of Telingana, ii. 362n Rukh, Shah, i. 86n, 191n, 211n, 218n, 392n, 396n Ruknuddin, Mahmud, Prince of Hormuz, i. 120n —— Masa’úd, i. 120n —— Khurshah, son of Alaodin, Prince of the Ismaelites, i. 146n Rúm, i. 44n Runiz, i. 86n Ruomedam-Ahomet, King of Hormuz, i. 110, 121n Rupen, Bagratid, founder of Armenian State in Cilicia, i. 42n Rupert, Prince, ii. 486n Rüppell’s Table of Abyssinian kings, ii. 435n Russia (Rosia), annexes Georgia, i. 53n, ii. 486; great cold, Arab accounts of, 487; silver mines, 488n; subject to Tartars, 489n; conquered by Batu, 489n —— leather, i. 6n, 394, 395n; clothes of, 295n Russians, trusty lieges of king, ii. 348n Rusták, i. 173n Rusticiano of Pisa, introduces himself in prologue, i. 1, 141n, 263n; writes down Polo’s book, _52_, _55_ _seqq._, _84_, _112_; extracts and character of his compilation, _61_ _seqq._, _143_; his real name, _61_; his other writings, _89_ Ruysch’s map, _135_ Saadi, i. 85n Saba (Sava, Savah), city of the Magi, i. 78, 80, 81n Sabaste, _see_ Sivas Sable, its costliness, i. 405, 409n–410n, ii. 479, 481, 484, 486n, 487 Sabreddin, ii. 437n Sabzawur, i. 150n Sachiu (Sha-chau), i. 203, 206n Sacrifices of people of Tangut, i. 204 —— human, i. 208n, ii. 303n _Sadd-i-Iskandar_, rampart of Alexander, i. 53n, 54n, 57n Saffron, fruit-serving purposes of, ii. 225, 226n Sagacity of sledge-dogs, ii. 483n Sagamon Borcan, _see_ Sakya Muni Buddha Sagatu, general of Kúblái’s, ii. 267, 270n Saggio (⅙ oz.), i. 350, 353n, ii. 54, 57n, 76, 215, 216, 217n, 339, 347n, 592n Sago, ii. 300, 304n, 305n Saianfu, _see_ Siang-yang-fu Saif Arad, king of Abyssinia, ii. 437n Saifuddin Nazrat, ruler of Hormuz, i. 120n Saimur (Chaul), ii. 367n Sain Khan (or Batu), ii. 490, 491 St. Anno of Cologne, i. 130n St. Barlaam and St. Josafat, story of a Buddhist christianised, ii. 323n _seqq._ St. Barsauma (Barsamo, Brassamus), and monastery of, i. 77 St. Blasius (Blaise), Church at Sivas, i. 43, 45n St. Brandon, ii. 312n St. Buddha! ii. 325n _seqq._ St. Epiphanius, ii. 362n St. George, Church of, in Sivas, i. 45n; at Quilon, ii. 377n St. Helena, i. 58n St. James’ Shrine, Gallicia, ii. 319 St. John the Baptist, Church of, in Samarkand, i. 185 —— Major Oliver, i. 57n, 92n, 96n, 105n, 112n, 114n, 120n St. Leonard’s Convent in Georgia, and the fish miracle, i. 52, 58n St. Lewis, i. 27n, 47n, 67n, 87n; his campaign on the Nile, ii. 165n, 593n St. Martin, Vivien de, Map, i. 164n, 192n St. Mary’s Island, Madagascar, ii. 414n St. Matthew, Monastery near Mosul, i. 61n St. Matthew’s Gospel, story of the Magi, i. 82n St. Nina, i. 58n St. Sabba’s at Acre, _42_ St. Thomas, the Apostle, ii. 321n, 323n, 325n; his shrine in India, 341, 353, 355n; his murderers, and their hereditary curse, 350n; reverenced by Saracens and heathen, 353; miracles in India, 354, 356n; story of his death, 355, 357n; tradition of his preaching in India, 356n; translation of remains to Edessa, 357n; King Gondopharus of legend a real king, 357n; Roman Martyrology, 357n; the localities, 358n; alleged discovery of reliques, 358n _seqq._; the Cross, 358n; church ascribed to, 378n; in Abyssinia, 427 St. Thomas’s Isle, ii. 403n —— Mounts, ii. 358n Saker falcons, i. 158, 162n, 223, ii. 50 Sakta doctrines, i. 323n Sakya Muni (Sagamon Borcan) Buddha, i. 164n, 324n, 348n, ii. 265n, 308n; death of, i. 170n; recumbent figures of, 219, 221n; story of, ii. 316 _seqq._; his footmark on Adam’s Peak, 321n; Alms dish, Holy Grail, 328n–330n; tooth relique, 319–320, 330n Salamander, the, i. 213, 216n Salar (Ho-chau), ii. 29n Salem, dragoman, explores Rampart of Gog, i. 57n Salghur, Atabegs of Fars, i. 85n, 121n Sálih, Malik, son of Badruddín Lúlú, i. 61n Salsette Island, ii. 325n, 396n Salt, H., his version of Abyssinian chronology, ii. 435n —— rock, in Badakhshan, i. 153, 154n; used for currency, ii. 45, 54, 57n; extracted from deep wells, 58n, 66, 76n; in Carajan province, 66, 76n; manufactured in Eastern China, 133; manufacture, revenue and traffic in, 152, 153, 155n, 215, 216, 217n; trade on the Kiang, 171; junks employed therein, 174n —— stream, i. 124n Salwen River, or Lu-Kiang, i. 323n Samagar, ii. 471, 474n Samána, ii. 427n Samara, kingdom of, _see_ Sumatra Samarkand (Samarcan), i. 57n, 62n, ii. 458, 462; story of a miracle at, i. 183, 186n; colony near Peking from, 291n Sampson, Theos., on grapes in China, ii. 16n _Sámsúnji Báshi_, i. 401n Samudra, _see_ Sumatra Samuel, his alleged tomb at Sávah, i. 81n San Giovanni Grisostomo, parish in Venice where the Ca’ Polo was, _4_, _26_, _53_, _70_, _71_, _76_; theatre, _28_ San Lorenzo, Venice, burial place of Marco and his father, _7_, _71_, _74_ Sandu, _see_ Chandu Sanf, _see_ Champa Sangín, Sangkan River, ii. 5n, 6n Sanglich, dialect of, i. 160n Sang-Miau, tribe of Kwei-chau, ii. 82n Sangon, the Title (Tsiang-kiun), ii. 136, 138n Sanitary effects of Mountain air, i. 158 Sanjar, sovereigns of Persia, i. 233n Sankin Hoto, Dalai, i. 215n Sanuto of Torcelli, Marino, _118_, i. 17n, 23n, 24n, 42n, 59n, 67n, 77n, 144n; his World Map, _133_; on long range, ii. 166n Sappan wood, _see_ Brazil Sapta-Shaila, ii. 386n Sapurgan (Sabúrḳán, Shabúrḳán, Shibrgán), i. 149, 150n _Saputa_, _Sçue_, peculiar use of, i. 437n Saracanco (Saraichik), on the Yaik, i. 6n Saracens, _see_ Mahomedans Sarai (Sara), capital of Kipchak, i. 4; city and its remains, 5n; perhaps occupied successive sites, 6n —— Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n, ii. 494 _Sáras_, crane (_grus Antigone_), i. 297n Saratov, i. 9n Sarbizan Pass, i. 113n Sardines, ii. 444n Sárdú Pass, i. 113n Sarghalan River, i. 156n Sărha, Port of Sumatra, ii. 294n Sarhadd River, i. 175n Sar-i-kol, Lakes, i. 163n, 172n Sarsati, ii. 427n Sartak, the Great Khan’s ambassador to Hulákú, i. 10n, 14n Sassanian dynasty, i. 61n Sati, _see_ Suttee Satin, probable origin of word, ii. 241n _Saum_, _Sommo_, silver