2. {2} do as the next thing. Mikáun siyag maáyu, dáyun natúlug, He ate

a good dinner and then went to sleep. {2a} sa — [gen.] nga [verb base] [gen.] was (will be) about to [do]. (Sa) dáyun ku nang káun miabut sila, As I was about to eat they arrived. Iságul ang tunù sa dáyun na nímung háun, Mix in the coconut milk just before you take it off the stove. {3} eternity. Ang dáyung pahúlay, Eternal rest. v {1} [A23] do s.t. immediately. Ngánung mudáyun ka man lang ug kasukù? Why do you flare up immediately? {1a} [a2] be killed at the first cockfight. Kanang túbù niánang báya dì giyud nà dayúnun, The cocks that are raised at that house will not be killed in the first cockfight. {2} [B36] remain as it is for long. Hináut nga magdáyun ang íyang kabuútan, I hope his good behavior will remain unchanged. {3} [a12] get possession of s.t. borrowed by keeping it forever. Íya na giyung gidáyun ang íyang gihulamang sapátus nákù, He took over the shoes that he borrowed from me. {4} [C; a12] push through in marriage. Nagkadáyun sila, They got married. {5}, {6} = dayun, 1, 2. (→) {1} [a3b4] for s.t. bad to come into being, be pushed through to reality. Ayaw pagdunggabdunggab nákù kay madayun (madayunan) unyà nà, Don’t pretend to stab me, because you might just end up doing it. {2} [B23; c1] proceed to carry s.t. out. Dì ku mudayun (madayun) paglarga kay hápun na, I will not proceed to leave because it’s already late. Dayunun (idayun) ba ni nímug baligyà? Will you push through with your plan to sell it? {3a} [A2; b6] go into a house. Dayun lang, Come on in! Dì na lang ku mudayun, I won’t come in. {3b} stay at a house. Háin ka karun dayun? Where are you staying now? pa- v [A; c1] continue doing s.t. Padayúna (ipadáyun) ang ímung kakúgi, Continue your industriousness. hiN-/haN-(→) v [a4] be pushed through. Wà sila mahinayun sa Karkar, They ended up not going to Carcar. Wà mahinayun ang balay pagbaligyà, In the end the house wasn’t sold after all. gilayun do s.t. immediately. Gilayun siyang milarga, He immediately left. -in- n {1} process of cooking coconut oil where the juice is cooked off at once and not set aside to ferment. {2} pútung -in- n pútu made from cassava or sweet potatoes without drying the meat. dumaláyun a lasting, eternal. Dílì dumaláyun ang kalípayng lawasnun, Earthly happiness is not eternal. ka-an n eternity. † dáyung v {1} [A3SC; bc3] for two or more people to accomplish s.t. together, most commonly carrying. Dayúngi lang nà ninyu kay bug-at, Carry that together because it is heavy. Dayúngan lang nílag bugsay ang surambáwan, The fishermen just row their large fishing boat together. {2} [A2C2; bc3] share joys and sorrows. Magdáyung gayud ta sa kalípay ug kasákit, We will share our happiness and sorrows with each other. {3} — ug túig v [C3] for siblings (not twins) to be born in the same year. Nagdáyung mig túig sa ákung manghud, My younger brother and I were both born in the same year. -an(→) n stick or pole used for carrying s.t. hanging by holding on to each end. ka- n person with whom one carries s.t. or shares sorrows and joys. dayungyung v [B6; c1] be hanging down loosely over the face. Gipadayungyung níya ang íyang buhuk (kálù), She let her hair (hat) cover her face. Dga. abbreviation for dalága, unmarried woman. di n letter D. dì = dílì. di- prefix, usually followed by nouns of Spanish origin. {1} having a [noun] where it is s.t. special to have one. Púru dikutsi ang ámung silíngan, Our neighbors all have cars. Diamirkána pa ba diay muadtug upisína? You mean to say they wear jackets to the office? Diayskrim giyud ang ámung pabugnaw, We had refreshments with ice cream. {2} characterized by having being made of [noun]. Sapátus digúma, Rubber shoes. Kísu dibúla, Cheese shaped like balls. Dialta ílang mga amígu, Their friends are high society. Manuk dirása, Special breed of chicken. {3} having [noun] as a source of motion. Plantsa dikuryinti, Electric iron. Makina dimánu, dipiyi, Hand-, foot-operated machine. Dinútang pagtukar, Playing from the notes. Ripling dirapidu, dibumba, Automatic, air rifle. {4} intended for the use of [noun]. Rilu dipulsu, dibulsa, A wrist, pocket watch. Tráhi dibayli, Dancing costume. Bapur digíra, Warship. Trák dipasahíru, Passenger bus. {5} -kampanilya {a} abugádu -kampanilya first class lawyer (one that calls his helpers with a bell). {b} anything high class. Dikampanilya na kanang pamilyáha, That family is high class. {6} -kumbáti nga parul, sugà barn lantern. día = adía. diadtu {1} = didtu. {2} = niadtu. see kadtu (dialectal). dialta see alta. dialtamar see alta. diánà {1} = dihà. {2} = niánà. see kanà_1 (dialectal). diáni = niáni. see kini_1. diay {1} particle indicating speaker has received new information. {1a} making a statement of new information a question: ‘so, [such-and-such] is the case, is it?’ Mau diay nay hitsúra sa salíkan, So, is that what a hammerhead shark looks like? Lítu diay ímung ngálan, Oh, so your name is Lito, is it? Diay? Musúkul ka diay, So you want to rebel, do you? {1b} I see that, ... as it turns out ... Namatikdan aku níya kay diay wà matúlug, He noticed me as he wasn’t asleep after all. Maáyu ka man diay nga mulútù, I see you cook well. {1c} You mean to say [so-and-so] is going to happen? Mutan-aw diay kag sini bisag way kwarta, You mean to say you’re going to the movies even though you haven’t got any money? — ba? Is that so? Diay ba? Ingun kug nabayran ku na nà, Is that so? I thought I had already paid it. {2} in questions with an interrogative. {2a} particle indicating deep curiosity. Ása man diay ka, Nang? Where are you going, Ma’am? {2b} if it isn’t [predicate], what (where, etc.) is it then? Ug dílì kini, unsa man diay? Which one is it then if it is not this one? {2c} of course, what else (where else, who else, etc.) could it be? Unsa man diay ug dílì asúkar mauy ibutang sa kapi, Of course, what else do you put in coffee except sugar? {3} particle indicating that the speaker realizes s.t. about which he was previously unaware or pointing out s.t. to the interlocutor. Kanà giyud diay ákung dad-un, Oh, yes, that I will take along for sure. Aku diay, wà ku tagái, What about me? You didn’t give me any. Unsay way sapátus? Ag ímung putì diay? What do you mean, you don’t have shoes? How about your white ones? ísà, úsà pa — excuse me (bringing up a new topic). Ísà pa diay, nakapamahaw ka na? Excuse me. Have you had your breakfast yet? {4} particle in statement correcting oneself. Upat, aw, lima diay. Four, oh, I mean five. díbal a in utter disarray, noisy confusion. Díbal kaáyu ang ákung hunàhúnà, My thoughts are all in disarray. v [APB4; b6] be in utter disarray, confusion. Mudíbal ang tibuuk syudad sa tungang gabíi sa Bag-ung Túig, The whole city is noisily chaotic at midnight, New Year’s Eve. Nagkadíbal na ang kwartu, dúgayng way limpiyu, The room is in complete chaos because it hasn’t been cleaned in ages. dibaldi v [A; c16] fail to compensate s.o. for his services or efforts. Wà nákù dibaldíha (idibaldi) ang ímung kahágù kay gibayran tikaw, I gave you s.t. for your effort. I paid you. díban n divan. dibáti n debate, argument. v [AC; ab3] debate, argue about s.t. Dì ni nátù kinahanglang dibatíhun (dibatíhan), It’s not necessary for us to make an argument out of this (argue about this). -sta debater. v [B16; a] be, make into a debater. dibaydibay v [A] {1} do division. {2} divide s.t. up. Dibaydibaya ninyu kining kík, Divide this cake among yourselves. n inheritance (slang). Maáyu siyang pangasaw-un kay dakù nag dibaydibay, Marry her because she is going to come into a large inheritance. dibaydir n {1} room divider. {2} an instrument for dividing s.t. dibayid = dibaydibay. dibidind n dividend. dibidindu n {1} dividend. {2} one’s children (humorous). dibílap v {1} [A; c1] develop a picture from a negative. {2} [B26; aP] for love to develop. {3} [A; a] compose an essay. Padibilápun mig tím, We have been told to write themes. {4} [B12; a12] develop, grow big. Wà pa madibílap ang Maktan, Mactan hasn’t grown very much yet. dibilapir n {1} real estate developer. {2} chemical developer for photographs. dibílup = dibílap. dibirsiyun n diversion, recreation. v [A] have some recreation. dibisiyun n {1} division, branch of government or business. {2} partition, compartment. {3} division in an army. v [A; b6(1)] put up a partition or division.† dibisyun n division in mathematics. v [A] do division. dibítir n debater. dibu n debut in high society. v [A1; b6] have, give a debut. dibúhu v [A; a] draw, make a design. n drawing, design. dibuhista n artist, designer. dibultu = ribultu. dibumba see bumba_2. dibursiyáda, dibursiyádu n divorced person. dibursiyu n divorce. v [C; b1] divorce, get a divorce. dibusiyun n devotion to a saint. v [A1; b6] have a devotion to a saint. Magdibusiyun ku kang San Húdas Tadíyu arun ku maminyù, I’ll have a devotion to St. Jude so that I can get married. dibutanti n debutante. dibútu, dibútus {1} = dibusiyun. {2} religious devotee. Sa Byirnis mangaláwat ang mga dibútu sa Mahal nga Birhin, On Friday the devotees of the Blessed Virgin will take communion. dibuynas = buynas. didak v [AN; b6] deduct from a salary or grade. Gididakan ímung swildu, grádu, They deducted some from your salary, grade. didaksiyun n amount deducted from grades or salary. v [A; b6] make a deduction. didal n thimble. v [A; c] use a thimble. didbul n {1} dead ball, when the ball in a ball game is not in play or when the game is at a stop due to a referee’s call. {2} killed violently, dead (slang). Didbul ka na, matúna ka, Now you’re dead, you thug, you. v {1} [B16; a12] be a dead ball. {2} [B126; a1] be a goner, dead. dídi v [A; a2] suckle the breast (children’s talk). Mudídi na si Dyingdying, Jingjing wants to take the titty now. dìdì v [A; b6] cut a slit in s.t. Gidìdían níyang sáku arun makakuhà siyag bugas, He cut a slit in the sack so he could get some rice. Dìdíi lang ang hubag ug gamay, Cut a small incision into the boil. didikisyun n dedication of a song or other entertainment to s.o. v [A; b6] dedicate s.t. to s.o. didikit v {1} [A; c] dedicate a song, poem, entertainment to s.o. Kining awíta ámung ididikit sa átung halangdun bisíta, We dedicate this song to our honored guest. {2} [A; b6] masturbate (humorous slang). Nahugù siya sa hinubra níyang pagdidikit, He got thin from masturbating too much (making too many dedications). didiyut = diriyut. see diyut. didlayin n deadline. v [b6] set a deadline to s.t. didtu {1} there (far from speaker, far from addressee). Didtu ibutang, Put it over there. Didtu níya ibutang, She put it there. Ug didtu siya, nagpaábut ni Maríya, And there he was waiting for Mary. {1a} — nga [noun]-a in that [noun] as opposed to other places. Didtung baláya siya mamatay, He died in that house. {2} there (at a point in time in the past). Didtu ku makat-un sa paghigugma níya, It was then I learned to love him. {3} —y there was, there were. Didtuy táwu sa asíras, There was s.o. there on the sidewalk. diduksiyun = didaksiyun. didúsu = dudúsu. see dúda. díga v [A; b6] {1} ask for a definite answer to a proposal. Digáhan ku siya sa ámung sábut, I’m going to ask for his final answer to our agreement. {2} speak to a woman about love. Gidigáhan sa tigúlang ang dalága, The old man declared his love to the girl. {3} [A2; c1] lay one’s cards (mahjong pieces) open to determine who wins. Digáhan tikaw. Duha kuy king, I’ll see you. I’ve got two kings. n action of asking for an answer, laying open the cards. dig-ab = dug-ab. digámu v [A; ac2] prepare a meal. Akuy digámu sa pamáhaw, I’ll prepare breakfast. -in- n prepared food. digása n stiff cotton gauze fabric out of which butterfly-sleeve kamísa’s and panyulítu’s are made. digastu a {1} for one’s personal, not business, use. Digastu ning dyípa, dílì dipasahíru, This jeep is for family use, not for passengers. {2} one who fails to get married and stays home doing chores (reserved for family use) (humorous). v [B126; c16] become an old maid around the house. digkit = díkit. digmì v = bignì. dignidad n dignity. dígù v {1} [A; a] bathe s.o. Nakadígù ka na ba sa irù? Have you bathed the dog? Digúun ku siya sa ákung mga haluk, I will bathe him with my kisses. {2} [a3] be bathed in sweat, blood, etc. Nadígù siya sa singut, He is bathed in sweat. (→) n {1} way — not having had a bath. Way digù ning batáa, pan-us, This child smells. He hasn’t had a bath. {2} medicinal preparation with which one bathes. {2a} one’s favorite drink (slang). ‘Muinum kag tubà?’—‘Inum? Mauy ákung digù,’ ‘Do you drink coconut palm toddy?’—‘Do I drink toddy? I bathe in it.’ -un n {1} impurities on a newborn baby which are washed off by bathing. {2} convalescing patient about to take his first bath. dígum n colored black all over. digwà v [A3; c6] retch, vomit a small amount. Midigwà aku sa kabahù, I retched due to the foul odor. digwat = ligwat. digyas = duyas. digyù a small in size. Digyù nga bátà, A small child. v {1} [B; b6] become small. Ang ayruplánu nagkadigyù samtang nagkalayù, The plane got smaller as it got further and further away. {2} [A; a1] break s.t. up into small pieces. Gidigyù níya ang kík álang sa íyang mga anak, She divided the cake up into small portions among her children. -um- a tending to run small. Dumigyù silag kalíwat, Their family tends to be small in stature. digyut see diyut. dihà {1a} there (near addressee, far from speaker). Dihà ibutang, Put it down right there. Dihà tu nímu, You had it. (It was there.) {1b} there (not far and not near). Unsa man ang náa dihà sa unáhan? What is that up there ahead? {1c} there (at a place just referred to in a narration). Ug ang báka miluksu sa búlan, nag-unsa man siya dihà? If the cow jumped over the moon what was she doing there? {1d} kumusta ka — How are you? sábà — {a} Shut up! {b} Stop your kidding. Bà dihà. Kumidya ka man dà, Come on, you’re kidding. {1e} — nga [noun]-a in this part of the [noun] (as contrasted with other places). Dihang dapíta siya ilubung, He is buried in that place. {2} —y there was. Dihay táwu nangítà nímu, S.o. was looking for you. — ka lang, ra you stay there. {3} then (at a point not far the past). Nag-ípun kami, ug dihà ku mahibalu kun unsay kalípay, We lived together, and that’s when I learned what happiness was. Dihà pa siya makaamgu nga..., Only at that point did he realize that.... — nga plus [clause] when [so-and-so] happened. Sa dihang miabut ang amahan, nangahílum sila, When the father arrived, they became quiet. dihàdihà {1} instant, ready at all times. Ang linabhan malimpyu sa dihàdihang gahum sa Tayid, The instant power of Tide will clean the wash. {2} right then and there. Dihàdihà dáyun, Right then and there. v [A12; a12] do s.t. right then and there. Dílì ka makadihàdihà ug dáwat sa báyad, You cannot receive your payment right then and there. dihádu {1} negligent, careless of one’s things. Dihádu siya sa íyang mga butang. Bisag ása lang byái, He is very negligent with his things. He leaves them anywhere at all. Dihádu siya nga magbantay sa bátà, mau nga magkahulughulug, He is negligent in watching the child. That’s why it keeps falling. {2} less-favored bet. Ang dihádung tíkit mauy nakadaug, The least-favored ticket won. {2a} unpopular, not much bought. Ang simintu nga gíkan sa Danaw dihádu karun, Danao-produced cement is not popular now. {3} guitar accompaniment to extemporaneous folk songs, sung in a set pattern, where beats are left out at the points where the words don’t fit the music exactly. Dihádung dúyug nga gawía ug magbalítaw, Use a free accompaniment for the balítaw. v {1} [B] get to be negligent, less favored. {2} [A; c1] play a guitar in a dihádu style. díhin gúli needing a bath (slang—word play on pidgin Tagalog hindì lígù). Nanimáhù siya, díhin gúli man gud, He smells because he needs a bath. díhug v {1} [A; c] rub, spread s.t. over an area. Líug nga dihúgan ug agwa, Neck with perfume applied to it. Ispirma ang idíhug sa plansa, Rub wax over the iron. {2} annoint. -in- n s.o. annointed to assume a God-ordained position. diin_1 {1} where (past)? Diin man nímu ibutang ag ákung kálù? Where did you put my hat? — nga [noun]-a in which [noun] of several. Diing siníha sila manan-aw? Which movie did they go to? {2} which one of the several places or things. Diin man íning duha íyang gipílì? Which of these two did he select? {3} where (relative). Mau nà ang lungsud diin misurindir ang mga sundálu, That is the town where the soldiers surrendered. diindíin v [B125; a12] be at, go or travel to several places. Nadiindíin (nahadiindíin) ku ug langyaw, wà kuy nakítang ingun, I have travelled everywhere, but I have never seen the like. Diindiínun kug dúaw básin pag makit-an ku si Bíbing, I will travel any and everywhere so I might find Bebing. Nagkadiindíin kug búlung nímu. Diin man ka? I’ve been everywhere looking for you. Where were you? diin_2 n the end of a movie, interview, stage-play. Layù pa ba ang diin niíni? Is it still long to the end? v [B2] come to the end. diíni = niíni. see kini. dík n word used to call pigs. v [A; a12] call a pig. dikabra see bára. dikakaw n variety of croton (kalípay). dikampána n {1} bell-bottom pants. {2} bell-shaped sleeves. v [A; a12] wear, make bell-bottom pants, bell-shaped sleeves. dikánu n dean. *diki, *dikì walay — a easy to please, not tending to have objection. Way diking agálun, An employer who is easy to please. Wà kuy dikì kun kinsay íyang pangasaw-un, I won’t raise any objections to whoever he chooses for his wife. dikìdíki, dikìdíkì v [AP; b6] put up a pretense of not liking s.t. Nagdikidíki (nagpadikidíki) uruy, balubálu gustu, He pretends he doesn’t want to, when actually he does. díki n dike. dikit n {1} hip of a roof. {2} the material which covers the hip. -an = dikit. v [A; c] cover the space between the upper edges of a roof and the hip. díkit v [A2C; c1] be close so as to touch, put s.t. close to touch it. Nagdíkit ang masig ka áping níla samtang nagsáyaw, Their cheeks touched while they were dancing. Dikíta (idíkit) pagpahilúnà ang mga silya, Place the chairs so that they are close to each other. diklamar v [A; c1] declaim. diklamasiyun n declamation. diklarar v [A; c] make a formal statement: declare, testify. Midiklarar ang saksi nga kítà giyud níya, The witness testified that he saw it. Wà pa idiklarar nga pista upisyal, It hasn’t been declared as a public holiday. diklarasiyun n {1} declaration, formal statement. Diklarasiyun sa tistígus, The witness’s testimony. Diklarasiyun sa gíra, Declaration of war. {2} tax declaration on land. Wà ku kabayri ang ákung diklarasiyun, I haven’t paid my land tax yet. diklim = diklamar. diklímir n declaimer. diklimisyun = diklamasiyun. dikstrus n dextrose. v [A; b5] administer dextrose to s.o. Kinahanglang dikstrúsun (dikstrúsan), Dextrose must be administered to him. diksiyunaryu n dictionary. v [A1; a12] make a dictionary. dikta = diktǎr. diktadur n dictator. v [B1] be, become a dictator. -íya n dictatorship. diktadúra = diktadur (female). diktǎr v [A; c] {1} dictate for transcription. {2} dictate, impose one’s will on. Wà kay katungud sa pagdiktǎr kinsay pilíun, You have no right to dictate who to choose. dikulúris n word of greeting among people who have gone through the kursilyu, as a sign of peace. díkun n deacon. v [B16; a2] be, become a deacon. dikurar v [A; b6(1)] decorate. Gidikurahan námù ang káru pára sa prusisiyun, We decorated the carriage for the religious procession. dikurasiyun n decoration. v = dikurar. dikurisyun = dikurasiyun. see dikurar. dílà n {1} tongue. Dílà ra ang way labud, Thoroughly whipped (lit. only the tongue escaped welts). balhibuun ug — being a gossiper. itumun ug — having a black spot on the tongue as a sign of being a buyagan (a person whose praises inflict illness). {2} language. — nga kaláyu n Holy Spirit in the form of tongues of fire. — sa irù = dilàdílà sa irù. dilàdílà n {1} reed of a wind musical instrument. {2} dilàdílà sa sapátus tongue of the shoes. dilàdílà sa irù name given to two species of hairy herbs with medicinal uses: Elephantopus mollis and E. spicatus. diláab v [A2S; b6] {1} for a fire to be blazing. Atup nga gidilaában sa káyu, Roof that was licked by the flames that flared up. {2} for emotions to become intense. Nagdilaab ang mata ni Lasarus sa kapungut, Lazarus’ eyes flamed with anger. n flaring of fire, emotions. dilabári n k.o. syrup used to rub against the gum of a teething baby (from the brand named Delabarre). dilamíta = dinamíta. dilána n wool, woolen. v [A] wear woolen clothing. dilantádu = adilantádu. dilantar = adilantu. dilantáwu v [A; c1] pay in advance, make an initial partial amount. n advance or initial payment. dilantíra a {1} toward the front of s.t. {2} having a frontage on a place where people pass. Ang ílang balay dilantíra kaáyu sa kalsáda, Their house has a good frontage on the road. v [B1256] get to have frontage, move toward the front. pa- v [A; c] take a place at the front. Padilantiráha (ipadilantíra) siyag lingkud, Let her sit to the front. dilantu = adilantu. dilap v [A2; b6] for fire to catch on to s.t. Nadilapan sa sugà ang ákung kílay, The flames from the lamp singed my eyebrows. dilatar v [A13P; bc] delay. Ayaw idilatar ang pagbáyad, Don’t delay payment. dílì short form: dì {1} no, not (negates predicates with heads consisting of future verbs, nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns). Dílì ku muadtu, I won’t go. Dílì si Hwan, siya, It wasn’t John, him. Dílì pula, It’s not red. Dílì ingun nátù, Supernatural being (lit. not like us). {1a} with second person pronoun and verb with mag- active affix or pag- plus passive form: don’t ever do. Dílì mu paghilabtan, Don’t ever, ever touch it. Dì ka maglakaw, Don’t you leave. {1b} don’t want, like. Dì ka ba áni? Don’t you like this? {1b1} — ku bi expression used jokingly in accepting s.t. offered. (Lit. I don’t want any, please let me have some.) ‘Gustu kag kík?’—‘Dì ku bi’, ‘You want any cake?’—‘No thanks, please.’ {1c} — ba tag question: Isn’t it so? Dílì ba human na man ni? Wasn’t this already done? Muadtu ka, dì ba? You’re going, aren’t you? {1d} — ba or, alternatively [so-and-so] is the case. Manini ta, dì ba mangnayit klab, Let’s go to the movies or to a night club. Pábu, dì ba ítik ang ákung ihátag, I’ll give him either a turkey or a duck. (see also dílì ba under dílì, 3) {2a} following an interrogative plus pa: if not. Ása pa man nà hipúsa dì anhà dihà sa paradur, Where the hell are you going to put it if not in the cabinet. Kinsa pa man diay dì ikaw? Who else if not you? {2b} kun — = dílì, 2a. {2c} — kay ... kun — not just ... but ... Dì lang kay inum-ínum kun dílì ínum giyud, Not just a drink, it was a spree. Dì kay ikaw lang, kun dílì si Husi pud, Not just you, Jose did, too. (Also without kay and/or kun dílì: Dílì lang inum-ínum kun dílì ínum giyud. or Dílì lang inum-ínum, ínum giyud.) {3} therefore, [so-and-so] was inescapable. Namugus man, dílì gihátag lang nákù, He insisted, so of course, I gave it to him. — ba don’t you think the consequence will be. Sígi hilabti nà dì ba latiguhun tika, Go ahead, touch it. See if I don’t hit you. v [A; ab3] refuse. Midílì siya sa pagkanta, She refused to sing. Unsay gidilían nímu? Why do you refuse? mu rag naka-, maka- ug bahù refuse s.t. with all one’s heart and soul. Mu ra man kag nakadílig bahù sa trabáhung giuprisir nímu, Why did you refuse absolutely the job you were offered? n mu rag naghatud ug — make one’s visit short (from the notion that when a person asks for a woman’s hand, if the parents refuse, they send the single word dílì to the door and the visit ends then and there). Kadalì gud nímu. Mu ra ka mag naghatud ug dílì, Why are you going so fast. Your visit was so short. (→) v [A; c] prohibit. Dì ku makagdilì nímu, I cannot forbid you. Ginadilì ang pagpangíhì dinhi, It is forbidden to urinate here. did-an [subject] may s.t. happen to [subject] (Lit. It is not forbidden for [subject] to ...). Kusug manunglu, did-an ug siyay mamatay, He sure likes to curse. I wish he were dead. ‘Paúlì kung Máma.’—‘Did-an ka?’ ‘I’m going home to Mother.’—‘Who’s stopping you?’ padilìdílì v [A; b6] pretend to refuse. Nagpadilìdílì uruy, labun gustu, She’s putting on a show of refusing but she wants some. -um- v [A2S; c] {1} = dílì. {2} object to doing s.t. Nagdumílì na ang mga táwu pagbáyad sa tantung kamahal, The people object to paying such an outrageous price. dilíbir v [A; c] deliver, bring s.t. s.w. dilibiri buy n delivery boy. diligádu n delegate to a convention. v [B1256] be a delegate. diligar v [A; c] delegate work, responsibility (on or to). Gidiligahan ka sa pag-atiman sa mga bátà, You’re entrusted with taking care of the children. diligasiyun, diligisyun n delegation. dilihinsiya n protection money demanded to avoid harm. v [A; b6] {1} collect protection money. Hínay pag pamasahíru dúna pay mudilihinsya nátù, We get only a few passengers, and to make matters worse, there are people who mulct us. {2} ask money from parents (slang). Mudilihinsya pa kung Pápa pára ipanini, I’ll ask Father for some money to go to the movies. dilikáda = dilikádu (female). dilikadísa n good sense of propriety. Way dilikadísa. Nagdigúma lang sa simbahan, He has no sense of propriety. He just wears rubber shoes to church. dilikádu a {1} perilous, in danger. Dilikádu ang íyang kahimtang. Háyan mamatay, His condition is serious. He will probably die. {2} needing careful handling. Dilikádu ang súd íning kartun, The contents of this cardboard box are fragile. Dilikádu kaáyu ang kásu nga ímung giatúbang, The case you are involved in is a delicate one. {3} finicky, choosy about one’s things or what one has about him. Dilikádu ku sa pagkáun, pamisti, ug sa ákung mga butang, I’m choosy about my food, how I dress myself, about my things. v [B12; b5] be unsafe, in danger. dilikinti a touchy, likely to take offense easily. Dilikinti. Dì makaagwanta ug kumidiya, He’s touchy. He can’t take jokes. v [B12] be touchy. dilinyadur n draftsman, instrument for drafting. v [B156; a12] be a draftsman. dilinyanti n draftsman. dílir n {1} trader, dealer in goods. {2} dealer in card games or mahjong. v [B1] get to be a dealer, the dealer. diliryu n delirium. v [B146; a4] be in delirium. Nagdiliryu (gidiliryu) siya, He was in a delirium. dilitayim n daily time record. — ríkurd = dilitayim. dilítu n evidence of a crime. v [A; c6] present as evidence. dilútu a diligent in what one is doing. Dílì siya dilútu sa íyang pagtuun, He is not diligent in his studies. v [A; bc1] engage in s.t. diligently and religiously. Dilutúhi ang patigáyun arun muuswag, Run the business with industry so that it will prosper. dilyábi n k.o. garfish. dím a dim. v [AB; c1] for lights to become dim. dimálas (not without l) n bad luck. a unlucky. Dimálas kaáyu nang tawhána, That man is very unlucky. — lang too bad, tough luck. Dimálas ka lang. Wà giyuy musugut nímu, Tough luck. Nobody accepted you. v [B12; a4S] be unlucky. Nadimálas lang ang ákung kwarta nga niabay kug pusta nímu, I had bad luck with my money when I joined in your bet. Gidimalas giyud ku run, I am very unlucky. -un(→) a bringing bad luck. dimanda v [A2; c6] {1} sue s.o. in court. Gidimanda siya kay wà mubáyad, She was sued because she wouldn’t pay. {2} [A; a] make a demand. Gidimandáhan ang Israil sa pagsíbug, They demanded that Israel withdraw. n demands. Ang dimanda sa mga radikal, The demands of the radicals. dimangga n variety of crotons (kalípay) with mango-like leaves, lanceolate green to yellowish blotches and a red midrib. dimánu_1 v [A2; c] turn right. Mudimánu ta pag-abut sa iskína, We turn right when we reach the corner. dimánu_2 n powered by hand machine. dímas = rímas. *dimáu walà, dílì magka- be all wrong, incorrect. Wà magkadimáu ímung ági, Your work is all wrong. Ug dílì magkadimáung pagkatahì, átung ipausab, If she sewed it all wrong, we will have her do it again. dimdim v {1} [A2; a2] experience a certain feeling for the first time. Gustu kung mudimdim sa katam-is sa ímung ngábil, I would like to taste the sweetness of your lips. {2} [A; a] taste a liquid. Dimdími ring tubà, Take a taste of this toddy. dimírit n demerit in military training. v {1} [A; b(1)] give demerits. Mudimírit ang kumandanti ug walay tupi ang kadíti, The commandant gives demerits to cadets who need a haircut. {2} [A12] get a demerit. dimisiyun n resignation from a position. Ang dimisiyun sa mga mimbru sa gabiníti, The resignation of the cabinet members. dimitir v [A; c2] resign, quit a job. Mudimitir (magdimitir) ku pagkamaistra, I will resign from my teaching job. dimitudu n s.t. done by s.o. according to the book; methodical. Kanang íyang sinayawan dimitudu gayud, He dances by the numbers. dimúdu so, therefore. Giingnan kang dílì magsábà. Dimúdu maghílum ka, You were told not to make noise. So, keep quiet. dimukrasya n democracy. dimukrata n democrat. {a} a believer of the principles of democracy. {b} a member of the former Democratic Party of the Philippines. v [B56] be a member of the Democratic Party. dimukratika = dimukratiku (female). dimukratiku a democratic, allowing people freedom of action. dimul_1 v {1} [A; c6] have a little taste of s.t. (slang). Mudimul kug gamay ánang ímung tubà, Let me have a taste of your palm toddy. {2} [A; a2] obtain s.t. from s.o. (slang). Mudimul kung Nánay ug písus ipanini, I’m going to get one peso from Mother for the movies. {3} = dímul, 2. dimul_2 n bad luck (slang). v [B12; a] bring bad luck to s.o., be unlucky. dimul_3 n in music, a change from one key to another or from a major chord to the minor chord. Lisud duyúgang kantáha daghang dimul, The accompaniment of the song is difficult, it has so many changes in chords. v [A23; c1] change the key or from major to minor chords in musical accompaniment. Dihà sa kúrus idimul, Change chords at the refrain of the song. dímul v {1} [A; c1] play a musical instrument with the fingers. Maáyu siya mukaskas ug mudímul usab, He strums chords well and plays notes as well. {2} [A; c1] swipe, steal (slang). Kinsay midímul sa ákung bulpin? Who swiped my ball point pen? Gidímul ang tanan, hasta ang karsúnis dunut, Everything was stolen, even his worn out pants. dimungkug n {1} expression of disgust