Prologue, note 1.

INDEX Transcriber’s Note: - Numbers in _italics_ refer to Prefatory Material in volume I - ‘i.’ and ‘ii.’ indicate volume referred to - ‘n’ indicates item is in Notes on that page - Index has been duplicated from volume II to volume I - Only links for this volume are enabled Aás, Asu, _see_ Alans Abacan, a Tartar general, ii. 255, 261n, 596n Ábah, _see_ Ávah Abaji, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n Abáḳa (Abaga), Khan of Persia, i. 33n, 36n, 91n, 103n, ii. 465–467, 474, 475, 477n, 495n Abano, Pietro of, his notice of Polo, _119_ Abash (Habsh), _see_ Abyssinia Abba Gregory, ii. 433n Abbás, Sháh, i. 90n Abbott, Consul Keith E., i. 81n, 82n, 89n, 92n, 96n, 99n, 106n, 111n, 113n, 114n, 125n Abdul Kuri islands, ii. 405n —— Mejid, i. 175n Abeskun (Baxon), on the Caspian, i. 59n Abher, i. 38n, 82n Abkashian forests, boxwood of the, i. 57n _Abnús_, ebony, ii. 272n Abraha, ruler of Yemen, ii. 434n Abraiaman, _see_ Brahmans Abubakr, Atabeg of Fars, i. 85n, ii. 348n —— Ibrahim, and Mahomed, engineers employed by Kúblái, ii. 168n Abu’l Abbas Ahmed VII., Khalif of Baghdad, i. 69n —— Fázl, i. 103n, 168n, 169n, ii. 367, 374n Abulfeda, his geography, _4_, i. 3n, 6n, 9n, 53n, 57n, 58n, 75n, 81n, 110n, 385n, ii. 237n, 286n, 367n, 377n, 486n, 489n; at the siege of Acre, 165n Abulfiez Khan, king of Bokhara, i. 88n Abu Nasr Mohammed IX., Khalif of Baghdad, i. 69n —— Saïd, i. 86n, ii. 347n Abyssinia (Abash), ii. 427 _seqq._, 431n; its king’s punishment of Soldan of Aden, 428–430; dominion on the coast, mediæval history and chronology, 434n–437n; table of kings, 435n; wars with Mahomedan states, 436n Acbalec Manzi, “White City of the Manzi frontier,” ii. 33, 34n, 35n Acbalec or Acbaluc (Cheng-ting fu), ii. 13, 14n Accambale, king of Champa, ii. 267, 270n Achan, i. 66n Achin, Acheh, Achem, ii. 283n, 286n, 295n, 296n, 300n, 303n, 305n, 307n; its gold and lign-aloes, 287n; conversion of, 288n; its great power at one time, 289n; elephants at, 289n —— Head, ii. 300n, 307n Achmath, the Bailo, _see_ Ahmad Acomat Soldan (Ahmad Sultan), seizes throne of Tabriz, ii. 467; goes to encounter Argon, 468; rejects his remonstrance, 469; defeats and takes him, 470; hears of Argon’s escape, is taken and put to death, 473; notes on the history, 470n, 474n Acorn bread, i. 122n Acqui, Friar Jacopo d’, his notice of Polo, _54_, _67_, _119_ Acre, i. 17, 22; Broils at, between Venetians and Genoese, _42_; plan of, 18n; captured by Saracens, ii. 165n, 441n; wickedness of, 442n; Polos at, 593n Adam, Bishop and Pope of China, ii. 28n —— Seth, and the Tree of Life, legend of, i. 135n Adamodana, Castle of, i. 58n Adam’s Apple, i. 99n —— sepulchre on mountain (Adam’s Peak) in Ceylon, ii. 316, 328n; rubies, 316n; his teeth, hair, etc., 319–320; the footmark, 321n–322n Adel, apparently confused with Aden, ii. 433n, 435n, 440n Aden, Horse and other Trade with India, ii. 340, 348n, 390, 407, 427, 431, 438; Soldan’s treatment of a bishop, 428; Vengeance of King of Abyssinia on him, 430; confused with Adel, 433n; account of Kingdom, 438, 439n–440n; the Sultan, 438–439, 440n; intercourse and trade with China, tanks, 440n; view of, 441 Adoration of the Emperor, i. 391 _Adulis_, ii. 432n; inscription of, 434n Aegae, Ayas on the site of ancient, i. 16n Aepyornis and its eggs, ii. 416n–417n Aëtius, his prescription of musk, i. 279n, ii. 302n; of camphor, 302n Afghans, their use of the fat-tailed sheep, i. 100n Africa, Sea surrounding to the South, ii. 415n Agassiz, Professor, i. 100n