ingots used in Kipchak, ii. 488n; apparently the original rouble, 488n _Sauromatae_, ii. 466n Sávah (Saba), i. 78, 80, 81n Savast (Siwas), i. 43, 44n Scanderoon, Gulf of, i. 16n Scasem, i. 156n Scherani, bandits, i. 101n Schiltberger, Hans, i. 131n Schindler, General Houtum-, i. 89n, 96n, 99n, 100n, 105n, 106n, 112n–115n, 122n, 126n, 308n, 310n, 314n Schlegel, Dr. G., i. 342n, 437n, 441n, ii. 281n, 596n Schmidt, Professor I. J., i. 201n, 294n Schönborn, Carl, ii. 601n Schuyler, Eugene, i. 54n Scidmore, Miss E., on the Tide, ii. 209n Scotra, _see_ Socotra Sea of Chin, ii. 264, 265, 266n, 270n —— England, ii. 265 —— Ghel, or Ghelan, i. 52 —— India, i. 35, 63, 108, 166, ii. 265, 424 —— Rochelle, ii. 265 —— Sarain, i. 59, ii. 494 Seal, Imperial, i. 366, 424 Sebaste, _see_ Sivas Sebourc, Bauduin de, _see_ _Bauduin de Sebourc_ Sees of Latin Church, i. 186n, ii. 237n, 377n —— Nestorian Church, i. 91n, 183n, 186n, 207n, 211n Sefavíehs, the, i. 90n Seilan, _see_ Ceylon Self-decapitation, ii. 349n Selitrennoyé Gorodok (Saltpetre Town), i. 5n, 6n Seljukian dynasty, i. 44n —— Turks, i. 91n _Selles, chevaux à deux_, the phrase, ii. 440n Semal tree, ii. 394n Semedo, ii. 211n Semenat, _see_ Somnath Sempad, Prince, High Constable of Armenia, i. 186n, 352n Sendal, a silk texture, ii. 10n, 37, 132, 182, 390, 464 _Sendaus_, generally Taffetas, ii. 10n Sendemain, king of Seilan, ii. 313 Seneca, _Epistles_, i. 14n Senecherim, king of Armenia, i. 45n Seni, Verzino, ii. 380n _Senshing_, i. 332n Sensin, ascetics, devotees living on bran, i. 303, 321n–327n Sentemur, ii. 98 Sepulchre of Adam, _see_ Adam’s Sepulchre —— of our Lord, i. 19; oil from, 14, 19, 26 Serano, Juan de, ii. 295n Serazi (Shíráz), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 85n Serendib, ii. 314n _Seres_, _Sinae_, _12_; their tree wool, ii. 137n; ancient character of the, 211n Serpents, great, _i.e._ alligators, ii. 76 _seqq._, 81n, 360 Sertorius, ii. 348n Sesamé, i. 158, 162n, ii. 431 _Sesnes_, mediæval form of _cygnes_, _cigni_, i. 297n _Seta Ghella_, _seta Leggi_ (Ghellé), silk, i. 59n Seth’s mission to Paradise, i. 136n Sevan Lake, i. 58n Seven Arts, the, i. 13, 14n Severtsof, shoots the _Ovis Poli_, i. 175n, 177n; on the name Bolor, 179n Seyyed Barghash, Sultan of Zanzibar, ii. 420n Shabánkára, or Shawánkára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n–86n Shabar, son of Kaidu, ii. 459n Sha-chau (Sachin), “Sand-district,” i. 203, 206n Shadow, augury from length of, ii. 364 Sháh Abbás, i. 310n; his Court, 385n —— Jahan, i. 168n Shahr-i-Babek, turquoise mine at, i. 92n Shahr-i-Nao (Siam), ii. 279n Shahr Mandi, or Pandi, ii. 333n Shah Werdy, last of the Kurshid dynasty, i. 85n Shaibani Khan, ii. 481n _Shaikh-ul-Jibal_, i. 142n, 144n, 145n Shaikhs (Esheks), in Madagascar, ii. 411, 413n Shakespeare, on relation of gold to silver, ii. 95n Sháliát, ii. 440n Shamanism, i. 257n, 315n, 324n, 325n, ii. 97n. (_See_ also Devil-Dancing.) Shampath, ancestor of Georgian kings, i. 52n Shamsuddin Shamatrani, ii. 303n Shamuthera, _see_ Sumatra Shan (Laotian, or _Thai_), ii. 74n, 90n, 96n, 113n, 278n —— race and country, ii. 117n, 128n —— dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. 73n, 79n —— ponies, ii. 82n —— state of Pong, _see_ Pong Shanars of Tinnevelly, ii. 97n; their devil-worship, 359n Shang-hai, ii. 238n Shangking-Fungking, i. 345n Shangtu, Shangdu (Chandu), i. 25n; Kúblái’s City and Summer Palace, 298, 304n; Dr. Bushell’s description of, 304n; Kúblái’s annual visit to, 308n, 410 Shangtu Keibung, i. 306n, 308n Shan-hai-kwan, i. 407n Shankárah, Shabankára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n, 86n Shan-si, ii. 12n, 14n, 15n, 23n, 25n, 32n, 135n, 143n, 167n Shan-tung, ii. 137n, 141n, 143n; silk in, 136, 137n; pears from, 210n Shao-hing-fu, ii. 220n–222n Shao-ling, pariah caste of, ii. 228n Sharakhs, i. 149n Shara-ul-buks (Forest of box on the Black Sea), i. 57n Sharks and shark charmers, ii. 332–337n Shauls, or Shúls, the, i. 85n, 87n Shawánkára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n, 86n Shaw, R. B., i. 169n, 178n, 195n, 276n, 315n, ii. 16n Shawls of Kerman, i. 96n Sheep, fat-tailed in Kerman, i. 97, 100n —— four-horned at Shehr, ii. 443, 494n —— large Indian, ii. 361 —— none in Manzi, ii. 219 —— of Pamir (_Ovis Poli_), i. 171, 176n —— wild, of Badakhshan (Kachkar, _Ovis Vignei_), i. 158, 162n —— with trucks behind, 100n —— Zanghibar, ii. 422, 424n Sheep’s head given to horses, ii. 351n Shehr, or Shihr, _see_ Esher Shehrizor (Kerkuk), i. 62n Shenrabs, i. 324n Shen-si, ii. 23n, 25n, 26n, 31n, 32n, 167n, 237n Shentseu tribe, ii. 120n Sheuping, ii. 120n Shewá, cool plateau of, i. 163n Shibrgán (Sapurgan), i. 149, 150n Shieng, Sheng, or Sing, the Supreme Board of Administration, i. 431, 432n, ii. 154, 157n _Shien-sien_, _Shin-sien_, i. 322n Shighnan (Syghinan), ruby mines, i. 157, 161n, 172n _Shijarat Malayu_, or Malay Chronicle, ii. 287n, 288n, 294n, 296n, 300n, 302n Shikárgáh, applied to animal pattern textures, Benares brocades, i. 66n Shing-king, or Mukden, i. 345n Ships, of the Great Khan, ii. 142; of India at Fuju, 231; of Manzi described, 249–251; mediæval, accounts of, 252n–253n; in Japan, 264; in Java Seas, 274n; at Eli, 386 Shíráz (Cerazi), i. 83, 85n Shireghi, ii. 462n Shirha, ii. 436n Shirwan, ii. 495n Shi-tsung, Emperor, i. 310n Shoa, ii. 434n, 436n Shob’aengs of Nicobar, ii. 308n Shodja ed-din Kurshid, Kurd, i. 85n Shor-Rud (Salt River), i. 124n Shot of Military Engines, ii. 159, 163n, 164n–168n Shpilevsky, i. 8n Shúlistán (Suolstan), i. 83, 85n Shúls or Shauls, people of Persia, i. 83n, 85n Shut up nations, legend of the, _114_, _136_, i. 57n Shwéli River, ii. 107n Siam, ii. 277n–280n; king of, 278n Siang-yang-fu (Saianfu), Kúblái’s siege of, Polo’s aid in taking, _22_, _112_, ii. 158, 159; difficulties in Polo’s account, 167n; not removed by