or dismay: darn! (euphemism for dimunyu). Dimungkug! Níay bisítag wà tay sud-an, Darn! We don’t have a thing to eat, and here we have visitors! {2} term of address used as a mild reprimand with affectionate overtones. Dimungkug nímu uy. Namíyà ka man lang! You little devil! You just left me at the party! v [A; a] say dimungkug to s.o. dimunstradur n demonstrators, participants in a public show of opinion. v [B16] be a demonstrator. dimunstrasiyun n {1} display of athletics or gymnastics. {2} strike, public show of opinion. {3} demonstration, display of how s.t. is done or works. v [A1; b3] demonstrate, give a show of opinion. Nagdimunstrasiyun na sad sa iskuylahan. Unsa na puy gidimunstrasiyunan run? They are having a demonstration again at the school. What are they demonstrating about this time? dimunstrit v = dimunstrasiyun, v. dimuntris = dimungkug. dimunyu n {1} demon, devil. Unsang dimunyúha ang nasulud sa ímung úlu? What sort of devil has gotten into your head? {2} person or thing regarded as evil, cruel, etc. Hubug ka na sad dimunyúha ka, You’re drunk again, you devil. {3} curse word used as an expression of extreme frustration or anger at s.o. Dimunyu. Ímu na sang gibálì nà, Damn you! You broke it again! v [B126; b6] be, become a devil in one’s looks or manners, etc. dimusdímus v [A; ab2] shower s.o. or s.t. with kisses. Midimusdímus siyag haluk sa íyang anak, She showered kisses on her child. dinágum see dágum. dinamíta n dynamite. v [A; a] dynamite s.t. dinamitíru n one who uses dynamite, most commonly a dynamite fisherman. dinamitáhan n fish caught by dynamite. dingag v [B1; b6] be carelessly inattentive in doing s.t. Nagdingag ka lang nga nagbantay sa tindáhan. Mau nga gikawátan, You were not watching the store carefully. That’s why you were robbed. -un a carelessly inattentive. dingas a {1} careless, not keeping one’s mind on what one is doing. Dingas kaáyu siyang milabang. Diriyut hiligsi, She wasn’t watching what she was doing when she crossed the street. She was nearly run over. {2} natural phenomenon which makes its appearance at an unusual time (poetic usage). Usa ka dingas nga ulan, An unseasonable rainshower. díngat, díngaw v [A; c1] look all around in restlessness, curiosity. Mudíngat lang ang nawung sa bukidnun inighilugsung sa syudad, The mountaineers look everywhere in wonderment when they come to the city. Dílì magdíngat sa nawung sa simbahan, Don’t keep looking around when you are in church. (→) a inattentive and looking in every direction. dingding_1 n {1} wall. {2} side covers of any box-like thing. v [A1; c1] enclose, make into a wall. dingding_2 a for a woman to be delicately refined. Sáma kadingding sa usa ka búlak, As delicate as a flower. v [B] be, become delicately refined. dinghal v [A3P; c16] let one’s tongue hang out, esp. when panting. Nagdinghal ang irù tungud sa kaínit, The dog’s tongue is hanging out because of the heat. a always having the tongue hanging out. Dinghal nga kulangù, An idiot with his tongue hanging out. dingíli = danghili. dinguldingul, dinguldíngul v [AP; b(1)] pretend not to notice, hear. Magpadinguldíngul (magdinguldíngul) kun sugúun, She pretends not to hear when we tell her to do s.t. dinhà = dihà. dinhi {1} here (near speaker and hearer). Dinhi ta magtindug, Let’s stand here. Dinhi siya higdà, He slept here. Nía ba siya dinhi? Is he here? — nga [noun] in this part of the [noun] (as contrasted with others). Dinhing bungtúra matupà ang ayruplánu, It was on this hill that the plane crashed. {2} —y there was (were) here. Dinhiy táwu nangítà níya, There was s.o. here looking for him. {3} sa — in former times. Sa dinhi, sa dátù pa na sila, ... In former times, when they were rich, ... diníru n {1} money, s.t. to be spent. Daghan siyag diníru, He’s got lots of money. {2} full payment in cash. mutsu — having lots of money. Mutsu diníru ku run, I’m rich today. v {1} [A12; a12] get hold of money. Makadiníru ta ánà, We can get money from that. Unsay átung dinirúhun, wà man kuy pangítà? What money could I have when I have no job? {2} [A; bc1] pay cash. Ug ímung idiníru (dinirúhun), bubaratu giyud, If you pay cash, it’s cheaper. dintist, dintista n dentist. v [B16; a] become, make into a dentist. dintistri n dentistry. dintru = kamísa dintru. dinuminasiyun n {1} denomination of money. {2} denomination of a religious sect. díp n dip in ballroom dancing. v [A2; c] execute a dip. dipalíta a {1} affording a square hit. Ang lagsaw dipalíta kaáyu diri nákù, The deer is where I can hit it squarely. {2} be hit squarely. Ang Manílà dipalítang pagkaigù sa bagyu, Manila was hit squarely by the storm. {3} enormous in quantity or intensity. Dipalíta ang káun sa pista sa íla, The food was available in huge quantities at their house during the fiesta. v {1} [a12] be hit squarely. Ug madipalíta gánì kag kaigù, mamatay ka, If you are hit squarely, you’ll die. {2} [B126; c1] get to be enormous in quantity. dipapil n {1} doing things in a pedantic way, strictly according to what is written. {2} notorious in some vice. Palahúbug nga dipapil, A professional drunk. v [A; a] do s.t. strictly according to what is written. Kining kantáha dipapila giyud, ayg ridúha, Sing this strictly according to the notes. Don’t go singing your own version. dipara, diparal, diparar v {1} [A12; b8] notice, become aware of s.t. Hidiparahan ku siyang nangilù nímu, I noticed him winking at you. [A; a12] {2} pay attention to, mind. Walà ku magdiparar sa íyang mga bagulbul, I did not pay attention to his grumblings. {3} watch over, take care. Diparaha ang binlad nga dílì kan-un sa manuk, Watch the corn that the chickens don’t eat it. {4} focus one’s attention on (literary usage). Gidiparal ku ang bag-u kung kalibútan, I put my attention to this world that was new to me. dipartamintu n department, division of an office. dipásit = dipusitu, v 1, 2, 3, 4; n 4. dipdip v [A; a] cut s.t. close to the base. Dipdípi ang tingkuy, Cut the hair at the nape short. Ug dipdípun ang sagbut háyan mamatay, If you cut the grass short, it will die. dipi = dipyí. see pyí. dip-ig v [AC; c] put s.t. with some height close to s.t. else so that it is touching or nearly touching. Ayaw kug dip-ígig lingkud, Don’t take a seat right next to me. Idip-ig ang lamísa sa bungbung, Move the table against the wall. dipiktádu = dipiktúsu. see dipiktu. dipiktu n defect. v [A12] the thing that’s wrong. Ang nakadipiktu nímu kay mugib-ap ka lang dáyun, What’s wrong with you is that you give up right away. -su a defective, have s.t. wrong with it. v [B12; a] be, become defective. Laina ang dunut nga mangga kay madipiktúsu unyà ang ubang maáyu, Separate the rotten mangoes because they might spoil the good ones. dipindi it depends on whether [so-and-so] is the case. Dipindi ug dì muulan, muadtu ta, It depends. If it doesn’t rain we will go. dipindǐr_1 v [A; c] {1} take sides in an argument, defend in a court case. Dikampanilya giyud ang mudipindǐr nákù, A first-rate lawyer will defend me. Wà kuy dipindihan ánang awáya, I won’t take sides in this quarrel. {2} uphold one’s honor. Dipindihi ang ímung pagkababáyi, Defend your chastity. {3} defend, protect. Kining pistúla ákung idipindǐr sa ákung kinabúhì, I’ll defend my life with this pistol. dipindǐr_2 v [A; b6] depend on s.o. for maintenance or support. Kun maminyù nà, dì na mudipindǐr sa mga ginikánan, When one is married, he mustn’t depend on his parents for support. Mauy ákung gidipindihan ang íyang sáad sa pagtábang, I was depending on the help he had promised. dipinsa n {1} instrument for defending. {2} barrier that serves to protect a structure. Dipinsa sa awtu, Bumper of the car. {2a} pilings against a wharf. {3} argument prepared in defense. v {1} [A; b] defend, protect. Gidipinsáhan ku lang ang ákung anak, I was protecting my child. {2} [b] provide with a protective structure. {3} [A; b] defend with an argument. Abugádu nga midipinsa níya, The lawyer that defended him. dipirinsiya a different from what is expected. Dipirinsiya na run ang íyang panlíhuk, Her ways are very different nowadays. n {1} difference. Dipirinsiya ug dus písus ang prisyu dinhi kay sa didtu, The price here is two pesos more than there. {2} quarrel. Husáya ang inyung dipirinsiya, Settle your quarrels. {3} defect. Unsa may dipirinsiya nga dì mudágan? What’s wrong with it that it won’t run? v {1} [B] be, become different. Wà na magdipirinsiya ang pamisti sa babáyi ug laláki karun, Women’s and men’s clothing don’t differ any more. {2} [C; b3] {1} have a quarrel, misunderstanding. Magkadipirinsiya giyud usáhay ang magtiáyun, A married couple will always have petty quarrels at times. {3} [B] become defective. † dipísit n deficit, shortage of money. v [B2] have a deficit or shortage of money. dip-it = dip-ig. dipiyi see piyi. diplúma n {1} diploma. 2 one’s child (slang). v [A12] {1} get a diploma. {2} have offspring (slang). diplumasíya, diplumasya n {1} diplomacy. {2} knack of saying s.t. tactful to smooth personal relations. diplumatiku n diplomat. dipluy v [A2; b6] for troops to deploy. diprimíra see primíra. diprinsiya = dipirinsiya. diprisisiyun n depreciation in value. Walà lang diay diprisisiyun? You mean you’re not giving an allowance for depreciation? v [b] give s.t. a lower rate. dipudáta = alipáta. dipudipu = lipulipu. dípung = gípung. dipurt v [A; c] deport. Idipurt unyà ka ug dì ka kabayad sa buhis, You will be deported if you don’t pay your taxes. -asiyun, -isyun n deporting of s.o. dipúsit = dipusitu, v1, 2, 3, 4; n4. dipusitu n {1} place of depositing s.t. Dì maabli ang dipusitu ug dì úras, You can’t open the vault at any odd time. {2} storage tank for water. Dúnay kaugalíngung dipusitu ning baláya, This house has its own water tank. {3} stomach (humorous usage). {4} amount deposited in a bank. {5} deposit on s.t. to be returned. v [A; c] {1} deposit money in the bank. {2} turn over for safekeeping. Gidipusitu níya ang aláhas sa káha di yíru, He deposited the jewelry in the safe. {2a} store s.w. Idipusitu ang mais sa kamarin, Store the corn in the corncrib. {2b} deposit goods, not paid for in full with the loan company when payments cannot be met. Idipusitu na lang nákù ang rilu hangtud makabakpi ku, I will return my watch to the store until such time as I get my backpay. {3} put down a partial payment. Pilay ímung gidipusitu sa makina? How much of a down payment did you make on the sewing machine? {4} make a deposit on s.t. to be returned. {2} defecate (slang). Túa pa sa kasilyas nagdipusitu. He’s still in the bathroom making his deposit. dipusituhánan n {1} = dipusitu, 1, 2. 2 comfort room (slang). diputádu n congressman. v [B156; a] become, make s.o. a congressman. dipwat = ligwat. dirà = niánà, dinhà (dialectal), see kanà, dihà_2. dirámi n {1} leftover food. {2} grains spilled out of a sack at the place where sacks of grain are transported. {3} action of making things in sacks spill out so as to steal them. v {1} [A12; a3] obtain leftover food, be left over. Nakadirámi mig ígù námung gikaun, We obtained enough leftovers for our dinner. Ug madirámi na nà, dalì rang mapan-us, If it is left over, it will get spoiled quickly. {2} [A2; a12] get clothes cast off. Ug makadirámi mi sa ímung bisting biyà, If we can get your castoff clothing. {3} [A; a] steal things in sacks by doing s.t. to make some spill out. Kusug mudirámi sa kupras ang ubang kargadur, Some longshoremen steal plenty of copra. {4} [A; a12] steal part of revenues or goods being moved in trade. Daghan kaáyu ang tinda nga gidirámi niánang tindíra, That storekeeper stole lots of things. diri_1 {1} here, nearer speaker than interlocutor. Día siya diri, He is over here, by me. Diri lingkud, Sit over here. Diri siya lingkud ganína, He was sitting over here a while ago. — nga [noun]-a in this [noun] here, as opposed to others. Diri kung dapíta maigù, I was hit in this place. {2} -y there was over here. Diriy duha ka buuk ganíha, There were two of them here a minute ago. diri_2 n command given to a carabao to make him turn to the left. v [A; b5c1] command the carabao to turn left. dirihir v [A; b6(1)] {1} direct a business, tell s.o. how to do s.t. Kumpaníya nga gidirihian sa usa ka Amirikánu, Company directed by an American. Pilikula nga gidirihian ni Bargas, A movie directed by Vargas. {2} tell s.o. how to get s.w. diriksiyun n {1} direction, management. Kumpaníya ubus sa diriksiyun sa usa ka Amirikánu, Company under the management of an American. {2} instructions for doing s.t., to get to the place. Tumána giyud ang diriksiyun, Follow the directions. {3} direction to a place. Unsay diriksiyun sa sakayan pagkasúgat ninyu? What direction did the boat take when you met? {4} address. Ang diriksiyun sa suwat, The address on the letter. v [A; c] {1} give directions to a place, to do s.t. {2} address a letter s.w. dirikta a {1} frank, speaking to the point. {2} be directly from, go directly to. Radiyu nga ismágul dirikta gíkan sa Hapun, Radios, smuggled directly from Japan. v {1} [A; b5c] go straight to the point, be frank. Diriktáha (diriktáhi) siyag sulti nga wà ka mahigugma níya, Tell her frankly that you don’t love her. {2} [A; ac] go, take s.w. directly. Mudirikta kug adtu sa iskuyláhan, I will go directly to school. Idirikta nà siya sa util, Take her directly to a hotel. {3} [A; c] direct s.o. s.w. Kinsay nagdirikta ninyu nganhi? Who directed you here? {3a} [A; b] direct traffic. Gidiriktahan sa mga buy iskawut ang trápik, The boy scouts directed the traffic. -minti {1} directly, outright. Sultíhi ku diriktaminti, Tell me frankly. Gidilì sa usa ka langyaw ang pagkampanya diriktaminti u indiriktaminti, It is forbidden for foreigners to campaign directly or indirectly. diriktíba n {1} board of directors, the governing body of s.t. {2} directive, general instructions. hunta — n = diriktíba. diriktu = dirikta. diriktǔr n {1} director of a department. {2} director of a play. v [B16; a2] be, become director of a company or play. diriktúri, dirikturyu n telephone directory. diris = tubli. díris n strong, offensive odor of a singgawung (k.o. civet). dir-is n one’s monthly period. v [a4] be menstruating. Gidir-is siya maung gisáput, She is having her period. That’s why she is moody. diritsu {1} directly, straight. Diritsu ngadtu sa syudad, Going directly to the city. {2} directly after s.t. else. Gíkan sa trabáhu, diritsu siyag kalígù, From work he takes a bath directly. hitsu — clothing purchased with the cost of the tailoring included in the price. v {1} [A; b5] do s.t. immediately. Midiritsu siyag tindug, He got up immediately. {2} [A; ac] go, bring s.t. directly s.w. Diritsúha nag kúhà, Go get that directly. Idiritsu siyag paúlì, Bring her home directly. dirúsas v [A12] the only thing that is wrong (humorous euphemism). Mau nay nakadirúsas nímu. Masukù dáyun ka, That’s what’s wrong with you. You get angry right away. Dis. n an abbreviation for Disyimbri ‘December’. dís n fixed desk of the type used in elementary schools, composed of a table top and a folding seat attached to the front. dis-a = diin_1. disapíyu v [C; c1] fight a duel with a sword. n duel. dis-arma v [A; b] disarm. disbár v [A; a1] {1} not allow s.o. to take the bar examination. Nadisbár siya kay nakapaanak, He was not allowed to take the bar because he made a girl pregnant. {2} disbar a lawyer. disdi from [such-and-such] a time on. Disdi pa niadtu, From that time on. disdis = dìdì. disgáyis n disguise. pa- v [A; ac] disguise oneself, s.o. Nagpadisgáyis siyang párì, He disguised himself as a priest. disgrasya n {1} accident, unfortunate in result. Disgrasya ang íyang namatyan, He died in an accident. Disgrasya tung ákung paglakaw kay nakahibálag ku ug isnatsir, I had bad luck when I took my walk because I ran into a purse-snatcher. {2} unexpected, unintended. Disgrasya tung pagkadaúga nákù, My winning was completely unexpected. — nga malíngin very much unexpected, for s.t. to have happened which had a very remote chance of happening. Nakagurdu kug primíru primyu sa swip-istik. Disgrasyang malíngin! I won the first prize in the sweepstakes. How very unexpected that was! v {1} [B123(1)6; b6] meet with an accident. Nakadisgrasya (nadisgrasya) ang dyip, The jeep met with an accident. {1a} [B126] for s.t. to turn out unhappily. {1b} [B126] get lost. Nadisgrasya ang tanan níyang swildu sa súgal, He lost all his money in gambling. {2} [a3b2] have s.t. happen to one unexpectedly. Palit ug tíkit básig disgrasyahan kag gurdu, Buy a ticket, you might just win. {3} [A12; a3] bring a woman into disgrace by making her pregnant. -da n woman who has been disgraced by having a child out of wedlock. v [B126] get disgraced. -du a accident-prone. v [B12] get to be accident-prone. disgustádu a {1} disliking s.o. Disgustádu ku sa ímung naasáwa, I dislike the person you married. {2} be fed up with a situation. Disgustádu ku niíning kinabuhía, I’m fed up with this life. disgustáwu a doing s.t. one dislikes doing. Miadtu ku píru disgustáwu tung pagkaadtúa, I went, but I didn’t want to. disgustu n ill will between two or more persons. Ang ílang disgustu mahitungud sa yútà misangkù sa hukmánan, Their quarrel over the land ended in court. v [C1; b3] be on bad terms. disgwápa, disgwápu v [B126] spoil one’s good looks (humorous slang). Nadisgwápa na lang hinúun nang artistáhun mung nawung sa pagpamaligyag úling, It’s a shame that a person with the face of a movie actress should be selling charcoal. It makes you look so ugly. disi v [B146; b6] be greasy such as to make one’s appetite disappear. Nagdisi ang plátung gihugásag way sabunsábun, The plates are all greasy because they were washed without soap. Nagdisi nga samad, A wound which makes one lose one’s appetite. dísi v [A23] resist efforts vehemently. Bísag giunsa námug gúyud ang bábuy, mudísi giyud dílì musunud, No matter how much we pulled the pig, it resisted and would not follow. disibi = risibi. disidídu a determined, bent on doing s.t. Disidídu na giyud siyang mangasáwa, He is really determined to get married. v [B12; b6] get to be determined to do s.t. disidir v [A2; b(1)] make up one’s mind to do s.t. Disidihi kanag palit, Make up your mind to buy it. dísil n Diesel. disilya v [A; c] turn left. n left direction. disimal n decimal point. v [A; b6] place or put a decimal point. Disimbri n December. v see abril. disimitru, disimitrus n decimeter. v [B256; c1] be a decimeter in dimension. dis-impikta, disimpiktǎr v [A; b5c1] disinfect a place. Disimri = disimbri. disimuladu = dismular. dis-inpikta = dis-impikta. -nti n disinfectant. disinti a respectable, conforming to social standards. Disinting pamisti, Decent dress. Disinting balay, A presentable house. Disinting ristawrant, A decent restaurant. Disinting trabáhu, A respectable job. v [A1; c1] respectable in one’s behavior. disintiríya n dysentery. v [A23P; a1] have dysentery. disintralisasiyun, disintralisisyun n decentralization. disinuybi n nineteen. v see disiutsu. disinyu n design of s.t. constructed. disiplína n discipline. v [A; a12] discipline, punish. Disiplináha nang ímung ulitáwu kay tingálig makurnir unyà, Discipline your son before he is forced into a marriage. -da = disiplinádu (female). -du a well-disciplined. v [B12; b6] become well-disciplined. -ryan a be a strict disciplinarian. v [B12] get to be strict. disipulu n disciple of Christ. v [B1256; a12] become a disciple of Christ. dis-iridar v [A; b5c1] disinherit. disirt n dessert. v [A1; c1] have dessert. disisayis n sixteen. v see disiutsu. — kartas mahjong game with sixteen pieces (instead of the usual thirteen). disispirádu = dispirádu. disisyíti n seventeen. v see disiutsu. disisyun n decision. disiutsu n eighteen. v {1} [B5; c16] do s.t. on the eighteenth (of the month), reach the age of eighteen. Mudisiutsu (madisiutsu) ku rung pitsa trayinta sa Uktubri, I will be eighteen on the 30th of October. Dibuhan ta ka ug magdisiutsu ka na, I will give you a debut on your eighteenth (birthday). Nagkadisiutsu ka na lang wà pa giyud ka gihápuy buut, You are turning eighteen but still you are irresponsible. Disiutsúhun (idisiutsu) na lang nátù ang átung parti, Let’s have our party on the eighteenth (of the month). {2} [A12; ac1] acquire or give eighteen (pesos, dollars, etc.). Nakadisiutsu ku sa búwang, I won eighteen (pesos) in the cockpit. Ákung palitun ug ímung disiutsúhun (idisiutsu), I’ll buy it if you let me have it for eighteen pesos. Nadisiutsuhan ta man ka, I won eighteen (pesos) from you. Nadisiutsuhan ku sa Tabuan, apan gamay ra ang ákung napalit, I got rid of eighteen pesos, but I bought very little. disíyu n plan which one intends to carry out. Wà kuy disíyung magnigusyu ug sakyanan, I do not have plans to invest in transportation. disk = dís. diskansǎr = diskansu, v2, {2a}, {b}, {c}. diskansádu, diskansáwu a {1} rested, having rest. Diskansádu kaáyu ku human sa katúlug, I am very well rested after my sleep. {2} relieved, free of pain, worry, suffering. Diskansádu na ang masakitun kay nakatumar na ug tambal, The patient is relieved because he has taken his medicine. v [B126] {1} get rested. {2} get respite. diskansu n {1} front porch. Adtu ta magpahayáhay sa diskansu, Let’s get a breath of fresh air on the front porch. {2} rest. v {1} [b6] add a front porch to a house. {2} [A] rest. Mudiskansu kug kadiyut kay gihangákan ku, I will rest for a while because I’m out of breath. {2a} [AB; c2] give s.o. or s.t. a rest. Nagdiskansu ku áring kabáyù, I’m giving my horse a rest. {2b} [A12] be free of, have a respite from pain or suffering. Makadiskansu lang siyas bun-ug ug wà dinhi ang bána, She won’t get any respite from her beatings as long as her husband is around. {2c} — sa dáyun [A2] die (lit. rest forever). Pasaylua siya samtang dì pa siya mudiskansu sa dáyun, Forgive him before he goes to his eternal rest. diskansuhánan, diskansuhan n resting place. diskansuhánan sa dáyun cemetery (lit. final resting place). diskarga v {1} [A; c1] unload, take out of a vehicle. Idiskarga (diskargáha) ang mga malíta gíkan sa awtu, Take the suitcases out of the car. {1a} defecate (slang). Túa siya sa kasilyas nagdiskarga, He’s in the bathroom, defecating. {1b} [A; b(1)] have sexual intercourse (humorous). Didtu ku sa pampaman magdiskarga, I was in the red-light district, unloading. {2} [B23(1); c1] for a battery to become discharged. Dì musíga ang mga sugà ug makadiskarga ang batiríya, The lights won’t shine if the battery loses its charge.[A] diskárids v [A3P; a12] discourage. Nadiskárids ku kay wà giyud ku makapuntus, I got discouraged because I hadn’t gotten a single point. Gidiskárids ku siya pagkúhag abugasíya, I discouraged him from taking up law. diskaril v {1} [A13B26; c16] derail, be derailed. Mga tulisan ang nagdiskaril sa trín, The bandits derailed the train. Mudiskaril (madiskaril) ang trín, The train will be derailed. {2} [B126; b3(1)] faint (colloquial). Nadiskaril siya pagkakità sa kalag, She fainted when she saw the ghost. diskarni v {1} [A; a] butcher an animal, slaughter it and cut it up. {2} kill s.o. with a bladed weapon. Madiskarni tikaw rung traydúra ka, I’ll slaughter you, you traitor. {3} eat all of s.t. (colloquial). Gidiskarni sa mga bátà ang kík nga nahibilin, The children ate up all of the leftover cake. {4} rape a woman (slang). diskás = diskási_1. diskási_1 v [AC; b5c3] engage in a discussion about a particular topic. Gidiskási ku siya báhin sa rilihiyun, I discussed religion with him. diskási_2 v {1} [A2C; c16] call off, take back a bet. Idiskási (diskasíhun) níla ang ílang pusta kay dì mahinayun ang lumbà, They will call off their bets because the race will not be held. {2} [A1; c16] stop any activity for the while or call it quits. Diskasíhun (idiskási) úsà nátù ang átung paggúna, Let’s take a break from our weeding. diskasyun n discussion. v [C] hold a discussion. Nagdiskasyun mi sa klási mahitungud sa liksiyun, We held a discussion in class about the lesson. diskitar v [A12; b28] find out s.t. by accident. Nadiskitahan nga nawálà ang singsing, It was discovered that the ring was stolen. {2} [A; a12] check up on s.o. to see if he is doing anything wrong. Diskitahun ku ang ákung mga anak ug dúna bay mga minalditu, I check up on my children to see if they are naughty. diskrayib, diskribir v [A; c1] describe. Diskrayba (idiskrayib) ang langgam nga ímung nakítà, Describe the bird you saw. diskubri v [A; a12b2] discover, find s.t. Wà pay nakadiskubrig tambal sa kansir, No one has found a cure for cancer yet. Nadiskubri (hidiskubrihan) ang asáwa nga may laláki, The wife was discovered with another man. diskumpiyar v [A2] be suspicious, distrusting. Ug mudiskumpiyar ka nákù, tagáan ta kag risíbu, I’ll give you a receipt if you distrust me. diskumpiyáda = diskumpiyádu (female). diskumpiyádu a suspicious and distrustful. Diskumpiyádu ku ánang timbangána, I don’t trust those scales. Diskumpiyádu siya sa pagbáhin sa kabílin, He questions the division of the inheritance. v [B12; b3] get to be suspicious and distrustful. diskuntintu a discontented. Diskuntintu ku íning kinabuhía, I’m discontented with this life. Diskuntintu ku sa ímung ági, I’m dissatisfied with your work. v [B12; b3] be, become discontented, desiring for more. diskursu n speech. v {1} [A; b(1)] deliver a speech. {2} [A; c] give a scolding in such a way that the public can hear it. A, nagdiskursu na pud nang tiguwánga, Oh, the old woman is giving a speech (cussing out) again. Ug magkasábà ka ayaw idiskursu, If you give a scolding, don’t do it so everyone can hear. diskusyun = diskasyun. diskutik n {1} discothèque. {2} private party in which the house is made to look like a discothèque. v [A1; c1] hold a discothèque party. diskutir v [AC; b35] discuss or argue with s.o. over a certain point. Ang tíma nga ámung gidiskutir, gidiskutihan, The subject we discussed. diskuwalipáyid v [A; a12] disqualify s.o. from participating in a sport, election, etc. Nadiskuwalipáyid siya kay húgaw siyang midúwà, He was disqualified because he played dirty. Diskuwalipáyid nang kandidátu kay andir ids, The candidate was disqualified because he was underage. diskuwintu n discount. v {1} [A; b7] give a discount. Diskuwintúhan nákù nig gamay kay súkì man ta, I’ll give a little discount on this because you are a good customer. {2} [A1; c] get a discount. Diskuwintúhan (makadiskuwintu) ka basta daghang palitun, You get a discount if you buy in quantities. {3} [b1] credit a certain amount owing s.o. to a debt he has. Diskuwintúhan ang ímung útang sa ímung suklì, Your change will be credited to your debt. dismayar v {1} = dismáyu. {2} [B126] get discouraged. Wà siya madismayar bísag gitabángan sa mga sapían ang íyang kapárang, He wasn’t discouraged even though his opponent was helped by wealthy people. dismáyu v [B126] faint, lose consciousness. Nadismáyu siya kay naigù sa kutukutu, She fainted because she was hit in the pit of the stomach. dismǐs v {1} [A; bc1] dismiss a class. Dúgayng gidismisan ang mga bátà, The children were let out late. {2} [A; c1] dismiss a case in court. Idismǐs (dismisun) unyà kining kasúha kay kúwang sa ibidinsiya, This case will be dismissed because there is insufficient evidence. {3} [A; c1] dismiss from an office. Gidismǐs ang pulis kay nanguliktag tung, The policeman was fired for collecting protection money. dismísal n honorable dismissal issued by a school to an outgoing student, indicating he is clear of all obligations, financial or otherwise. dismular v [A; a] hide s.t. by drawing attention away from it. Mikatáwa siya arun pagdismular sa íyang kaúwaw, She laughed to hide her embarrassment. Ipaibabaw ang mga maáyu arun madismular ang mga latà, Put the good ones on the top so that the rotten ones will be concealed. dismuládu s.t. done in such a way that the truth is concealed. Dismuládu ang íyang pagpaningil kay nagpasángil siyang mangáyug tanum, He hid his attempts to collect by pretending to ask for plants. dispalku v [A; a2] embezzle. Gidispalkúhan níya ang kubransa, He embezzled some of the money he collected. n amount embezzled. dispalkadur n embezzler. v [B156; b6] become an embezzler. dispalkadúra = dispalkadur (female). dispanta = ispanta. dispasir v [A; a] manage to do s.t. not easy to do. Kining ákung kítà dílì makadispasir sa ímung pagtuun, With my salary I can’t afford to pay for your tuition. Dì na madispasir sa ákung láwas ang tanang trabáhu sa balay, I don’t have the strength to do all the household chores. dispatsadur = dispatsir. dispatsadúra n salesgirl in a bazaar or department store. v [B156; a2] be, become a salesgirl. dispatsǎr v [A; c1] {1} get rid of s.t. Dispatsaha (idispatsǎr) kining mga bátà. Sámuk kaáyu, Get rid of these children. They’re a nuisance. {2} discharge from a job. Maáyung dispatsahun ang impliyádu nga dílì kamaung mutrabáhu, Better get rid of an employee that doesn’t know how to work. {3} kill, liquidate. Gidispatsǎr ug hurut ang tistígus, The witnesses were all liquidated. {4} sell s.t., esp. s.t. one must get rid of. Idispatsǎr na lang nátù ang yútà kay umaw na, Let’s get rid of that piece of land because it has lost its fertility.† dispatsir n {1} dispatcher of public transportation. Dispatsir sa trák, The dispatcher at the bus station. {2} person who goes on a boat and takes over all the sleeping places and sells them to the passengers. Pagparisirbag tihíras sa dispatsir, Have the dispatcher get you a cot beforehand. v [B16; b(1)] be, become a dispatcher of a public utility vehicle. dispatsu = dispatsǎr.