Agathocles, Coins of, i. 163n Ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος, island, ii. 310n Agha Ali Sháh, present representative of the Old Man of the Mountain, i. 148n —— Khan Meheláti, late representative of the Old Man, i. 147n Aghrukji or Ukuruji, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n Agricola, Governor of Cappadocia, etc., i. 45n Aguil, Mongol general, ii. 136, 138n Ahmad (Achmath), the Bailo, of Fenaket, his power, oppressions, death, etc., i. 415 _seqq._, 421n —— Sultan, Khan of Persia, _see_ Acomat Ahwaz, province, i. 65n Aidhab, ii. 439n Aidhej, or Mal-Amir, i. 85n Aijaruc, Kaidu’s daughter, ii. 463; her strength and prowess, 463 _seqq._; her name, 463 Aikah Nowin, Engineer in Chief of Chinghiz, ii. 168n Ai-lao (afterwards Nan-chao), ancient name of the Shans, ii. 79n _Aín Akbari_ (_Ayeen Akbery_), i. 65n, 99n, 101n, 103n, 409n, ii. 116n Ajmir, ii. 426n Akbar and Kúblái, a parallel, i. 349n Ak Bulák salt mines, i. 154n Akhaltziké (Western Georgia), i. 58n Akhtuba River, i. 5n, 6n Ak-khoja, ii. 470n Aksarai, or Ghori River, i. 152n Aksu River, i. 172n, 175n Aktár, i. 96n Áktásh Valley, i. 172n, 175n _Alabastri_, ii. 432n Alacou, _see_ Hulákú _Aladja_, striped cotton cloth, i. 44n Alamút, Castle of the Ismailites, i. 141n, 142n, 145n, 148n Alan country, Alania, i. 57n, ii. 490, 491n Alans, or Aas, massacre at Chang-chau of, ii. 178; employed under Mongols, 179n Alaone, the name, _56_ Alarm Tower, at Cambaluc, i. 375, 378n; at Kinsay, ii. 189 _Alatcha_, cotton stuff with blue and red stripes, i. 190n Alau, _see_ Hulákú Alá’uddin (Alaodin), _see_ Old Man of the Mountain —— (Alawating of Mufali), an engineer in Kúblái’s service, ii. 167n —— Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, i. 104n, ii. 163n, 169n, 333n, 398n, 400n Albenigaras, Mt., ii. 362n Al Biruni, i. 104n, 174n, ii. 400n Albuquerque, _see_ D’Alboquerque. Alchemy, Kúblái’s, i. 423 Aleppo, i. 23n Alexander the Great, allusions to legends and romances about, _113_, i. 14n, 129n–133n, ii. 322n, 485n; his rampart (Iron Gate), i. 50, 53n, 56n, 57n; the curtains at a banquet given by, 66n; and the _ferrum candidum_, 93n; site of his battle with Darius, 128, 138n; his wife Roxana, 151; kills a lion, 152n; Princes claiming descent from (Zulcarniain), 157, 160n; his horse Bucephalus, 158; fixes chains on Adam’s Peak, ii. 322n; said to have colonised Socotra, 409n; his tower on the border of Darkness, 485n Alexander III., Pope, i. 231n Alexander IV., Pope, i. 8n Alexandria, _9_, ii. 235; trade from India to, 390, 438 _Alhinde_, _Alfinde_, _Alinde_, _Al-hint_, i. 93n ’Ali and Aliites, i. 140n–141n Alidada, i. 452n Alihaiya, Kúblái’s general, ii. 167n Alinak, ii. 474n Alligator, in Carajan, ii. 76, 81n; mode of killing, 77; eaten, 78, 81n; prophecy of Bhartpúr about, 149n Almalik, ii. 462n Almanacs, Chinese (Tacuin), i. 447, 448n Almonds, i. 153, 155n Aloes, Socotrine, ii. 409n —— wood, _see_ Lign-aloes _Alor_, war cry, _43_ Al-Ramni, Al-Ramin, _see_ Sumatra Altai (Altay) Mountains, i. 212, 215n; the Khan’s burial-place, 246, 269; used for the Khingan range, 247n, 306n Altun-Khan, Mountain, i. 247n —— sovereign, ii. 19n Amazons, fable of, ii. 405n Ambergris, ii. 308n, 406, 411, 423, 424n; how got, 408n _Amber-rosolli_, i. 114n Amda Zion, king of Abyssinia, his wars _v._ Mahomedans, ii. 435n _seqq._; not the king mentioned by Polo, 436n Ament, Rev. W. S., i. 361n, 421n, ii. 6, 11, 12 _Ameri_, a kind of Brazil wood, ii. 301n, 380n Amhara, ii. 436n Amien, Mien (Burma), ii. 98, 99n