Pauthier, notice by Wassáf, Chinese account, Rashiduddin’s, 168n; treasure buried, 169n Siberia, ii. 479–481n Sibree, on rofia palm, ii. 597n Sick men put to death and eaten by their friends, ii. 293, 298n _Siclatoun_, kind of texture, i. 283n Siddhárta, ii. 322n Sidi Ali, i. 152n, 165n, 277n, ii. 5n, 402n, 444n, 453n Sien, Sien-Lo, Sien-Lo-Kok (Siam, Lo-cac), ii. 277n–280n Sifan, ii. 60n, 61n, 70n Sigatay, _see_ Chagatai Sighelm, envoy from King Alfred to India, ii. 357n Si Hia, language of Tangut, i. 29n Si-hu, Lake of Kinsay or Hang-chau, ii. 186, 196n, 205n–207n, 211n, 214n Sijistán, i. 102n Siju (Suthsian), ii. 141 Sikintinju (Kien-chow), i. 343, 345n Silesia, Mongol invasion of, ii. 493n Silk, called Ghellé (of Gilan), i. 52; manufacture at Yezd, 88n; at Taianfu, ii. 13; in Shan-si and Shen-si, 22, 23n; in Kenjanfu, 24; Cuncun, 31; Sindafu, 42n; Kwei-chau, 126, 128n; Tasinfu, 136, 137n; Piju, 141; Pao-ying-Hien, 152; Nanghin, 157; Chinhiang-fu, 176; Chinginju, 178; Suju, 181n; Vughin, 182; Kinsay, 187, 198n, 216; Ghiuju, 219 —— cotton tree, ii. 394n —— duty on, ii. 216 —— and gold stuffs, i. 41, 60, 63, 75, 107, 257, 285, 383, 387, 415, ii. 10, 24, 132, 152, 157, 176, 181, 206, 238n, 390, 411 —— stuffs and goods, Turcomania, i. 43; Georgia, 50; Baghdad, 63; Yezd, 88; Kerman, 90; Tenduc province, 285; Cambaluc, 415; Juju, ii. 10; Sindafu, 37; Cacanfu, 132; Chinangli, 135; Suju, 181; Vughin, 182; Kinsay, 187; in animal patterns, 63, 90; with Cheetas, i. 398n; of Kelinfu, ii. 225; with giraffes, 424n Silk, tent ropes, i. 405; bed furniture, 434 —— trade at Cambaluc, i. 415; at Kinsay, ii. 187 —— worms, ii. 13, 24 Silver chairs, i. 351, 355n —— imported into Malabar, ii. 390; Cambay, 398 —— Island, ii. 174n —— mines at Baiburt, i. 46; Gumish-Khánah, 49n; in Badakhshan, 157; in N. Shansi, 285, 295n; Yun-nan, ii. 95n; Russian, 487, 488n —— plate in Chinese taverns, ii. 187, 196n Simon, Metropolitan of Fars, ii. 377n —— Magus, i. 314n Simúm, effects of, i. 109, 120n Simurgh, ii. 415n, 419n Sinbad, his story of the diamonds, ii. 362n; of the Rukh, 418n Sind (Sindhu-Sauvira), _12_, i. 104n, 105n Sindábúr (Goa), ii. 390n, 440n Sindachu (Siuen-hwa fu), i. 285, 295n Sindafu (Chengtu-fu), ii. 36, 38n, 127, 128n Sindhu-Sauvira (Sindh-Ságor), i. 104n Si-ngan fu (Kenjanfu), ii. 24n, 25n, 29n, 34n; Christian inscription at, 27n, 29n Singapore, Singhapura, i. 37n, ii. 279n, 281n, 305n Singkel, ii. 300n Singphos, ii. 82n, 90n Sings, ii. 238n Singtur, Mongol Prince, ii. 111n Singuyli (Cranganor), ii. 426n Sinhopala (Accambale), king of Chamba, ii. 267 Sinju (Si-ning fu), i. 274, 276n —— (Ichin-hien), ii. 170 Sinju-matu, ii. 137, 138 Sínkalán, Sín-ul-Sín, Mahá-chin, or Canton, i. 294n, ii. 175n, 243n, 252n Sinope, i. 45n Síráf (Kish, or Kais?), i. 65n Sir-i-Chashma, i. 58n Sirikol, Lake and River, i. 174n, 176n, 182n Sírján or Shirján, i. 92n, 122n Sis, i. 42n Sístán, i. 61n Sitting in air, i. 315n, 316n Siu-chau, ii. 129n–131n Siuen-hwa-fu, _see_ Sindachu Siva, ii. 321n, 334n Sivas, Siwas, Sebaste, Sevasd (Savast), i. 43, 44n, 45n Siwastán, ii. 427n Siwi, gigantic cotton in, ii. 394n Sixtus V., Pope, ii. 326n _Siya-gosh_, or lynx, i. 399n Siyurgutmish, i. 91n Sladen, Major, ii. 82n, 90n, 95n, 107n, 198n Slaves in Bengal, ii. 115 Sledges, dog-, ii. 480, 481n–483n Sleeping-mats, leather, ii. 394, 395n Sluices of Grand Canal, ii. 175n Smith, G., Bishop of Hongkong, i. 347n Smith (R.E.), Major R. M., i. 89n, 96n, 99n, 106n, 111n–114n Sneezing, omen from, ii. 364n Socotra (Scotra), island of, ii. 404, 406, 408n; history of, 408n–410n; Christian Archbishop, 406; aloes of, 409n Soer (Suhar), ii. 340, 348n Sofala, trade to China from, ii. 400n Sogoman Borcan, _see_ Sakya Muni Sol, Arbre, _see_ Arbre Soldaia, Soldachia, Sodaya (the Oriental Sudák), _15_, _26_, i. 2, 3n, 4 Soldan, a Melic, ii. 470, 472 Soldurii, trusty lieges of Celtic kings, ii. 348n Soli, Solli (_Chola_, or Tanjore), kingdom of, ii. 335n, 364, 368n, 403n Solomon, house of, in Abyssinia, ii. 434n Soltania, Archbishop of, ii. 213n. (_See_ Sultaniah.) Somnath (Semenat), ii. 398, 400n; gates of, 399, 400n–401n Sonagar-pattanam, ii. 372n Soncara (Shawankára), i. 83, 85n Sonder Bandi Davar, _see_ Sundara Pandi Sondur and Condur (Pulo Condore Group), ii. 276, 277n Sorcerers, sorceries of Pashai (Udyana), i, 164; Kashmir, 166, 168n, 301, ii. 593n; Lamas and Tibetans, _ib._, 314n–318n —— Dagroian, ii. 293, 298n; Socotra, 407, 410n. (_See_ also Conjurers.) Sornau (Shahr-i-Nau), Siam, ii. 279n Sotiates, tribe of Aquitania, ii. 348n Soucat, ii. 277 Southey, _St Romuald_, ii. 84n Spaan, Ispahan, i. 85n Sposk, district, i. 7n _Spezerie_, i. 43n Spice, Spicery, i. 41, 60, 107, 205, 302, 382, 441, ii. 49, 56, 66, 115, 116, 123, 202, 216, 234, 264, 272, 284, 389, 390n, 423, 438, 450 Spice wood, i. 405, 409n Spices in China, duty on, ii. 216 Spikenard, ii. 115, 272, 284, 287n, 390 Spinello Aretini, fresco by, i. 118n Spirit drawings and spiritual flowers, i. 460n Spirits haunting deserts, i. 197, 209n, 274 Spiritualism in China, i. 325n Spitoons, pocket, i. 458, 462n Spodium (Spodos), i. 125, 126n Sport and game, i. 41, 88, 91, 149, 151, 153, 158, 160, 171, 223, 252, 260, 275, 285, 296, 299, 397, 400–406, 411; in Shan-si, ii. 22; Cachanfu, 24; Cuncun, 31; Acbalec Manzi, 34; Tibet, 50; Caindu, 56; Zardandan, 85; Mien, 111; Linju, 140; Cagu, 153; Nanghin, 157; Saianfu, 158; Ching-hiang-fu, 176; Chinginju, 178; Changan, 182; Kinsay, 201, 207, 219; Fuju, 225, 226, 234; Lambri, 299; Maabar, 345; Comari, 382; Eli, 386 Springolds, ii. 161n Springs, hot, i. 110, 122n Sprinkling of drink, a Tartar rite, i. 300, 308n Squares at Kinsay, ii. 201, 209n Sri-Thammarat, ii. 278n Sri-Vaikuntham, ii. 374n Sse River, ii. 139n Stack, E., visits Kuh Banán, i. 126n Star Chart, ii. 314n Star of Bethlehem, traditions about, i. 82n Steamers on