† dispidir v [A; b6] bid farewell. Mudispidir ku sa ákung mga amíga sa dì pa ku mularga, I’ll bid goodbye to my friends before I leave. dispidída n a farewell party. v [A1; b(1)] hold a farewell party. Átù siyang dispididáhan iniglarga níya, We’ll give him a farewell party when he leaves. dispinsa_1 n pantry, storeroom for foods. v [A12; b6] make a pantry. dispinsa_2 n {1} forgiveness, excuse. Dispinsa lang úsà. Wà kuy ikahátag, Forgive me. I have nothing to give you. Nangáyù siyag dispinsag milakaw, He asked to be excused and left. {2} dispensation in the church. dispinsaryu n dispensary, place for treating small sicknesses, wounds. dispinsasiyun n dispensation in the church. dispinsisyun = dispinsasiyun. dispiráda = dispirádu (female). dispirádu a in despair. Dispirádu siya kay dúgay nang way trabáhu, He is desperate because he has been without a job for a long time. v [B12] get to be in despair. dispiras = bispiras. dispirinsiya, disprinsiya = dipirinsiya. dispisiyar v [A; a12] despise, scorn. Ángay bang dispisyahan ang táwu tungud sa kakabus? Should a person be despised on account of poverty? dispras n mask for a masquerade or as part of a costume. v {1} [A; b6] wear a mask. {2} [AC12; c1] hold a masked party. dispuga n k.o. stitch where the thread is pulled back under itself, used in hemming, making buttonholes, and wherever a sturdy stitch is desired. v [A; b5] sew a hem. -díra n one who sews a hem. v [B156; a2] be a hemmer. dispunir v [A; b] take care of s.o.’s financial obligations for him. Wà kuy gidáng kwarta, Dispunihi ku úsà íni, I didn’t bring any money. Please take care of this for me. dispusisiyun n decision, judgment of what to do. Unsay ímung dispusisiyun báhin sa yútà? What do you think we should do about the land? Wà kuy dispusisiyun nga ákù. Mag-agad ra ku sa ákung bána, I don’t make any decisions. I leave everything up to my husband. v [A; b] take a decision on s.t. Ug ímu ning dispusisyunan karun, ikaw na, If you make a decision on this, it is your responsibility. dispuwis the next thing after that. Hugási. Dispuwis lat-i, Clean it. Then stew it.† distansiya n distance. Ang distansiya sa ílang balay gíkan sa karsáda, The distance of their house from the street. may — be somewhat far from s.t. May distansiya ang ámù sa lungsud, Our place is located at somewhat of a distance from the town. v [BC; acP] be at a distance, at a distance from each other. Sa nakadistansiya na siyag duha ka kilumitrus, When he had gotten two kilometers away. Distansyáhun nátù ang duha ka balay pagtúkud, Let’s build the two houses at a distance apart. Idistansiya (ipadistansiya) ang ímung tihíras sa ákù, Set your cot up at a distance from mine.† distiliríya n distillery. distinádu a destined by fate to s.t. Distinádu siya sa pagkapubri, She is destined to be poor. distinasiyun n destination. Ása ímung distinasiyun. Sini u simbahan? What is your destination. The movies or church? distínu n destination, place one is headed for. Ása man ang ímung distínu run, simbahan u sini? What is your destination? The movies or church? pága, pagadíru — n s.o. who rides s.w. with the passage to be paid on arrival. v [A; c] assign s.o. s.w. for employment. Túa ku madistínu sa Lutúpan, I’m assigned to work in Lutopan. distiyíru v [A; ac] exile. Gidistiyíru si Risal sa Dapítan, Rizal was exiled to Dapitan. distribuwir v [A; c] distribute, divide and give out in shares. Wà pa námù idistribuwir ang mga rasyun, We have not distributed the rations yet. distribyútur n agent who sells a certain product in a place. Distribyútur sa mga bulad, A dried fish wholesaler. Distribyútur sa mga traktúra, Distributor of tractors. v [B16; a2b6] be, become a distributor. distrítu n congressional or school district. v [B126] become a congressional district. distrusar v [A; a1] destroy, cause physical destruction. Ang súnug mauy midistrusar sa tibuuk syudad, Fire destroyed the whole city. distrúsu n physical destruction. distsards v {1} [A; c] remove s.o. from his position. Nadistsards ang maistra kay hingabsin, The teacher was discharged because she was always absent. {2} [B13; c1] for a battery to get discharged. {3} [A; c] discharge from a hospital, armed forces. Nadistsards na ba siya sa uspital? Has he been discharged from the hospital? {4} [A13] have discharge prior to labor. n {1} discharge papers. {2} vaginal discharge prior to labor.† disturbǎr v [AN; a12] bother, disturb. Ayaw kug disturbaha kay natúlug ku, Don’t bother me. I’m sleeping. disturbu v [B6P; a] n nuisance, s.t. that disturbs. Disturbu kaáyu kining pagsígig íhì, It is a nuisance to have to urinate all the time. Nadisturbu ang ílang panimuyù tungud sa íyang pinaangkan, The tranquility of their home was disturbed on account of her illegitimate child. disturnilyadur n screwdriver. distursiyun n electrical device which gives a grating effect to the sound of the electric guitar. dis-ug v [AB3; c] {1} move over, upward, or ahead; cause s.t. to do so. Midis-ug (nadis-ug) siya sa ngilit sa katri samtang natúlug, He moved to the edge of the bed as he slept. {2} improve, reach a higher level. Dakù siyag tingúhà nga mudis-ug ang íyang kahimtang, He had a strong desire to improve his situation. dis-úras a very late at night, too late to be proper. Dis-úras na kaáyu sa pagpangharána sa mga ulitáwu, It was already very late when the young men serenaded. v [B5] be very late at night. diswildu a spending a lot, as if one had a salary. Disyimbri = disimbri. disyirtu n desert. dit. n an abbreviation for ditiktib ‘detective’. dít n date with a girl. v [AC; c] have a date with. Makigdít ku nímu, I’d like to ask you for a date. Bísag kinsay íyang idít, She will date anyone. dità n k.o. big tree with a light wood used for making wooden slippers, the bark of which is medicine against malaria: Alstonia scholaris. ditalyi n details of an incident, etc. Íyang gibutyag ang tanang ditalyi sa ílang rumansa, She related the complete details of their love-making. ditiktib n detective. — aksiyun n detective movie. v [B156; a2b6] become a detective. ditirminasiyun n determination. Ditirminasiyun pagtápus sa íyang pagtuun, Determination to finish his studies. ditsu n extemporaneous verse recited in the kulilísi, consisting of stanzas of four lines, at least two of which are rhymed, in a free meter. The participants in the kulilísi recite one or more stanzas and each person’s recitation is so fashioned as to be a witty response to the preceding recitation and a challenge to the recitation following. The subject is usually courtship. v [A; c] recite ditsu’s. díwà n {1} mind, soul. Natúlug ang ákung mata, apan nagmata ang ákung díwà, My eyes are asleep, but my mind is awake. {2} spirit that pervades s.t. Ang díwà sa Pasku, Christmas spirit. Ang díwà sa íyang tugtug, The spirit of his song. diwanhun a pertaining to the soul. Diwanhun nga kauhaw, Spiritual thirst. díwal = diwalwal. diwalwal v [APB3(1)6; c1P] for the tongue to stick way out, cause it to do so. Mudiwalwal ang dílà sa búang, An idiot’s tongue hangs out. Idiwalwal (diwalwála) ímung dílà, Stick out your tongue. diwánag (word coined from díwà plus sánag) n inspiration, the light that animates the soul. diwáta n {1} k.o. supernatural beings that are associated with certain places, esp. trees. {2} ceremony of offering food cooked with no salt to spirits to insure harvest, give thanks, diagnose an illness. v [A; b(1)] perform a diwáta ceremony. Diwatáhi ang lugar únà tarúkig balay, Make an offering before you construct the house. Sakit nga gidiwatáhan, A sickness for which the diwáta ceremony was performed. diwatahan n {1} medium who performs the diwáta ceremony. {2} one who believes in diwáta and the diwáta ceremony. diwatíru = diwatahan, 1. diwindi n {1} k.o. small supernatural people, most commonly thought to live in the space between the roof and the ceiling. They do good to those to whom they show themselves, but are also said to play practical jokes. {2} a dwarfed person. díwit n k.o. cutlass fish: Trichiurus spp. diwitdíwit = díwit. díya n {1} day (length of time). Un díya aku didtu, I was there one day. Dus díyas, Two days. Midiya díya ang trabáhu run, We work only half-day today. {2} pay for the day’s work. Walà kay díya madáwat karun kay walà ka mutrabáhu, You won’t receive any pay today because you did not report to work. v [A3S; b] earn a certain amount for a day’s work. Mudíya kug utsu písus, I earn eight pesos a day. diyabítis = dayabítis. diyablu n {1} devil. Usa ka diyablu mipakítà níya, A devil appeared to him. {2} devil, said as a mild curse to s.o. Kiat mung mga diyablúha mu, You’re being naughty, you little devils! diyakunu n {1} ceremony with three priests officiating. Diyakunung mísa, Special mass. {2} priest that assists a high-ranking priest who says mass. {3} a layman elected by the congregation to help the minister in Protestant churches. v [B16; a2] become a deacon who aids in the mass or a deacon in a Protestant church. diyamanti n diamond, not as fine in quality as the brilyanti. diyamitru = dayamitru. diyána = dayána. diyaryu_1 n daily paper. diyaryu_2 n diary. diyaryu_3 a for ordinary, casual wear. Dúna siyay aláhas pára diyaryu ug láin sab tung pára ispisyal, She has jewelry for daily wear and other jewelry for special occasions. v [A2; c1] wear, use s.t. for daily, casual wear. díyas = díya, n 1 (plural). diyatilis = byatilis. diyíta n diet. v [A] go on a diet. diyù n a half centavo. a {1} small in amount. Diyù nga súkà, A little vinegar. {2} small in size. Diyung bátà, A small child. v [B12; a2] be little, make s.t. little. Ug madiyù na ang túbig, When there is little water left. Diyua pag-asin, Just put a little salt in it. diyùdiyù = diyutdiyut. see diyut. paka- v [A13; a12] humble oneself before s.o., consider s.t. little. Nagpakadiyù aku sa íyang atubángan, I humbled (lit. lowered) myself before him. Gipakadiyù ba nà nímung usa ka galun? Do you consider a gallon little? -g- see digyù. diriyù, dariyù = diriyut. see diyut. maka-, ka- just a second. Migawas siyag kadiyù, He went out for a second. maN-(←), tag-(←) costing a half a centavo. tag-(←), tagi-, tinagi- = tagidiyut. see diyut. díyung v [A3P; c1] {1} close the eyes to a slit. Midíyung ang íyang mga mata sa kasúlaw, His eyes squinted in the light. {2} [B] for a light to be, become dim. Midíyung (madíyung) ang sugà kay wà nay gás, The light grew dim because the kerosene was all gone. {2a} for the sky to get overcast during the day. Nidíyung ang kalangítan, The sky became overcast. diyus n God. Anak sa Diyus, Son of God. pur- see pur-. way — {1} atheist, nonbeliever. {2} godless, full of sin. v [B1256] become very successful in a certain endeavor. Nadiyus siya sa nigusyu, He became very successful in business. diyusdíyus n false gods. -in- {1} honest, according to God’s precepts. {2} earnestly with honest effort. Diniyus ang íyang pagtuun, She studied with complete seriousness. v [A; b6] {1} do s.t. honestly. Gamay kag ginansiya ug magdiniyus kag nigusyu, You won’t have a good profit if you do business honestly. {2} do s.t. with complete earnestness. Dinyusi (dinyusa) pagsag-úlu ang liksiyun, Memorize the lesson earnestly. maki- a God-loving, fond of worshipping God. -nun a {1} pious, living according to God’s precepts. {2} divine. Bátang diyusnun, The Holy Infant. v [B12] get to be pious. padiyusdiyusnun v [A13] pretend piety. diyúsa n goddess. diyusísis n diocese. diyut n small in size. Diyut nga bátà, A tiny child. n half-centavo coin. way — penniless. makadiyut, makariyut {1} to be done for a short time. Makadiyut lang ku ngadtu, I will just go there. {2} was done for a short time. Makadiyut lang kung niadtu, I just went there for a short time. ka-, kariyut {1} = makadiyut. {2} done a second ago. Kadiyut (kariyut) lang siya nga nanáug, He just left a second ago. naka-, nakariyut = makadiyut, 2. (←) = diyut. n tag-(←), maN-(←) coin worth half a centavo. diyutdiyut v [A13; b(1)] do s.t. many times at small intervals. Nagdiyutdiyut siyag pangíhì, He keeps urinating every few minutes. Gidiyutdiyutan ku níyag pangáyug ámut, He kept asking me for a contribution every few days. -ay(←) a {1} few, small in amount. Diyútayng kwarta, Little money. {2} small in size. Diyútayng bátà, A small child. v [B12; a2] get to be little, make s.t. little. Diyutáya ang asin, Just use a little salt. Nagkadiyutay na ang túbig, The water is getting to be less and less. paka-ay(←) v [a12] consider s.t. little in amount. Gipakadiyútay ba nímu ang usa ka galun? Do you consider a gallon to be a small amount? diriyut, dariyut [subjunctive verb] {1} [so-and-so] almost happened. Diriyut ku hiligsi, I was almost run over. {2} s.t. of little importance. Diriyut lang tung ílang gikaawáyan, They quarrelled over nothing. tagdiyútay = tagidiyut. -g- a small (plural). Umúla sa digyut nga búla, Form it into small balls. v [A; a] divide s.t. into small shares. -um-g-, dumaligyut a tending to run small. Dumigyut (dumaligyut) ang ílang kalíwat, Their family tends to be small in stature. tagi- a in small amounts at a time. v [A; abc] [do] a little at a time. Tagidiyútag palit, Buy it little at a time. Tagidiyúti ug sábud ang mga manuk, Feed the chickens a little at a time. Itagidiyut kini ug timpla, Mix it in a little at a time. tinagi- = tagidiyut. diyuy n a half-centavo copper coin. maN-(←) apriced at half centavo. Dr. n abbreviation for duktur. Dra. n abbreviation for duktúra. drágun n {1} dragon. {2} name of one of the suits in mahjong. It consists of three sets of four identical pieces, each set a different color: red (dágir), green (bulbul), and white (ispíhu). -is dragons (plural). dram_1 n drum, a percussion instrument. v [A; b(1)] play the drum. dram_2, drám n drum, a container for oil, gasoline, etc. Lima ka dram nga gasulína, Five barrels of gasoline. dráma v {1} [A; a] put on a play or stage a broadcast. Gidráma níla ang kamatáyun ni Risal, They dramatized Rizal’s death. {2} [A; c] put on an act, pretend s.t. to mislead. Ayaw kug dramáhi ánang ímung paghilakhílak, Don’t put on an act pretending to cry in front of me. n {1} drama on stage, radio or TV broadcast. {2} act put on to fool s.o. dramátik a dramatic, full of emotional action. Dramátik nga panagkítà, An emotional meeting. Dramátik nga lílas, A dramatic film. — intrans a dramatic entrance. v [A] make a dramatic entrance. dramaturga = dramaturgu (female). dramaturgu n {1} actor on stage or in a radio or TV drama. {2} playwright. v [B16; a12] be, become an actor, playwright. drámir n drummer. v [B16; a2] be, become a drummer. drams n set of drums. dráp v [A; c1] {1} drop a course. Pila ka libru ang ímung drápun (idráp)? How many courses are you planning to drop? {2} kick s.o. out of a course. Ákù na lang idráp (drápun) nang palaabsin, I’m just going to kick that habitual absentee out of my course. drap-awut n drop-outs from school. v [A; b4] drop out from school. Gidrap-awtan mig ubay-ubay, Quite a number of students dropped out on us. drápir n medicine dropper. v [c1] use a medicine dropper. drayib v {1} [A; b(1)] drive a motor vehicle. {2} [A; c1] drive a ball in tennis or pingpong. Idrayib (drayba) ug kusug ang pingpung, Slam the pingpong ball. {3} [A; b6(1)] drive a basketball. {4} [A; b6] be the active partner in sex play (slang). Lamì ba ug ang babáyi mauy mudrayib? Is it fun if the woman is on top? n {1} drive in tennis, pingpong. {2} action of driving a tennis, basketball. draybir n {1} driver, chauffeur. {2} the sexual partner who is on top (slang). v {1} [A12] have as a driver. {2} [B; a12] be a driver. dráyir n dryer for hair, copra, etc. v [c16] dry by machine. Drayíra (idráyir) ang kupras ug ting-úwan, Dry the copra in the machine during the rainy season. dri short for diri_1, 2. dríbul v [A; c1] dribble a ball. n action of dribbling. dríl_1 n drill, repetitive exercise in school, in athletics, etc. v [A; ab2] do a drill. dríl_2 n a coarse linen or cotton cloth with a diagonal weave, used for work clothes, etc. dripwud n driftwood used for ornamental purposes. drísing rum n dressing room. drísir n dressing table with a mirror. drismíking n dressmaking, course or business of making dresses. drisrihirsal n a final rehearsal of s.t. to be performed. Dris rihirsal sa píi, Final rehearsal of the P.E. performance. v [A12; c1] hold a final rehearsal of a play, an operetta, etc. dristukil a dressed up for a purpose, usually more than necessary (colloquial). Dristukil siya kay mag-aplay sa trabáhu, She’s all dressed up because she is applying for a job. v [A] be dressed to kill. drú v {1} [A1; c1] hold a lottery drawing. May drú sa Duminggu, They will hold the drawing on Sunday. {2} [A; b6] draw a card. {3} [AC; a] draw a revolver. Diriyut mi magkadrú. Púsil giyud untà tu, We nearly drew our guns on each other. It would have been a gunfight. n drawing of lottery, cards. drúwing v {1} [A; a] draw a picture. Gidrúwing níyang ákung dagway, He drew my face. {1a} dílì ma- words can’t describe. Dílì madrúwing ang íyang kalípay, Words cannot describe her happiness. {2} [A; b] put eyebrow pencil on. -ánan n drawing table, board. drúwir n drawer, desk, bureau. v [A; a] make, put a drawer. du n the note do. way — have no knowledge of music. dù short for undù or dudù. duas a exposed to everybody’s view, to the elements. v [B] be exposed to public view, to the elements. Nagduas ang dughan sa baylarína, The dancer’s breasts were bare. Naduas ang mga tanum sa kaínit sa adlaw, The plants lay exposed under the heat of the sun. † dúaw v {1} [A; a2b2] pay a visit. Duáwun nímu ang ímung trátu? Are you going to see your girl friend? — ang katulúgun v [A12; a12] fall asleep (literary). Wà siya duáwa sa katulúgun, He did not fall asleep. {2} [A; a12b2] go s.w. and see how things are. Duáwa ang kábaw ug nainitan ba, Take a look at the carabao to see if it is in the sun. -um-r-/l- n visitor. dúay = dul-ay. duay-ay v [B3(1); b6c1] for the head to hang limp. Nagduay-ay ang úlu sa manuk pagkaigù sa bulang, The cock’s head hung limp after it was struck with the gaff. dubdub v [A; b6(1)] burn s.t. by putting a torch to it. Dubduban ang pánit sa kanding arun makúhà ang balhíbu, They singe the goat’s skin to get the hair off. Dubduban nátù ang mga uhut, Let’s burn off the rice stalks. dubla v {1} [AC; c] do two things in rapid succession or simultaneously to a recipient; for two agents to do the same thing in succession to a recipient. Midubla kug suntuk sa pátid, I boxed him and then kicked him. Nagdubla mig tíru sa liyun, We both fired at the lion. Human na siya kasab-i. Ayaw idubla ang ímu, He has gotten his scolding. Don’t you do it, too. {2} toll the church bell for the dead, done with two bells in a set rhythm, or toll the bells in the same way at eight P.M. n tolling of the church bells at eight P.M. dubli a double, twice as much. Dubli ang báyad basta istranghíru, You pay double if you’re a foreigner. — u n letter w. v [AB6; a1] double s.t., be doubled. Mudubli ku sa ímung swildu ug takus ka, I’ll double your salary if you’re worth it. Mudubli ang abut kun gamítan ug abúnu, The yield doubles if fertilizer is applied. Nagdubli man kag báhin, You have a double share. — antsu n cloth of extra width. Dus mitrus paígù kay dubli antsu man, Two meters are enough because it is extra-wide cloth. — bista n bifocals. — dus n twenty-two caliber rifle, pistol (slang). — kára n not living up to one’s word of honor. Dubli kárang pulitiku. Dúru kung kampanya níya piru wà ku pasudlag trabáhu, He’s a two-faced politician. I worked like hell for him, but he didn’t give me a job. dubudúbu v [B24C3] be about the same in capacity, condition, age. Mudubudúbu mig panuígun kay nagdúngan man mi pagkapuwit, We could be of the same age because we were in first grade together. Magdubudúbu lang ning ámung kinitáan, We have about the same income. ka- n people of about the same age. dubuk a {1} for fish not to be fresh. {2} tending to get sick easily. Dubuk kaáyu kug láwas. Dì ku kaagwantas tun-ug, I am susceptible to illnesses. I can’t take drafts. v {1} [B] get old or spoiled. Nadubuk kay wà aysi, It did not keep because it wasn’t put on ice. {2} [B1256] for the body to be badly bruised due to severe maulings. Gitabangan siya hangtud nadubuk ang láwas, They ganged up on him and mauled him until his body was badly bruised. dúbul n {1} sleeping equipment good for two. Maglála kug banig nga dúbul, I’ll weave a double-bed-sized mat. {2} doubles, a game with two persons on a side. v [C; c3] be s.o.’s partner in doubles. Makigdúbul aku nímu sa tínis, I’ll be your tennis partner for doubles. {3} in phrases: — bádi n {a} k.o. tongue-shaped cookie consisting of two cookies with a filling. {b} a pregnant woman (humorous). — bid double bed. double ... — dayis a method of determining the dealer in mahjong with two dice. v [A; c16] determine mahjong dealer with two dice. — dik double-decked bed. v [A; a] construct a double-decked bed, put a double-decked bed s.w. — krus double cross. v [A; b5] double-cross. Gidúbul krúsan (gidúbul krus) siya sa íyang trátu, His fiancee double-crossed him. — krúsir n double-crosser. v [B16] be a double-crosser. — parking double parking. v [A; c] park double. Ákù lang úsà idúbul parking, I’ll just park double for the while. dúbun a very dark in hue; almost black. Gwápa untà siya apan dúbun lang kaáyu sa kaitum, She is pretty, only she is very dark. v [AB12; a] darken or blacken. Ayaw dubúna pag-anyil ang linabhan, Don’t put too much bluing in the clothes. dúda v [A; bc] {1} doubt. Nagdúda kung muulan, I doubt it will rain. {2} suspect. Gidudáhan ku siya nga mauy nangáwat, I suspect him to be the one who stole it. n {1} doubt. Dakù ang ákung dúda nga makapasar ku, I very much doubt that I can pass. {2} suspicion. Dakù ang ákung dúda nga naglúib ka, I am very suspicious that you are unfaithful. dudúsu a suspicious, doubting. Dudúsu man gud siya sa íyang katakus, He was doubtful of his ability. Dudúsu ku ánang táwung ganíha rang naglabaylábay sa báy, I am suspicious of that man. He’s been going back and forth in front of the house. v [B12] be suspicious. dudhu v {1} [A; c] thrust s.t. at s.o. that he doesn’t want, give s.o. s.t., imposing it on him. Ngánung nagdudhu ka pa man nákug tubà nga wà kuy gustu? Why do you thrust toddy at me when I don’t want any? Gidudhu ang bungì ngadtu sa dalága, She tried to force the hairlipped boy on the girl. {2} [A3P] push s.o. into a bad situation. Ang ímung pagkapalahúbug mauy makadudhu (makapadudhu) nímu sa kaparútan, Your drunkenness has thrust you into your misery. dùdù v [A; c] {1} press s.t. hard over s.t. Idùdù sa linúgaw ang asin nga binatu, Press the chunk of salt onto the porridge. {2} force s.t. on s.o. Dùdúig bibirun ang bátà, Press a bottle to the child’s lips. Idùdù giyud ang kwarta ug dílì siya mudáwat, Force the money on him if he refuses to accept it. {3} dip, dunk. Idùdù ang kaling sa súkà, Dunk the dried anchovies into the vinegar. dúdung short form: dung {1} term of address for a male of the same age or younger than the speaker. {2} nickname popular for boys. v [A; a12] call s.o. dúdung. dudúsu see dúda. dū́g = dulug. dugà, dúgà n {1} juice, sap from a plant, juice coming from inside meat. Dugà sa agridulsi, Calomondin juice. Ang dugà sa alipáta makabúta, The sap from the alipáta tree can blind you. Karning nalútù sa íyang dúgà, Meat cooked in its own juices. {2} oozings from infections. {3} semen (humorous euphemism). Wà nay dugang tigúlang, An old man with no more sperm. {4} a man’s children (humorous). Kinsay mubuhì sa ímung dugà kun patay ka na? Who will raise your children when you are gone? v [A3P] exude sap or juice. Nakadugà na ba ang hubag? Has any pus come out of the boil? -un(→) a juicy. dug-ab v [AN; c1] belch. Nakadug-ab na ba ang bátà? Has the baby burped? n belch. dugámis (coined from dugà and tam-is) n honey, sweet juice (literary). Dugámis sa mangga, Sweet juice of the mango. v [A12S3] drip with sweet juice. Kansang ngábil nga nagdugamis sa kabatan-un, Whose lips are dripping with the honey of youth. dúgang v [AB2S4; c] add to s.t., increase in amount. Magdúgang ba tag palit? Shall we buy more? Nagdugang (nagkadugang) ang kasakit, Her illness is getting worse. Dugángi ang ákung báhin, Add to my share, please. Pilay idúgang? How many shall we add? n s.t. given in addition. Dúgang kasayúran, Additional information. {2} — sa in addition to. Dúgang pa niánà, pubri siya, Furthermore, he is very poor. paki-, paki-(←) v [A13] ask for more. Nagpakidugang (nagpakidúgang) pa siyag kan-un kay gigútum pa, He asked for more food because he was still hungry. ig-r-, ig-l- n s.t. to add to s.t. Balas nga igdudúgang sa abúnu, Sand to be added to the filler. dugap v {1} [A; b6] intervene, take part in others’ affairs uninvited. Midakù ang áway kay gidugapan sa ugángan, The quarrel got worse because the mother-in-law joined in. {2} [A2; c] do s.t., usually unnecessary, as a sideline to one’s main business. Gidugapan níyag panlabáda ang súhul sa íyang bána, She took in wash as an addition to her husband’s salary. dúgay a {1} taking a long time. Dúgay nga intirbiyu, A lengthy interview. Dúgay ang kaayuhun sa sangla, It takes long for leprosy to heal. Dúgay siyang nag-ílis (mag-ílis), It took (takes) her long to change. {2} late. Dúgay ang ámung paniudtu, Our lunch was late. Dúgay ming natúlug, We went to sleep late. {3} — na long ago. Dúgay na nà, That was long ago. Dúgay nang nalútù ang sud-an, dúgay nang pagkalútù sa sud-an, The food has been ready for some time. v {1} [B3(1); b3c1] take a long time. Dì siya madúgayng pirma, He doesn’t take long to sign. Ug madúgay pa kining sakíta, ... If this sickness lasts much longer ... Wà madúgay, namatay siya, It didn’t take long before she died. Dì ku magdúgay dinhi, I won’t stay here for long. Dì ka makadúgayg tubag, You may not take long to answer. Dugáya (idúgay) ug tágù, Put it away for a long time. Unsay gidugáyan ninyug isturya? Why are you talking so long? {1a} [B4] last long. Dílì magdúgay kining klasíha sa sapátus, This type of shoes doesn’t last long. {2} [B2] get to be late, delayed. Ug mudúgay tag adtu, mudúgay sag paúlì, If we go late, we’ll come home late. Nadúgay ang suwat, The letter was delayed. {3} [B12] — na get to be a long time. Sa nadúgay na níyang trabáhu didtu, After he had worked there for a long time ... Sa nagkadugay na, As time went on ... dugaydugay a {1} taking some time. {2} somewhat late. {3} — na some time ago. -an(→) a tending to take long to do things. Dugayan siyang sugúun, He takes long to do things he is told to do. gi-un(→), ka-un(→) n length of time. hiN- it’s been long enough now. Hinúgay na niánang ímung paghilakhílak, You’ve been crying long enough now. (Stop it.) v [A13; b] keep doing s.t. too long and too much. Ayaw ug hinugáyi ug lisùlísù ang siradúra, Don’t keep turning that lock. ka-an the long run. Sa kadugáyan maáyu ra nà, In the long run it will surely get better. dugbak a for s.t. firm to be thoroughly rotten. Dugbak nga káhuy, A piece of wood completely rotted. Dugbak na kaáyu ang patay, The body was in an advanced state of decomposition. v [B12; b6] rot. dugdug = dalugdug. dughan n {1} chest, breast. Ipahigdà ang bátà sa íyang dughan, Lay the child on its chest. Bugdu nga dughan, A full bosom. {2} breast, as seat of emotions. Mikúba ang ákung dughan, My heart beat rapidly. {2a} sakit ang — be deeply worried about some situation. Nagsakit ang ákung dughan ánang batáa kay dì magtuun, I’m worried about that child because he doesn’t study. {3} part around the chest of a garment. Guut ang dughan sa ákung sinínà, My dress is narrow around the chest. v [A; a12] hit in the breast. -un a full-breasted, buxom. -un ug tiyan a pot-bellied (humorous). dughang = dugsak. dughit v [A; a] poke at things high up to dislodge them. Dughíta na lang ang búnga, ayawg sak-a, Knock the fruits down with a pole, don’t climb up after them. (→) n pole to poke things down. dughù_1 v {1} [A; a] poke at s.t. that is up high with a pole. Dughúa ang kisami arun muhílum ang tagatáas, Thump on the ceiling so the people upstairs will quiet down. Dughúi kug tambis, Knock some fruits down for me. {2} [A123P; a12] get infested with bedbugs. Dughuun ka (ang átung silya) kun adtu ka manini sa barátu, You (our chairs) will get infested with bedbugs if you go to cheap moviehouses. n {1} pole to poke with. {2} bedbugs, lice in furniture (so-called from their propensity to bite from beneath). -un a infested with bedbugs. dughù_2 n k.o. small black poisonous snake. dugkal v {1} [A; a] dig up the earth with a pole or bar and, by extension, with a spade. Dugkálun ang yútà nga dì madáru, They dig the earth up with a pole where they can’t plow. {2} [A; a1] thrust at, strike with a long pointed instrument. Gidugkal níya sa sundang ang punúan sa káhuy, He thrust a machete into the tree trunk. n pole to pry the earth up with. dugmak v [A; ab2] stab. Punyal tung gidugmak nákù, It was a knife that I was stabbed with. -in-an(→) n stab wounds. dugmil v {1} [AB; c1] roll, wallow in dirt, sand, sugar and the like, cause s.t. to do so. Nagdugmil ang anay sa lápuk, The sow wallowed in the mud. Nadugmil sila sa salà, They wallowed in sin. Idugmil ang ságing sa asúkar, Roll the banana fritters in the sugar. {2} [A; b6] for an animal to gather stuff to give birth on. Nagdugmil ang anay kay taliának na, The sow is gathering material because she is going to deliver. {3} [A; a12] crumple, rough s.t. up vigorously to the point of mangling it. Hastang nakadugmil sa úsu sa táwu, My! How the bear mangled the man! dugmù_1 v [B126; b6] fall forwards with the knees hitting the ground first. Nadugmù ku sa nagbansiwag nga gamut, I tripped and fell on the root that was sticking out. dugmù_2 v [ANC; b5] wrestle, fight with grappling. Gidugmù (gidugmúan) sa asáwa ang babáyi sa íyang bána, The wife fought with her husband’s mistress. dugmuk v [A; a] {1} crush into small pieces or powder. Nadugmuk ang súpas sa garapun, The crackers in the jar got all broken to pieces. Dugmúka ang pasáyan úsà iságul, Crush the shrimps before you put them in. {2} change a bill. Dugmúka nang dyasingku, Please change this fiver. n {1} s.t. crushed into bits. {2} the little pieces of bread and pastry left over when baked goods have been cut for sale. sulting — statement not worth giving credence. Ayaw tuhúi kanang mga tabì. Púru nà sulting dugmuk, Don’t believe that gossip. They’re just stories. dugmun n {1} rags. {2} things gathered by an animal to prepare its bed for giving birth. v [A; b6] {1} lie down in the midst of disorder. Didtu siya magdugmun sa suuk, He lay down in the dirt in the corner. {2} spread rags for an animal to give birth on. Nagdugmun ang anay kay taliának na, The sow gathered stuff because she was about to give birth. {3} [B1256; b6] get enmeshed in a net. Sa pagdasmag, ang isdà madugmun sa báling, In lunging, the fish enmeshes itself in the net. dugnas v [B23(1); b6] for the leaves of annuals which yield roots or vegetables to wither when the crop has been gathered or is ready for gathering. Mudugnas (madugnas) na gánì ang dáhun sa úbi, kanà panglihun na, When the leaves of the yam die out, it means the tubers are ready for gathering. dug payit n dogfight between fighter planes. v [C; c3] engage in a dogfight. dugsak v [A; a12] thrust s.t. long at s.t. with force. Dugsáka ang halu sa bangag, Thrust a pole at the monitor lizard in the hole. Idugsak ang ísi sa íhu, Thrust the harpoon into the shark. n thrust with s.t. long. Dì pa madutlan sa usa ka dugsak, You can’t pierce it with one thrust. dugsang = dugsak. dugsib v [A; b6(1)] set fire to s.t. with a burning torch. Dugsíbi ang ílang balay, Set fire to their house. dugsù n k.o. fish. dugtà a worn out to shreds, rotten and badly decomposed, completely decayed. Dugtang banig, A mat worn to shreds. Dugtang láwas sa patay, Completely decayed body of the corpse. Dugtang balay, A house that is rotted through. v [B12; b3] get completely rotten, or worn out. Gidugtáan siyag tulu ka buuk karsúnis, wà gihápun kaswilduhi, He has worn three pairs of pants to shreds, and he still hasn’t received his pay. dugtung v {1} [A; ac] join end to end. Dugtúnga ang duha ka kadína, Join the two chains together. Dugtúnga ang duha ka lamísa arun dúna kay kahigdáan, Put two tables end to end so you have s.t. to sleep on. Idugtung ring tabla niánà, Join this piece of wood to the end of that one. {1a} [A13; a12] link with a structure or opening. May pultahan nga nagdugtung sa duha ka lawak, There is a door connecting the two adjacent rooms. Ang duha ka línaw dugtúngun sa usa ka kanal, The two ponds will be linked together by a canal. {1b} [A12; a12] unite, link together. Ang kaminyúun sa duruha nagdugtung sa duha ka bantúgang bánay, The marriage of the two joins the two famous families. {2} [A] say s.t. after s.o. else has spoken. Ang íyang kasábà gidugtúngan níyag maymay, He added a piece of advice after he scolded me. {3} [A23C23] overlap into the succeeding period, season. Ang ámung mais mudugtung sa sunud sanggì, Our corn will last into the next harvest. Ang duha ka sanggì magdugtung, The product from one harvest lasts to the next. {3a} [C] — ang hunàhúnà have similar opinions on s.t. Nagdugtung ang ámung hunàhúnà báhin niánà, Our opinions coincide on that point. {3b} — ang dálan v [c13] for people estranged to be reconciled. Nagbúlag sila ug walà na magkadugtung ang ílang dálan, They separated and each went his separate way. n {1} a piece that joins another piece. Háin man ag dugtung áning kayril? Where is the other piece of this watch chain? {2} the continuation of s.t. foregoing. Kadtung awáya dugtung sa ílang lális, That fight is the continuation of their quarrel. {3} installment of s.t. that appears in a series. Atangi ang dugtung, Read the next installment. {4} the knot which joins two ends of a rope or chain. Ang dugtung lig-un, The knot is strong. — ug púsud n siblings. Ayaw mu pag-áway kay dugtung ra mug púsud, Don’t quarrel. You are brothers (of the same umbilical cord). — ug tinái one’s husband or wife (humorous). Nía na ang ímung dugtung ug tinái, Your wife is here. -in-an(→) n place two things are joined. ka- = dugtung, n. dugù n {1} blood. May dugù siyang Katsílà, He has Spanish blood. {2} blood from menstruation. Kusug kug dugù human kakuhái, I have been having profuse menstruation since my miscarriage. {3} — sa láki semen (euphemism). {4} the part of one’s being that supplies aggressiveness and vitality. Misúruk ákung dugù, My blood boiled. — sa — one’s offspring. -ng putì {a} semen (euphemism). {b} white discharge after menstruation. {c} people of the white race. batan-un nga — {a} young people. {b} having youthful drive and aggressiveness. Ang batan-un níyang dugù nagtukmud níya sa pagpakasalà, Her youthful drive led her to sin. bug-at ang — having a strong antipathy toward s.o. hínay, lúya, patayg — slow, lacking in vitality and aggressiveness. ínit ug — hot-tempered. ísug ug — brave, courageous. {b} having smelly blood during menstruation. {c} for traits to be dominant. kúlang ug — having low blood pressure. subra ug — having high blood pressure. v {1} [A; b6] bleed. Wà na magdugù ang samad, The wound isn’t bleeding any more. Nadug-an ang ákung sinínà, My shirt got blood on it. {2} [A23] give money. Wà siya mudugù sa dihang gipangayúan, He did not give any money when he was asked. Tihik kaáyu. Mudugù pay úhung, He is stingy. It is easier to squeeze money out of a rock. (Lit. A mushroom will bleed sooner.) {3} — ang balatían, kasingkásing {a} be deeply touched by s.t. sad. {b} have hurt feelings. {4} [a4b6] menstruate. Gidugù siya, maung salaptun, She is menstruating; that is why she is easily angered. Labhi ang dinug-an, Wash the clothes you got menstrual blood on. (←) v [A3] have heavy bleeding. Magdúgù kag makuháan ka, You will bleed heavily if you have a miscarriage. -in-(←) v [A13] = dúgù. ka-(←) v [A13] get blood all over one. dugùdugù, -in-an n dish prepared from the blood and the innards of a pig. v [A; a12] prepare, eat blood dish. ka-(←) n {1} blood relative. {2} compatriot. Daghan sa átung kadúgù ang namatay sa gíra, Many of our compatriots died in the war. ma-(←) a place that emits blood profusely when cut. Madúgù ang líug ug mauy masámad, The neck bleeds profusely if it is wounded. san-(←) see sandúgù. taliN- see talinúgù. -un having a lot of blood. Duguung isdà ang mangkù, The mackerel is a fish with lots of blood. -un(←) a {1} bloody, covered with blood. {2} involving bloodshed. Dugúung bugnù, A bloody battle. dúguk v [A; b5] go, be attracted to a specific thing, most often in great numbers. Mudúguk ka sa kumbira bísag walà imbitaha? Will you attend the banquet even if you’re not invited? Way taga Rid Krus nga midúguk sa nasunúgan, No one from the Red Cross visited the burnt-out area. Dugúkun (dugúkan) ang íyang tindáhan sa mga táwu, People flock to his store. Gidúguk (gidugúkan) ang artista sa íyang mga pans, The fans crowded around the actor. pa- v [A; ac] attract people to come to a specific thing. n s.t. to attract s.t. s.w. Padúguk sa isdà, S.t. to bring the fish near. Barátug baligyà ágig padúguk, Goods sold cheap as a loss leader. -an n {1} longitudinal spar which serves as the centerpiece or main member to which crosspieces are attached. Dugúkan sa talabánug, Centerpiece of the kite. Dugúkan sa batugánan, Post to which sticks are attached for fowls to perch on. {1a} chassis for a vehicle. {2} backbone. {3} plot of a story, main subject of an article. -l-un(→) attractive, drawing s.t. to come to it. Búwak nga dulugukun sa alibangbang, Flowers that attract butterflies. dúgung n dugong, k.o. sea cow. dugus n {1} honey, nectar. Dugus sa gugma, The sweetness of love. v [A; b6] put honey on s.t. ka-(←) v [A13] get honey all over it. dugusdugus k.o. mealy bug, covered with whitish substance, which infests plants, so called because it exudes a nectar-like substance. dugusnun a honey-like. dugwà = digwà. dugwat = ligwat. duha numeral two. v {1} see tulu. -y nawung = dubli kára. duruha n two. tagurha two at a time. Tagurhay sulud áning mga kahúna, Each of these boxes has two in it. igtagurha one’s second cousin. magtagurha be second cousins. tinagurha by two’s. v [A] do by two’s. Magtinagurha silag linya, They will line up in two’s. ika- n second. walay ikaduha without equal. Bakákun nga walay ikaduha, A liar without peer. kalúha see kalúha. kaluhaan, kaluwaan, kawhaan twenty.† duhadúha a {1} doubtful, unlikely. Duhadúha nga muabut siya, It’s unlikely that he will arrive. {2} suspicion. {3} hesitation. v [A; bc3] {1} doubt. Nagduhadúha silang mabúhì siya, They doubt he will live. {2} suspect. Mau nà siyay ákung giduhàduháan (giduhaduháan) nga kawatan, That is the man I suspect of being a thief. {3} hesitate, not do s.t. because of doubts. Ayaw na pagduhadúha. Palita dáyun, Do not hesitate. Buy it immediately. maduhaduháun, maduhàduháun a full of doubts, suspicions. duhal a {1} somewhat mentally retarded. {2} not careful in doing things. v {1} [B12] become mentally retarded. {2} [A13; b(1)] be careless. Ug duhalan mug dala nang kwartáha, háyan mawálà, If you carry that money around carelessly, you’re likely to lose it. duhalduhal v [A; b(1)] treat s.o. without proper care or without respect. Giduhalduhalan lang níya ang ákung súgù, She didn’t take my orders seriously. duháwit (coined from duha and áwit) n duet, in singing. v [A1C] sing a duet. dúhig v [A; c] apply liquid or viscous substances to a surface. Duhígig lána ang agtang, Rub the forehead with coconut oil. {2} [A; a3] smear one’s reputation. Nadúhig ku sa kaúlaw sa ímung gibúhat, I am besmirched with shame for what you have done. (→) n {1} s.t. applied. {2} applicator. duhiras v [A3P] do, attend to many things with haste under pressure. Magduhiras mig silbi kun daghang mangáun, We will be rushing about serving when there are lots of customers in the restaurant. duhiraw v {1} [A13] grope, walk uncertainly. Nagduhiraw siya sa dálan tungud sa kangitngit, He groped his way because it was dark. {2} [B4] be, become delirious. Magduhiraw siya kun hilantan, She becomes delirious when she has a high fever. a having wandering thoughts. Ang mga duhiraw wà makakat-un, The scatterbrain did not learn. dúhul = túnul. dū́k = dúluk. dukà v [B146; a4b6] be drowsy and have one’s head nod. Nagdukà (gidukà) aku sa sinihan, I felt drowsy in the movie. Gidukaan lang sa tuntu ang ákung klási, The fool was drowsy in my class. n drowsiness. (←) n k.o. click beetle, the head of which droops and clicks when its back is held.† dukandukan v [B16] totter, move with uncertain faltering steps. Ang dukà mauy nakadukandukan (nakapadukandukan) sa ákung linaktan, I was so sleepy I was tottering instead of walking. dukduk_1 v {1} [A; ab2] pound s.t. repeatedly. Dukdúka ang áhus úsà iságul, Pound the garlic before you put it in. Ayaw idukduk nang ímung kúmù sa lamísa, Don’t pound your fist on the table. {2} [A; bc] for males to masturbate (slang). n s.t. to pound with. dukduk_2 n fowl cholera. v [a4] be affected with fowl cholera. dúki n duke. v [B16; a2] become a duke. dukìdukì, dukìdúkì v [AN; a12] {1} ransack s.t. in search of s.t. Nanukìdukì ang makililímus sa mga basúra kun unsay makit-an, The beggar ransacked the garbage can to see what he could find. {1a} investigate, question in detail. Ang syinsiya nagdukìdukì sa makaingun sa kansir, Science is searching for the cause of cancer. Gidukìdúkì siya sa pulis, The police questioned him in detail. {2} tinker with. Ákung dukìdukíun ning rilu básig muandar, I’ll tinker with this watch in hopes that I can get it to run. {3} [A; b(1)] putter around, do small odds and ends, unimportant things. Unsay íyang gidukìdukían sa kusína? What is she puttering around within the kitchen? ma-un a inquisitive, inquiring deeply. paN- n investigation, research. dukiruk a {1} gate crasher, attending affairs uninvited, horning in on getting things where one has no right to them. {2} playing around with women. Dukiruk nà siya kaáyu. Hayan dì mangasáwa, He just plays around. It’s unlikely he will get married. v [B12; b6] play around with women. paN- v [A2; b6] attend uninvited, horn in on some distribution one has no right to. Nanukiruk siya sa panghátag rilip, He horned in on the distribution of relief clothing. dukísa n duchess. v [B16; a2] become a duchess. dukla, duklà v [A12; b6] come upon, catch s.o. unaware. Naduklahan sila nga nagháluk, They were caught kissing. duklap v [B146] be slow, lethargic. Nagduklap ang buta nga naglakaw, The blind man walked slowly with hesitation. Nagduklap ang nigusyu run, Business is slow these days. duktrína n doctrine. — Kristiyána n rudiments of the Roman Catholic religion. duktur n {1} doctor, physician. {2} title of a physician. {3} — láway a folk healer that treats by application of saliva. {4} — rural rural doctor. v {1} [B16; a2P] be, become a doctor. Maduktur kag magtuun ka, You will become a doctor if you study. Magduktur siya damag, He hopes to be a doctor. Ang dakù níyang hílig sa pagpanambal muy nakaduktur (nakapaduktur) níya, His great inclination to treat sick people made him a doctor. Duktúrun (paduktúrun) ku ang ákung pangánay, I’ll have my eldest child become a doctor. Mau nang uspitála ang íyang giduktúran, That is the hospital where he works as a doctor. {2} [A; b] doctor information. Dukturan nátù ang mga ansir arun makahandrid ka, We’ll doctor the answers so you get a hundred. {3} [b4] be treated by a physician. Gidukturan na siya piru wà maáyu, He was treated by a physician but he didn’t get well. (→) = duktur, n 1, v. pa- v [A; b] have a doctor treat s.t. Magpaduktur ku ning ákung ubu, I’m going to the doctor for my cold. Padukturi siya kay nagkaluspad, Have a doctor treat her because she is getting pale. Wà tay kwartang ipaduktur, We have no money to get medical treatment. paka- v {1} [A13; a12] pretend to be a doctor, treat like a doctor. {2} [A13] strive to become a doctor. duktúra = duktur (female). dukù v {1} [A; c1P] bow the head, bend over. Mudukù lang siyag kasab-an, He just bows his head if they cuss him out. Idukù (dukua, ipadukù, padukua) ang ímung úlu arun makaagi ka, Bend over so you can pass. {1a} [A23] — ug paalut submissive, allowing people to do whatever they want to one without complaint. {2} [A] for plants to bend. Sanga nga nagdukù tungud sa daghang búnga, A branch weighted down with fruit. Nagdukù na ang humay, The rice is nearly ripe now (lit. the stems are bent with grains). (←) v [A; b3] be bent over one’s work in extreme concentration. Magdúkù tag tuun kay tís ugmà, Let’s engross ourselves in our studies, because we have a test tomorrow. padukùdúkù v [A13] pretend to be working seriously. Magpadukùdúkù siyag makinilya ug bantayan, She pretends to be busy with her typing if s.o. watches her. dukul v = dakul. n stone used in fashioning clay pots. The stone is knocked on the inside at the same time as the outside is knocked with a paddle. dukumintu n written document in proof of s.t. Way dukumintu ang pagpalit ku sa yútà, There was no document made when I bought the land. — sa pálit n deed of sale. v [A; b(1)] prepare a document for s.t. dukumintádu a documented. dukung = dakul. dukut v {1} [B2; b6] get stuck in or to s.t. Midukut (nadukut) ang trák sa lápuk, The truck got mired in the mud. Ang tíkug húmuk duktan ug pulug, Dye sticks readily to that kind of reed. {2} [A2] not move from a place, stick to a job. Ngánung midukut ka ánang palahúbug? Bulagi, Why do you stick to that drunkard? Break off from him. Pastilan nakadukut níya sa íyang trabáhu! My, how he concentrated on his work! {3} [B4; b6] for starchy foods to form a crust at the pot. Midukut na ang nilung-ag, The rice has formed a crust. n crust of boiled starches formed on the pot. (→) v {1} [B1456] stick to an intense degree. Nagdúkut ang buling sa kwilyu, The dirt is sticking terribly to the collar. {2} [C; ac] adhere to each other. Magdúkut ang pinyátu, The pieces of peanut brittle stick to each other. {3} [AC; c1] be close to one another. Nagdúkut silag lingkud, They sat close to one another. {4} [B; b6] for fire to catch to s.t. Nagdúkut ang káyu sa atup, The fire is spreading to the roof. Naduktan ang silíngang balay, The neighboring houses caught fire. duktanan ug buling tending to get dirty easily. Ang puting sinínà duktanan ug buling, White dresses get dirty easily. dula a for animals to be shy and not allow anyone to approach them. Lisud dakpun ang sunuy nga dula kaáyu, It’s hard to catch a rooster that is very shy. v [B1; b6] be shy. Nagkadula ang mga ungguy sukad napusilan ug usa, The monkeys are becoming shier now that one of them was shot. dúlà v {1} [AC; abc] play, play a game. Ang bátà nagdúwà sa íyang tái, The child is playing with its feces. Makigdúlà aku nímug tínis, I’ll play a game of tennis with you. Duláun nátù ang Píi run, Let’s make our P.E. class into a play session. Ása man duláa ang inyung baskit? Where will you hold your basketball game? Ayawg dulái nang makinilya, Don’t play with that machine. Dúgay nang wà sila nátù igdúlà, We haven’t played against them in a long time. {2} [A; c1] stage a performance. Makbit ang sunud nílang duwáun (idúwà), The next thing they will put on is ‘Macbeth’. {3} [A] gambling, esp. in a table game. Túa siya sa madyungan nagdúlà, She is in the mahjong den, gambling. {4} [C13; b6] pull s.t. on s.o. Nagkadúlà giyud ang ílang pagkahambugiru, They tried to impress each other with their tall stories. Giduláan níya si Nánay sa íyang paráyig ug gitugtan, She pulled a fast one on Mama by playing up to her, and Mama allowed her to go. n {1} game. {2} drama. Dúlà sa kinabúhì, Drama of life. -an n {1} toy. {2} musical instrument. -ánan n 1, 2 = -an. {3} playground. {4} gambling den. ka- {1} playmate. {2} one whom one plays a game with. dulámug = dalínug. dúlang n {1} round wash basin dug out from a single piece of wood. {2} depression in the ground which fills with water when it rains like a dúlang. v {1} [A; a12] make into a dúlang. {2} [B1; b5] become, make a depression which fills with water. dular_1 = durar_2. dular_2, dúlar = duliyar. dulaw n turmeric, an herb resembling ginger, the rootstock of which is used as a yellow-colored spice for stews: Curcuma longa. *dúlaw gi- know s.t. about s.t. Wà kuy gidúlaw báhin sa makinilya, I don’t know anything about typing. Way gidúlaw ang ginikánan nga nakigtában ang ílang anak, The parents had no idea their children eloped. dul-ay v [A; c] spit up, for a baby to vomit up excess food taken in. Ug iug-ug ang bátà, mudul-ay nyà, If you shake the baby, he will spit up. Idul-ay níya ang kináun, She spits up what she had eaten. n material spit up by a baby. -un(→) a tending to spit up. duldug v [A; c1] squash and mash into fine pieces. Iduldug (duldúga) ang patátas, Mash the potatoes. -in- n {1} dish of squash cooked in coconut. {2} any food which was squashed or mashed. {3} sweet soup made of any starchy food cooked in coconut milk. duldul n kapok fiber or tree: Ceiba pentandra. The pods produce a cotton-like fiber which is used as furniture stuffing. There is a belief that insanity can be cured by shackling a person’s ankles to a stock made of a kapok log. The person imprisoned with a kapok log may sit or lie down, but cannot stand or move, and often may be kept that way for years. Duldul na lay kúwang nímu, The only thing that can help you is a kapok stock. (I.e., you’re crazy.) dulhug v [A; acP] go, bring s.t. downwards. Sukad dinhi nagdulhug ang dálan, From here on the road goes downhill. Duna kuy dulhúgun sa syudad, I have s.t. to go down to get in the city. Idulhug (ipadulhug) ang mga pruduktu sa mirkádu, Bring the crops down to the market. Gidulhug (gipadulhug) níya ang íyang panan-aw gíkan sa úlu ngadtu sa tiil, He let his gaze move over her from her head to her feet. duling a cross-eyed. v [B126; b6] get to be cross-eyed. dulipanus = dalipanus. dul-it v [A; ac] touch the tip or end of s.t. to s.t. Dihay midul-it (nagdul-it) ug báraw sa íyang likud, S.o. poked a dagger in his back. Dul-ítun ta ning duha ka lamísa, Let’s join the two tables at their ends. duliyar n dollar. dulsi n candy, sweets, fruit preserves. Dulsing nangkà, Jackfruit preserves. v [A; a26] make sweets, fruit preserves. -ra n candy dish. dul-u v [A13; c] deliver, take s.w. Idul-u ni ngadtu, Bring this there. dulug v [A2C; ac] sleep together with s.o. Dulúga ang mga bátà, Have the children sleep together. Dulgi siya karung gabíi, Sleep with her tonight. Ayaw idulug ang inyung bátà, Don’t have your baby sleep in the same bed with you. ka-(←) n bedmate. dul-ug v [A; b6(1)] help s.o. lift a load to carry it on his head or shoulders. Kinsay nagdul-ug nímu sa usa ka sákung bugas, Who helped you lift the sack of rice to carry on your back? dúluk v [AC12; b6] make a clearing and burn it off for agricultural purposes. Nagdúluk ku sa baul nga tamnan sa mais, I made a clearing for the field to plant corn. dulum a {1} for a night to be dark and moonless. Dulum ang gabíi kay patay ang búwan, The night is dark because there’s no moon. {2} for the atmosphere to be gloomy, dark. Dulum ang kaugmáun sa táwung tapulan, A lazy man has a gloomy future. {3} for the vision to be failing. {4} the moon of the third quarter. Primírung dulum, The first day of the third quarter. v [B; b4] {1} get dark, gloomy. Buklása ang hinayhay kay nadulum na ang lángit, Bring the wash in because it has gotten overcast. Nadulman mi sa dálan, Darkness overtook us on the way. {2} for the eyesight to fail. {3} — ang pangísip, hunàhúnà get to be blind with rage, sorrow. Nadulum (gidulman) ang íyang pangísip pagkahibáwu níya, He became blinded with rage (sorrow) when he found out. dulun n choking because of inability to swallow, difficulty in swallowing. Ang dulun makamatay sa bátà, A child can die if he eats s.t. he cannot swallow. a difficult to swallow. Dulung kan-un ang amúti, Sweet potatoes are hard to get down. v {1} [A123P; b4] get choked from inability to swallow. {2} [B146] for the throat to get choked up. Magdulun kug mutan-aw ku sa íyang litrátu, I get all choked up if I look at her picture. dúlun n locust. v {1} [a4] be attacked by locusts. {2} [A; b5] swarm s.w. like locusts. Dulúnun (dulúnan) sa mga táwu ang maung salída, People will flock to that particular show. dulúnà (not without l) n boundary. Kinahanglang may dulúnà ang átung pagkaamígu, There must be limits to our friendship. v [C; c3] for pieces of land to be adjacent. Nagkadulúnà mig yútà, Our lands are adjacent to each other. dúlung n {1} front end of a vehicle. Ang dúlung sa kutsi, sakayan, The front part of the car, boat. {2} s.t. analogous to the front end of a vehicle, e.g. the anterior end of bamboo tie beams in a house. (→) v [B14; b5] go near. Nagkadulung ang pista, The fiesta is approaching. Ang búkid nga íyang gidulngan (gidulung), The mountain that he was approaching. pa-, pa-(→) go to. Padulung ba ni sa Lahug? Does this go to Lahug? v [A; c] go to. paN- n bow of a ship. dul-ung v {1} [A; b6] go up to a place. Nagdul-ung ang barku sa pantalan, The boat was about to dock. {2} [A; c] deliver, take s.t. to a place. Harbur paylut muy mudul-ung sa barku sa pantalan, The harbor pilot steers the boat to the dock. Idul-ung ning suwat sa íla, Bring this letter to their house. hi-/ha- v [B1256] reach a place. Paghidul-ung ku sa balay nagdilaab na, When I reached the house, it was in flames. dulurúsa = dulurúsu (female). mátir — the Virgin Mary after the death of Christ. v [A1] have a devotion to the Mater Dolorosa. Magdulurúsa ku ug magtúman ka sa ímung gustu, If you do as you like, I will take up a devotion to the Mater Dolorosa (in hopes of saving you).† dulurúsu a sad, sorrowful. mistiryu — the Sorrowful Mystery, one of the Mysteries of the Rosary. v [B; b6] become sad. dulut v [A2; b6] {1} cut or pierce deeply. Báraw nga midulut sa kasingkásing, A knife that penetrated his heart. Gidutlan ang abága ug bála, A bullet penetrated into the shoulder. {2} penetrate. Midulut ang tugnaw sa íyang kaunuran, The cold penetrated his body. Ang Kinatsilà dílì mudulut sa ákung úlu, Spanish won’t penetrate into my head. {3} affect s.o.’s emotions. Kinsang kasingkásing dílì dutlan sa íyang pakilúuy? Whose heart wouldn’t be moved by his pleas for pity? {4} [A12] have the stomach to eat s.t. Dì ku makadulut ánang ngilngig, I can’t manage that greasy stuff. n depth of penetration. Pilay dulut sa lansang? How deep did the nail penetrate? lalum ug — {1} having lasting effect. Lalum ug dulut kanang íyang tambag, His advice penetrated deeply (had lasting effect). {2} have more to it than what is visible on the surface. Lalum ug dulut nga mga púlung, Words which have more to them than is at first apparent. — sa bukug deep-rooted, penetrating the bones. Dulut sa bukug nga kayugut kang Krus, Anger at Cruz felt to the depths of his bones. Dulut sa bukug nga Nasyunalista, Dyed-in-the-wool Nationalist. Dulut sa bukug nga mananárì, A rabid cockfighter. — sa kasingkásing coming from the heart. dúlut v [A; c] {1} serve food to visitors. Taglakin-an ang magdúlut sa bangkíti, The relatives of the bridegroom will serve the visitors at the wedding banquet. {1a} make an offering of food in the diwáta ceremony or on All Souls’ Day. {2} bring happiness or sadness. Gidulútan níyag usa ka matam-is nga pahíyum ang ulitáwu, She gave the young boy a sweet smile. Kagul-ánan lang ang idúlut mu sa ímung mga ginikánan, You only give worries to your parents. n {1} food offered in the diwáta ceremony. {2} food offered at a tomb during All Souls’ Day. {3} food offered to visitors. dulyum n k.o. tun shell of deep seas, edible and large in size. dúm = dulum. dúma = lagutmun. see lagutum. dumágat n {1} water from the bag of waters. {2} material that is inside a baby when it is born. v [A13; b6] for the bag of waters to break. Nagdumágat (gidumagátan) na siya. Dì na madúgay magbúsug, Her bag of waters has ruptured. She’ll go into labor shortly. dumagsà see dagsà. dumála see dala. dumalága see dalága_1. dumálig = dangílag. dumaligyut see diyut. dumánu n k.o. dwarf coconut. dumar v [A2; a12] keep s.o. disciplined. Maáyung mudumar ang ákung bána sa ámung mga anak, My husband keeps our children well under control. dumay a worn-out, but not badly so. v [B126; b6] get worn. Gidumayan ka man kahà ning sinináa, ákù na lang ni, If you consider this dress old, how about giving it to me? dumbay = lumbay (dialectal). dumbul v {1} = bungdul. {2} [A2C; b6(1)] play billiards or pool (slang). dumdum v {1} [A; a12] go to a specific place for a purpose. Nagdumdum ku sa maisan ug naunsa na, I went to the cornfield to see what became of it. Átung tagúan ug dumdúmun nátù unyà, We’ll hide it and come back for it later. {2} [A3] go to a usual place. Ang manuk mudumdum sa batugánan, The chicken finds its way to the roost. Ang ákung labad sa úlu mudumdum káda palis, My headache sets in every afternoon. {2a} [A12; a12b2] know how to go s.w., locate s.t. Nakadumdum ka ba sa ámù? Do you know your way to our house? Dumdúmun nátù ang utlánan, Let’s locate the boundary. Dì nákù madumduman, I cannot locate it. {2b} [A3; b(1)] show s.o. the way. Dumdúmi siya dinhi, Show him how to get here. {3} [A12] remember to do s.t. Nakadumdum siyag hátag nákù, He remembered to give me some. {4} [A12; a12] think s.t. would happen. Nákug kumidiya tu. Wà ku magdumdum nga tinud-un níya, I thought he was joking. I didn’t think he was really going to do it. hiN-/haN- v [B1236; b(1)] remember. Hinumdumi ang ímung sáad, Remember your promise. pahiN-/pahaN- v [A; c] remind. Pahinumdumi siya, Remind him. n reminder. ma-un a not forgetting easily, not needing reminders. paN-an n mind. Wà sa ákung panumdúman ang ímung gisulti kanákù, I did not implant your words in my mind. -l-un(→) n {1} thanksgiving celebration in the form of a nine-day prayer during the planting and harvesting season. {2} any regularly observed religious celebration. Dumdumun námù ang kamatáyun sa ákung inahan, We regularly observe the anniversary of my mother’s death with religious services. dumílì see dílì. duminar v [A; a12] dominate, hold control over. Wà siya kaduminar sa íyang anak, She was unable to exercise control over her son. Duminggu n Sunday. Sa Duminggu na aku mubisíta nímu, I will visit you on Sunday. — dirámus n Palm Sunday. — diglurya n Easter Sunday. v see birnis. duminu n {1} domino. {1a} game of dominoes. {2} domino costume for masquerades. v {1} [A2C; b(1)] play dominoes. {1a} [A13; a12] make a domino set. {1b} [A12] get a domino set. {2} wear a domino costume. dumísing v [A; a] get s.t. dirty by bespattering or besmearing it. Nakadumísing na kug pulbus sa ákung nawung, I smeared powder over my face. ka- v get dirt all over it. Nagkadumísing ang bátà sa nilúgaw, The child got porridge all over him. dumistik sáyans n domestic science, home economics course. dumpaug v [B146; b6] stumble as one walks, as from drunkenness. Daw hubug nga nagdumpaug ang linaktan, He walked like a drunkard tottering. dumpil n k.o. fish corral that is set permanently in the sea. dumpu, dumpul = pungdul. dúmug_1 v {1} [AC; a] wrestle to the ground. Nagkadúmug ang duha ka kábaw, The two carabaos were engaged in combat trying to knock each other over. Dumúgun ku siya. Mabuntug giyud siya nákù, I’ll wrestle him. I can get him down. {2} [AC; c] perform coital activity (humorous). {3} = dam-ag, 1, 2. pa- n k.o. net into which the fish are driven such that they snag their gills. dúmug_2 n dish made of ripe cooking bananas boiled in banana leaves with sugar and shredded coconut. v [A; c1] make dúmug. -in- = dúmug, n. dum-ug = dam-ag, 1, 2. dúmul v [AC; c] put s.t. near the face or the face near s.t. Nagkadúmul ang ílang duha ka ngábil, They brought their lips to each other. Ayaw idúmul ang butilya sa bàbà, Don’t put the bottle to your mouth. dumut v {1} [AC3; b3(1)] hate s.t. enough to do s.t. against it. Nagdúmut ang duha ka pamilya, The two families are feuding. Ang táwu nga ákung gikadumtan, The person I hate with a vengeance. {2} [A; b6] have one’s mind set on doing or having s.t. Náay sapátus nga ákung gidumtan. Karun na lang swildu, There’s a pair of shoes I want very much. I’ll have it on payday. n hatred. (←) n hatred felt by people for each other. madinumtánun, madulumtun a full of vengeful hatred. dumyang = damyang. dun_1 title before Christian names, used to address or refer to rich gentlemen, esp. those of Spanish blood. n rich landowner. Mga dun nga walay kalúuy sa saup, Rich landowners that have no pity for their tenants. v [A; a12] call s.o. ‘don’. dun_2 = karun. dún = dúlun. dúna = adúna. dun-ag_1 = lung-ag. dun-ag_2 = bun-ag. dunar_1 v [A; b6(1)] donate. Midunar ug lunà si Dun Ansilmu pára sa simbahan, Don Anselmo donated a lot for the church. dunar_2 v [A23] exist, remain for some time or forever. Ang táwu dì mudunar sa kalibútan, Man will not exist on earth forever. dunasiyun n donation. dúnat n doughnut. v [A; a2b6] have, make doughnuts. dunat intir n a one-way street. *dundi used only in the phrase: Nupuydi katabuk dundi gabahà, Can’t have intercourse because the wife is