Amita Buddha, i. 460n Ammianus Marcellinus, ii. 180n Amoy, ii. 231n, 232n; harbour, ii. 240n, 241n; languages, 244n _Amphora_, _Anfora_, ii. 417n Amu, Aniu, _see_ Anin _Amuki_, devoted comrades of the king, ii. 347n _Anamis_ (Minao) River, i. 114n Ananda, Kúblái’s grandson, ii. 29n, 31n Anár, i. 90n Anaurahta, king of Burma, ii. 99n, 329n Ancestor Worship, ii. 85, 96n Anchors, Wooden, ii. 386, 388n _Andaine_, _andena_, _andanicum_, _see_ Ondanique Andaman (Angamanain) islands, ii. 306; described, 307n, 309–312n; people, 308n, 309, 311n; form of the word, 310n _Andan_, _andun_, Wotiak for steel, i. 94n Andragiri, ii. 301n Andreas, king of Abyssinia, ii. 435n, 436n Andrew, Bishop of Zayton, ii. 237n —— Grand Duke of Rostof and Susdal, i. 7n _Andromeda ovalifolia_, poisonous, i. 218n Angamanain, _see_ Andaman Angan, or Hanjám, i. 115n _’Angka_, gryphon, _see_ Ruc Angkor, ruins of, _13_ Ani in Armenia, i. 234n Animal Patterns, _see_ Patterns Anin, province, ii. 119, 120n, 121n, 123, 128n, 129n, 266n Annals of the Indo-Chinese States, ii. 106n ’An-nam, or Tong-king, ii. 120n Anselmo, Friar, i. 131n _Anthropoides Virgo_, the demoiselle, i. 297n Antioch, i. 24n Antongil Bay, Madagascar, ii. 414n Aotonomoff, Spasski, his ascent of Ararat, i. 49n _Apostoille_, word used for Pope, i. 12n Apples of Paradise (Konars), i. 97, 99n, ii. 365 Apricots, ii. 210n _’Apuhota_ (Kapukada?), ii. 380n Apushka (Apusca), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n Arababni, ii. 436n Arab geography, _132_ —— colonies in Madagascar, ii. 414n —— horses, early literary recognition of, ii. 349n; trade in, _see_ Horses —— merchants, in Southern India, ii. 376 —— Seamen’s Traditions about Java, ii. 274n Arabi (Arabs), i. 60 Arabia, ii. 438–451 Arabic character, i. 29n _Arachosía, arachoti_, ii. 329n, 402n _Araines_, ii. 461, 462n Arakan, ii. 100n, 286n, 290n, 298n Aram (Harám), Place of the, i. 139, 141n Ararat, Mount, i. 46; ascents of, 49n Arblasts, crossbows, ii. 78, 82n, 161n Arbre Sol, or Arbre Sec, Region of the (Khorasan), _113_, i. 38n, 83, 127, 128n–139n, ii. 466, 474, 475; tree described—_Chínár_ or Oriental plane, i. 127, 128n–138n; various readings, 129n; _Arbre seul_, a wrong reading, i. 129n, 138n; Tree of the Sun legend, 129n–131n; Christian legend of the Dry Tree, 131n; engrafted on legends of Alexander, 132n; Trees of Grace in Persia, 134n; Dry Trees in Mahomedan legend, 135n; in Rabbinical and Buddhist stories, and legends of the Wood of the Cross, 135n–136n; Polo’s _Arbre Sec_ to be sought near Damghan, 138n; Sabaean apologue, 138n; clue to the term _Arbre Sec_, 148n Arcali, Arculin, _see_ Erculin Architectural remains in Indo-China, _13_ Ardeshír Bábekán, first Sassanian king, i. 91n Ardeshír, last sovereign of Shabánkára, i. 86n Areca, ii. 309n, 374n _Areng Saccharifera_, ii. 297n Arezzo, i. 21n Argaeus, Mount, i. 44n Argali, ii. 483n Arghún, Khan of Persia (Polo’s Argon, Lord of the Levant), _23–24_, i. 14n, ii. 50, 466–467; sends an embassy to Kúblái for a wife, i. 32, 33n; is dead when she arrives, 35, 36n, 38n, 101n; his unhappy use of the elixir vitae, ii. 369n; advances against his uncle Ahmad, 467; harangues his chiefs, 468; sends Ahmad a remonstrance, 469; is taken prisoner, 470; released by certain chiefs, 471; obtains sovereignty, 472; his death, 474; his beauty, 478n Argons (Arghún), half-breeds, i. 101n, 284, 290n Arii, Ariana, ii. 402n Arikbuga, Kúblái’s brother, i. 334n Arimaspia, ii. 419n Arimaspian gold, ii. 419n Ariora-Keshimur, i. 86n, 98, 104n; meaning