Yangtse-kiang, ii. 173n Steel mines at Kermán, i. 90, 92n; in Chingintalas, 212; Indian, 93n, 94n; Asiatic view of, 94n Stefani, Signor, i. 7, ii. 507n Stein, Dr. M. A., on Sorcery in Kashmir, ii. 593n; on Paonano Pao, 593n; on Pamirs, 593n–594n; on site of Pein, 595n Stiens of Cambodia, ii. 82n, 97n Stirrups, short and long, ii. 78, 82n Stitched vessels, i. 108, 117n Stockade erected by Polo’s party in Sumatra, ii. 292 Stone, miracle of the, at Samarkand, i. 185, 187n —— the green, i. 187n —— towers in Chinese cities, ii. 189 —— umbrella column, ii. 212n Stones giving invulnerability, ii. 259, 263n Suákin, ii. 439n Submersion of part of Ceylon, ii. 313, 314n Subterraneous irrigation, i. 89n, 123, 124n Suburbs of Cambaluc, i. 412 Subutai, Mongol general, i. 8n, ii. 168n Su-chau (Suju), ii. 179, 181, 199n; plan of, 183n, 184n Suchnan River, i. 172n Sudarium, the Holy, i. 213 Súddhodhana, ii. 322n Sugar, Bengal, ii. 115; manufactured, 215, 231; art of refining, 226, 230n; of Egypt and China, 231 Suh-chau (Sukchur), i. 217, 218n, 282n Suicides before an idol, ii. 340, 349n Sukchur, province Sukkothai, i. 217 Sukkothai, ii. 278n, 279n _Suḳlát_, broadcloth, i. 283n Sukum Kala’, i. 57n Suleiman, Sultan, i. 17n, 44n, ii. 74n, 80n Sulphur and quicksilver, potion of longevity, ii. 365, 369n Sultaniah, Monument at, ii. 478n. (See Soltania.) Sultan Shah, of Badakhshan, i. 163n Sumatra (Java the Less), _23_, _120_, i. 34, ii. 288n, 300n–301n; described, its kingdoms, 284, 286n, 287n; circuit, 284, 286n Sumatra, Samudra, city and kingdom of (Samara for Samatra), ii. 292, 306n; legend of origin, 294n; Ibn Batuta there, 294n; its position, 295n; latest mention of, 296n; wine-pots, 297n Sumbawa, ii. 287n Summers, Professor, ii. 277n Sumutala, Sumuntala, _see_ Sumatra Sun and moon, trees of the, i. 130n Sundara Pandi Devar (Sondar Bandi Davar), king in Ma’bar, ii. 331; his death, 333n; Dr. Caldwell’s views about, 333n, 334n Sundar Fúlát (Pulo Condore Group), ii. 277n Sung, a native dynasty reigning in S. China till Kúblái’s conquest, _12_, i. 38n, ii. 135, 151n, 194n; their paper-money, effeminacy, 20n, 150n, 207, 208, 211n; cremation, 135n; Kúblái’s war against, 148n, 149n; end of them, 167n, 168n Sunnis and Shias, i. 160n Suolstan (Shulistan), a kingdom in Persia, i. 83, 85n Superstitions in Tangut, the devoted sheep or ram (_Tengri Tockho_), i. 204, 207n; the dead man’s door, 205, 209n; as to chance shots, 439; in Carajan, ii. 79, 82n, 84n; devil-dancing, 86; property of the dead, 111; Sumatran, 293, 298n; Malabar, 339 _seqq._; as to omens, 343–344, 364–365 Sur-Raja, ii. 374n Survival, instances of, ii. 93n Sushun, Regent of China, execution of (1861), i. 428n Su-tásh, the Jadek, i. 193n Suttees in S. India, ii. 341, 349n; of men, 340 _Svastika_, sacred symbol of the Bonpos, i. 324n Swans, wild, at Chagan-Nor, i. 296 Swat, i. 178n —— River, i. 164n Swi-fu, ii. 131n Sword blades of India, i. 93n, 96n Syghinan, _see_ Shighnan Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, i. 102n, 106n, 113n, 114n, 119n, 124n, 126n, 127n, 128n Sylen (Ceylon), ii. 426n Symbolical messages, Scythian and Tartar, ii. 497n–498n Syrian Christians, ii. 377n _seqq._, 433n _Syrrhaptes Pallasii_, _see_ Barguerlac Szechényi, Count, i. 207n Sze-ch’wan (Ch’eng-tu), ii. 32n, 34n, 35n, 37n, 40n, 42n, 45n, 46n, 48n, 58n, 60n, 69n, 128n, 131n, 134n; aborigines, 60n Tabashir, ii. 263n, 396n Tabbas, i. 124n Table of the Great Khan, i. 381 Tables, how disposed at Mongol feasts, i. 384n Tablet, Emperor’s, adored with incense, i. 391, 393n Tablets of Authority, Golden (_Páizah_), presented by Khan to Polos, i. 15, 16, 34, 35; lion’s head and gerfalcon, 35, 351; bestowed on distinguished captains, inscription, 350, 351n–354n; cat’s head, 356n; granted to governors of different rank, 431 —— worshipped by Cathayans, i. 456, 458n Tabriz (Tauris), i. 17n, 74, 76n Tachindo, _see_ Ta-t’sien-lu Tacitus, _Claustra Caspiorum_, Pass of Derbend, i. 53n Tactics, Tartar, i. 262, 265n, ii. 460 Tacuin, i. 447, 448n Tadinfu, ii. 136 Taeping Insurrection and Devastations, ii. 154n, 158n, 173n, 176n, 177n, 179n, 184n, 196n, 222n Taeping, or Taiping, Sovereigns’ effeminate customs, ii. 20n Taffetas, ii. 10n Taft, near Yezd, turquoise at, i. 92n Tafurs, i. 313n Tagachar, ii. 471, 474n Tagaung, ii. 107n, 111n, 113n Tagharma Pass, i. 172n, ii. 594n Tághdúngbásh River, i. 175n Taianfu (T’ai-yuan-fu), king of N. China, ii. 12, 14n, 15n Taiani, ii. 432n Taican, _see_ Talikan Taichau (Tigu), ii. 154n T’aiching-Kwan, ii. 26n Taidu, Daitu, Tatu, Kúblái’s new city of Cambaluc, i. 305n, 306n, 374, 375n Taikung, _see_ Tagaung Tailed men, in Sumatra, ii. 299, 301n; elsewhere, 301n–302n; English, 302n Tailors, none in Maabar, ii. 338 Taimúni tribe, i. 100n Taiting-fu (Tadinfu), or Yenchau, ii. 137n Taitong-fu, _see_ Tathung Tai-tsu, Emperor, i. 428n T’ai Tsung, Emperor, ii. 15n, 28n Taiyang Khan (Great King), king of the Naimans, ii. 20n Tajiks of Badakhshan, great topers, i. 153, 155n Takfúr, ii. 148n Takhtapul, i. 152n Táki-uddin, Abdu-r Rahmán, ii. 333n Takla-Makan, i. 190n Talains, ii. 74n Talas River, ii. 459n Tali, gold mines, ii. 81n Talifu (Carajan), ii. 67n, 76n, 79n, 80n, 105n, 107n, 111n Talikan, Thaikan (Taican), i. 153, 154n, 163n Tallies, record by, ii. 86, 96n Tamarind, pirates’ use of, ii. 392, 394n Tamerlan, i. 8n Tana (Azov), _9_, _43_, _72_, i. 4n, 6n, 19n —— near Bombay, kingdom of, ii. 395, 396n, 403n, 426n, 440n Tana-Maiambu, ii. 396n Tana-Malayu, ii. 281n, 283n Tánasi cloth, ii. 396n Tanduc, _see_ Tenduc T’ang dynasty, ii. 28n, 194n, 278n Tangnu Oola, branch of Altai, i. 215n Tangut province, Chinese Si Hia, or Ho Si, i. 29n, 203, 214n, 217, 219, 220n, 223, 224n, 245n, 274, 276n, 281; five invasions of, 281n Tangutan, term applied to Tibetan speaking people round the Koko-nor, i. 206n Tanjore, ii. 334n, 335n; Suttee