menstruating. (Lit. You can’t cross because the river is flooding.) dundun_1 a for a surface to offer a braking effect to s.o. trying to walk over it. Dundun kaáyung laktan sa baybáyun, It is very difficult to walk on sand. dundun_2 = dagundun_2. dundúnay = alisiwsiw. dung see dúdung. dúng = dúlung. dúngag = dúgang. dung-ag = lung-ag. dungálig = dangílag. dúngan a done or happening at the same time. Dúngan kaáyu ang pag-alsa sa ílang mga tiil, They lifted their feet very well in unison. Dalugdug dúngan sa pagkílat, Thunder together with lightning. v [A2C; c1] do s.t. together or at the same time. Mudúngan ku nímug káun, I’ll eat (together) with you. Magdúngan ang salída sa Risal ug Madyistik, The show will be played simultaneously at the Rizal and Majestic theaters. Ayaw dúngána pagdala dinhi, Don’t bring them both at the same time. (→) n {1} person about the same age as one (mostly used in expressions of anger). Naghagsà ka lang nákù. Dì ku nímu dungan, You used my name without a title. You’re not my age, you know. {2} — sa together at the same time. Dungan ka nákù sa pagkáun, ha, Eat together with me. ka- n one who was together with s.o. at a certain time. Kadúngan mi paggraduwar, We graduated at the same time. tali- see talirúngan. dungandúngan n temples. dungas = duas. dúngaw v {1} [A2SP; ab2b3] direct one’s sight downwards. Dungáwa intáwun ning nag-umbangul sa kasákit, Look out of the window at the wretch moaning and suffering. {2} [A; a2] scan reading matter to find s.t. Gidúngaw nákù ang lista. Wà didtu ang íyang ngálan, I checked the list, and his name wasn’t there. {3} = dung-aw. {3a} v [b(1)] be much shorter than s.o. (lit. be looked down on). Dungawan na ku sa ákung anak, My son towers over me. dung-aw v [A; b6] {1} be taller or higher up than s.t. else. Pangpang nga nagdung-aw sa subà, A cliff that towers over the river. {2} looking down on from an elevation. dungáwug v [C3] be of the same age. Magdungáwug mi kay dúngan mi pag-iskuyla, We are of the same age since we went to school together. ka- n s.o. of the same age with another. dungdung_1 n head covering of cloth or any flexible material. v [A; b6(1)] cover the head with s.t. flexible. Dungdúngi ang bátà arun dílì mainitan, Cover the child’s head with a piece of cloth to protect it from the sun. dungdung_2 a for the sky to be overcast and gloomy. Ayaw ihayhay ang linabhan ug mudungdung (madungdung), Don’t hang the laundry out if the sky gets overcast. dunggab v [A; a1] stab. Dunggábun ku ang huld-ápir, I will stab the hold-up man. n {1} action of stabbing. {2} = dágir, 2. -in-an(→) n stab wound. dunggan see dungug. dunggù v {1} [A2; ac] for a boat to come to shore, wharf. Unsay inyung dunggúun didtu? What are you pulling in to shore for? Didtu níla idunggù ang barku sa Úpun, They docked the ship in Opon. {2} [A2] — ang bisíta for menstruation to set in (slang). dunggùdunggù v [B1] go here and there in search of s.t. Nagkadunggùdunggù kug panghulam, I went all over the place looking for money to borrow. -an(→) v [A13] for a boat to go to some port habitually. -ánan n place a boat docks. dunggut n cutting tool having a short, curved blade, the outer edge of which is sharp. It is attached to a pole and used to clear dried leaves off of banana and abaca plants. v [A; a] cut away the dried leaves of abaca and banana trees. dunghay v [A; a2] {1} for hair to be hanging down over s.t. Nagdunghay ang lambúngay sa kabáyù, The horse’s mane hung down over his back. {2} for sweat to flow down like hair. Nawung nga gidungháyan sa singut, A face streaming with sweat. dungilù v [B46; c16] hang limp from its base. Nagdungilù na lang ang íya human sa ikatulung ráwun, His penis is all drooping after the third time. dungkà_1 v [A; b6(1)] light a lamp, cigarette and the like by putting fire to it. Dungkái na ang parul, Light the lantern. dungkà_2 v [A; b8] arrive at a door, dock. Nagdungkà na sa pantalan ang barku, The ship was moving into port. Mauy hingdungkaan ku sa pulta ang makalilísang talan-áwun, I came upon a gruesome sight at the door. dungkul a person who doesn’t give a tip (slang). dungluy v {1} [B46; c1] droop. Midungluy ang mga dáhun sa mga mais tungud sa ínit, The leaves of the corn plants are drooping from the heat. Karsúnis nga nagdungluy sa hayhayan, The trousers that are hanging on the line. Kun dunglúyun (idungluy) mu ang ímung úlu mu ra kag subù tan-áwun, When you let your head droop you will look sad. {2} [a4] for fowls to have the disease called dungluy. n sickness of fowl characterized by a drooping head and a hunched up body. (→) a drooping. dungpul = pungdul. dungsul n k.o. sea cucumber with a hard outer edge, the waste of which (lukut) is eaten and which emits a purple-colored liquid when touched. It is used in a k.o. sorcery which makes persons bleed. nawung ug — very ugly. dungù v {1} [A; c1P] bow the head. Namátì siya sa kasábà pinadungù ang úlu, He listened to the scolding with his head bowed. {2} [A] for plants to bend. Nagdungù ang mga humay human sa hángin, The rice plants were bent over after the wind storm. dungug v {1} [A12; a3b2] hear. Nakadungug ka sa kasábà? Did you hear the noise? Wà nákù madungug ang íyang tawag, I didn’t hear him calling. Ayawg sábà. Hidunggan ta unyà, Don’t make any noise. S.o. will hear us. Hidunggan nákù ang ílang hunghung, I overheard what they were whispering about. {2} [A23; a12] listen. Dungga ra gud ku úsà, Hear me out. {2a} heed one’s requests. Gidungug ang ákung pangalyúpù, He heard my prayers. {2b} dì na mudungug ug tawgun be distantly related (won’t heed if you call on them). Paryinti mi apan dì na mudungug ug tawgun, We’re related, but very distantly. a audible. Dungug kaáyu ang inyung tábì diri, I can hear your chattering here. n {1} action of having heard s.t. Sa ákung dungug, dus sintus lang tu, The way I heard it, it was only two hundred. {2} reputation, honor. Dungug sa pamilya, The honor of the family. Panalípud sa ímung dungug, Defend your honor. (←) v {1} [a12] be bruited about, widely known. Gidúngug siyang pinaangkan, It is widely known that she has had a child out of wedlock. {2} [C3] hear one another. Magkadúngug pa mi ánang distansiyáha, We can still hear one another over that distance. {3} [c4] hear from. Dúgay na siyang walà igdúngug, He hasn’t been heard from for a long time. {4} ig-, dungga, walà — [such-and-such] a case has never been. Wà igdúngug (dungga) nga may mamumúnù sa ílang pamilya, There has never been a murderer in their family. dinunggánay v [C] for siblings or close kin not to communicate directly but rather to hear from each other through letters or from other people either because of distance or because of bad personal relations. Nakigdinunggánay mi sa ámung igsúung bintahúsu, We broke off relations with our brother who took advantage of us. padungugdúngug v [A; a12] say s.t. in s.o.’s earshot to embarrass him or give him a hint. Nagpadungugdúngug siyag pinaskúhan, He talked about Christmas presents where I could hear him. Gipadungugdúngug ku níya nga kawatan ku, He let me overhear him calling me a thief. paka- v {1} [A13] hear many things. {2} [A12] cause s.o. to hear. Duktur nga nakapakadungug ug bungul, A doctor that enabled a deaf person to hear. pasi- v [A; b6] honor s.o. for an accomplishment. Gipasidunggan ang mananáug, The winner was given a victory celebration. n honor bestowed on one for his accomplishment. pinasidunggan n honoree. panunggan v [A23] heed advice, instructions, and the like. Gáhì ug úlu. Dílì manunggan ug tambag, He’s stubborn. He won’t listen to advice. dunggan, dalunggan n {1} ears. {2} ear-like projections on the end of sacks formed when the mouth of the sack is tied up. {3} ígù rang nakagunit sa — just barely made the grade. dalunggandalunggan, dalunggan sa amù = layat. dinalunggan n {1} shaped like the ear. {2} k.o. ear-shaped cookie. dunggánan a famed, widely honored. ig-l-(←) n s.t. to hear with. kadunggánan n honor. madunggánun a honorable. pang-, pan- n sense of hearing.† dúnguk v [A; b(1)] do, devote one’s entire attention to s.t., do s.t. intently. Nagdúnguk siyag tuun kay iksámin na, She studied intently because it was exams time. Gidungúkan níyag usa ka adlaw ang pagpanglaba, She devoted an entire day to washing clothes. dúnguy = dungluy. dunluk_1 n k.o. acute chicken cholera. v [A123P; a4] be afflicted with chicken cholera. dunluk_2 n heavy, continuous rain. v [A; b(1)] for there to be a heavy, continuous rain. Kadunlukun run kay ngitngit man, It looks like we’re going to get a heavy rain because it is so dark. dunsal v [A; ac] thrust the end or tip of s.t. at s.t. or strike with it. Lubut sa awtu ang midunsal sa pusti, It was the hind end of the car that struck the post. dunsilya a {1} virgin. Sa taga Sibu pisù ray dunsilya, The only virgins in Cebu are baby chicks. {2} too small in opening (like the vagina of a virgin). Dunsilyag líab ning sinináa, The neck opening in this shirt is much too small. v {1} [B1256] turn out to be a virgin. {2} [A12; a3] get oneself a virgin for intercourse. {3} [b6] consider an opening small. {4} [A12] break in a virgin. Aku ang nakadunsilya ánang bayhána, I broke in that woman. dunsul = dungsul. dúnul = túnul. dúnut v {1} [AB12; a2] wear s.t. out, become worn out. Dì ka makadúnut áning sinináa sa usa ka túig kay lig-un, You can’t wear this dress out in one year because it’s strong. Nadunútan kug upat ka pár nga sapátus sa usa ka túig, I’ve had four pairs of shoes wear out on me in one year. {2} [B12; b6] spoil, rot slightly. Nagkadunut na ang mangga, The mangoes are going bad. (→) a {1} worn-out. {2} somewhat rotten, spoiled. {3} lousy in situation. Dunut ang ákung kapaláran, I have a lousy fate in life. {4} for manners or personality to be evil, wicked. Dunut nga kinaíya, Bad in character. {5} — nga baráha {5a} lousy cards. {5b} unbelievable excuse. Ayaw ku patuhúa ánang ímung dunut nga baráha, Don’t try to make me believe your improbable excuses. dunya {1} title before Christian names for rich ladies, esp. those of Spanish blood. {2} names given to varieties of the ornamental plant, buyun. — awrúra white flower. — imilda pink flower. — lílang pink and white flower. — lus dark pink flower. — tríning red flower. dunyang = damyang. dupa v {1} [A; c16] extend the arms out sideways. Si Hisus nagdupa sa krus, Jesus is nailed to the cross with his arms extended sideways. {2} [A; b6] bar the way with outstretched arms. Ngánung ímu mang giduphan ang pultahan? Why are you barring the way with your arms outstretched? {2a} [A12; b8] prevent an occurrence. Dì maduphan ang pálit sa iliksiyun, You can’t stop vote-buying in the election. {3} [A; b] take over all of s.t. Giduphan sa mga insik ang pamaligyag asúkar, The Chinese have taken control over the sugar market. {3a} [A12; b8] take s.o.’s problems over for him. Maduphan ra nákù ang ímung galastúhan, I can take care of your expenses for you. {4} [A1; a] measure s.t. by fathoms. Dupha ang písì, See how many fathoms the rope is. {4a} [A; c] pay, take out [so-and-so] many fathoms. Duphi kini ug upat, Take out four fathoms from the rope. pa- v [A; a12] punish s.o. by making him extend his arms. Paduphun nátù ang pilyu, We’ll make the naughty boy stand with his arms stretched out. n fathom, the length from the finger tips of one hand to the finger tips of the other, measured with the arms outstretched. dup-ádik a dope addict. v [B126] be, become a drug addict. dupang n hives, itchy swellings caused by allergy. v [A123P; a4] get hives. duplikádu n duplicate, replica. duplikit n duplicate key. dupung n k.o. short-bodied and very venomous snake. duput a working assiduously, with constant and careful attention. v [A2; b(1)] work diligently with attention. Ug makaduput siya sa íyang pagtahì, hikalimtan ang káun, When he is concentrated on his tailoring, he forgets to eat. durabli a durable. v [B2; c1] be, make durable. Durablíha paghímu ang baskit, Make the basket durable. durádu n k.o. fish. duranti a {1} durable, long-lasting. Ang maung mas duranti kay sa sída, Denim is more durable than silk. — sa during the time that. Duranti sa gúbat didtu ra mi sa bukiran, We stayed in the mountains for the duration of the war. durar_1 v [A2; b4] last, remain for some time. Mudurar pa ning sapatúsa ug duha ka búlan, These shoes will last for two more months. Ang gíra dì na makadurar ug dúgay, The war cannot last much longer. Gidurahan sila sa ílang mga binatunan, Their maids stayed with them for some time. durar_2 v [A; a] plated with metal. durádu a plated. Durádug pláta, Silver plated. duraw = duldul. durbil n doorbell. durmilúna n style of round earrings, single or bunched, that doesn’t hang but hugs the lobe of the ear. durmituryána n a girl that stays in a dormitory or lodging house for women. durmituryu n dormitory or rooming house for students. v [A; a] make, put up a dormitory. *dúru_1 — nga [root referring to an action] do very hard. Dúru níya (siya)ng káug mangga, My! How he ate the mangoes. Dúru níya (siya)ng kawut! My! How he scratched. v [A23; a12] do [verb] all the more. Midúru hinúun siyag katáwa human buyaga, He laughed all the more when he was admonished. Durúha ang ímung tíngug kay dì mabátì, Speak louder. I can’t hear you. dúru_2 = duldul. dúrug v {1} [B12] break up, crumble into small pieces. Lamì ang ginamus kung madúrug na, Salted fish that has fermented and broken up into fine pieces tastes good. Nagkadurug na ang láwas sa patay, The corpse has started to decompose. {2} = duldug. -in- = dinuldug. see duldug. duruha see duha. duruk_1 v [A; b2c1] immerse, soak s.t. in a liquid. Duruka (iduruk) na ang linílas nga buli sa tinà, Immerse the buri strips into the dye now. duruk_2 n variety of pig that yields lean meat. dúrul = duldul. duryan n durian. It is not grown except in Southern Mindanao and Jolo and not widely known. dus number two. — pur — n two by two board. see tris for verb forms. dusáus, dusáhus, dusáwus v [A23; b6] for a baby to have its head crown in childbirth. Mityábaw ang babáying gidusawúsan, The woman screamed with pain as the baby started coming out. dusdus v {1} [A; ab2] strike repeatedly with s.t. using a forward thrusting motion, usually said of a knife or s.t. small. Nagdusdus ang kusiníra sa dukut sa kaldíru, The cook is scraping off the rice crust in the pot. Dusdusa ang tayà sa plantsa, Scrape off the rust on the iron. {2} [A3; ac] shove, push s.t. close towards or against s.t. Dusdúsa ang duha ka katri, Push the two beds together. Idusdus ang sulù sa balay sa putyúkan, Shove the torch against the beehive. {2a} [A2] push one’s way. Midusdus ang mga táwu pag-abut ni Imilda, The people pushed their way forward when Imelda arrived. {3} [A3; c] hand thrust s.t. at s.o. to force him to take it. Midusdus siyag singku písus, apan wà nákù dawáta, He tried to force the five pesos on me but I didn’t take them. n {1} blunt-ended instrument for removing weeds with a thrusting motion. {2} action of thrusting in small strokes. dúsi number or numeral twelve. Dúsi písus, Twelve pesos. Dúsi ka apustulis, Twelve apostles. — páris {1} the Douzepers of Charlemagne. {2} elite organization of self-defense named after the Douzepers. v see tris. dusib v [A; b6(1)] put a live ember or s.t. aflame to s.t. to set it afire or singe it. Naugdaw ang balay nga íyang gidusiban, The house that he set ablaze was burnt to the ground. Íyang gidusiban ang pínung balhíbu sa manuk, He singed the fine feathers off of the slaughtered chicken. dusil v [A; c] set s.t. burning to s.t. Dusilan ku nang bàbà mu ug mamalíkas ka, I’ll put a firebrand to your mouth if you cuss. dusína n dozen. Duha ka dusínang itlug, Two dozen eggs. v {1} [B26; b6] be a dozen. {2} [c16] buy s.t. by the dozen. *dusíngut see singut. dusipil n {1} the devil, Lucifer. {2} s.o. wicked or malicious like Lucifer. duslak v [A; ab2] {1} stab s.t. light and long at s.t. Duslaka nang irù arun mupaháwà, Poke the dog so he’ll move. {2} for a feeling to stab one. Udiyung sa kamíngaw ang miduslak sa íyang dughan, The arrow of loneliness stabbed his breast. n a thrust with s.t. long. duslib = duslit, 1. duslit v [A; b] {1} set s.t. ablaze. Duslíti ang mga sagbut nga ákung gitápuk, Set the trash I piled up on fire. Duslíti ang ribintadur, Set off the firecrackers. {2} light s.t. Muduslit ku áring ákung sigarilyu, I’ll light my cigarette. {3} = dusil. duslug a glutton, esp. one who never misses a fiesta. Duslug kaáyu nang tawhána kay hái gánì tung kumbira, túa, That man is a glutton because wherever there is a feast, he is sure to be there. dusmù v {1} [B1256] fall flat on one’s face. Nadusmù siya sa simintu, He fell flat on his face on the cement. {2} [B1256; c6] crash or ram head-on against. Nadusmù ang dyip sa pusti, The jeep rammed into a post. dusmug v [A; ab2c] bump, crash into, usually in a horizontal direction. Gidusmug siya sa kanding, The goat butted him. Ayaw idusmug nang dyip sa pusti, Don’t ram that jeep into a post. dusù v [A; c2] {1} push. Idusù (dus-i) ang paradur sa wala, Push the cabinet to the left. {1a} stab. Dus-an tika run áning ayispik, I’ll stab you with this ice-pick. {2} endorse, pass papers forward to a superior for approval. Wà pa idusù ang ákung apuwintmin ngadtu sa supirbaysur, My appointment hasn’t been endorsed to the supervisor yet. {3} hand over s.t. in payment of a large debt. Kini lang bábuy ákung idusù pára sa ákung útang, I will turn over this pig in payment of my debt. {4} haul in a truck. Mudusù ka rug balas? Are you going to haul sand now? n action of pushing, endorsing, paying, or hauling. Pila ka dusù nga balas ang ímung gipahatud? How many trucks full of sand did you have delivered? dusud = dusù (dialectal). dus-ug v [A; c] shove s.t. heavy over. Idus-ug níya ang makina tapad sa lamísa, She’ll shove the sewing machine next to the table. Ayaw ku idus-ug kay wà nay lugar diri, Do not push me. There is no more room here. dusul v [A; b6] bulge, stick out with a bulge underneath. Midusul na sa lagus ang ngípun sa bátà, The teeth in the child’s gums are about to push through. Nagdusul ang ribulbir sa iláwum sa ímung sinínà, Your revolver is bulging under your shirt. Yútà nga gidusulan sa kamúti, Soil bulging with sweet potatoes. dút = dulut, dúlut. dútà = yútà (dialectal). dutdut v {1} [A; a12] move close in through obstacles. Mudutdut ta ngadtu sa intabládu, Let’s push our way forward near the stage. {1a} for troops to close in. Gidutdut mi sa mga Hapun, The Japs were closing in on us. {2} [A2C; ac] crowd close to s.o.; put, be crowded together. Lisud basáhun kay nagdutdut ang mga litra, It is difficult to read because the letters are crowded together. Ayawg dutdúta ang táwung masukù, Don’t go too close to a person who is angry. Ayaw dutdúta pagbutang ang lingkuránan, Don’t put the chairs too close. {3} [A3; c] stuff s.t. into an opening. Dutdútig nuug ang lungag sa tangki, Stuff a rag into the hole in the tank. {4} [A] deseed cotton by running it through a small wringer through which the fiber, but not the seeds, can pass. a crowded close, close together. Kinabúhing dutdut sa Diyus, A life close to God. -an(→) n wringer for deseeding cotton. dutù n porcupine fish: Diodon spp. dut-uy v [A; c] press s.t. to s.t. else to leave a mark. Nakadut-uy ka na sa mga papílis? Have you thumbmarked the documents? Ayawg idut-uy ang ímung kamut sa basà nga simintu, Don’t leave a hand mark in the wet concrete. dúug = dul-ug. duugduug v [B6] feel giddy, usually from a hang-over or nausea. Nagduugduug ang íyang ū́ kay naigù gabíi, He feels light-headed because he was very drunk last night. n feeling of light-headedness. duuk, dúuk v [A; c] dunk, press s.t. under the water. Planggánang ákung giduukan sa mga bulingun, The basin in which I squashed the dirty clothes. Idúuk ku nang úlu mu sa baril, I’ll dunk your head in that barrel. dúul_1 v {1} [A; ac] go, put where s.t. is. Ayaw siya duúla ug masukù, Don’t go to him if he is angry. Idúul diri nang asin bi, Please pass me the salt (put the salt here). {1a} [A; b6] approach, come near. Ang isdà dílì madúul run, You can’t get near (pay the price of) fish these days. Langgam nga giduúlan sa iring, A bird that the cat was coming near to. {1b} [C; ac] be, put close together. Nagdúul ang ílang lingkuránan, Their chairs are close together. {1c} [C; c1] be close in personal relationships. Ang maáyung manidyir makigdúul sa íyang mga sákup, A good manager is close to his staff. {2} [A; ac5] approach s.o. with a request. Lisud kaáyu siyang duúlun. Maíkug lang ta, He is a difficult person to approach. I’m ashamed to go ask him. Ang ákung idúul níya? Manghangyù lang ku sa uban, I would never approach her to ask for it. I will just ask s.o. else. {3} [A; a12] have sexual intercourse (most frequently used euphemism). Ang bána dílì paduúlun sa asáwa basta riglahun, A husband is not allowed to have relations with his wife when she menstruates. {4} [A23; b6] for a child to let himself be approached by s.o. Mudúul nyà siya nímu ug maánad na, He will let you pick him up once he gets used to you. (→) a {1} near. Duul na lang ang Pasku, Christmas is near now. Duul ra dinhi ang karsáda, The road is near here. Duul pang parinti ang igtagsa, Your first cousin is still a close relative. {2} be almost [so-and-so] much. Duul na alas dúsi siya maulì, It was nearly twelve when she got home. {3} — sa kusína, luwag close to s.o. in power. Dì musayup ang aplikisyun kay duul ku sa luwag, The application won’t fail because I’m close to s.o. in power. v {1} [B12; c] be, become near. Ug maduul na ang bakasyun, When vacation time is near. Nagkaduul ang bagyu, The storm is drawing nearer and nearer. Iduul nà pagbutang sa kaláyu, Put that near the fire. {2} [B2; b(1)] be nearly [so-and-so] much. Dul-an (muduul) na sa usa ka gatus ang ganansiya, The profit is nearly a hundred. pa- v [A; a] allow s.o. or s.t. to approach one. pa-(→) v [A; c] go, put near s.t. Laksut siyag padul-an, She is ugly if you get close. Ipaduul ang sugà nákù, Put the lamp near me. -g- near each other. ha- very near. kinadul-an closest. dúul_2 n {1} the air (‘breathing’) roots of the pagatpat tree. {2} cork, so called because it is similar in substance to the air roots of the pagatpat. v [c1] stop up with a cork. duum v [A; c] {1} put s.t. in the mouth and eat it hastily. Giduum sa bátà ang tanang kindi arun dì makapanghátag, The child tossed all the candy in her mouth so she would not have to share it. {2} eat s.t. which usually accompanies s.t. else to eat or drink all alone. Nagduum lang mi sa kísu kay way pán, We ate the cheese alone because we didn’t have any bread. Ayaw iduum nang pulbus litsi. Kutáwa, Don’t eat the powdered milk just like that. Mix it with water. {3} bribe. Íla lang dum-an ang mga dagkung mamsà sa ílang kásu, They just bribed the influential persons in their case. duun v [A; c6] press, bear down heavily. Kinsay nagduun pagsulat sa pawntinpin? Nadáut hinúun, Who wrote bearing down on this fountain pen? Now it’s broken. Iduun giyud ang kumagkù arun kláru ang támà, Press the thumb hard enough to get a clear fingerprint. dúung {1} = dunggù. {2} = dul-ung. duungduung = dunggùdunggù. see dunggù. -um-r- n a transient s.w. duut v [A; c] {1} put, push on to s.t. Iduut ang ímung dunggan sa bungbung, Put your ears to the wall. Ímu kung giduut sa bungbung, You pushed me against the wall! {2} press down on s.t. Iduut ang lápis pagsuwat, Bear down on the pencil when you write. Iduut ang timbri, Press the bell. {3} press s.o. to do s.t. Ug dì siya nímu iduut, ása man nà siya mubáyad? If you don’t press him, do you think he’ll pay? {4} [A] for fish to be in large schools, birds or insects to be in huge swarms. Nagduut ang mga dúlun, The locusts are in swarms. Nagduut ang mga táwu nga misúgat sa Santu Pápa, The people came in huge swarms to meet the Pope. n swarm of birds, insects, throng of people, school of fish. (←) v [A13] swarm in huge numbers. duwa- see also dula-. duwahug = bulahug. duwáhut v [A; c] fasten s.t. with a pin or s.t. similar. Duwahútig tukug ang papil nga giputus, Fasten the wrapping paper with a twig. dúwal v {1} [A; a] drive with both the front and rear wheels. Duwála arun makakáwas ang trák, Put it into dual drive so the truck can get out. {2} [A; c1] push or pull a vehicle over an obstacle or elevation. Dílì makadaug nga mudúwal ang karabaw sa karumáta kay bug-at ang karga, The carabao can’t pull the cart over the elevation because it has a heavy load. n having front and rear-wheel drive. duwílu n duel. v [C; b3c] have a duel. dúwit n duet. v [A2C; c1] sing or play a duet. duy short for uduy or unduy. dúy v [A13; a4] for s.t. to happen at a very inopportune time. Magdúy sag pangáyù ning anak kug wà kuy kwarta, My child asks money from me when I am broke. Dúyun man sag dimálas ning átung tindáhan inay pang gamay ra tag puhúnan, My! Our store is beset with bad luck at the very time that we have very little capital. duyà v [B46] be nauseated. Muduyà ang ákung ginhawaan ug makakaun kug ngilngig, I feel nauseated when I eat greasy foods. dúyan n hammock. Ayaw kug ihása. Úna ku nímu sa dúyan, Don’t try to fool me. I was not born yesterday. (I was in the cradle before you.) — sa dughan bra (colloquial). v {1a} [AB16; a] rock s.o., oneself in a hammock. Nagdúyan siya sa bátà, She rocked the baby in the hammock. Nagdúyan ug kusug ang bátà, The child rocked back and forth hard. Duyána siya, Rock him. {b} [A; c] put in a hammock. {2} [A; a] swing back and forth. Mudúyan sa hángin ang mga búlak, The flowers wave back and forth in the breeze. {2a} [A; a] for an emotion to sway one. Duyánun dáyun siya sa dì matúkib nga pagbátì, He will be swayed by an incomprehensible feeling. {3} [A; a] make a hammock. duyas v {1} [B2] slip, lose one’s footing. Miduyas (naduyas) ang ákung tiil mau nga nabulásut ku, I lost my footing. That’s why I stepped into a hole. {2} [B6; b6] for s.t. to slip loose from the place it was put over or across. Ilansang nang tabla kay nagduyas na sa nahimutangan, Nail that board because it has slipped down from the place where it was put. {3} [B26; a] glance off and strike s.t. else. Miduyas (naduyas) ang sundang pagtigbas ku sa káhuy, The bolo glanced off the wood as I was cutting down the tree. {4} [B26] for words one didn’t really mean to say to slip out of the mouth. Naduyas ku pagsulti. Sikrítu man untà tu, I let it out inadvertently. It was supposed to be a secret. duyduy = duldul. duydúy v {1} [A13; b6] go from place to place to look for s.o. or s.t. very much needed. Nagduydúy kug pangítà ug kwarta, I went from place to place to look for money. {2} [A1; b6] roam around aimlessly. Nagduydúy lang ku nganhi, I’m just roaming around here aimlessly. dúyug n musical accompaniment. v {1} [AC; b] accompany s.o. with a musical instrument. Duyúgi ku kay mukanta ku, Accompany me. I’m going to sing now. {1a} accompany, as if music. Nagdúyug ang hagurus sa hángin ug ang ulan, The rain and howling wind accompanied each other. {2} share, sympathize with s.o.’s feelings, for two feelings to be in harmony. Nagkadúyug ang duha ka kwanggul, The two fools hit it off. Ang kasubù nga giduyúgan sa tanang katilingban, Sorrow which the whole community participated in. Pag-antus dinuyúgan sa hinulsul, Suffering accompanied by repentance. {2a} participate in an action and thus share the same feeling. Mudúyug ku sa pag-ampù, I will join in the prayers. Mudúyug ku sa ímung trabáhu, I will share your suffering and work with you. {3} [A; a] tune an instrument. Duyúga ang sista, Tune the guitar. duyum, dúyum (from dulum) n evening, night (dialectal). v [B125; b5] be, become evening or night. dúyung = dúgung. dwindi = diwindi. dwítu = dúwit. dy- for words with dy- see also y-. dya- dyasingku n five-peso bill. dyabayinti n twenty-peso bill. dyà = unyà (dialectal). dyáb v [A; b6(1)] jab, punch in boxing. n jab. dyába n variety of cassava. dyablis n jobless, unemployed. dyáds n judge in court, of a contest. v [A] be a judge. dyadyis = dyads (plural). dyag v [A; b6] jog, run at a jog. dyag-aw v [A3; a12] to talk loud in a bad mood. Nabuak ang básu maung midyag-aw si Máma, The glass broke, and that’s why Mama is ranting. Nagdyag-aw siya kay nawā̀ ang singsing, He is ranting and raving because he lost his ring. -an(→) a having a tendency to talk loud in a bad mood. dyáging = dyag. dyak n {1} jack, knave in playing cards. {2} jack to raise s.t. v [A; b] {1} raise s.t. with a jack. Dyáki (dyaki) ang kutsi, Lift the car with a jack. {2} strike with an upward thrust of the knee. Gidyákan siya sa suwang, He was kicked with the knee in the jaw. {3} [A12] draw a jack. dyáki n briefs. v [A; a] wear briefs. dyakimpuy, dyakinpuy = pík. dyákit n {1} jacket. {2} jacket of a book. v [A; a] wear, make into a jacket. dyakpat n jackpot, huge prize. a being financially very rewarding for the effort put into it. Dyakpat kaáyu nang trabahúa nímu, You got yourself a soft job with a huge salary. v {1} [A12; b8] hit the jackpot, strike it lucky. Nakadyakpat didtug barátu kaáyung radiyu, I hit the jackpot by getting a very cheap radio. {2} [A2N; ab2] make a good marriage. Midyakpat (nanyakpat) siyag byúdang sapían, He managed to get a rich widow for himself. dyakstun n {1} game of jacks. {2} jack, jackstone used for playing jacks. v [AC; b6(1)] play jacks. dyalusi n jalousies. v [A; a] make jalousies. dyam n jam, marmalade. v [A; a] make jam. dyambul v [A2C; c1] jump ball in basketball. n action of tossing a jump ball. dyamburi n boy scout jamboree. v [A1; b(1)] have a jamboree. dyáming = dyamsisyun. dyamp daspáyin = dyamp dispáyin. dyamp dispáyin n children’s game of jumping over obstacles. v [A1C; a2] play jump-the-spine. dyampingkuy = pík. dyampir n a sleeveless dress for wearing over a blouse or sweater. v [A; c1] wear, make into a jumper. dyamsisyun n informal get-together, usually in the afternoon, with dancing and refreshments. v [A12C2; c1] have an informal dance party. dyamu = yamu. dyamuntris = dimungkug. dyanà = kanà_1 (dialectal). dyandi n rare ability, sparkle of genius. May dyandi siya sa pag-áwit, She has a rare talent for singing. dyángk v [A; c] drop a political candidate from a ticket. Gidyángk si Ispína ni Sirhing pabur kang