of _Ariora_, 104n Ariosto, i. 17n Aripo, ii. 335n, 337n Aristotle, _130_, i. 87n, 130n, ii. 409n Arjish (Arzizi), i. 45, 49n Arkasun Noian, ii. 474n _Arkhaiun_, applied to Oriental Christians or their Clergy, i. 290n Armenia, Greater, i. 45, 98 Armenia (Hermenia), Lesser or Cilician, _10_, i. 16, 20, 22, 23n, 41 Armenian Christians, i. 290n Armenians, i. 43, 45, 75 Armillary Zodiacal Sphere, i. 450n Armour of boiled leather, _see_ Cuirbouly Arms of Kerman, i. 90, 96n; of the Tartars, i. 260, 263n, ii. 460 Arredon River, i. 54n Arrow Divination, i. 243n Arrows, Tartar, ii. 460 Artacki, i. 281n Arts, the Seven, i. 13, 14n Aru, Cumahā, ii. 303n Arucki, i. 281n Aruk, ii. 474n Arulun Tsaghan Balghasun (Chagan-Nor), i. 297n, 306n Arya Chakravarti, ii. 316n Aryavartta, the Holy Lands of Indian Buddhism, i. 104n Arzinga (Erzingan), i. 45, 46n Arziron (Erzrum), i. 45, 48n Arzizi (Arjísh), i. 45, 49n Asbestos, and the Salamander, i. 212, 216n–217n Asceticism of the Sensin, i. 303; of the Jogis, ii. 365 Asedin Soldan (Ghaiassuddin Balban, Sultan of Delhi), i. 99, 104n, 105n Ashar (Asciar), king of Cail, ii. 370, 373n Ashishin, _see_ Assassins Ashod, founder of the Bagratid dynasty, i. 53n Ashurada, i. 59n Asikan, Mongol general, ii. 260n Asoka, ii. 328 _Asper_, or _akché_, about a groat, ii. 22, 23n Assai River, i. 54n Assassins (Ashishin, Hashíshin), Ismailites, i. 84n, 140; how the Old Man trained them, 142; murders by, 144n; their destruction, 145; survival and recent circumstances of the sect, 146n Asses, in Persia, i. 83, 87n, 88, 89n, 123, 225n; in Mongolia, 224, 225n, 397; in Madagascar, ii. 413, 421n; in Abyssinia, 431; in Far North, 479, 481n Asterius, Bishop of Amasia in Pontus, i. 66n Astrakhan (Gittarchan), i. 5n, 6n Astrolabe, i. 446 Astrology, -ers, in Tangut, i. 205; of Chinghiz, 241; at Kúblái’s Court, 301, 391; at Cambaluc, 446; of Tibet, ii. 49; at Kinsay, 191, 203; in Maabar, 344; in Coilum, 376 Astronomical instruments, ancient Chinese, i. 378n, 449n–454n Atabegs, of Mosul, i. 61n; of Lúr, 85n; of Fars, 85n, 121n; of Yezd, 88; of Kerman, 91n Atjeh, _see_ Achin Atkinson’s Narratives, and their credibility, i. 214n, 215n Atlas, Chinese, in Magliabecchian Library, ii. 193n Ἀτταγὰς (Black Partridge), i. 99 Attalus, King, i. 66n At-Thaibi family, i. 121n Auberoche, Siege of, ii. 163n, 165n Audh (Oudh), ii. 427n Aufat, Ifat, ii. 435n Augury, _see_ Omens Aung Khan (Unc Can), _see_ Prester John Aurangzíb, i. 168n Aurora, Ibn Fozlán’s account of, i. 8n Aussa, ii. 435n Ávah, Abah, Ava, one of the cities of the Magi, i. 80, 81n Avarian, epithet of S. Thomas, ii. 353, 355n–356n Avebury, Lord, on _couvade_, ii. 93n Avicenna’s classification of Iron, i. 94n _Avigi, ′afçi (falco montanus)_, i. 50, 57n Axum, Inscription, ii. 432n; Church of, 433n; Court of, 434n Ayas (Layas, Aiazzo, etc.), port of Cilician Armenia, _19_, i. 16, 17n, 20, 22, 41; Sea fight at, _43_, _46_, _54_ Ayuthia, _13_, ii. 278n, 279n _Azumiti_, ii. 432n Azure, Ultramarine (_lapis armenus_) Mines in Badakhshan, i. 157, 162n; in Tenduc, 284; ore, 365, 370n Baba Buzurg, worshipped by the Lurs, i. 85n Baber, E. C., on Ch’êng-tú, ii. 38n; on wild oxen of Tibet, 52n; Lolos, 61n–63n; Gold River (Brius), 67n; the word Caindu, 70n; Talifu, 80n; Mekong River 88n; Zardandan, 89n; site of battle between Kúblái and king of Mien, 105n; descent of Mien, 108n Baboons, etymology, ii. 385n, 431 Báb-ul-abwáh, “The Gate of Gates,” Pass of Derbend, i. 53n Babylon, Babylonia (Cairo or Egypt), i. 22, 24n, ii. 226, 230n; Sultan