at, 349n; Pagoda at, 352n; fertility of, 368n Tánkíz Khan, applied to Chinghiz, i. 247n Tanpiju (Shaohing?), ii. 218 Tantras, Tantrika, Tantrists, i. 315n, 323n, 326n Tao-lin, a Buddhist monk, i. 165n Tao-sze (Taossé), sect, i. 321n–325n; female idols of the, 303, 327n Ta-pa-Shan range, ii. 34n, 35n Taprobana, mistakes about, ii. 295n Tarakai, ii. 475n Tarantula, ii. 346, 364 _Tarcasci_, i. 366n Tarem, or Tárum, i. 86n, 122n Tares of the parable, i. 122n Taríkh-i-Rashídí, i. 194n Tarmabala, Kúblái’s grandson, i. 361n _Tarok_, Burmese name for Chinese, ii. 113n Tarok Man and Tarok Myo, ii. 113n Tartar language, i. 12; on Tartar, its correct form, 12n; misuse by Ramusio, 458n Tartars, i. 1, 4, 5, 10, 13, 50, 90, 97, 99, 110n, 121n, 151; different characters used by, 28n; identified with Gog and Magog, 57n; ladies, 76n; their first city, 226; original country, tributary to Prester John, _ib._; revolt and migration, 227; earliest mention of the word, 230n; make Chinghiz their king, 238; his successors, 245; their customs and religion, 249n, 251, 256; houses, 252, 253n; waggons, 252, 254n; chastity of their women, 252, 256n; polygamy, etc., 252, 256n; their gods and idols, 256; their drink (Kumiz), 257, 259n; cloths, 257, 295n; arms, horses, and war customs, 260–263; military organization, 261, 263n; sustenance on rapid marches, 261; blood-sucking, 261, 264n; portable curd, 262, 265n; tactics in war, 262, 265n; degeneracy, 263, 266n; administration of justice, 266; laws against theft, 266, 268n; posthumous marriage, 267, 268n; the cudgel, 266, 267n; Rubruquis’ account of, 236n; Joinville’s, 237n; custom before a fight, 337; want of charity to the poor, 445; conquerors of China, history of, ii. 20; excellence in archery, 102; objection to meddling with things pertaining to the dead, 111; admiration of the Polo mangonels, 160; employment of military engines, 168n; their cruelties, 180n; arrows, 460; marriage customs, i. 33n, 252–253, ii. 467 —— in the Far North, ii. 479 —— of the Levant, _see_ Levant —— of the Ponent, _see_ Ponent Tartary cloths, i. 257, 295n Tarungares, tribe, ii. 298n Tásh Kurgán, i. 172n, ii. 594n Tataríya coins, i. 12n Tathung, or Taitongfu, i. 245n, 286n, 289n Ta-t’sien-lu, or Tachindo, Tartsédo, ii. 45n, 48n, 49n, 52n, 60n, 67n, 70n Ta Tsing River, ii. 137n, 143n Tattooing, ii. 84, 90n, 117, 119n, 131n, 235, 242n, 297n; artists in, 235, 242n Tatu (Taichu), i. 374 —— River, ii. 61n Tauris, _see_ Tabriz Taurizi, Torissi, i. 74, 75n Tawálisi, ii. 465n Taxes, _see_ Customs, Duties Tchakiri Mondou (Modun), i. 404, 408n _Tchekmen_, thick coarse cotton stuff, i. 190n Tea-houses at Kingszé, ii. 196n Tea trees in E. Tibet, ii. 59n Tebet, _see_ Tibet Tedaldo, _see_ Theobald Teeth, custom of casing in gold, ii. 84, 88n–91n —— of Adam or of Buddha, ii. 319, 329n–330n —— conservation of, by Brahmans, ii. 365 Tegana, ii. 471 Teghele, Atabeg of Lúr, i. 85n Teimur (Temur), Kúblái’s grandson and successor, i. 360, ii. 149, 459n Tekla, Hamainot, ii. 356 Tekrit, i. 61n Telingana, _see_ Tilinga Telo Samawe, ii. 295n Tembul (Betel), chewing, ii. 371, 374n Temkan, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n Temple, connection of Cilician Armenia with Order of, i. 24n —— Master of the, i. 23, 24n Temple’s account of the Condor, ii. 417n Temujin, _see_ Chinghiz Tenduc, or Tanduc, plain of, i. 240, 241; province of, 284, 286n Tengri, Supreme deity of Tartars, i. 257n–258n Tennasserim, ii. 279n; (Tanasari), 314n Tents, the Khan’s, i. 404, 409n Terebinth, i. 125n; of Mamre, 132n, 135n _Terlán_, goshawk, i. 57n Teroa Mountains, ii. 420n Terra Australis, ii. 274n Te-Tsung, Emperor, ii. 28n Thai, Great and Little, ii. 287n; race, 278n Thaigin, ii. 25n, 26n Thai-yuanfu (Taianfu), ii. 12, 14n–17n _Thard-wahsh_, _see_ Patterns, Beast and Bird Theft, Tartar punishment of, i. 266, 268n Theistic worship, i. 456, 458n Thelasar, ii. 431n Theobald, or Tedaldo of Piacenza, i. 17, 20, 21n, ii. 593n; chosen Pope as Gregory X., i. 20; sends friars with the Polos and presents, 22, 23n Theodorus, king of Abyssinia, ii. 436n Theodosius the Great, i. 49n Theophilus, Emperor of Constantinople, i. 385n —— missionary, ii. 409n Thévenot, _Travels_, i. 81n Thian Shan, i. 175n, 177n, 191n Thianté-Kiun, i. 286n Thin l’Evêque, siege of, ii. 163n, 165n _Thinae_ of Ptolemy, ii. 27n Tholoman, _see_ Coloman Thomas, Edward, i. 87n, ii. 115n, 164n —— of Mancasola, Bishop of Samarcand, i. 186n Thread, Brahmanical, ii. 363 Three kingdoms (San-Kwé), ii. 38n Threshold, a great offence to step on the, i. 383, 385n Thurán Shah’s History of Hormuz, i. 120n Tibet (Tebet) province, ii. 42, 49; boundary of, 49, 52n; its acquisition by Mongols, 46n; organisation under Kúblái, 46n; dogs of, 45, 49, 52n Tibetan language and character, i. 29n; origin of the Yue-chi, 174n Tibetans, i. 165n; superstitions of, 208n, 209n; and Kashmiris (Tebet and Keshimur), sorceries of, 301, 315n; accused of cannibalism, 301, 312n Tides in Hang-chau estuary, ii. 150n, 208n Tierce, half tierce, etc., hours of, ii. 364, 368n Tiflis, i. 49n, 57n, 58n Tigado, Castle of, i. 148n Tigers (called lions by Polo), ii. 225, 231n, 411; trained to the chase, i. 397, 399n; in Cuncun, ii. 31; in Caindu, 56; Kwei-chau, 127n. (_See_ also Lions.) Tigris River (Volga), i. 5, 9n; at Baghdad, 63, 64n Tigúdar (Acomat Soldan), ii. 468n Tiju, ii. 153, 154n Tiles, enamelled, i. 364, 370n Tilinga, Telingana, Tiling, Telenc, ii. 362n, 427n Tiling, ii. 427n Timur of Toumen, chief of the Nikoudrians, i. 102n Timur the Great, i. 5n, 9n, 45n, 49n, 52n, 61n, 86n, 152n, 155n, 187n, ii. 166n Timurids, the, i. 85n Ting, 10 taels of silver = tael of gold, i. 427n, ii. 217n, 218n Tinju, ii. 153, 154n Tinnevelly, ii. 359n, 373n, 403n Tithe on clothing material, i. 445 Tithing men, Chinese (_Pao-kia_), ii. 200n Titus, Emperor, i. 66n Tjajya, _see_ Choiach