Búris, Serging junked Espina in favor of Borres. dyangkimpuy = pík. dyanitur n janitor. v [B16; a2] become a janitor. *dyapan dyapandyapan, dyapanis = ginamusginámus. see gamus. dyapinis = byatilis. dyár n jar. Usa ka dyár nga pínat bátir, A jar of peanut butter. dyás n jazz. v [A; c1] play jazz, play s.t. in jazz time. Ang Dáhil sa Iyu nga idyás (dyasun), Dahil sa Iyo played in jazz time. dyaski a mild, half-affectionate oath used to curse s.o. Nagkadúngan pa ang mga dyaski, The devils arrived at the same time. dyatilis = byatilis. dyíd n jade. v [A1; a] wear jade. dyikni n k.o. jitney transportation used before the war, light passenger trucks plying certain routes taking passengers for five centavos anywhere along the route. v [A; a12] take a dyikni, make s.t. into a dyikni. dyiktin = hiktin. dyíli n jelly. v {1} [A; a2] cook, make into a jelly. {2} (→) [A; b6(1)] eat jelly. Dì ku mudyili kay gidilì nákù ang tam-is, I will not eat jelly because I am not allowed to eat sweets. dyilirul n jellyroll. v [A; c1] make jellyrolls. dyilusi = dyalusi. dyím n gym, gymnasium. dyimnastiks n gymnastics. v [A1; b(1)] do gymnastics. dyimnasyum n gymnasium. v [a12] make into a gymnasium. *dyiniral — admisyun, — manidyir, — Makartur general admission, manager, MacArthur, et al. dyíns n thick long trousers for women. v [A; a] wear jeans, make into jeans. dyintul man a gentlemanly, for a man to be courteous. v [B1; b6] be, become gentlemanly in behavior. dyinuwin a genuine. Lamì ang tubà kun dyinuwin nga tungug ang gamítun, The toddy tastes nice if genuine mangrove bark is used. v [b6] consider genuine. dyíp n {1} jeep. {2} = dyipni. v [A; a] take a jeep or jeepney s.w. dyipni n jeep made into a passenger vehicle. v [A1; a2] ride a jeepney. Makadyipni ta ngadtu, We can get there by jeep. dyip-ut = gip-ut. dyirk n dance called ‘the jerk’. v [AC; c1] dance the jerk. dyirman kat n crew cut, haircut with the sides shaved clean and only a little hair left on the top. v [a12] cut hair in the crew cut style. dyirsi n jersey, a k.o. cloth of an elastic weave. v [A; b(1)] wear jersey. dyíru n zero. v {1} [AN; b5] give a zero in school, not let an opponent get more than zero in games. Nangdyíru ang taga Yúbi námù, We got zero in our game against U.V. (Lit. The U.V. team gave us a zero.) Nadyíru (nadyirúhan) ku sa mat, I got a zero in Math. {2} [B3; c1] for a gauge to reach zero. Ug mudyíru ang tirmumitru, maáyis na ang túbig, Water will freeze when the thermometer reaches zero. dyís_1 number ten. see tris for usage. dyís_2 n odds of five to four in betting. v [A3; a1c2] give 5 to 4 odds in betting. Idyis (dyísan) lang nátù ang átung kuntra, We will just give 5 to 4 odds in our bets to our opponent. dyisinuybi = disinuybi. For words with dyisi- see disi-. dyismus n tithe. v [A; c] give one’s tithe. dyít n jet plane. v [A1; ac] take a jet plane. dyitplin = dyít. dyíwil n {1} jewel of a watch. {2} walay — having no money or no education. Ayg súkul ánang way dyíwil, Don’t fight with that ignoramus. dyúbus n any powdered dye. dyuditsu n ju-jitsu. dyúdu n judo. v [A; a] apply judo to s.o. Ákù bitaw siyang gidyúdu, haplà lagi, I judoed him, and he fell flat. dyudista n one who does judo. v [B16] become a judo expert. dyúk = dúki. dyukbaks n juke box. v [A12] obtain a juke box. dyúkir a {1} fond of making jokes. {2} one who goofed, made a ludicrous mistake. Kadyúkir nímu. Ngánung gikandadúhan nímung yáwi sa kaban? You goof. Why did you lock the key in the trunk? n {1} joker card. {2} situation in mahjong where any one of three different pieces would let the person go mahjong. dyúlin n {1} marbles. {2} game of marbles. {3} expression uttered when making a hole. v {1} [AC; a] play marbles. {2} [A12; b5] put a marble in a hole. Dyulínun (dyulínan) ku ang síkan, I will shoot for the second hole. Dyún n June. v see disimbri. dyunbráyid n June bride. dyunsun n outboard motor, so called after the brand name ‘Johnson’. v [A1; a12] take a motorboat. dyunyur n {1} son who bears the father’s name. {2} member of the Junior class. {3} ákung, íyang, etc. — my, his penis (colloquial). v {1} [A; a] name a child after the father or call him ‘Junior’. {2} [A12] have a baby boy (colloquial). dyús n fruit or vegetable juice. v [A1] drink juice. dyúti v [A; b6] for guards, nurses, or the like to have duty. Akuy nagdyúti dihang gikawátan ang budíga, I was the one on duty when the warehouse was burglarized. n one’s turn to have duty. híbi — s.t. that can be used for heavy-duty work. dyúwil = duwílu. dyúwit = dúwit. dyuy rayding v [A1C; b6] go for a ride for pleasure. Nagdyuy rayding mi didtu sa riklimisyun, We went for a ride in the reclamation area. n ride. === G === G. abbreviation for Ginúu ‘Mister’. G. ug Gng. Purtunátu Búut, Mr. and Mrs. Fortunato Buot. -g- infix added after the vowel of the first syllable of adjectives referring to measurements to pluralize—i.e., form adjective referring to more than one thing. Dagkù, Big. Tag-as, Long. Lagpad, Wide. Lagyù, Far away from each other. ga short for sangga_1. ga- short for naga-. gā́ = gála_1. gà_1 = gánì (dialectal). gà_2 short for pinalanggà, used in address: sweetie pie. gâ = galà. gáab = agaab. gaak v [B146; a12] walk with legs somewhat spread apart. Naggaak siya kay gihubagan sa búgan, He walked with legs spread apart because he had a boil in the groin. a walking with legs somewhat spread apart. gaan a {1} light, not heavy in weight. Gaan ka kay kanákù, You’re lighter than I am. {2} easy, not strenuous. Gaan nga búhat, Light jobs. {3} not grave. Gaan ra ang sílut, The sentence was too lenient. — ug buut {1} in a good mood, having a light disposition by nature. {2} somewhat mentally deranged. — ang dugù having specially good feelings toward a person. Parinti diay nákù maung gaan ang ákung dugù níya, I have special feelings for him as he turned out to be a relative of mine. — ug kamut {1} quick to lift a hand when provoked. Manumbag kun masukù ang gaan ug kamut, A quick-tempered person lifts his hand when angry. {2} quick to get at or steal s.t. without being noticed. {3} good at drawing or doing things with hands. Himúang dibuhista kining batáa kay gaan ug kamut, Make this child an artist because he has creative hands. — ang láwas feel better after an illness. Gaan na ang ákung láwas human kaindiksiyuni, I feel better now after the injection. — ug sulti speak in a disorganized way as if mentally deranged. — ug úlu have a light-headed feeling from lack of sleep, seasickness, and the like. v [B2; b6] {1} become light. Mugaan kanang ímung gipas-an kun kuháag katungà, Your load will be lightened if you remove half of it. Gigaanan ku sa trabáhu, I consider the work not strenuous. {2} lessen in intensity. Ang pagtug-an makagaan (makapagaan) sa sintinsiya, If you confess, your sentence will be lighter. — ang buut v [B6] {1} get to be in good mood. {2} get somewhat deranged. Nigaan ang íyang buut pagkamatay sa íyang anak, She went nearly crazy when her son died. — ang láwas v [B2] get recovered from an illness. — ang úlu v [B] get light-headed from lack of sleep, airsickness, etc. gáang n {1} large coral rocks, sharp pointed with deep depressions. {2} clod of earth. ka-an n {1} place with lots of sharp-pointed rocks. {2} field covered with dried clods of earth. v [B26] for an area to lose its soil such that it becomes stony and infertile. gáay a {1} for wood, twigs, leaves to be light and extremely dry. {2} an old maid. v {1} [B23(1); a] be, become dry. Migáay (nagáay) na ang kupras, The copra is already dry. Sigaun kaáyu ang langkay basta makagáay na, The dry coconut frond burns easily once it has become dry. {2} [A23N] become an old maid. (→) a {1} = gáay. {2} light, not heavy. v [B2; b6] become light, not heavy. Mugaay (magaay) giyud ang dalag yayúngan, A load gets lighter if several people carry it. gáb_1 acronym for Games and Amusement Board. gáb_2 = galab. gábà n punishment which comes as a natural consequence of some transgression, esp. a moral transgression. Ang íyang sakit mauy gábà nga gihátag sa Ginúu, His sickness is the punishment which the Lord imposed on him. puyra — formula for warding off gábà: ‘May God not punish me for this.’ Puyra gábà, ngánung musúkul ka man sa ímung amahan? God forgive you, why did you rebel against your father? v [A12; b4] have retribution visited on one. Gabáan ka sa ímung pagpasipálà sa dibultu, You will be punished for defiling the image. Ayaw kug gabái, Don’t be a cause of my getting divine retribution (said by s.o. who has done s.t. to s.o. which might bring him gábà, e.g., leaving a host while he is eating). gabàgabà n gábà which comes in small installments as the result of a long period of moral transgression. Súgud nang gabàgabà, búnga sa íyang pagkapalikíru, Now the punishment he deserves begins, the result of his philanderings. -an(→) n one who has power of causing people to suffer gábà. gaban v [A; a12] {1} have sexual relations. Ígù ka lang gabanun ánang mga laláking ímung gikuyugkúyug, You will end up having sexual relations with the boys you go around with. {2} swipe, steal (slang). Gigaban ang ákung sigarilyu, S.o. stole my cigarettes. gabang n instrument for turning the soil over, consisting of a round, wooden pole with a tongue made of a short, rectangular piece of iron attached to one end. v [A; a12b2] strike with a gabang. (←) v [A; a] turn the soil over with a gabang. gabardin n gabardine cloth. v [A1] wear gabardine. gabas_1 v {1} [A; a] saw. Kining parti sa tabla mau ang gabsun, Saw this part of the wood. {2} [A2N; b6] take a short cut s.w. Anhi ku dinhi manggabas paingun sa íla, I take a short cut through here to get to their house. n saw. (←) v [A1] do intense sawing. n intense sawing action. gabasgábas v {1} [A; a2] go back and forth. Gabasgabásun nang kapitulyug nganhi ug mailiksiyun, We will keep going back and forth from here to the Capitol during the elections. {2} [A; a] hit a billiard ball so that it cris-crosses. gabsanan n sawmill. -in- n sawdust. -in-(←) n {1} rough cuttings of lumber. Ang mga ginábas kinahanglan nga sipilyáhan, The rough cuttings must be planed smooth. {2} excess cuttings of lumber. ginabsan n {1} s.t. from which a piece was sawed off. {2} s.o. already lightly used, like lumber with a piece sawed off (slang): a widow or widower, an unwed mother. -íru n sawyer. gabsunun n sawdust. gabas_2 n old maid, spinster. v [B12; b6] be, become an old maid. gábas v [AC; c] walk side by side with. Mugábas tag lakaw sa mga dalága, Let’s catch up to the girls to walk alongside of them. gábat = kalábat. gabay v [A; b6] hold on to s.t. to keep from sinking. Ímung gabyan kining salbabída, Hold on to this life saver. n support, s.t. to hold on to. Ang ákung mga anak mahímung gabay sa ákung katigulangun, My children will support me in my old age. (←) v [A2S; b6(1)] walk with s.t. to lean on or to hold on to for support. Migábay sa kurdísu paingun sa kusína, She walked to the kitchen supporting herself on the window sill. -an n s.t. which one holds on to keep from falling or sinking. gabhang n a gaping tear or hole. Tapáki ang dakung gabhang sa ímung sinínà, Patch the large gaping hole in your dress. v [B26; b6(1)] get a gaping tear or hole in it. Migabhang (nagabhang) ang atup nga nípà nga nahulúgan sa lubi, The thatch roof got a big hole in it where a coconut fell through it. gabhut v [A; b6(1)] tie string around s.t. or over the mouth of a container. Siyay naggabhut sa pakíti nga ipadala sa Amirika, He bound the package to be sent to the States. Uway ang igabhut sa batúang punù sa ságing, Use rattan to close the top of the basket of bananas. n string used to tie on s.t. or over the mouth of containers. gábi n taro, a large herb with arrow-shaped leaves, cultivated mainly for its underground corms, which are eaten in sweet stews. They are also eaten boiled or baked in times of famine. The leaves, shoots and petioles are also used as a vegetable: Colocasia esculenta. — sa Amirikánu, Haway = bisul. gabigabi n name given to various plants which resemble gábi. {1} wild plants, Monochoria spp. {2} ornamentals, Caladium spp. gabíi n {1} night. {2} = ka-. gabhiúna n particular night. Niánang gabhiúna walà mahimutang si Liliya, That night Lily could not rest. v {1} [B5] be night. Mugabíi na ang alas singku, It gets to be night at five o’clock. Magkítà sila magabíi, They see each other at night. {2} [A13P] do s.t. until night. Maggabíi tag tuun, Let’s study until night. {3} [b8] be overtaken by night. Nagabhian (nagabin-an) siya sa íyang pagpaúlì, He was overtaken by night on his way home. pa-(→), paka-(→), pa-, paka- v [A1] {1} spend the night. Nagpagabíi (nagpagabii, nagpakagabíi) sila sa mutil, They spent the night in a motel. {2} allow oneself to be overtaken by night. Ug magpagabii (magpakagabíi) ka sa ímung lakaw, piligru kaáyu, It will be dangerous for you if you allow yourself to be overtaken by night while you are out. panghi- v [A23] for it to be almost night. Manghigabíi tingáli siya muanhi, He’ll get here round about nightfall. Culu-, gabiigabíi evenings. Malígù siya gabiigabíi, He swims in the evening. -in-(→) a happening every night. Ginabii ang ílang dúlà sa hay-alay, They play Jai-Alai every night. ka- last night. Ang pulis gipatay kagabíi, The policeman was killed last night. kagabhíun n nighttime. gabhíun, gabhiánun a taking place at night. Ang gabhíung (gabhiánung) tulumanun sa radiyu, The evening program on the radio. † gabing_1 v [A; c1] close up a rip, join two pieces of cloth together by sewing or pinning. Ákung gabingun (igabing) ang duha ka ngilit, I’ll join the two edges. Ákung gabingan ang gisì, I’ll close up the tear. n closure made by sewing two edges together. -in-an n aperture that has been sewed or pinned together. gabiníti n government cabinet. gabling v [A; ac] push or pull to the side. Gigabling sa iskultur ang tabun sa istatúwa, The sculptor pulled the cover off the statue. {2} [A; c1] snatch in a sidewise motion. Migabling siya sa íyang pitáka, He snatched her purse. Gablínga (gablinga, igabling) ang takup sa pultahan, Pull the door shutter to the side. gabnut v [A; a12b2] pull up and uproot s.t. flexible with a jerk. Nagabnut (nagabnutan) ku man pag-apil ang mga búlak nga gitanum, I accidentally pulled out the flowers along with the weeds. Ákung gigabnut ang íyang buhuk, I pulled her hair. gabù, gábù_1 v [AN; a] pull out by the roots. Gabúa lang ang mga balíli arun dì muturuk pag-usab, Just pull out the grass by the roots so it won’t grow back. gábù_2 v [AN; b6c1] heat medicinal herbs wrapped in banana leaves over live coals before applying them. Maggábù kug mga sagibunhun pára sa ryúma ni Tátay, I’ll warm medicinal herbs for Father’s rheumatism. gabuk_1 a {1} for wood and fiber to be weakened from decay. Nabugtù ang písì kay gabuk na diay, The rope broke because it was already rotten. {2} not well-founded, unsound. Tinuhúang gabuk, Unsound religions. — ug balatían readily persuaded. Kagabuk nímug balatían! Misálig ka man dáyun níya, How easily you are persuaded! You believed him right away! — ug láwas tending to get sick easily. — ug tinái having a lousy stomach. v [B2; a4] for wood or fibers to get decayed and weak. Nagkagabuk na kining sawug, This floor is beginning to rot. Ang káhuyng maáyung gamítun mau kanang wà pa gabka (gabuka), The best wood to use is the kind that has not begun to decay yet. gabuk_2 n k.o. univalve. gab-ul n {1} fish prepared by salting, spicing, and partly drying in the sun. {2} smell of rotten fish. v {1} [A; a] prepare gab-ul. Lamì gab-úlun ang isdang bangus, Milkfish makes good gab-ul. {2} [B12; a] come to smell spoiled like rotten fish. Nagab-ul na lang ang isdà kay dúgay kaáyung gilútù, The fish got spoiled because they didn’t cook it right away. gabun_1 = muung. gabun_2, gábun_1 n k.o. half-woody herb, the leaves of which have medicinal uses: Blumea balsamifera. gábun_2 n fog. v [B46; b6] be covered with fog. Mugábun (gabúnan) ang búkid sa sayung kabuntágun, On early mornings the mountains are covered with fog. -un a foggy. gábut v [A; a] pull out plants not in a careful way. Ang lagwirta gigabútan na sa mga sagbut, The weeds in the yard have been pulled out now. -in- n fatty tissue attached to the lining of the pig’s abdomen and rib cage which can be removed by simply pulling it off. -un(→) n s.t. that can be pulled out without digging. Maning gabutun, A variety of peanut that is just pulled out when harvested because the nuts hang on to the roots. gádim v [A3; a12b2] say god damn. Gadímun ka giyug magsurangsurang ka, He’ll say god damn to you if you pester him. gadímit expression of annoyance. Gadímit ning tawhána, Damn that guy. gadlas = garas. gága = gágu (feminine). gagmáting = gamáting (plural). gagmátuy = gamátuy (plural). gagmay = gamay (plural). gagming = gaming (plural). gagmítuy = gamátuy (plural). gágu a stupid, lacking in sound judgment. Kagágu nímu! Ngánung wà ka man muhangyù? You’re a fool. Why didn’t you bargain the price down? v [B12; b6] become stupid. kagagúhan n stupidity. gaguy a doing crazy, improper things (slang). Gaguy. Nagbrip lang sa gawas, The idiot. He goes outside in his briefs. v [B12; b6] become silly or stupid. gáhab = galhab. gahad v [A; a] cut down grass, weeds, young plants. Nagahad kug apil ang mga gagmay nga mangga, I accidentally cut down the small mango trees as well. Dalì rang mutúbù ang mga sagbut ug gadhun lang, The grass will grow back quickly if you only cut it down. gahápun (from hápun) yesterday. Gahápun ku lang siya makítà, I only saw her yesterday. ka- n {1} one’s past. Ang íyang kagahápun punù ug mga masulub-ung handumánan, Her past is full of sad memories. may — for a woman to have a shady past. {2} = gahápun. gahas, gáhas_1 v [A; a] clear an area by cutting down trees and tall plants, but not grass and weeds. Manggáhas siya sa púngut úsà daúbi, He cuts down the second growth jungle before he sets the fire for clearing it. Sila ang únang naggáhas sa dálan sa kaálam sa mga lapyù nga kaisípan, They were the ones who paved the way (lit. cleared the road) for the education of young minds. maN-r- n one who lives by slash and burn agriculture. gáhas_2 = gás, n 1. gáhì a {1} hard, not soft. Gáhì pa ang nilat-ang manuk, The chicken stew is still tough. {2a} hard to do s.t. to. Gáhì kaáyung ablíhun, Very hard to open. Gáhì nga dad-un sa sáyaw, Difficult to lead in dancing. {2b} hard to get to do s.t. Misugut na ang asáwa apan ang bána mauy gáhì, The wife has consented but the husband remains adamant. {2c} insensitive. Gáhig kasingkásing, Stone-hearted. {2d} slow to do s.t. which one is supposed to do. Gáhì kaáyung mubáyad sa útang, Very slow to pay his debts. {3} slow to adapt, understand. Gáhing muusab sa íyang kinaíya, Slow to change his ways. {4a} i nga — letter e (speaking of English). {4b} letter i (speaking of Spanish). — nga tíngug stern, angry tone of voice. — ug ilung contrary, stubborn (like a carabao that goes the opposite direction when s.o. pulls on his nose ring). Gáhig ilung. Dì giyud magsapátus, What a stubborn child. She simply won’t put her shoes on. -g úlu {1} = gáhig ilung. {2} slow to understand. Gáhig úlu, dì kasabut, He is slow in comprehending; he doesn’t understand. v [BN2S3(1); a2] become tough, hard. Mugáhì (manggáhì) ang láwas inigkamatay, The body stiffens when one dies. Maggahì ning ákù ug makaadláwun, Mine (my penis) is always stiff in the morning. Gahíun paglútù ang latik, Cook the syrup until it is hard. paN- v [A2; b6] be rigid so as to be difficult to carry. Ug sakwátun ka ayaw panggáhì, If s.o. carries you, don’t make yourself rigid. ma- a hard. v [B1456] be hard to convince about s.t., be set against s.t. Nagmagáhì si Núri sa pagpagámit sa íyang yútà, Nory was firmly set against letting anyone farm his land. pagahìgáhì v [A3; b6] play hard to get, convince. Pagahìgahían gánì ku nímu dì tikaw lahusun, If you play hard to get with me, I might just quit. -an(→) a of a stubborn sort. gahid n bamboo or wooden hook attached to a rope and used to pull a fish trap out of the water. v [A; a1b2] get a trap out of the water with a hook. Átung gahirun ang búbu, We’ll hook the fish trap and pull it up. gahin v [A; c] set aside a portion. Naggahin siyag usa ka úras pagpakigsulti kanímu, She set aside an hour to talk with you. Gahinan ta kag kík, I’ll set some cake aside for you. n portion set aside, appropriation. Ang gahin sa badyit álang sa idukasiyun, The appropriation from the budget for education. gahit_1, gáhit v [A; b6(1)] {1} clear a strip surrounding a clearing which will be burnt to prevent the fire from spreading. Nakakánat ang káyu kay wà ku makagahit sa kaíngin, The fire spread because I failed to make a fire-break around the clearing. {2} make a temporary trail in an otherwise unpenetrable thicket. Gahiti ang kalibunan kay dì masúut, Make a trail in the thicket because we can’t go through it. n {1} fire-break. {2} temporary trail. *gahit_2 paN- v [B146] do harm with energy and eagerness. Nagpanggahit ang asáwa nga nakig-áway sa babáyi sa íyang bána, The wife was only too eager to get at her husband’s mistress. gáhù = hágù. gáhub a noisy, tumultuous. Halayù sa gáhub nga dakbayan, Far from the noisy city. n loud, continuous, roaring noise. v [B6; b6] be in uproar, din. Migáhub (nagáhub) ang istadiyum dihang nadáwun ang kampiyun, The stadium was in uproar when the champion hit the deck. ka-, -in- n = gáhub, n. -un n of a noisy sort. gahuk n a pointed piece of wood about a foot in length used to dig sweet potatoes. gahum n power. Ang gahum sa Tayid, The power of Tide. Ang gahum sa hárì, The power of the king. Ang anáa sa gahum, Those in power. v {1} [A12] gather enough strength. Nakagahum siya pagbutyag sa masulub-ung balità ngadtu kaníya, She gathered enough strength to break the sad news to him. {2} [B2456; b4] overpower, take power over. Ang kahadluk sa kamatáyun migahum kaníya, He was completely overpowered by his fear of death. Taliwalà sa kalampúsan walà siya gamhi sa garbu, In the midst of his success he wasn’t overcome with pride. gamhánan a powerful, able to effect change. Ang labing gamhánang ingridiyinti sa Tayid, The most powerful ingredient in Tide. gamhánun a dominating. Usa ka gamhánung tíngug milánug, A dominating voice resounded. galamhan one’s inner feelings, inner self. Natay-ug ang íyang galamhan sa túmang kabalísa, Her inner self was shaken by intense anxiety. kagamhánan government. Kagamhánang dimukratiku, Democratic government. makagagáhum a {1} overpowering all else. Usa ka makagagáhum nga unus, An overpowering squall. {2} The Almighty. gáhung n pit trap. v {1} [A1; b6(1)] make a pit trap. Gahúngi nang dapíta kay labyanan sa bábuy ihálas, Make a pit trap over there because that’s where wild pigs pass by. {2} [A; a6] trap s.t. in a pit. Gahúnga ang bábuy ihás, Trap the wild pig in a pit. mang-ay n one who traps with pits. gahut v [A; c] complain, scold with shouting. Gigahutan kung máma kay nahubug ku, Mother screamed at me because I was drunk. gathánay, gahutay v [c3] shout at each other. gáid v {1} [A; c] lash, tie s.t. against s.t. Igáid nang istatúwa sa pusti arun dì matumba, Tie the statue to the post so that it won’t topple down. {1a} = gápus, v 2. {2} [A; a1b2] whip soundly. Gaírun ku ikaw ug dì ka mutúu, I’ll give you a sound whipping if you don’t listen. (→) n s.t. to tie with. gáka v [A2S3S; a] go up an incline or slope. Human mi makagaka (makagáka) sa bungtud, nakítà ang dágat, After we had gone up the hill, we could see the sea. gakahun a on an incline. gak-ang v [A; b(1)] squat, sit on one’s heels on top of s.t. Ayaw gak-ángi ang bangkíyu, Don’t squat on the toilet seat. Sit right on it. gákit n bamboo or log raft. Ang gákit nga gipunduhan mauy silúngan sa isdà, An anchored raft is used to draw the fish. v {1} [A13; a12] ride on a raft. Maggákit mi paingun sa isla, We are going to take the raft to the island. {2} [a12] make into a raft. -in- n lashed together to form a raft. gakud = gáid, 1, 1a. gakus v [AC; ab2] hug, embrace. Tiggakus siyag alungnag matúlug, He usually embraces a pillow when he sleeps. Ang duha ka buksidur naggákus, The two boxers were clenching. Gigakus níya ang íyang hinigugma, She embraced her beloved. n embrace. Hugut nga gakus, A tight embrace. (←) n act of mutual embracing. Kútub ra sa gákus, way háluk, It just went as far as hugging. No kissing. gakusgákus v [a12] hug repeatedly. gaksanay v [C] embrace each other. gakut n scars on the skin marked by heavy scar tissue. v [B126] have large, ugly scars. Nagakut ang íyang líug kay mibutu kini, She has large ugly scars on her neck from boils she had. gákut v [A; c] tie s.t. so as to prevent it from being opened or detached. Ang kutsíru mauy migákut sa mga malíta sa atup sa tartanilya, The rig driver tied the suitcases on the roof of the rig. (→) n lashings. gála_1 v {1} [Ac; ac] play games, play with s.t. Mugála gihápun kag munyíka? Do you still play with dolls? Dílì na nátù siya igála, Let’s not play with her any more. {2} [A; a12] influence, lure s.o. into doing s.t. he shouldn’t. Ikaw giyuy nakagā́ kaníya sa binúang, You influenced him to do s.t. foolish. {3} [c] give money for a performance. Gigaláhan siya sa mananan-awg diyis písus nga giitsa sa intabládu, He got ten pesos from the money which the audience had thrown on the stage. n {1} game. {2} gift of money given for performing. ka- n playmates. galáhan n {1} toy. {2} a plaything which gives certain magical powers to the owner. Ang trabungku galáhan sa sawa, A crystal ball is the special magic toy which a snake possesses. {3} amusement devices at fairs and carnivals. {4} penis (used as one’s plaything—slang). galagala n companions, usually unwholesome. Nahímu siyang dautan tungud sa gagá, He became evil because of bad company. v [A3P; b5] induce s.o. to do s.t. unwholesome. Gigalagala (gigalagalahan) ku níla pagsúkul sa ákung inaína, They induced me to fight my stepmother. gála_2 (not without l) n dress used for festive occasion. v [A; b6] use, wear a gala attire. — nga unipurmi n gala uniform. — primyir n gala premiere. v [A1; c6] hold a gala premiere. galà n dry twigs. paN- v [A2; b(1)] gather dry twigs. galab, gálab v [A; a] cut with a scythe, sickle. Gigalab níya ang kúgun, He cut the saw grass with a sickle. (→) n scythe, sickle. galam v [A; a12] {1} take care of, attend to the needs of s.o. Gigám ang mabdus sa duktur, The doctor attended to the pregnant woman. {2} raise, rear. Gigám sila sáma gayud sa kaugalíngun níyang anak, She raised them like her own children. n care, watchful attention. Way gám, maung nangaláyà, They withered because no one took care of them. galalmun a delicate, requiring much attention and care. Galalmun kaáyu ning buwáka, This flower is very delicate. *gálam hi-/ha- v [B126; b6] develop the habit or liking for doing s.t. after having tried it once. Nahigálam nà siyag sulugsúlug kay dì man suklan, He has been encouraged to keep teasing because nobody stands up to him. Makahigálam (makapahigálam) man ning lamía, This taste makes one crave for more. Ug muhátag ka kanúnay, higadman kag pangáyù, If you always give, he’ll be encouraged to ask you for some all the time. galangan n small variety of balingbing (Averrhoa carambola) which is very juicy, sour, and dark orange in color. galansíyang n k.o. jet-black, glossy starling: Aplonis panayensis. galanti (not without l) a swashbuckling and ostentatiously courteous, esp. to ladies. v [B12; b6] act in a swashbuckling and ostentatiously courteous way. Tihik apan nagalanti kay dihay babáyi, ug siyay mibáyad, He’s a cheapskate, but he suddenly got generous because there was a lady in the company, and he paid the bill. galas, gálas (not without l) v {1} [A; b] cut through a thicket to make a trail. Maggalas tag agiánan sa kalibunan, We will cut a trail through the thicket. {2} [A; b] make a clearing along the perimeter of a cultivated area to use as a boundary marker. Gigalasan nákù ang matag saup arun way áway, I made a clearing as a boundary marker for each of my tenants to avoid quarrels. galaw n twig, small branches. galawgaw n one who is good for nothing and who is only a nuisance in a group activity. Dílì giyud kita magkasinábut kun paapilun ta nang galawgaw sa átung panaglantúgì, We won’t be able to reach an agreement if we let kibitzers join our discussion. gálay n sweet potato tops used as a green. v [A13; b6] cook sweet potato tops. paN- v [A2] gather sweet potato tops. galbanisádu n galvanized. galgal v [AN; a12] entice s.o. to do s.t. that leads to eventual misfortune. Nanggalgal siya nákù pagpangábang, He talked me into getting a prostitute. -an(→) a fond of enticing people into doing things bad for them. -un a tempting, enticing. Nahiráda ku sa magalgálun níyang pahíyum, I fell a victim to her seductive smile. galhà a warm and airless. v [B; a4b6] be, become warm and airless. Mugalhà (magalhà) ang kwartu basta daghang táwu sa sulud, The room will become hot if there are too many people inside. Gigalhà ka ba? Do you feel warm? Gigalháan ka ba áning kwartúha? Do you consider this room hot? galhab v [A; a] make a large, gaping tear or hole. Dinamíta ang nakagalhab sa kílid sa dinamitíru, Dynamite explosion made a gaping wound on the fisherman’s side. Galhábun ku ang ímung sinínà kun dì nímu hubúun, I’ll rip your dress if you don’t take it off. n tear, wound. a having a gaping wound or tear. gálì = gánì. galihíra n printer’s galley. galing v {1} [A; a2] mill s.t. or grind in a mill. Mugaling sila sa tubu run, They’ll mill the sugarcane now. Galinga ang kapi, Grind the coffee. {2} turn a wheel or crank to run some sort of machine. {2a} spin cotton into thread. {2b} turn the crank of a cable. {3} [A; a12] make a motion picture. Ang ‘Safari’ didtu níla galinga sa Aprika, ‘Safari’ was filmed in Africa. (←) v [A13] do intense milling. Naggáling run sa tubu kay madáut ug taudtauran, They are rushing to mill the sugarcane now because it will spoil if the milling is delayed. -an n {1} mill for grinding s.t. {2} spinning wheel. galinggaling n another name for the bug called daging, so called because children play with it, tying a string to its waist and letting it fly around in circles. † gáling_1 