of, i. 22, ii. 439, 473 Babylonish garments, i. 66n _Baccadeo_, indigo, ii. 382n Baccanor, ii. 386n Bacon, Roger, i. 94n, 426n; as geographer, _114_, _131_ Bacsi, _see_ Bakhshi Bactria, its relation to Greece, i. 160n Bacu, Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n Badakhshan (Badashan), i. 98, 104n, 154, 157; its population, 155n, 160n; capitals of, 156n; Mirs of, 156n, 160n; legend of Alexandrian pedigree of its kings, 157, 160n; depopulation of, 156n, 163n; scenery, 158n; dialects, 160n; forms of the name, 161n; great river of (Upper Oxus), 170 Badáún, ii. 427n Badger, Rev. Dr. G. P., i. 65n, ii. 444n Badghís, i. 150n, ii. 467 _Badgír_, Wind-catchers, ii. 452, 453n Badruddín Lúlú, last Atabeg of Mosul, i. 61n _Báfk_ (Báft), i. 89n, 111n, 122n Baghdad (Baudas), Baldac, taken by Alaü, Hulákú, i. 63; its Khalif, 63, 64; the miracle of the mountain, 69 —— Archbishop of, ii. 407 —— its indigo (_baccadeo_), ii. 382n Bagratidae, of Armenia, i. 42n; of Georgia, 52n Bagration-Mukransky, Prince, i. 53n Bahár, ii. 427n Bahárak, plain, i. 156n Bahá-uddin Ayaz, Wazir of Kalhát, i. 120n Bahá-ul-hakh, the Saint of Multán, ii. 82n Bahrámábád, i. 90n, 122n Bahrámjird Village, i. 113n Bahrein, ii. 348n Baiberdon, i. 49n Baiburt (Paipurth), Castle of, i. 48n, 49n Baidu Khan, i. 14n, ii. 475n; seizes throne of Persia, 476; displaced and killed by Gházán, 476; alleged to be a Christian, 476, 477n Bailo, the title, i. 417; etymology of, 421n Bakhshi (Bacsi), Lamas, i. 414, 445; their enchantments, 301, 302, 314n–318n; various meanings of the word, 314n Bakhtyáris of Lúristán, the, i. 87n Baku, oil fields of, i. 46, 49n; Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n _Balad-ul-Falfal_ (Malabar), ii. 377n _Baladi_, ii. 381n _Balalaika_, a two-stringed Tartar instrument, i. 339n _Balânjaríyah, devoted lieges_, ii. 347n Bala-Sagun, i. 232n Balas rubies, i. 157, 161n, ii. 362n Baldac, _see_ Baghdad _Baldacchini_ (_Baudekins_), brocades made at Baghdad, i. 63, 65n Baldwin II. (de Courtenay), last Latin Emperor of Constantinople, i. 2, 3n Bali, Island of, ii. 287n —— in Abyssinia, ii. 436n _Balios_, i. 421n _Balish_ (a money of account), ii. 218n _Balista_, always a crossbow in mediæval times, ii. 161n Balkh (Balc), i. 151 Balkhash Lake, ii. 459n Ballads, Genoese, on sea-fights at Ayas and Curzola, _43_ _seqq._ Ballard, Mr., ii. 382n, 387n Balor, Balaur, Bilaur, Malaur, Bolor, i. 172, 178n–179n _Bâlos_, Malacca boats with two rudders, i. 119n _Balsamodendron Mukul_, ii. 397n Balthazar, of the Magi, i. 78, 82n Bálti, i. 160n, 178n _Balustrade_, etymology of the word, _38_ Bamboo (always called canes by Polo), its multifarious uses, i. 299, 307n; Kúblái’s Chandu Palace made of, 299, 306n; great, on banks of Caramoran river, ii. 220; explode loudly when burning, 42, 43, 46n; large in Tibet, 48n; ropes of, 171, 174n; in Che kiang, 221n Bamian, caves at, i. 156n; huge recumbent image at, 221n _Bám-i-Duniah_, “Roof of the World,” i. 171, 174n Bamm, i. 113n Bandar Abbás (Bandar-Abbási), i. 86n, 89n, 106n, 122n Bandith, i. 98, 100n, 151 Bangala, _see_ Bengal Banzaroff, Dorji, on Shamanism, i. 258n Baptism, accompanied by branding, in Abyssinia, ii. 427, 432n Bara, ii. 305n Barac (Borrak), Khan of Chagatai, i. 9, 10n, 103n; his war with Arghún, ii. 458n, 467 Baradaeus, Jacob, or James Zanzale, Bishop of Edessa, i. 61n Barbaro, Josafat, i. 49n, 53n, 100n, 426n, 427n Barbarossa, Frederic, _36_, i. 82n Barberino, Francesco da, _36_, _118_, i. 117n _Barda’at_, saddle-cloths, i. 61n