Toba race, i. 205n Toctai, king, _see_ Toktai Tod, Colonel James, i. 104n, 114n, 169n, 183n Toddy, _see_ Wine of Palm Togan, ii. 471, 474n Toghrul I., i. 49n —— Shah of Kermán, i. 113n Toghon Temur, last Mongol Emperor, i. 228n; his wail, 305n Togrul Wang Khan, _see_ Prester John Toka Tumir, i. 8n Tokat, i. 45n Toktai Khan (Toctai, Lord of the Ponent), _72_, ii. 487, 491, 496; wars with Noghai, 499; his symbolic message, 497n, 498n Tolan-nur (Dolonnúr), i. 26n Toleto, John de, Cardinal Bishop of Portus, i. 21n Tolobuga, ii. 496, 497n Toman (Tuman, etc.), Mongol word for 10,000, i. 261, 263n, ii. 192, 200n, 217n, 218n, 462n Tongking, Tungking, ii. 119n, 120n, 128n, 131n Tooth-relique of Buddha, ii. 319–320; history of, 329n–330n Torchi, Dorjé, Kúblái’s first-born, i. 361n Tornesel, i. 423, 426n Torro River, i. 345n Torshok, ii. 489n Torture by constriction in raw hide, i. 262n _Toscaul_, _tosḳáúl_ (_toscaol_), watchman, i. 403, 407n Tournefort, on cold at Erzrum, i. 49n Tower and Bell Alarm at Peking, i. 375, 378n; at Kinsay, ii. 189 Toyan (Tathung?), i. 286n Trade at Layas, i. 41; by Baghdad, 63; at Tauris, 75; at Cambaluc, 415; in Shan-si, ii. 22; on the Great Kiang, 36, 170; at Chinangli, 135; at Sinju Matu, 138; Kinsay, 187, 190, 202, 216; Fu-chau 231; Zayton 234; Java, 272; Malaiur, 280; Cail, 370; Coilum, 375; Melibar, 389; Tana, 395; Cambaet, 398; Kesmacoran, 401; Socotra, 407 —— of India with Hormuz, i. 107; with Egypt by Aden, ii. 438, 439n; with Esher, 442; with Dofar, 444; with Calatu, 450 Trades in Manzi, alleged to be hereditary, ii. 186, 196n _Tramontaine_, ii. 296n Transmigration, i. 456, ii. 213n, 318–319 Traps for fur animals, ii. 481, 483n Travancore, ii. 383n, 403n; Rajas of, 380n Treasure of Maabar kings, ii. 340, 348n–349n Trebizond, _43_, i. 19n, 36, 46; Emperors of, and their tails, ii. 302n Trebuchets, ii. 159, 160n, 161n Trees, of the Sun and Moon, i. 129n, 130n; superstitions about, 131n–135n; by the highways, 440; camphor, ii. 234, 237n; producing wine, 292, 297n, 300, 313; producing flour (sago), 300, 304n–305n _Tregetoures_, i. 386n Trench, Archbishop, i. 201n, ii. 82n Trevisano, Azzo, _8_, _17_, _25_, _65_ —— Marc’Antonio, Doge, _8_, _78_ Trincomalee, ii. 337n Tringano, ii. 279n Trinkat, ii. 308n ‘Trusty lieges,’ devoted comrades of king of Maabar, ii. 339, 347n T’sang-chau, ii. 133n, 137n _T’siang-kiun_ (‘General’), ii. 138n, 261n Ts’ien-T’ang River, ii. 194n, 198n, 208n, 214n, 220n–222n; bore in, 150n, 208n T’si-nan-fu (Chinangli), ii. 137n, 138n T’sing-chau, ii. 138n T’sing-ling range, ii. 35n T’si-ning-chau, ii. 137n, 139n Tsin-tsun, ii. 229n Tsiuan-chau, T’swanchau, _see_ Zayton Tsongkhapa, Tibetan Reformer, i. 315n Ts’uan-chou, _see_ Zayton Tsukuzi in Japan, ii. 260n Tsung-ngan-hien, ii. 224n Tsushima, Island, ii. 260n Tuan, Prince, chief of the Boxers, i. 282n _Tuc_, _tuk_, _tugh_, commanders of 100,000, horse-tail or yak-tail standard, i. 261, 263n Tudai, Ahmad Khan’s wife, ii. 471n Tudai-Mangku (Totamangu or Totamangul), ii. 491, 492n, 496, 497n, 499 Tu-fan, ancient name of Tibet, ii. 46n Tughan, Tukan, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n, ii. 270n Tughlak Shah, of Delhi (a Karaunah), i. 101n Tuktugai Khan, i. 9n Tu-ku-hun, i. 193n Tuli, or Tulin, fourth son of Chinghiz, ii. 32n Tuman, _see_ Toman Tumba, Angelo di, _25_; Marco di, _65_ Tún, city of E. Persia, i. 86n, 124n Tung-’an in Fokien, ii. 243n _Tungani_, or Converts, Mahomedans in N. China and Chinese Turkestan, i. 291n Tung-chau (Tinju), ii. 154n Tung-hwang-hien, ancient Shachau, i. 206n Tung-kwan, fortress of the Kin sovereigns, ii. 14n, 25n, 27n _Tung-lo_ (Kumiz), i. 259n Tunguses, i. 271n Tunny fish, i. 108, 416n, ii. 442 Tun-o-kain (Tunocain), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 86n, 127, 128n, 138n, 145n Turbit (radex Turpethi), ii. 389, 391n Turcomania (Anatolian Turkey), i. 43 Turgaut, day-watch, i. 381n Turkey, Great (Turkestan), i. 191, ii. 286n, 452, 457, 458, 462, 477 Turkistan chiefs send mission to kings of India, ii. 370n Turkmans and Turks, distinction between, i. 44n, 101n; horses, 43, 44n Turks, ancient mention of, i. 56; friend of Polo’s, 213; and Mongols, 294n Turmeric, ii. 226n Turner, Lieutenant Samuel, describes Yak of Tartary, i. 277n Turquans, Turkish horses, i. 43 Turquoises in Kermán, i. 90, 92n; in Caindu, ii. 53 Turtle doves, i. 97, 99n Turumpak, Hormuz, i. 111n Tutia (Tutty), preparation of, i. 125, 126n, ii. 398 Tuticorin, ii. 372n Tu T’song, Sung Emperor of China, ii. 150n, 211n Tver, ii. 489n Twelve, a favourite round number, ii. 426n —— Barons over Khan’s Administration, i. 430, ii. 154 Twigs or arrows, divination by, i. 241, 242n Tyuman, ii. 481n Tyunju, porcelain manufacture, ii. 235, 242n Tylor, Dr. E. B., on _Couvade_, ii. 93n, 94n Tzarev, i. 6n Tzaritzyn, i. 6n, 57n Ucaca (Ukak, Ukek, Uwek), i. 5, 8n, 9n; Ukák of Ibn Batuta, a different place, ii. 488n Uch-baligh, _134_ Uch-Multán, i. 86n Udoe country, ii. 42, 598n Udong, ii. 279n Udyána, i. 164n Ughuz, legend of, ii. 485n Uighúr character, parent of present Mongol writing, i. 14n, 28n, 160n, 353n Uighúrs, the, i. 76n, 214n, 227n, ii. 179n, 462n Uiraca, i. 282n Uirad, _see_ Oirad Ujjain, legend of, ii. 349n; (_Ozene_), 397n, 426n Ukak, ii. 488n. (_See_ Ucaca.) Ulatai (Oulatay), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n, ii. 471, 474n Ulakhai, i. 282n Ulan Muren (Red River), i. 250n Ulugh Bagh, on Badakhshan border, i. 154n —— Mohammed, i. 8n Ulús, the, i. 10n U-man and Pe-man (Black and White Barbarians), ii. 73n Umbrellas, i. 351, 354n, 355n Unc Can (Aung Khan), _see_ Prester John Ung (Ungkút), Tartar tribe, i. 285, 294n Ungrat (Kungurat), Tartar tribe, i. 357, 358n Unicorn (Rhinoceros), in Burma, ii. 107; Sumatra, 285, 289, 299; legend of Virgin and, 285, 290n; horns of, 291n Unken, City, ii. 226, 229n, 230n, 233n