v [A; a1] make a post, tree, or anything rooted to the ground face a different direction or straighten up without removing it from its foundations or roots by means of ropes. Galíngun nátù ang dakung mangga, Let’s straighten up the mango tree. — nang — words uttered while letting a baby stand on one’s lap and allowing it to sway back and forth. galinggáling v [A; c1] move or rock sidewise s.t. rooted or stuck, usually to loosen it. Gigalinggáling níya ang pusti nga íyang hulbútun, He moved the post that he is going to uproot back and forth. gáling_2 = ugáling. galiríya n gallery, place for the general public. galmù a for food to be spoiled or damaged from too much touching. Galmù na ang sud-an nga gipunáyag híkap, The dish has become spoiled because they kept touching it. v [B12; a2] become spoiled or damaged by too much touching. galù_1 a fool, simpleton. Galù ka giyud kun mutúman ka sa íyang dautang tambag, You are a fool if you follow his bad advice. v [A; b5] fool, bluff s.o. galùgálù v [A; a2] tease, make fun of. Ayaw galùgalúa ang bungì, Do not make fun of the harelip. galù_2 v [A; a1] shake, rock back and forth. Kinsay mugalù sa láta sa dáyis? Who will shake the can with the dice in it? galùgálù v [A; a] work s.t. back and forth, shake back and forth. Galùgalúa nang bugsuk arun masayung ibtun, Work the stake back and forth so it will be easy to pull it out. galun_1 (not without l) n {1} gallon capacity. {2} gallon container. v {1} [B26] be one gallon. Hápit mugalun ang tubà, There is almost a gallon of toddy. {2} [c1] measure out by the gallon. -an(←) n gallon container. galun_2 n epaulet. v [A; c] wear epaulets. gálung v [A; b6(1)] {1} attach a rope through the ears or nose of an animal for control. {1a} attach a controlling string to the kite. {2} put a string over the mouth of a vessel as a handle. Gawngig písì ang balding nawad-an sa kuptanan, Put a rope over the mouth of the pail that lost its handle. {3} [A; b6] keep s.o. in restriction or control. Gigalúngan ang mga Katuliku sa paggáwì sa pils, The Catholics are restrained from using the pill. n s.t. that controls or restrains s.t., e.g. rope in the ears or noses of animals, string tied to the main spar of a kite. galusgálus v [A; a12] hug s.o. playfully. Galusgalúsa lang ímung asáwag masukù, Just hug your wife playfully if she gets angry. galut_1 a haughty and giving oneself airs. v [B12; ab6] haughty. Gigalutan kaáyu aku níya kay dílì na siya muípun nátù, I think she’s haughty because she avoids our company. galut_2 n k.o. grouper (pugápu): name given to species that are small. galyíra, galyirahan n cockpit, enclosed space for cockfighting. galyíta, galyítas n k.o. dry and crisp cracker. galyu see mísa_1. *gam babul — see bábul gam. tsúwing — = súwing gam. gám = galam. gamà v {1} [A; a] manufacture, make into. Gam-un ku ning kawáyan ug (nga) mga lingkuránan, I will make this bamboo into seats. {2} make into s.t. Gigamà ku níyang (ug) suluguun, She turned me into her servant. n {1} thing produced. Gamà ni sa Inglatíra, This was made in England. {1a} thing made or created. Kining mga urug lumalábay kay kini gamà lang sa táwu, These fads are just transitory because they are purely s.o.’s creation. {2} result of. Gamà ni sa ímung pagsuruysúruy, This is the result of your roaming about. galam-un, gam-unun n {1} materials. {2} things to make. galam-an, gam-anan n factory. tag-, tig- n manufacturer. gámà v [A; b(1)] go s.w. secretly, without being detected. Akuy mugámà sa kampu kung wà bay gwardiya, I’ll try to sneak into the camp to see whether there is a guard. gámat v [A; b5] tie s.t. which contains s.t. in such a way as to keep the contents from coming out. Ang naggámat niíning kartúna nanigúru giyud nga way mawálà, Whoever tied this box up made sure that nothing would be lost. n knot made to prevent s.t. from coming out of a container. gamáting a very teensy, weensy in size or amount (smaller than gamátuy). -g- teeny (plural). gamátuy a tiny in size or amount (smaller than gamay). -g- tiny (plural). gámaw v [A2; b6] {1} come to the surface. Ug mugámaw ang isdà, If the fish comes to the surface. {2} come out partly from behind. Migámaw ang íyang nawung sa pulta, His face showed from behind the door. n part of s.t. exposed on the surface or from behind s.t. Nagkadakù ang gámaw sa submarínu, More and more of the submarine appeared on the surface. gamay a {1} small in size, amount, number. Ngánung gamay ka mang pagkatáwu? Why are you a small person? {2} young person. Gamay ka pang mag-apil-apil sa isturyang law-ay, You’re too young to listen to lewd stories. {3} one’s small child. Wà pa manghúri ang ámung gamay, Our little son hasn’t gotten any younger brothers and sisters yet. v {1} [B2S] be, become small, few. Migamay (nagamay) siya human masakit, He became thin after his illness. Nagkagamay ang klinti sa tikasan nga abugádu, The clients of the crooked lawyer are dwindling. {2} [A; b(1)] make s.t. small. Ang sastri mauy migamay sa ákung sinínà, The dressmaker reduced the size of my dress. Gamyi ang síga sa sugà, Turn the lamp down. {3} [a12] do s.t. in a small way. Gamaya rag pangáyù, Ask for only a small amount. (←) v {1} [B23] be in the process of becoming small. Migámay (nagámay) ang balun nga gihibúsan, The balloon got small when air was let out of it. {2} [B26; b6] feel comparatively unworthy or small, consider s.o. as such. Migámay (nagámay) aku atubángan sa rayna, I felt very small before the queen. Gigamyan siya nímu, He considers you small fry. -in- n k.o. dish containing chopped meat with various vegetables. gamaygamay v [A; a2] reduce s.t. into small pieces. -g- small (plural). -in-g- a little by little. Iginagmay (ginagmaya) ug hátag, Give it out, a little at a time. tag-, -in-g- a little each time. -un a of a small type. -ut, -ut(←) small and thin. Dáan nà siyang gamayut, He is born very small. v [B2; b6] become small, thin. Migamayut (nagamayut) ang íyang nawung sa pagkasakit níya, Her face became small and thin after her sickness. -utun a of a small type. gambálay v [A; a12] {1} compose s.t. poetic. Naggambálay siyag matam-is nga mga púlung nga ighuhunghung ngadtu níya, He composed sweet words to whisper to her. {2} = bálay. see balay. gambat v [A; a] make s.t. into a network. Naggambat si Tátay sa íyang palàpálà, Father is making a frame of latticework to port his climbing plant. Gigambat nákù pagsursi ang midyas, I fixed the socks by darning them. gaming a very small in size or amount. -g- small (plural). gamíng very small. gaminggaming n k.o. small, inedible, black fish which exudes poison from its thorns. gámit v {1} [A; a] use s.t. Migámit siyag pilduras arun dílì manganak, She used pills to prevent pregnancy. Gamítun ku ang kutsi, I will use the car. {2} [A; a12] use a woman for sexual pleasure. Kay nagámit na, dì na dunsilya, Because s.o. has used her, she is no longer a virgin. {3} [A2; a] borrow money. Mugámit ku nímug singku písus, Will you lend me five pesos? (→) n {1} implement, instrument. Gamit sa pangisdà, Fishing equipment. {2} personal effects such as clothes, toilet articles, furniture, and the like. -in- thing used. Ginámit ang tanang kusug, gihampak níya ang kaáway, Using all his strength, he struck the enemy. -anan n red-light district, bawdy house. ka-an n {1} the use to which a thing is put. Unsa may kagamítan sa mata? Of what use are the eyes? {2} personal effects. Klasiklási ang pahumut sa íyang kagamítan, She has many k.o. perfume in her personal effects. {3} — sa balay household furniture. -l-un(→), -in-un(→) utensils, equipment. Galamitun (ginamitun) sa panday, Carpenter’s tools. gamíting a very, very tiny. Gamíting kaáyu ang bátà nga bag-ung natáwu, The newly-born infant is very, very tiny. gamítuy = gamátuy. gamlù = gam-ul. gamu a {1} fussy, for small children to be annoying because of ill temper. Gamu kaáyung batáa, muhílak ug ibutang, This child is so fussy. It cries when I put it down. {2} tedious, cumbersome. Tib-a na lag lista kay kun tagsatagsaun, gamu na kaáyu, Put it all under one entry because if you list them one by one, it’s tedious work. {3} way — not hard to please, not fussy. Way gamu tawhána kay mukáun bisag unsay idúlut, He isn’t hard to please because he is not choosy in his food. {4} being a hindrance to one’s movements. Gamu kaáyu ning magdá tag bátà sa byáhi, It’s a lot of trouble to take a child along on a trip. v {1} [B146] be fussy. Naggamu ang bátà kay gibutdan sa tiyan, The baby is restless because it has gas pains. {2} be filled with anxiety, worry. Naggamu ang íyang kahiladman tungud sa pagkawálà sa íyang anak, He was very worried about his lost child. {3} [b4] consider s.t. tedious, wearisome. {4} [B46] be a hindrance to one’s movements. ka-(←) v [A13] have difficulty managing to carry things. Nagkagámu siya sa íyang gipamalit, Her hands are full with the things she had bought. gamù = gam-ul. gam-ul v [A; a] {1} mix a small amount of salt with fish to preserve it for a short period of time. Naggam-ul ku sa bulinaw arun magámit pa ugmà, I am mixing a little salt with the anchovies so we can still use them tomorrow. {2} touch food and spoil its appearance or make it so it becomes rancid. Kinsay naggam-ul niíning kík, nga nawad-an sa hitsúra, Who touched this cake; its looks are ruined. {3} [B12] become spoiled. a spoiled food. gamus v [A; a] preserve with salt without drying, most commonly said of small fish or fry. Gamusa ang subrang bulinaw, Preserve the extra anchovies with salt. -in- n {1} s.t. preserved in salt. {2} secret or hidden wrongdoings. Giugkat sa blakmílir ang mga ginamus sa íyang kagahápun, The blackmailer unearthed the putrid secrets of her past. ginamusginámus n k.o. tag played by teams whereby the object is to reach a home base, and the team members try to capture each other in so doing. v [AC; c1] play this game. gamsanan n container for preserving fish in salt. gamúsa n {1} suede. {2} shoes made of suede. v [A1] wear suede shoes. gamut n root of plants. — dakù primary root. {2} root cause. Ang pangabubhu mauy gamut sa ílang pagbulagay, Jealousy is at the root of their separation. v [BN23; b6] {1} for plants to take root. Migamut (nanggamut) na ang ákung kamúting káhuy, My cassava plant has taken root. Láwum nag gigamutan ang binhì, The seedlings have taken deep roots. {2} stay long in a place. Way manggamut niíning trabahúa, No one lasts long on the job here. {3} be well-founded, established. Migamut ang ílang nigusyu kay maáyung pagkadala, Their business took root due to good management. paN- v [A2] gather roots. Nakapanggamut na aku pára sa íyang hilánat, I’ve gathered roots for her fever. pa- [A; b(1)] propagate plants by letting cuttings develop roots. Pagamti ang rúsas, Take a cutting from the rose bush. n method of propagation with cuttings. gána n {1} appetite for eating. Kining midisináha makaáyu sa gána, This medicine helps one’s appetite. {2} desire, feel like doing s.t. Wà kuy gánang malígù, I don’t feel like bathing. abri- appetizer. sira- s.t. taken after the meal. v {1} [B246; b4] have, help give appetite for eating. Mugána ang ákung káun ug dúnay ginamus, My appetite is good when we have salted fish. {2} [b4] have desire, find enjoyment. Giganáhan ku sa salída, I enjoyed the movie. Ganáhan siyag mangga, He likes mangoes. {3} [b(1)] have a crush on one. Ganáhan ku ánang Ríki Bilmunti uy, I have a crush on Ricky Belmonte. pa- n {1} appetizer. {2} aphrodisiac. Gúlang na ang bána, nagkinahanglag pagána, The husband is already old; he needs an aphrodisiac. -du a full of desire or eagerness to do a thing. Ganádu nà síyang magpakasal kaníya, She’s eager to marry him. ka- = gána, n. ganà = gunà. ganansiya n {1} profit from a transaction. {2} one’s offspring (humorous slang). v {1} [A2; a2] make profit. Makaganansiya ka kun patas-an nímu ang prisyu, You can make a profit if you raise the price. Pílay ganansiyahun sa usa ka rím sigarilyu? How much profit do you get from a carton of cigarettes? {2} [A12] have an advantage over s.t. Nakaganansiya siya sa kuntra kay dakùdakù siya, He has an edge over his opponent because he is much bigger. pa- v [A; b6] make a profit on s.o. Dì ku mupaganansiya nímu ug dakù, I will not make a big profit on you. ganas = gálay. gánas n the ceremony of taking the bride from her house to the house of the groom after the banquet in the bride’s house. Both families accompany the newly-weds. v [A1; a2] take the bride in the gánas ceremony. Paghuman ug pangáun, gigánas ang babáyi ngadtu sa balay sa laláki, After the wedding reception, the bride was taken to the groom’s house. gánay_1 n reverberating sound which echoes and persists for a while. Ang gánay sa kampána muabut sa layù, The reverberating sound of the bell reaches far. v [A23] reverberate with a persisting echo. gánay_2 v [AN; c1] for things to go s.w. in a long line. Migánay (nanggánay) na ang mga kamwà. Maáyu untag dì mabahà arun dílì maánud, The young crabs are going upstream now. I hope it won’t flood so they won’t be carried away. Igánay (ganáya) ang mga bátà sa plúris, Line up the children to present their flowers. ka-, -an v [A13] {1} walk in a long file. Nagganayan (nagkaganay) ang mga Subánun nga nanglákat, The Subanos walk in long lines. {2} for large number to go s.w. Nagganayan (nagkaganay) ang mga táwu pagsúgat sa Santu Pápa, The people flocked to see the Pope. -an n group of people going s.w. ganda n k.o. leek: Allium odorum. It is used as spice or for rubbing ailing parts of the body. Sometimes called the onions of the Subanos. gáng n {1} gang, a cohesive group of young people having a common name and purpose. {2} band of criminal elements. v [C12] be a member of a gang. Dì ta makiggáng ug kídyi, We won’t have a KJ (killjoy) in our gang. ganggáng v [C12] go around with one’s gang. gangad v [B16; b8] bend the end of s.t. up or out with force. Nagangad nang tagáa kay nasángit sa batu, That fish hook is bent because it got snagged in a rock. Nagangad ang íyang náwung nga gilúwir dyú, His head was thrown back after being hit in the lower jaw. a bent up or out. gángan = galangan. gangay v {1} [A; a] broil peeled bananas over live coals. Gangayun ku ning sagínga, I’ll broil this banana. {2} [A; c] put s.t. beside a fire to keep it hot. Igangay nang takurì arun ínit kanúnay ang túbig, Put the kettle beside the fireplace so the water will remain hot. ganggang v [A; c1] {1} put s.t. over the coals to dry it or heat it. Nagganggang ku sa pán nga giumigas, I am heating the bread which the ants swarmed over. Akuy muganggang sa kupras, I’ll dry the copra in the drier. {2} broil bananas. Magganggang kug ságing ipaínit, I’ll broil bananas for a snack. -an(→) n copra drier. ganggáng n = bunsudbunsud. ganggrína = kanggrína. ganghà v [A; b6] emerge, appear at the door or gate. Mau nang pultáha ang gigangháan sa úngù, That’s the door where the witch appeared. -an(→) n door, gate. gangì v [A; a12] {1} loosen s.t. stuck in the ground by wiggling it back and forth. Way nakagangì sa ugsuk, Not one succeeded in budging the peg loose. {2} break s.t. off by moving it back and forth. Nagangì ang buktun sa munyíka, The arm of the doll worked itself off. {3} work s.t. affixed back and forth. Gigangì níya ang kambiyu sa awtu, He moved the gear shift of the car. gángì n dance (slang). v {1} [A1; b(1)] hold a dance. Sa ámù na lang ta maggángì kay luag, Let’s hold our dance at my house because there’s lots of room. {2} [AC; a] dance the slow drag. gangis n k.o. fish. gángis n k.o. cicada. háring — {1} the toughest of all, the most astute, gutsy one in the group. {2} political boss. gangkap a complete, whole. Gangkap ang íyang bisti sa kasal, Her wedding ensemble is complete. v {1} [A; b] make s.t. complete. Nagangkap ang usa ka líbu, I have one thousand pesos complete. Gangkapi ang kúlang, Add to it to make up the lack. {2} [A12; a1] be able to do s.t. to all of s.t. Makagangkap kahà ka sa ímung abangan dinhi? Do you think you can meet the entire rental payment? Dílì ku magangkap paggakus ang íyang háwak, I can’t manage to get my arms around her waist. gangkay a well dried out, cooked dry. Gangkay ang mga langkay sa lubi, The coconut fronds are dry and brittle. v [B2; c1] dried stiff, cooked crisp. Gangkáya (igangkay) pagbulad ang isdà arun dílì udlun, Dry the fish completely so it won’t get wormy. gangking v [B3(1); a12] for soft and moist things to dry hard and get stiff. Ang bagang amirul makagangking (makapagangking) sa sinínà, Thick starch makes the clothes very hard. a hardened after drying. gangrína = kanggrína. gangsà n goose, gander. gángu_1 n anchored raft to which branches have been tied, to which fish are attracted. v [A; c1] put up, make a fishing raft of this sort. gángu_2 n {1} k.o. large marine fish. {2} a big shot or top brass. Dakung gángu sa pulitika, A political bigwig. gangù a {1} loose, not firmly implanted. Gangù na kaáyu ang ákung tangu, My tooth is very loose. {2} having a screw loose, acting strange at times. Dipiktádu tingáli ang útuk kay gangù usáhay, He must have some brain defects because he acts strangely at times. v [A; a12] loosen s.t. by working it back and forth. Gangua úsà nang usuk únà ibta, Work the stake back and forth before you pull it out. gangùgángù a wiggling back and forth. n handle of a water pump operated manually. v [A; a12] = gangù. † gangut_1 n thick scar tissue left on the neck after a wound. v [B26; b4] form thick scar tissue on the neck. Inigkaáyu sa ímung upirasyun sa líug mugangut (magangut) unyà nà, When the wound from your neck operation has healed, it will form a heavy scar. gangut_2 v [A; a] pull out by roots, uproot. Limpiyu na ang kamutihan kay gigangutan na níya, The sweet potato patch is cleared now because he has pulled out the vines. gángut v {1} [A; b] close s.t. by tying it. Gangúti ang pultahan kay walay trangka, Tie the door to because we have no bolt. {2} [BN; b4c1] for the jaws to stiffen so that the mouth cannot open. Naggángut (nanggángut) ang íyang bàbà kay gititanus siya, His jaws stiffened because he had tetanus. {3} [A] clutch firmly by sinking the claws in. Ang kuku sa banug migángut sa ákung buktun, The hawk dug its claws into my arm. (→) v {1} [A; c1] lock s.t. Igangut (ganguta) ang kandádu, Secure the padlock. {2} [A; c1] fasten s.t. by tying. Gigangtan níyag lupnis ang íyang kalsúnis, He tied a cord around his trousers. {3} [A; c1] tie into a knot. Igangut (ganguta) ang tumuy sa písì arun dì mabakhad, Tie the end of the rope so the fibers won’t get undone. {4} [B] get stuck, be impeded from moving. Kun magangut ang angkla sa dakung batu, lisud na kuháun, If the anchor gets stuck under a big rock, it will be difficult to retrieve it. (→) n anything used to close or tie. Gangut sa sapátus, Shoelaces. gánì {1} even. Wà gánì kuy písu, I don’t even have a peso. Manlimbung gánì siya sa kaugalíngun níyang amahan, He would even cheat his father. {1a} pa — [so-and-so] cannot, should not happen because it is still ... Sayu pa gánì ipaúlì, It’s still too early to go home. Miminátay nga dihà pa gánì sa hagdanan, She started to wail even while she was on the staircase. {2} particle accompanying a statement offered as proof of an allegation: even. Barátu tu, nakapalit man gánì ku, It was cheap, I even bought one. Walay pulus. Mau man gánì tu nga wà nákù dawáta, It was a useless thing. That’s why I did not accept it. {3} if it is [so-and-so]. Babáyi gánì hisgútan, mukíat dáyun, If the subject moves to women, he perks up immediately. {3a} man — [so-and-so] does, did indeed happen, but ... Mupahulam man gánì, piru lúgus pung musugut, He will lend you money, but only with the greatest reluctance. {3b} [so-and-so] is true except that ... Paríhu tag sinínà, gánì ang ímu putì, We have the same shirt, only yours is white. {3c} maáyu — at least, the one redeeming thing. Nahúlug ku. Maáyu gánì wà ku mapíang, I fell down. At least I didn’t break anything. {3d} unsa, sa — be that as it may, whatever turns out I’ll stick to my decision. Unsa gánì, dì sila mangadtu, kita lang adtu, Be that as it may, even if they don’t, we’ll go anyway. {4} particle with a statement reminding s.o. of s.t.: remember? Kadtu si Manang Díday, kadtu gáning kusiníra? Diday, you know, the cook? {4a} particle with insistence. Didtu gánì ku, I was so there. Si Pidru gánì tu uy. Dílì aku, That was Pedro, not me. {4a1} with commands: particle giving a tone of insistence. Hílum gánì, Damn you. I said shut up. Pagtuun gánì dihà, You get down to your studies, hear? {5} sa — {a} = unsa —. {b} s.t. rather like. Sa gánì báhù sa kandílà ang ákung nasíngu, I smelled s.t. like a burning candle. {c} [so-and-so] is likely to happen. Sa gánì muulan rung adláwa, It is likely to rain today. {d} [so-and-so] should have happened, happen rather than what did. Sa gánì midúaw ka únà sa ímung mga ginikánan inay maghubughúbug, You should have visited your parents first instead of getting drunk. gánid_1 v {1} [A3] invite s.o. to go s.w. Ímu ra ning gustu nga muanhi ka. Way naggánid nímu, You came of your own free will. Nobody dragged you here. {2} [A; c1] drag, involve s.o. in s.t. unpleasant. Wà ku damha nga magánid ang ákung ngálan niíning dakung iskandalu, I never expected that I would be involved in this big scandal. gánid_2 = abánid. ganíha {1} before, at a previous time. Milakaw siya ganíhang buntag, She left this morning. Dinhi siya ganíha. Karun, walà na, He was here a minute ago. Now he isn’t. {2} — ra since a while ago. Ganíha ka ra dinhi? Have you been here for some time? Ganíha ra nákung pinaábut nímu, ganíha ra kung nagpaábut nímu, I have been waiting for you for some time. ka- = ganíha. ganína = ganíha. ka- = ganíha. gánir n one in charge of pouring and passing the glass of liquor around in a drinking spree (slang). v [A; c1] be, become the ‘gunner’ in a drinking spree (slang). gansà = gangsà. gansal a rough, not smooth-surfaced. v [B1; a12] be, become rough. Gansála pagsimintu ang banyu arun dílì ta madalin-as, Put a rough cement flooring in the bathroom so it won’t be slippery. gansalgansalun a rough, uneven. *gansang gansanggansang v [B16; c1] be rough and uneven. Naggansanggansang nga ngípun, Uneven teeth. -un a uneven, rough. Gansangun siyag nawung, She has lots of pockmarks on her face. gansilyu v [A; a] crochet. Kuti gansilyúhun kanang mútip, That motif is an intricate one to crochet. n crochet hook. -in- n crocheted material. gansíyang = galansíyang. gansu n {1} hook attached to sacks to help one heave them. {2} crochet hook. {3} large safety pin. {4} hook in wrestling. v {1} [A; b6(1)] put a hook in s.t. to lift it with. Gansúhi kun lisud paggúnit, Use a hook if it’s hard to hold. {2} [b6] fasten s.t. with a safety pin. Gigansúhan ku na lang ang ákung karsúnis, I just fastened my pants with a safety pin. {3} hook in wrestling. gansung n whippletree of a plow. v {1} [A; b6(1)] put a whippletree. Nabitik ang kábaw sa kasya kay wà gansúngi, The trace was looped around the carabao’s leg because there was no whippletree fastened to the rope. {2} [a12] make into a whippletree. ganta = gantang. *gantaaw paN- v [A2; b1] fish with a spear from a boat at night with a torch or lantern. n method of fishing this way. gantang n {1} a unit of dry measure equivalent to three liters. {2} liquid measure of about the same amount. v [B26; c1] be one gantang. Hápit mugantang ang ílang mahurut káda káun, They use up nearly a gantang every meal. -an(→) n vessel used to measure gantang. ganti n {1} reward, prize. {2} natural gift given by God. Ang ímung kaanyag ganti sa kahitas-an, Your beauty is a gift of God. v {1} [A3; b6(1)] give a reward, prize. Gigantíhag haluk sa músa ang mananáug, The winner got a kiss from the muse. {2} [A13; b6] endow with natural talents or qualities. Ang kinaiyáhan nagganti níyag malantip nga utukan, Nature has endowed him with a keen mind. {3} [A12] win a prize, reward. Nakagantig bakus ang kampiyun, The champion won a belt. ganting n k.o. fish. gantsilyu = gansilyu. gantun n bollard, a mooring post on the wharf. gantuung a piled high. Gantuung kaáyu ang tápuk sa bulingun, The laundry is piled high. v [B; b6] loom tall. Migantuung ang búki digíra sa lawud, The warship loomed high on the ocean. ganus-a = kanus-a (dialectal). gánut v [A; a] {1} clear weeds or grass in an area. Naggánut sila sa iskuyláhan, They are clearing the weeds in the school yard. {2} pull a tooth. pa- v [A; ac] have s.o. pull a tooth. Magpagánut kug tangu, I will have a tooth pulled. n weed-pulling session. Walay gánut rung hápun, There is no yard work this afternoon. -l-un(→) n weeds to be cleared off by pulling. gánuy v {1} [A; a] drag, pull s.t. s.w. Ganúya ang bábuy sa ihawan, Drag the pig to the slaughterhouse. Gigánuy ang ákung pangísip sa láing kalibútan, My thoughts were drawn to another world. {2} [A; c1] for s.t. to draw s.o. tenderly to sleep or bring on a pleasant feeling. Ang LSD nga mugánuy nímu sa pagbáting langitnun, LSD that brings you to a state of heavenly bliss. -an(→) n k.o. hauling sled consisting only of a platform mounted on runners. gap-ak v [A; a] break up lumps by treading on them. Kábaw ang maggap-ak sa pilápil, The carabao breaks lumps of mud in the rice paddy. gapang v [B6] for the big toe to be so deformed as to stick outward. Migapang ang kumagkù sa tigúwang nga wà makatilawg sapátus, The big toes of the old man who has never worn shoes are sticking out sidewise. n big toe sticking out sidewise. Nagsiwil ang gapang níyang kumagkù, His deformed big toe is sticking out to the side. n k.o. mullet. gápas n {1} k.o. medium-sized tree which produces cotton. {2} prepared cotton for treatment of wounds. (→) v {1} [B4] for rice plants to fail to develop grains. Migapas ang ámung humay tungud sa huwaw, Our rice plants didn’t develop grains due to the drought. {2} [A; a4] for cloth to be worn to the point that lint is showing. Ug mugapas (gapasun) ang panaptun, panahun nang ipalit ug bag-u, If the cloth wears, it’s time to buy new clothes. -an(→) n {1} cotton fields. {2} dart of a blow gun (so called from the piece of cotton tied to the end). {2a} arrow. -un(→) a full of lint. gapasgápas n k.o. porgy with insipid cotton-like flesh: Monotaxis grandoculis. gapasgapas = kadlum ihálas. see kadlum. gápì_1 v [A2C12; b6] take sides with s.o. in an argument. gápì_2 v [A; c1] overcome completely. Siya ang nangúlu sa naggápì sa mga Huks, He led the men who defeated the Huks. gápin v [A; b6] side with, favor s.o. in a controversy or quarrel, etc. Ang kuntistant nga íyang gigapínan, The contestant she favored. -ay, -in-ay v [C2] take sides with their respective favorites. Pag-áway sa magtiáyun, nagginapinay (naggapinay) ang ílang isig ka ginikánan, When the couple quarreled, their parents took sides with them. gapnud n flotsam, s.t. drifting in the sea. gapù n {1} driftwood, twigs or bamboo pieces found beside the seashore. {2} weak, easily broken. Hápit na mahugnù ang taytáyang gapù, The weak bridge is about to collapse. {3} sickly, weak due to old age, brittle-boned. {4} toothless, hornless in old age. v [B2; b6] {1} be weak. Nagapù (migapù) ang silya kay kanúnay níyang gihiragan, The chair became weak because he kept leaning back on it. {2} for a body to become sickly. Mugapù ang láwas ug dílì ampíngan, The body will be sickly if not taken care of. paN- v [A; b6] lose one’s teeth, horn. Nanggápù na si Lúlu, Grandpa is losing his teeth now. Gipanggapúan na ang kábawng landay, The old carabao has lost its horns. gapud_1 a weak, easily broken due to age. Gapud na ang ngípun sa tigúwang, The old man’s teeth break off easily. v [B23(1); b6] be brittle or easily broken due to age. Migapud (nagapud) ang tiil sa dáang lamísa, The legs of the old table are weak. Nagkagapud ang dukumintu nga gitipígan, The old document is getting brittle. gapud_2 v [A; a] cut firewood in a woody area. Mugapud aku sa banwa, I’ll cut firewood in the forest. gapud_3, gápud v [A2; b] join in, associate with a group. Mugapud ku sa ílang piknik bísag wà ku imbitaha, I’ll go with them on their picnic, even if they don’t invite me. Mga pubri hinúuy ímung gigapúran nga wà kay mapaábut, You prefer to mix with poor people though there’s nothing you can get from them. gapugapu v [B146; a2] be rough-skinned due to scars, scales, calluses. Nindut siyag bitíis ugáling kay naggapugapu lang tungud sa daghang úwat, She has shapely legs, only they are covered with scars. gápung = gípung. gápus v {1} [A; a1] tie up to restrict motion. Siyay naggápus sa bábuy nga ibaligyà, He tied up the pig to be sold. Gapúsag maáyu ang íyang kamut, Bind his hands securely. {2} [A; a3] tie up with preoccupation. Nagápus siya sa trabáhu, He is tied up with his job. {2a} enslave with sufferings, difficulties, and the like. Nagápus sila sa kawad-un, They are enslaved by poverty. {2b} — ang kwarta v [AP; a3] tie up capital. Magápus ang ímung kwarta ug ipalit nímug yútà, Your money will be tied up if you buy land with it. (→) n s.t. used to tie with. gárà v [A2; b6] do s.t. all the more in response to an admonition or flattery. Ug badlúngun, mugárà hinúun, If you tell him to stop, he does it all the more. Mikaransay pagsamut ang hubug kay migárà nga giabibáhan, The drunk danced all the more because he was egged on by the applause. garàgarà v [A1] make a display of exaggerated behavior. garàgaraun a easily moved to do s.t. inappropriate or beyond one’s capacity. Garagaraun man laging mipalawum nga dì kamaung mulanguy, He was so foolish as to go into deep water when he didn’t know how to swim. gárab a bragging, boastful. v [A2; c] brag, boast. Migárab si Lítu kay nakahandrid, Lito started to brag because he got one hundred. pa- v [A; c] brag about s.t. Íyang gipagárab ang singsing níyang diyamanti, He brags of his diamond ring. -un n boastful person. v [B2; b6] be, consider boastful. garába = grába. garábi = grábi. garábu n k.o. aromatic herb often used for spicing s.t. roasted. garáhi n garage, place for storage or shelter of cars. v {1} [AP; c] put s.t. into the garage. Igaráhi ang mutursaykul, Put the motorcycle in the garage. {2} [A2; c6] for public transportation to go in the garage for the night. Mugaráhi na ku kay gabíi na, I’m going to the garage