Bardesir, i. 112n Bardshír, Bardsír, Bard-i-Ardeshír, i. 92n Bargu (Barguchin Tugrum, or Barguti), plain, i. 269, 270n _Barguerlac, Syrrhaptes Pallasii_, a kind of sand grouse, i. 269, 272n; its migration into England, 273n Barguzinsk, i. 270n Barin, Mongol tribe, ii. 148n Bark, money made from, _108_, i. 423; fine clothes from, ii. 124, 127n Barka (Barca), Khan, ruler of Kipchak, i. 4, 5n, 103n, ii. 491; his war with Hulákú, i. 4, ii. 494 _seqq._ Barkul, i. 345n _Barkút, búrgút (bearcoote)_, eagle trained to the chase, i. 397, 399n Barlaam and Josaphat, Story of Saints, from Legend of Buddha, ii. 323n _seqq._ Barley, huskless, i. 158, 162n Baroch, ii. 367n _Baron-tala_, name applied by Mongols to Tibet, i. 214n Barons (Shieng or Sing), Kaan’s twelve, ii. 430 Barozzi, Nicolo, _30_, _70_ Barros, John de, i. 110n, 120n; geography of, _3_ Barsauma (St. Barsamo), i. 77 Barskul (Barscol), “Leopard Lake,” i. 343, 345n Bartizan, Kúblái’s wooden, i. 337, 339n Barus, Barros (Sumatra), its camphor, ii. 302n–303n, 304n _Barussae insulae_, ii. 310n _Barygaza_, ii. 397n, 408n Bashai (Pashai), i. 165n Bashkirds (Hungarians), i. 57n, ii. 492n Bashpah, Lama, and the Mongol character called after him, i. 28n, 353n, ii. 46n Basma, _see_ Pasei _Basmuls_ (Guasmuls), half-breeds, i. 284, 292n Basra (Bastra), noted for its date-groves, i. 63, 65n Bathang, ii. 45n, 48n, 56n, 67n, 70n Baths, natural hot, near Hormuz i. 110–122n; in Cathay, 442; public at Kinsay, ii. 189, 198n Batigala, Batticalla, ii. 426n, 443n Batochina, ii. 302n Bats, large, in India, ii. 345 Battas of Sumatra, and cannibalism, ii. 288n, 298n Batthála, Bettelar (Patlam in Ceylon), ii. 337n Battles, Kúblái _v._ Nayan, i. 336; Tartars _v._ king of Mien, ii. 101; Caidu _v._ Khan’s forces, 461; Borrak and Arghún, 467; Arghún and Ahmad, 470n; Hulákú and Barka, 496; Toktai and Nogai, 499 Bátú, Khan of Kipchak, founder of Sarai, _11_, i. 5n, 6n, 245, 247n; invades Russia, 490, 493n; made by Polo into two kings—Sain and Patu, 491, 492n; his character and cruelty, 492n Baudas, _see_ Baghdad _Baudekins_ (baldacchini), brocades made at Baghdad, i. 63, 65n _Bauduin de Sebourc_, _121_ _seqq._, ii. 141, 144, 189, 216 Bavaria, Duke Ernest of, a mediæval Romance, ii. 418n Bawárij, corsairs, ii. 410n Bayan Chingsian, Kúblái’s greatest Captain, i. 10n, 334n, 361n, ii. 138n, 208n, 462n; prophecy connected with his name, 145, 150n; his conquest of Manzi or South China, 146; his history and character, 148n, 149n; his exceptional cruelty at Chang-chau, 179, 180n Bayan, Khagan of the Avars, ii. 148n Bayan (Baian), Kúblái’s Master of the Hounds, i. 400, 401n Bayan, son of Nasruddin, ii. 104n Bayezid Ilderim, i. 45n Bdellium, ii. 397n Beads, Hindu, ii. 338, 347n Bears, i. 396, 397, 401, ii. 31, 37, 42, 78, 382, 411, 431; white in Far North, 479, 481n Beast and bird patterns, _see_ Patterns Beaten gold, i. 387, 388n Beaujeu, William de, Master of the Temple, i. 25n Beauty of—Georgians, i. 50, 53n; Khorasan women, 128; Kashmir women, 166; Sinju women, 276; _Argons_, or half-breeds, 284; the Ungrat or Kungurat tribe, 357; people of Coloman, ii. 122; Kinsay women, 186; Kaidu’s daughter, 463; Arghún Khan, 478; the Russians, 487 Beds, their arrangement in India, ii. 346, 352n Beef, not eaten in Maabar, except by the Govi, ii. 341, 350n; formerly eaten in India, 350n Bejas of the Red Sea Coast, ii. 425, 432n, 434n Belgutai, Chinghiz’s stepbrother, i. 334n “Belic” for “Melic,” ii. 470n Bell at Cambaluc, great, i. 375, 378n, 414 Bellál Rajas, ii. 367n _Belledi, balladi_, ginger so called, ii. 381n; Spanish use of the word, _ib._ Benares, brocades of, i. 66n Bendocquedar, _see_ Bundúkdári, Bíbars Benedict XII., Pope, ii. 179n Bengal (Bangala), _12_; king of Mien (Burma) and, ii. 98; why Polo couples these, 99n; relations between Burma and, 99n, 114; claim asserted by king of Burma to, 100n; alleged Mongol invasion of, 115n; its distance from Caugigu, 120; its currency, 123; confused with Pegu by Polo, 128n, 131n Beni Búya dynasty, i. 91n Benjamin of Tudela, on Alexander’s Rampart, i. 54n; on the Gryphon, ii. 418n Benzoin, etymology of, ii. 286n, 396n Berard, Thos., Master of the Temple, i. 23, 24n Berbera, Sea of, ii. 415n Berchet, G., _27_, ii. 507n Bereké, Bátu Khan’s brother, i. 5n Bernier, on Kashmir women’s beauty, i. 169n _Berrie_, the Arabic Băríya, a desert, i. 237n Bettelar, rendezvous of Pearl Fishers, ii. 331, 337n _Beyamini_, wild oxen of Tibet, ii. 50, 52n Bezant, i. 405, 424, 425, 426n, 427n, 444, ii. 41n, 186, 218n, 346n, 349n, 479; value of, 592n _Bhagavata_, ii. 346n Bhamó, and River of, ii. 70n, 105n, 107n, 108n, 113n Bhartpúr, prophecy about, ii. 149n Bhattis, the, i. 104n Bháwalpúr, i. 104n “Bhim’s Baby,” colossal idol at Dhamnár caves, i. 221n Bianco’s, Andrea, maps, i. 133n Biar, ii. 305n Bibars Bundúkdári, _see_ Bundúkdári Bielo Osero, ii. 486n _Bigoncio_, a firkin, i. 384n Bilúchis, i. 101n; their robber raids, 106n; Lumri or Numri, 114n Binh Thuan (Champa), ii. 268n Binkin, ii. 230n Bintang (Pentam), ii. 280, 284 Birch-bark vessels, i. 309n; books, ii. 124, 127n Bír-dhúl, or Bujardawal, cap. of Ma’bar, ii. 335n Bird-hunts, i. 269, 272n Birdwood, Sir G., ii. 396n, 446n, 449n Birhōrs of Chuta Nagpúr, ii. 298n Bir-Pandi, or Pira-Bandi, ii. 333n, 334n Birthday, celebration of Kúblái’s, i. 387 Bishbalik (Urumtsi), i. 214n, 440n Bishop, of Male Island, ii. 404; story of an Abyssinian, 428 Bitter bread, i. 110, 122n —— water, i. 110, 122n, 194 Blac, Blachia (Lac, Wallach), ii. 489n _Black-bone_, Chinese name for Lolos, ii. 63n Black Crane (Kará Togorü), i. 296, 297n —— Saints, White Devils in India, ii. 355, 359n —— Sea, M. Maurum _v._ Nigrum, i. 2, 3n, 57n —— Sect of Tibet, i. 324n Blacker, the more beautiful, ii. 355 Blaeuw, map, i. 102n Blochmann, Professor H., i. 114n, ii. 116n Block-books, supposed to have been introduced from China, _139_ Block-printing in Persia, i. 429n Blood-sucking, Tartar, i. 261, 264n _Blous, bloies_, i. 327n Boar’s tusks, huge (Hipp.), ii. 413 _Boccassini_, i. 62n Bode, Baron de, i. 85n Bodhisatva Avalok., ii. 265n Bodleian MS. of Polo, _18_, _92_, _94_; list of miniatures in, ii. 528n Boeach, mistake for Locac, and its supposed position, ii. 280n Boemond, Prince of Antioch and Tripoli, letter of Bibar to, i. 24n Boga (Bukā), a great Mongol officer, delivers Arghún, ii. 471, 472, 474n Boghra Khan, i. 188n Bohea country, ii. 222n, 224n Bohra, sect of W. India, i. 148n Boikoff, Russian Envoy, i. 218n Bokhara (Bocara), i. 9, 10 Boleyn, Anne, her use of buckram, i. 47n Bolgana, Queen, _see_ Bulughán Bolgarskoye (called also Uspenskoye), i. 7n _Bolghar_, _borgal_, _borghal_, Russia leather, i. 6n, 394, 395n Bolghar (Bolgara), on the Volga, i. 4, 6n, ii. 481n, 486n, 493n; ruins of, i. 7n; court of, 384n Bolivar, Padre, S. J., his account of the Condor (_Rukh_) of Africa, ii. 420n, 597n Bolor, i. 172, 178n, 179n Bombay, ii. 396n, 449n Bonaparte, Prince Roland, _Recueil des Documents de l’Époque Mongole_, i. 14n, 28n Bonga, ii. 96n Bonheur, Rosa, i. 277n Boniface