Unlucky hours, ii. 364 U-nya-Mwezi superstition, i. 130n Urduja, Princess, ii. 465n Uriangkadai, ii. 46n Uriangkut (Tunguses), i. 271n Urianhai, the, i. 271n Urumtsi, i. 201n, 214n Urzú, i. 122n Uspenskoye (called also Bolgarskoye), i. 7n Uttungadeva, king of Java, ii. 275n Uwek, _see_ Ucaca Uzbeg Khan of Sarai, i. 4n, 6n, 352n Uzbegs of Kunduz, i. 156n, 163n Uzun Tati, coins, Chinese porcelain from, ii. 595n Vair, the fur and animal, i. 257, ii. 479, 483n, 484n, 486n, 487 —— as an epithet of eyes, _124_ Valaghir district, i. 54n Vámbéry, Prof. Hermann, i. 10n, 28n, 54n, 57n, 170n, 214n, 237n, 401n, ii. 465 Vanchu (Wangchu), conspires with Chenchu against Ahmad, i. 417–419, 422n Van Lake, i. 57n Varaegian, Varangian, ii. 490n Varaha Mihira, astronomer, i. 104n Vardoj River, i. 156n, 172n _Varini_, ii. 490n Varsach, or Mashhad River, i. 155n, 156n _Vasmulo_, i. 292n _Vateria Indica_, ii. 396n Veil of the Temple, πέπλος βαβυλώνιος, i. 66 Vellalars, ii. 372n Venádan, title of king of Kaulam, ii. 380n Venetians, factory at Soldaia, i. 4n; expelled from Constantinople, 19n Venice, _2_, _15_, _16_, i. 2, 18, 19, 36, 41; return of Polos to, _4_, _24_, _54_, i. 36; its exaltation after Latin conquest of Constantinople, _9_; its nobles, _14_; Polo’s mansion at, _23_ _seqq._; galleys, _32_ _seqq._; archives at, _70_ _seqq._; articles brought from East by Marco to, i. 274, ii. 299, 305n Ventilators at Hormuz, ii. 452, 453n Verlinden, Belgian missionary, i. 249n _Verniques_, i. 382, 384n _Verzino Colombino_, ii. 380n. (_See_ also Brazil.) Vessels, war, i. 34, 37n; stitched of Kermán (πλοιάρια ῥαπτά), i. 108, 117n, ii. 415n; on the Kiang, 170, 171, 173n. (_See_ also Ships.) Vial, Paul, French missionary, ii. 63n Vijayanagar, 362n Vikramajit, legend of, ii. 349n Vikrampúr, ii. 99n Villard de Honnecourt, Album of, ii. 164n Vincent of Beauvais, ii. 325n Vincenzo, P., ii. 410n Vineyards, in Taican, i. 153; Kashgar, 181; Khotan, 188; in N. China, ii. 10, 11n, 13, 15n Vinson, Prof., on _Couvade_, ii. 91n Virgin of Cape Comorin, ii. 382n Visconti, Tedaldo, or Tebaldo, _see_ Theobald of Piacenza Vissering, on _Chinese Currency_, i. 428n, 429n Vochan (Unchan, Yungchan), ii. 84, 86, 89n; battle there, 98, 101, 104n–106n Vogels, J., ii. 601n, 602n Vokhan, _see_ Wakhán Volga, called Tigris, i. 5, 7n, 9n, ii. 485n, 488n Vos, Belgian Missionary, i. 249n Vughin, ii. 182 Vuju in Kiangnan, ii. 182 —— in Che-kiang, ii. 219 Wadoe tribe, ii. 420n Wakf, i. 67n Wakhán (Vokhan), dialect, i. 162n, 171, 173n —— Mountains, i. 162n, 175n Wakhjīr Pass, i. 175n, ii. 594n Wakhijrui Pass, _see_ Wakhjīr Pass Wakhsh, branch of the Oxus, ii. 5n Wakhtang II. king of Georgia, i. 53n Walashjird, i. 106n Wallachs, ii. 489n, 491n Wall of Alexander (or Caucasian), i. 50, 53n —— of Gog and Magog (_i.e._ China), _111_, i. 285, 292n Walnut-oil, i. 158, 162n Wami River, ii. 420n _Wang_, Chinese silk, i. 237n, 361n, ii. 113n Wang, king of Djungar, i. 250n Wangchu, _see_ Vanchu Wapila, i. 54n Warangol Ku, ii. 362n Warangs, ii. 490n Warner, Dr., ii. 604n War vessels, Chinese, i. 34, 37n Wassáf, the historian, i. 68n; his character of the Karaunahs, 101n; notices of Hormuz, 120n, 121n; eulogy of Kúblái, 332n; story of Kúblái, 440n; his style, ii. 150n; account of taking of Siang-yang, 150n, 167n; of Kinsay, 213n; Maabar, 333n; horse trade to India, 348n; treatment of them there, 351n; extract from his history, 495n Water, bitter, i. 110, 122n, 194 —— custom of lying in, i. 108, 119n; consecration by Lamas, 309n —— Clock, i. 378n Wathek, Khalif, i. 57n Wa-tzŭ, Lolo slaves, ii. 63n Weather-conjuring, i. 301, 309n–311n Wei dynasty, i. 205n, ii. 437n Weights and measures, ii. 590n–592n Wei-ning, ii. 130n Wei River in Shen-si, ii. 27n, 29n, 35n —— in Shan-tung, ii. 139n Wen River, ii. 139n Wen-chow, ii. 239n Westermarck, _Human Marriage_, ii. 48n, 93n Whale oil, including spermaceti, i. 108, 117n, ii. 407, 408n Whales, ii. 249; in Socotra, 407; Madagascar, 411, 414n; species of Indian Ocean, 408n; sperm (Capdoille), 411, 414n Wheaten bread not eaten, i. 438n; at Yachi, ii. 66, 74n White bears, ii. 479 —— bone, Chinese for Lolos, ii. 63n —— camels, i. 281 —— City, meaning of term among Tartars, i. 297n, ii. 14n —— City, of Manzi frontier, ii. 34n —— Devils, ii. 355, 359n —— Feast at Kúblái’s City, i. 390, 392n —— Horde, ii. 481n —— horses and mares, i. 300, 390; offered to Khan, 308n Whittington and his cat in Persia, i. 65n Wild asses and oxen, _see_ Asses and Oxen William of Tripoli, Friar, i. 22; his writings, 23n, 24n Williams, Dr. S. W., on the Chinese year, i. 388n; on elephants at Peking, 392n Williamson, Rev. A., i. 135n, 217n, ii. 8n, 11n, 12n, 15n, 16n, 137n Wilson, General Sir C., i. 45n Wind, poison (Simúm), i. 108, 120n; monsoons, ii. 264–265 Wine, of the vine, Persians lax in abstaining from, i. 84, 87n, 96n —— boiled, i. 84, 87n, 153n, 155n —— of ancient Kapisa, i. 155n; Khotan, 188; at Taianfu, ii. 13, 16n; imported at Kinsay, 202 —— rice (_Samshu_ or _darásún_), i. 441; and of wheat, ii. 56, 59n; at Yachi, 66, 85; spices, etc., in Caindu, 56; Kien-ch’ang, 59n, 85; Cangigu, 117; Coloman 123; Kinsay, 202, 204, 216 —— Palm (toddy), ii. 292, 297n, 376 —— from sugar, ii. 376, 442 —— date, i. 107, 115n, ii. 292, 297n, 442 —— (unspecified), at Khan’s table, i. 382; not used in Ma’bar, ii. 342; nor by Brahmans, 363 “Winter” used for “rainy season,” ii. 391n Wo-fo-sze, “Monastery of the lying Buddha,” i. 221n Wolves in Pamir, i. 171, 176n Women, Island of, ii. 405n–406n Women, of Kerman, their embroidery, i. 90; mourners, 109; of Khorasan, their beauty, 128; of Badakhshan, 160; Kashmir, 166; Khotan, 191; Kamul, fair and wanton, 210; Tartar good and loyal, 252; Erguiul, pretty creatures, 276; of the town, 414, ii. 202; of Tibet, evil customs, 44; Caindu, 53; Carajan, 66; Zardandan, _couvade_, 85; Anin, 116; Kinsay, charming, 186; respectful treatment of, 204; Kelinfu, beautiful, 225; Zanghibar, frightful, 423 Wonders performed by the Bacsi, i. 314 _et seqq._ Wood, Lieutenant John, Indian Navy, _20_, i. 156n; his elucidations of Polo in Oxus regions, i. 174n Wood-oil, ii. 251n, 252n Wool, Salamander’s, i. 213, 216n Worship of Mahomet (supposed), i. 188, 189n —— of fire, 303; Tartar, 256, 257; Chinese, 456 —— of first object seen in the day, ii. 284, 288n Worshipping the tablets, i. 391, 392n Wu-chau (Vuju), ii. 222n Wukiang-hien (Vughin), ii. 184n Wüsus, or Wesses, people of Russia, ii. 486n Wu-ti, Emperor, ii. 437n Wylie, Alexander, _76_, i. 2n, 8n, 322n, 377n, 451n, 454n, ii. 19n, 28n, 38n, 169n, 184n, 194n, 209n, 212n _Xanadu_, i. 305n Xavier, at Socotra, ii. 409n Xerxes, i. 135n Ya-chau, ii. 45n, 48n, 70n Yachi (Yun-nan-fu), city, ii. 66, 67n, 72n, 74n, 80n, 111n _Yadah_, _Jadagari_, _Jadah-tásh_, science and stone of weather-conjurer, i. 309n Yaik River, i. 6n Yájúj, and Májúj, _see_ Gog and Magog Yak (dong), i. 274, 277n; their tails carried to Venice, 274; used in India for military decorations, ii. 355, 359n Ya’kúb Beg of Kasghar, i. 189n Yakuts, i. 309n, 446n, ii. 484n Yalung River, ii. 67n, 69n, 72n Yam, or Yamb (a post-stage or post-house), i. 433, 437n, ii. 213n Yamgán, i. 162n Yang-chau (Yanju), city, i. 29n, 432n, ii. 154n, 173n; Marco’s government there, _22_, ii. 154, 157n Yarbeg of Badakhshan, i. 156n Yarkand (Yarcan), i. 187 _Yarligh_ and _P’aizah_, i. 322n, 352n Yasdi (Yezd), i. 88 —— silk tissue, i. 88 _Yashm_, jade, i. 193n Yasodhara, bride of Sakya Sinha, ii. 323n Yavanas, ii. 372n Yazdashír, i. 92n Ydifu, i. 285, 295n Year, Chinese, i. 388; Mongol and Chinese cycle, 447, 454n Yelimala, _see_ Monté d’Ely Yeliu Chutsai, statesman and astronomer, ii. 17n Yellow, or orthodox Lamas, i. 315n, 324n Yemen, ii. 432n, 433n, 440n, 441n, 445n. (_See_ also Aden.) Yeng-chau (in Shan-tung), ii. 137n, 139n —— (in Che-kiang), ii. 222n Yen-king (Old Peking), i. 375n, 376n Yen-Ping, ii. 230n Yenshan, ii. 224n Yesubuka, ii. 474n Yesudar, ii. 459 Yesugai, father of Chinghiz, i. 237n Yetsina (Etzina), i. 223 Yezd (Yasdi), i. 88; silk fabrics of, ii. 11 Yiu-ki River, ii. 230n Yoritomo, descendants of, ii. 262n Yonting Ho River, ii. 6n Yotkàn, village, i. 190n Youth, Island of, ii. 381n Yrac, province, i. 74 Ysemain of Hiulie, western engineer, ii. 167n Yu, _see_ Jade Yuan Ho, i. 29n Yu-chow, gold and silver mines, i. 295n Yue-chi, i. 174n Yuen, Mongol Imperial dynasty, so styled, i. 29n, 377n Yuen-hao, kingdom of Tangut, i. 282n Yuen ming-yuen, palace, i. 307n Yuen shi, History of Mongol Dynasty in China, i. 115n, 248n, 295n, ii. 95n Yugria, or Yughra, in the Far North, ii. 483n, 485n, 493n Yuh-shan, ii. 222n, 224n Yule, Sir Henry, ii. 602n; on Ravenala, 597n; on Maundeville, 604n Yun-Hien, a Buddhist Abbot, i. 304n Yung-chang fu (Shen-si), i. 276n —— (Yun-nan, Vochan), ii. 84, 89n, 104n, 105n, 107n–109n Yung Lo, Emperor, ii. 596n Yun-nan (Carajan), province, ii. 40n, 45n, 56n, 57n, 59n–62n, 64, 67n, 72n, 80n, 81n, 82n, 90n, 95n, 104n, 107n, 115n, 120n, 124n, 127n–129n; conquerors of, 46n, 80n; Mahomedans, 74n Yun-nan-fu city, _see_ Yachi Yurungkásh (white Jade) River, i. 193n Yusuf Kekfi, i. 85n Yuthia, Ayuthia (Ayodhya), mediæval capital of Siam, _13_, ii. 278n, 279n Yvo of Narbonne, i. 12n Zabedj, ii. 283n Zaila, ii. 413n, 435n, 436n Zaitúníah, probable origin of satin, ii. 241n Zampa, _see_ Champa Zanghibar (Zangibar, Zanjibar, Zanzibar), ii. 405n, 412, 422, 424n; currents off, 415n; Ivory trade, 423, 424n; its blacks, women, 423, 424n Zanton (Shantung?), _3_ Zanzale, James, or Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa, i. 61n Zapharan, monastery near Baghdad, i. 61n Zardandan, or “Gold Teeth,” a people of W. Yun-nan, ii. 84, 98; identity doubtful, 88n; characteristic customs, 90n Zarncke, Fr., i. 139n Zayton, Zaitún, Zeiton, Cayton (T’swan-chau, Chwan-chau, or Chinchew of modern charts), the great mediæval port of China, ii. 175n, 231, 232n–233n, 234, 237n–243n; Khan’s revenue from, 235; porcelain, 235, 242n; language, 236n, 243n–244n; etymology, 237n; mediæval notices, 237 _seqq._; identity, 239n, 240n; Chinchew, a name misapplied, 239n; Christian churches at, 240n, 241n; ships of, 264 Zayton, Andrew, Bishop of, ii. 237n Zebák Valley, i. 165n Zebu, humped oxen, i. 99n Zedoary, ii. 388n Zenghi, i. 61n Zerms (Jerms), ii. 439n Zerumbet, ii. 388n Zettani, ii. 241n Zhafar, _see_ Dhafar Zic (Circassia), ii. 490, 492n Zikas, ii. 228n, 309n, 311n Zimmé, _see_ Kiang-mai Zinc, i. 126n Zinj, Zinjis, ii. 424n, 426n Zobeidah, the lady, i. 156n Zorza, _see_ Chorcha Zu-’lḳarnain (Zulcarniain), “the Two Horned,” an epithet of Alexander, i. 56n, 157, 160n Zurficar (Zúrpica, Zulficar), a Turkish friend of Marco Polo’s, i. 213 Transcriber’s Notes: - Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). - Text enclosed by equals is in blackletter (=blackletter=). - Text enclosed by ‘|’ is emphasized normal font within an italicized paragraph (|emphasized|). - Blank pages have been removed. - Redundant half-title pages have been removed. - Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. - Names spelling, hyphenation, and diacritics are highly variable, some were standardized when there seemed to be a clear choice. - There are 3 types of footnotes: - Normal, marked as ‘[1]’ and moved after the notes. - Footnotes of footnotes, marked as ‘[A]’ and moved after the normal footnotes. - “Notes”, marked as ‘{1}, located and numbered as they are in the book. - Page and relative size information has been removed from illustrations. - Index has been copied from volume II. *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TRAVELS OF MARCO POLO — VOLUME 1 *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. 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