VIII., Pope, _44_, _52_, _54_, i. 23n Bonin, C. E., i. 203n, 249n, 276n, 282n, 286n Bonocio di Mestro, _67_ Bonpos, old Tibetan Sect, i. 314n, 321n, 323n Bonús, ebony, ii. 268, 272n Bonvalot, i. 200n Book of Marco Polo, its contents, _80_; original language, French, _81_; oldest Italian MS., _82_; “Geographic Text,” in rude French, _83_ _seqq._; various types of Text—(1) “Geographic,” _90_; (2) Pauthier’s MSS., _92_; (3) Pipino s Latin, _95_; Preface to, ii. 525n; Grynæus’ Latin, _95_; Müller’s reprint, _96_; (4) Ramusio’s Italian edition, its peculiarities, _96–101_; probable truth about it, _99_; bases of it, _100_; MS. and some of its peculiarities, _101_; general view of the relations of the texts, _101_; notice of an old Irish version, 102; geographical data, _109_; how far influenced in form by Rustician, _112_; perhaps in description of battles, _113_; diffusion and number of MSS., _116_; basis of present version, _141_ _seqq._; specimens of different recensions of text, ii. 522n–524n; distribution of MSS., 526n; miniatures in, 527n, 529n; list of MSS., 532n–552n; Tabular view of the filiation of chief MSS., 552; Bibliography, 553n–582n; titles of works cited, 582n–590n; Spanish edition, 598n Bore in Hang-chau Estuary, ii. 208n _Borgal_, _see_ _Bolghar_ Bormans, Stanislas, ii. 602n, 603n Born, Bertram de, _44_ Borneo, camphor, _see_ Camphor —— tailed men of, ii. 302n Boro Bodor, Buddhist Monument, Java, _13_, ii. 275n Borrak, Amir, Prince of Kerman (Kutlugh Sultan?), i. 91n —— Khan of Chaghatai, _see_ Barac Borús, the, ii. 310n Bostam, i. 138n _Boswellia thurifera_, ii. 396n, 446n, 448n; _serrata_, 446n; _Carterii_, 448n; _Bhauda-jiana_, 448n; _papyrifera_, 448n; _Frereana_, 448n; _glabra_, 396n Bouqueran, _see_ Buckram Bourne, F. S. A., ii. 60n, 131n Boxwood forests in Georgia, i. 50, 57n _Bozzí_, i. 212n Bra, the word, _45_ Bracelets, in Anin, ii. 119 Bragadino, Marco, husband of Marco Polo’s daughter, Fantina, _76_ —— Pietro, _76_ Brahmanical thread, ii. 363 Brahmans (Abraiaman), fish-charmers to the pearl fishery, ii. 332, 337n; their character and virtues, 363, 367n; their king, 364; their omens, 364, 368n, 369n; longevity, 365; _Chughi_, 365; Palladian legend of, 405n Brahma’s temple, Hang-chau, ii. 212n, 213n Brahuis, i. 101n Brakhimof, early capital of Bulgaria, i. 7n Brambanan, ruins at, _13_ Bran (Tibetan _tsamba_), parched barley, i. 303, 321n Brazil wood, in Locac, ii. 276, 279n; in Sumatra, 299; manner of growth, _ib._, 309n; in Ceylon, 313, 315n; in Coilum (_Coilumin_), 375, 380n; different kinds, _ib._; vicissitudes of the word, 380n; its use prohibited by Painters’ Guild, 382n Bread, bitter, i. 110, 122n Brephung monastery, i. 319n _Bretesche_, i. 339n Bretschneider, Dr. Emil (_Medical Researches_), ruins of Bolghar, i. 7n; the Uíghúr character, 28n; Caucasian Wall, 54n; use of muslin in Samarkand, 62n; on _nakh_ and _nachetti_, 65n; Hulákú’s expedition to West Asia, 66n, 85n, 146n, 148n; an extract from the _Yüan Si_, 115n; Badakhshan, 161n; Kashgar, 183n; Shachau, 206n; Kamul, 211n; Chingintalas, 214n; the _Stipa inebrians_, 219n; the Utikien Uigúrs, 227n; Erdenidso Monastery, 228n; Belasagun, 232n; death of Chinghiz, 248n; _tung lo_ or _kumiz_, 259n; Kúblái’s death, 334n; Peking, 366n, 368n, 370n, 372n, 376n–378n, ii. 5n, 6n, 8n; _verniques_, i. 384n; clepsydra, 385n; the Bularguchi, 408n; Achmath’s biography, 421n; paper-money, 430n; post stations, 437n; Chinese intoxicating drinks, 441n; regulations for time of dearth, 444n; Lu-Ku-K’iao Bridge, ii. 8n;