because it’s late. {3} [A2C12] go home, esp. to sleep. Mugaráhi na ku kay katulgun na, I’ll go in now because I’m sleepy. garahian, garahiánan = garáhi, n. garakgarak a rough, uneven surface. v [B; b56] for a surface to become rough and uneven. Mugarakgarak ang nawung basta mabúlit sa bugas, Your face will become rough if it is covered with acne. Gigarakgarak (gigarakgarakan) lang sa gubyirnu ang karsáda kay ígù ra dyung gigrába, The government just made it a rough road; they only put gravel on it. -un a rough, uneven in surface. garal a unwittingly stupid. Not doing what others would expect. Garála níya uy. Gisúgù ku níya, nalímut paghátag kwarta, He sure is a dope. He asks me to get s.t. but forgets to give me the money. ka- state of being foolish. sa ímung — you idiot! (said in a friendly way). Limpiyu sa ímung kagaral. Kahúgaw íni, What do you mean clean? It’s filthy. garamal v [A; bc] bind, tie tightly. Ayúhag garamal ang bábuy arun dílì makabuhì, Tie the pig well so that it won’t get loose. Garamali ang kahun arun dílì mangayabu ang sulud, Tie the box securely so the contents won’t spill out. garan, gáran n garand rifle, .30 caliber M1. garang, gárang n bloated, tight feeling in the stomach. v [B6; a4b4] have gas pains. Garangun (mugarang) ang ímung tiyan ug magpalabi kag káun, You will get a bloated stomach if you eat too much. Garangan ka sa tiyan, You will get a bloated feeling in your stomach. garanggarang a rough, uneven in surface. Garanggarang ang ákung nawung sa bugas, My face is all rough with acne. v [B12; c1] for a surface to be, become rough and uneven. Mugaranggarang ang lamísag tadtáran sa karni, The table will get all scratched up if you cut the meat on top of it. garanil_1 n granary, room or house for storing grain. v [A13; a2] make into, add a granary. garanil_2 n marking gauge, a carpenter’s tool for drawing a line parallel to the edge of s.t. v {1} [A; b(1)] line s.t. with a marking gauge. {2} [a12] make into a marking gauge. garantisádu a having the quality that assures satisfaction. Garantisádung rilu, A watch of guaranteed quality. Garantisádung initsahan. Dì musipyat, He is a sure-fire shot. He can’t miss. v [B126] be dependable in quality or quantity. garantíya n {1} collateral on a loan. {2} guarantee s.t. as asserted. Garantíya sa pridyidir, A guarantee on the refrigerator. v {1} [A; c] guarantee a loan. Igarantíya níya ang íyang yútà sa íyang útang, He will use his lands as collateral on his loan. {2} [A; c] give assurance that s.t. is as asserted. Akuy mugarantíya sa íyang pagkakasalígan, I’ll stand as guarantee to his trustworthiness. garápa n small bottle or vial. garapinyíra n rotary type ice cream freezer. garapun n glass jar. v {1} [B23(1)6] be a jarful. Hápit mugarapun (magarapun) ang nahurut nílang tubà, They consumed almost a jarful of toddy. {2} [A; c1] put in glass jars. Igarapun (garapuna) ang pinyátu, Put the peanut brittle in glass jars. -in- n put in a glass jar. v [c1] do by the jarful. garas v [A; a] scratch lightly, put a thin wound in the surface. Tunuk ang migaras sa íyang nawung, It was a thorn that scratched his face. Nagaras ang pintal sa taksi, The paint of the taxi got scratched. n light cut. Iúlì nákù nímu ang ímung pawntin pin nga way garas, I will return your fountain pen to you without a scratch. gáray n verse. v [A; c1] write, read a verse. Gigaráyan sa nangharána ang súlu sa gitára, The serenader recited a verse with a guitar solo as a background. ma-un a fond of making verses. garbansus, garbantus n = karabansus. garbu n pride. Misinta siya dihang natandug ang garbu, He flared up when his pride was hurt. Garbu sa mga táwu dinhi ang kalimpiyu sa lungsud, The cleanliness of the town is a source of pride for the people. — sa irù n one’s foolish pride, said derisively. pa-, pasi- v [A; c] display s.t. with pride. Nagpagarbu (nagpasigarbu) siya sa bag-ung kutsi, He is showing off his new car. Wà kuy ngálan nga ikapasigarbu, I don’t have a name to boast of. magarbúhun, mapagarbúhun, mapasigarbúhun a {1} full of pride. Magarbúhun siyang midáwat sa midalya, He received the medal with pride. {2} haughty in ways and appearance. -sa a haughty, stuck up (female). v [B] become haughty. Migarbúsa (nagarbúsa) siyang nakataak sa Amirika, She became haughty after having gone to the States. -in-(→) v [A1; c1] act in a haughty way. Giginarbusahan ku níya; nakaminus tingáli, She spoke haughtily to me; she probably looks down on me. -su a haughty (male). gardába = kardába. gardin n flower or vegetable garden. v [A; a] make a garden. -íru n gardener. v [B156; a12] gardener. -ing n {1} gardening. {2} a school subject of gardening in the elementary school. gardiyan n guardian of a child. v [B1256] become the guardian. Nagardiyan ku níya samtang nilangyaw ang íyang mga ginikánan, I became his guardian while his parents were away on a trip. gáring n {1} doll. {2} religious statue. v {1} [A] play with a doll. Gustung mugáring ang bátà, The child wants to play with a doll. {2} [a] make a doll. Nindut garíngun ning panaptúna, This cloth would make a pretty doll. garípu = grípu. garisun n garrison. v [AC12; b(1)] establish a garrison. garmint bag n garment bag. v [c6] put s.t. in a garment bag. garnalda = girnalda. garnáti_1 = granáti_1. garnáti_2 n variety of balingbing (Averrhoa carambola), sweet and yellow when ripe. gartir n elastic band, usually strapped on or sewn to s.t. v [A3; b6(1)] put an elastic band on s.t. garù v [A; a12] jiggle s.t. back and forth. Ayaw garua ang lamísa kay malúngì nyà ang tiil, Don’t jiggle the table back and forth because the leg might break off. garud v [B126] for a part of the body to get chafed or badly scratched from sliding over a rough surface. Nagarud ang íyang dughan pagdaúrus níya sa káhuy, His chest got badly scraped from sliding down the trunk of the tree. garus v [AB2; ab2] scratch lightly. Magarus ang sawug ug ímung guyúrun ang síya, The floor will get scratched if you drag the chair. garúti n {1} wooden cane used for beating. {2} walking stick. v [A; a1b2] hit with a cane. Garutíha siya kun magtinuntu, Cane him if he does foolishness. gás n {1} kerosene. {2} gas fuel for cooking stoves. — istub, gastub n kind of stove that uses cooking gas or kerosene for fuel. v {1} [A; b6] put in kerosene or gas. Wà magási ang lamparilya maung napálung, They failed to put kerosene in the lamp so it went out. {2} [A13] use kerosene. Maggás na lang mi kay ikunumíya, We’ll just use kerosene because it’s cheaper. paN- n money obtained by prostitutes to pay for the barest necessities. Kanang pagpaábang sa ubang mga pampam pára panggás na lang, Some prostitutes sell their bodies for just enough to get the barest necessities. gása_1 v [A; c] give a gift. Unsay ákung igása sa ílang kasal? What shall I give them as a wedding present? n gift, present. gása_2 n {1} gauze. {2} incandescent mantle of pressure lanterns. gasang v [B6; b6] get whitish salt particles on the body. Mugasang ang ákung pánit ug dì ku manghinawnaw humag kalígù sa dágat, My body becomes whitened with salt if I do not rinse myself off after swimming in the sea. -un a covered with salt particles. gásang n coral, hard substance made up of the skeleton of polyps. ka-an n place where corals abound. gásap v [A; a12] lop off the branches from a tree that has fallen or been cut down and cut them into pieces. gasbut = higasbut. gasgas v [A; ab2] damage s.t. by scratching it. Nagasgas ang kílid sa pridyidir, The side of the frigidaire got scratched. n scratch. gaskit n gasket. v [b6] put gasket on. gaslì_1 n prickly heat. v [A123P; a4] have prickly heat. Ulan ang ikalígù kun gasliun ka, Bathe with rain water if you have prickly heat. gaslì_2, gasling a stiff and dry through the heat of the sun. v [B2; c1] be stiff dried due to the sun’s heat. Ayaw pamad-i nang linadlad arun dílì magasling (mugasling), Do not let the clothes get completely dry so they won’t get stiff. Gaslínga (igasling) pagbulad ang karni arun dì mabahù, Dry the meat till it is stiff so it won’t spoil. gas mask n gas mask. v [A1] wear a gas mask. gaspang a {1} having dry and rough skin. {2} generally unkempt. {3} coarse in manner. Gaspang ang ímung pagkasulti, You’re coarse in your speech. v [BN6; b6] be coarse. Nanggaspang ang íyang pálad sa mga kúbal, The skin on his palms is rough from the calluses. gaspin n kerosene torch made of a slim piece of bamboo or a bottle. v [A; a1] make into a kerosene torch. gastádu a {1} for mechanical moving parts to be worn out. Ilísan nátù ang pistun kay gastádu na, Let’s change the pistons because they are all worn out. {2} having one’s body worn out from sexual activities. {3} having one’s body worn out from overwork. v [B126; b6] for mechanical parts of the body to get worn out. gastadur a extravagant in spending. v [B12; b6] get to be extravagant in spending. -a(←) = gastadur (female). gasti (from tigas) n toughie (slang). gastruintiraytis n gastroenteritis. v [A3P; a4] get gastroenteritis. gastu v {1} [A2; a] spend money. Nakagastu silag dakù sa dispidída, They spent a large amount of money for the farewell party. Makakuput gánì ug kwarta gastúhun dáyun, Whenever she lays her hands on money, she spends it right away. {1a} give a banquet on a lavish scale. Gastúhan ku giyud ang ákung kumplianyu, I’ll hold a big dinner for my birthday. {2} [A; b6(1)] spend for some undertaking. Ang kumpaníya mauy naggastu sa íyang pagtuun, The company is paying for his studies. {3} [A; a] use time, effort for some undertaking. Gastúha ang ímung kusug sa maáyung katuyúan, Use your strength for good purposes. n {1} expenditures. {2} sumptuous feast as entertainment. a requiring great expense. Gastu na kaáyu kun grandi ang kasal, It means a great expense if the wedding is on a grand scale. pára — {1} s.t. put out for public use for free. Pára gastu ning puspuru, These matches are for public use. {1a} player on a team used for minor duties which are not significant enough to warrant the expenditure of a major team member. {2} for one’s personal use. Kining kutsi pára gastu. Dílì paabángan, This car is for personal use, not for rent. galastúhan, galastuhan, kagastúhan n expenses to be incurred. di- see digastu. -s = gastu, n, a. -su a expensive, requiring lots of money. Gastúsu kaáyu ang pagtinir ug kutsi, It’s very expensive to have a car. v [B125; B6] entail lots of expense. gastub see gás. gasulína n {1} gasoline. {2} food or drinks to provide a bit of energy (slang). Magkarga tag gasulína, Let’s have s.t. to eat, take a little snort. v {1} [A; b6(1)] put gasoline into. {2} [A13; b6(1)] eat s.t. as a snack, or take some liquor for energy. Gasulináhi siya arun mukanta, Give him a little snort so he will sing. -dur(→) accelerator on a motor vehicle. gasulinahan n gasoline station. gatà n juice squeezed from coconut meat. v [A; b6(1)] cook s.t. with the juice of coconut meat. Gatai ang mangkù arun lamían ang sabaw, Cook the mackerel with coconut juice so we’ll have a delicious sauce. ginat-an n {1} s.t. cooked with coconut juice. {2} k.o. sweet soup containing sticky rice, corn, taro, and sweet potatoes cooked in coconut juice. gátal = gátaw, v. gatang, gátang v [A; a] divide into portions. Naggatang kug nangkà pára ibaligyà, I cut a jackfruit into portions to sell. Gatánga ang sibúyas, Apportion the onions into bunches. -in- n cut into portions. Ginátang ang pagbaligyag bábuy, They sell the pork by portions. gátas n milk. May gátas ka pa sa bàbà nga manarátu, You’re still too young (lit. you still have milk on your mouth) to have a sweetheart. (→) v {1} [A] milk an animal. Naggatas siya sa báka, He is milking the cow. v [B3(1)6; b] secrete milk. Wà makagatas ang inahan, The mother didn’t lactate. Mamatay ang nati kun dì gatasan ang inahan, The calf dies if the mother doesn’t lactate. {3} [A; b6(1)] mix milk into s.t. {4} [a12] bottle-feed an infant. Gigatas na lang níla ang ílang masúsu, They bottle-fed their baby. -an(→) n animal which furnishes milk. -an a having lots of milk. -an, -an(→), gatasgatasan n descriptive name of fish which exude a highly venomous milky substance from the dorsal spine: Coryzichthys gangenes and other species. -un, gatasgatasun a murky with whitish substance. gátaw v [AN; b6] appear, stick out on a surface. Migátaw ang íyang gúsuk, His ribs stuck out. n projection, height. Dayag na ang gátaw sa submarínu sa dágat, You can clearly see the projection of the submarine on the surface of the sea. (→) n s.t. which gets exposed on the surface. Ang balanghuy nga gataw pait ug makahílu, The cassava root that grows out of the ground is bitter and poisonous. -un a of the type that sticks out. gatilyu n trigger. gátu_1 n vise, mechanical device for holding firmly s.t. being worked. v [b6(1)] fasten with a vise. Gatúhi arun sayun paggabas, Fasten it with a vise so it will be easy to saw it. gátu_2 = gatilyu. gátud v [A; a12] make s.t. rough by covering it with cuts. Nagátud ang tabla nga gihímung taparan, The board got an uneven surface because it was used as a chopping board. gatudgatud a rough in surface. Gatudgatud na ang punúan sa lubi kay gisigíhan man níyag tigbas, The coconut trunk is rough because he always chops at it with his bolo. gatudgaturun = gatudgatud. gátung n {1} fuel used for cooking. {2} a big piece of wood used to keep fire or embers burning. v {1} [A; c1] supply fuel to cook s.t. {2} [A1; c1] keep a fire burning to supply embers for future fires. {3} [APN; b] add fuel to an emotional situation. Ngánung gatúngan pa nímu ang íyang kasukù? Why do you add fuel to his anger? paN- n {1} s.t. used as fuel. {2} s.t. used as drinks. Náa bay maáyung paggátung kay muadtu mi sa bayli, Do you have anything good to warm up the group because we’re going to a dance. gatus numeral hundred. v see tulu. -an in groups of a hundred, hundreds. Gatusan ka táwu ang nagláray, People were lined up by the hundreds. Gatusan ka túig, A century. maN-(←) amounting to one hundred. Manggátus ang íyang swildu káda simána, He earns a hundred a week. maN-(←), -in- done by the hundreds. Manggátus (ginatus) ang pagbaligyà sa mangga, They sell mangoes by the hundred. v [c1] do s.t. by the hundred. tag-(←) a hundred each. v [a] give out denominations of one hundred. tagmang-, tag-in- = mang-, -in-. gaud_1 n k.o. porgy. gaudgaud = gaud_1. gaud_2, gáud v [A; b5] row, propel a boat with an oar at the stern. Makagáud kahà ta hangtud sa daplin? Can we possibly row as far as the shore? Ang linayágan ug way hángin gawrun (gawran) lang, A sailboat is rowed if there is no wind. (→) n large oar. gauran n oarlock. gaugáu v [A; a12] tease derisively. Gigaugáu siyang pisut, He was teased derisively because he was uncircumcised. n derisive teasings. gáung a weary-looking. paN- v [A2; b4] have a weary look on the face. Manggáung ang nawung sa táwung way tulug, A person’s face looks haggard if he has no sleep. Gipanggaúngan sa dagway ang bag-ung minyù, The newly-weds look haggard. gáuy v [B6N; a2] for the body or part of the body to get completely fatigued. Nanggáuy ang ákung láwas sa paglinanguy tibuuk adlaw, My body became fatigued from swimming the whole day. (→) a fatigued. gáw n entrance to a fish trap (búbu) made of woven bamboo, tapering toward the inside like a funnel, such that fish cannot turn around once it has proceeded a certain distance, nor can it get back. v {1} [A; b6(1)] attach a gáw. {2} [A; c1] make a gáw. *gáwad_1 ka- n worker, employee. gáwad_2 = hi-/ha-, v 2. hi-/ha- v {1} [A2; b5c] deny s.t. to s.o. Muhigáwad ka gánì sa usa, higawári (higawára) na lang ang tanan, If you deny s.t. to one, deny it to all. Walà giyud kuy ihigáwad kanímu, There is nothing I would deny you. {2} [B126; b4c5] feel hurt because of a slight. Mahigáwad siyag dì pasak-un sa átù, She will feel slighted if we don’t let her stay here. Higawran kag paryinti kun hakug ka, Your relatives will feel slighted if you are selfish. gawal, gáwal v [A; c] stick out from. Naggawal ang dílà sa irù nga naghalhal, The dog is panting, and his tongue is hanging out. pa- show off, boast of. Nagpagáwal siya sa bag-u níyang sapátus, He’s showing off his new shoes. n boasting. mapa-un a of a boasting, showing off sort. gawang n {1} door. {2} hole in flooring or in a wall. Mabulasut ka sa gawang, You will step into the hole in the floor. v [A; b] make an opening in a wall or floor. Gigawangan níya ang bungbung, He made an opening in the wall. gawas v {1} [A2] go out of an enclosure or area. Migawas siya sa balay, He went out of the house. {2} [A1P; c] bring s.t. out. Kinsay naggawas sa mga silya? Who brought the chairs out? Wà níla ikagawas ang igbabaligyà, They weren’t able to display (lit. put out) their goods. n {1} immediate vicinity outside. {2} from a foreign country. Karun, mga balità gíkan sa gawas, And now, news from abroad. {3} state of being free, independent. Yútà nga gawas, A free country. {4} aside from. Gawas nga gwápa, sapían pa giyud, Aside from being pretty, she is rich. {5} except. Way láing tugútan gawas nímu, Nobody is allowed to except you. {6} unless. Dì ku muadtu gawas kun suhúlan, I won’t go unless I’m paid for it. anak sa — illegitimate child. pa- v [A; c5] display one’s skills and knowledge for an audience to appreciate. Gialirúngan si Tinù nga nagpagawas sa íyang mga binúang, People gathered around Tino showing off his jokes. Gipagawas na níya ang tanan níyang kaláki apan lúpig gihápun siya, He has emptied his bag of tricks but he still can’t compete. gawsanan, -ánan n exit, place one leaves through. ka-an(←) n freedom, liberty. -nun a free, not under any control. Kinabúhing gawasnun, A free and unfettered life. gaway n tentacles. Katul ang gaway sa bukya, Jellyfish have itchy tentacles. gawaygáway n small tree with alternate pinnate leaves. The bark is used for dyeing and strengthening fishlines. It has a white flower similar to a string bean. The flower and the young fruit are cooked and eaten as vegetables: Sesbania grandiflora. gawgaw n starch made from cassava, corn, buri. v [A; a2] make starch. gáwì v [A; a12] use s.t. Ambi nang ákung bulpin kay gawíun ku, Give me back my ball-point pen because I am going to use it. n character, ways. Pilía ang babáying maáyug gáwì, Choose a girl with good ways about her. ka-an n manner of doing, using s.t., customs. Ang pagsultig kusug súpak sa maáyung kagawían, Talking loud smacks of bad manners. gawù = galù_1, 2. gā́y = gálay. gayang n a k.o. bolo about 18″ long with a straight blade. The back edge curves slightly upward forming a crest near the tip, with a flat end that slants outward so that the end and the bottom form a point. gayhab = galhab. gáyì = gánì (colloquial). gáyid n s.t. that serves as a guide. v {1} [A; b6] guide the way. Gayri mi kay wà mi katultul, Guide us because we don’t know the way. {2} [B1256] become a guide. Nagáyid ku niadtu sa ílang ikspidisiyun, I became their guide in their expedition. gayud short forms: dyud, giyud {1} with adjectives: without doubt. Sukù giyud siya nímu, She’s sure to be mad at you. {2a} with verbs: make it a point to [do]. Úha giyud, Be sure to hit him on the head. {2b} [so-and-so] will happen for sure, can’t help but happen. Ang talawan, bísag ilútan, mudágan giyud, A coward, even if he is agitated, will be sure to run away. {2c} na — [so-and-so] happened at last. Salámat, nakapangíhì na giyud ku, Thank heavens. At last I’ve had a chance to urinate. {2d} ra — [so-and-so] will happen despite anything. Hingpatyan ku ra giyud nang bastúsa, I’ll kill that s.o.b. one of these days for sure. {3a} walà — never. Wà giyud ku masáyud ánà, I never knew that. {3b} dílì — never will [do]. Dì giyud ku maglúib nímu, I’ll never betray you. sa dílì pa — certainly before [so-and-so] happens. Bángun sa dílì pa gayud mubanagbánag, Be sure to wake up before daybreak. {4} with nouns, pronouns: it is, was [pronoun] without a doubt. Siya giyud ang kinagwapahan, She is the prettiest. {5} with adjectives: it is [adjective] without a doubt. Lamì giyud kaáyu, It was really delicious, without a doubt. {6} with forms meaning ‘there is (are), there always be ... for sure’. Dúna giyuy táwung kulukuyun, There always will be foolish people. {7} with numerals: [numeral] for sure. Tulu man giyuy íyang gikaun, He ate three whole pieces. {8} with words referring to a place: right at the place. Náa giyud mi sa publasiyun, We are right in town. {9} with interrogatives: exactly [who, when, where, etc.]. Kanus-a man giyud ka gíkan? Exactly when are you leaving? {10} with words referring to time: exactly at [such-and-such] a time. Alas dús giyud tu paglínug, The earthquake was exactly at two o’clock. Karun pa giyud siya muabut, He just arrived a moment ago. Pagkamatay giyud ni Hisus, mingíub ang kalibútan, At the moment Jesus died the world was plunged into darkness. {11} — lang for no reason except that that’s the way it is. ‘Ngánung ingnun nímu ánag pahimútang?’—‘Gayud lang,’ ‘Why did you set it up like that?’—‘I just did, that’s all.’ ngánu — why did it have to be? Ngánu ba giyung gipakatáwu kung bungì? Why did I have to be born a harelip? mau — that’s the way it is. Mau giyud nang pubri. Mag-antus, That’s the way it is when you’re poor. You suffer. gayúma = lumay. gayun v [A12; a3] get the chance to do s.t. Nakagayun kug haluk níya, I got a chance to kiss her. pa- v [A3] manage, make s.t. not quite suited to the job work, anyway. Naglísud ku kay nagpagayun ku áring daut nga makina, I’m having a hard time. I am trying to make this defective engine run. hi- v [A12] have the chance, time to do s.t. Musulat ku nímu kun makahigayun, I’ll write you when I have the time to. n {1} time, chance. Wà kuy higayun pagtan-aw ug sini, I don’t have time to go to the movies. {2} chance, opportunity. Lihíru ka man giyud. Tagái sad kug higayun nga makadaug, You’re so good at it. Give me a chance to win, too. {3} time, instance. Dúnay mga higayun nga pangulbaan ku, There are times when I get so anxious. {4} time, event. Ang maung higayun gitambúngan sa mga dagkù sa lungsud, The said event was attended by the important people in the town. hi-(←) v [B1256] be well-situated in a job, dwelling place, etc. Dì na mi mulálin kay nahigáyun na mi dinhi, We won’t move because we are well-situated here. pahi-(←), pahi- v [A; c6] {1} arrange to have s.o. put in a job. Ikapahigáyun ka dáyug trabáhu kay paryinti mu ang bús, It can easily be arranged for you to get a job because you are a relative of the boss’s. {2} make arrangements for the proper performance of s.t. Ang punirarya ray mupahigáyun sa paglubung, The funeral parlor will take charge of the burial. {3} [b(1)] give s.o. a chance. Ákù únang gipahigayunan siya, apan kun muusab, ákù siyang kastigúhun, I’m giving him a chance this time, but if he does it again, I’ll punish him. {4} = pa-. kahigayúnan opportunity. Ang kahigayúnan kas-a rang mutuktuk sa pultahan, Opportunity knocks only once. ti-, pati- see tigayun. gáyun a inferior in quality or workmanship. Gáyun kaáyung pagkatahì ang ímung karsúnis, Your pants are very poorly tailored. v [B12; a2] be of inferior quality, do s.t. poorly. gáyung v [A; a1] propel a boat from the stern with a scull. Gayúngi ang búti arun muirug tag diyútay, Scull the lifeboat so we move forward a bit. Gayúngun ta lang nang gilay-úna, Let’s just go that distance by sculling. — nang — words said as one takes a baby in the lap standing and letting him lean back and forth. (→) n scull. gayunggayung n name of a folk dance. gay-ut a {1} out of shape, wrinkled. Gay-ut na kaáyu ang íyang susu, Her breasts were all flabby. {2} not up to par. Gay-ut ang íyang dinaganan karun, His running this time was not up to par. {3} tattered, torn to small bits. Ang íyang gay-ut nga sinínà gilábay, She threw out her tattered dress. v [B; a2] {1} make s.t. out of shape, get out of shape. Bag-u pa gánì nà nímung gisul-ub nagkagay-ut na man, You have just put that dress on, but it is wrinkled and out of shape already. {2} be below par, cause to be below par. {3} tear up until it is no longer usable. gi, gí = agi, 1, 1a, 1b, 1c. gi- {1} see -un_1. {2} see i-_1. gíak v [A; b] stamp the foot heavily on s.t. Giáki ang uk-uk, Stamp on the cockroach. gi-an see -an_1. gib-an tik n fight characterized by a furious exchange of blows. v [C2] have a furious exchange of blows. Ang duha ka buksidur naggib-antik sa katapúsang hugnà, The two boxers had a furious exchange of blows in the last round. gíbang v [A; a] nick a saw or blade. Gáhì kaáyung magíbang ang sundang, The machete won’t easily break. (→) n nick on the blade of a sharp instrument, broken serration in a saw. gibhang v [A3P; b5] knock a piece off of a whole, make a gap in s.t. Gibhángan (gibhángun) ang kural sa mga buyung, The rustlers will make a hole in the wall (will cause it to have a hole in it). n chip, gap, space left when s.t. has been removed from a single piece. Dakung gibhang sa ákung kinabúhì ang íyang pagkawálà, His disappearance left a huge gap in my life. ka- = gibhang, n. giblang n distance between two vertical things. Ang giblang sa duha ka pusti, The distance between the two poles. a wide, having a great distance between two vertical things in either side. v [B1; a12] be, become wide. Magiblang ang kalyi ug magtagà ang láray sa lubi, The street will become wide if you cut down the row of coconut trees. gidlak v [A; b6] glitter, sparkle. Wà makagidlak ang mga bitúun kay nagdag-um, The stars did not sparkle in the sky because it was overcast. gidlakgidlak a glittering, sparkling. Gidlakgidlak ang sinínang íyang gisul-ub, She wore a dress that was covered with little sparkling things. v [B3(1)6] glitter, sparkle. *gidlay ka- v [A13] {1} for clothing to be in tatters. Nagkagidlay ang saput sa makililímus, The beggar was wearing tattered clothes. {2} be reduced to a miserable condition due to misfortunes, financial set-backs, and the like. Nagkagidlay lagi ku kay gibyáan sa uyab, I’m a miserable wretch since my lover left me. Dì ku makabáyad kay nagkagidlay pa mi, I can’t pay because we are in a desperate financial condition. {3} be battered in a fight or some other undertakings. Nagkagidlay ku sa ámung tist, I was ruined on that test. Nagkagidlay ang ámung tím, Our team was reamed. gigming = gagming. see gaming. gigulu n gigolo. v [B26] be a gigolo. gihang = gilhang. gihápun {1} still, as before. Nagpabílin gihápun nga Risalista si Iyù Simun, Old Simon still remains a die-hard Rizalist. {2} still, nevertheless. Bísag unsáun, kang Sirhing kami gihápun, No matter what happens, we are still for Serging. {3} still the same thing. Balanghuy gahápun, balanghuy lang gihápun karun? We had cassava yesterday. Do we still have cassava today? mau — as always. Tigúlang na siya apan mau gihápun ambúngan, He is old now, but as always, handsome. sa — forever, always, at all times. Maingun sa sinugdan, karun, ug sa gihápun, sa mga katuígan ngatanan, As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. gihay n {1} petal. Ang gihay sa rúsas pula, Rose petals are red. {2} shred, strip, tear off s.t. Usa ka gihay sa íyang sinínà nahabilin sa alambri, A piece of her dress was left on the wire. v [A; ab4] tear s.t. into strips, shreds. Gihayun níya ang papil, She will tear the paper into strips. ka-(←) v [A13] be reduced to shreds. Nagkagíhay ang íyang pangatarúngan sa abtik nga panuksù, His reasoning was reduced to shreds by the intelligent questioning. gihì v [A; b] {1} slice a portion off a hunk of meat or fish. Gigihian nákug gamay ang gaway sa tabuguk, I cut a small slice from the octopus’ tentacles. {2} make an incision in meat or fish. Gihii ang karni nga igsusugba, Make incisions on the meat to be broiled. n slice taken off a hunk of meat or fish. gíhu = gísuk. gika- see i-_1. gíkan {1} from [such-and-such] a place. Miabut siya gíkan sa Hapun, He arrived from Japan. {2} from [such-and-such] a time. Natū́g siya gíkan sa buntag, He slept from morning on. {3} having just finished doing or being s.t. Gíkan akung nalígù, I’ve just come from my bath. {4} from, against an adversity. Luwasun ku ikaw gíkan sa kauláwan, I’ll save you from shame. {5} originating from. Ang táwu kunu gíkan sa ungguy, Man is said to have descended from the apes. — karun from now on, henceforth. Gíkan karun, wà nay sinisíni, From now on, no more movies. v {1} [A2; a] depart. Mugíkan ku ugmà pára Amirika, I’ll leave tomorrow for the United States. Ug gikánun nátug sayu, If we make it an early departure. {2} [A12S3; b6] originate from s.t. Kanang sugáa naggikan sa parúla, That light comes from the lighthouse. Ang íyang sakit nagagikan sa pagpúnayg panigarilyu, His sickness comes from excessive smoking. Halayung dápit ang ákung gigikánan, I come from a far place. pa- v [A; c1] see off on a trip. Akuy mupagíkan níya sa piyir, I’ll see her off at the wharf. -um- due to. Gumíkan sa ímung kadangag nawálà ang rilu, Because of your carelessness you lost the watch. v [A12S3] be due to. Ang báhà naggumíkan sa pagpúril sa lasang, Floods are due to deforestation. ka- n ancestral origin. Putiun siya kay katsílà ang íyang kagíkan, He is white because his ancestors were Spaniards. -in-an n {1} parents. {2} origin, primary source. Ang garbu mauy ginikánan sa tanang salà, Pride is the root of all sin. gílak n glitter, sparkle. Masúlaw ang gílak sa íyang mga aláhas, The glitter of her jewelry was dazzling. v [A2S] {1} glitter, sparkle. Migílak ang íyang mga mata, Her eyes glittered. {2} shine in popularity, prominence. Si Ilbis naggilak gihápun sa íyang kabantug, Elvis still is shining in his popularity. gilakgilak v [B146] have a sparkling brilliance. ma-un a sparkling. gilang v [A; b5] make crosswise or diagonal incisions into s.t. Gilanga (gilangi) ang isdà únà pritúha, Make incisions in the fish before you fry it. gil-as a warm. v {1} [B; b4] feel warm. Ug mugil-as ang panahun, paghúkas, arun dì ka gil-asan, If the weather gets hot, take off your shirt so you won’t feel hot. {2} [A123P; b4] feel restless, uneasy. Gigil-ásan ang íyang ginikánan sa dúgayng pagpinaábut kaníya, Her parents were restless waiting for her. ka- n {1} heat. {2} feeling of restlessness. ma-un a ill at ease. Magil-ásun siya nga miatúbang sa bisíta, She was ill at ease as she received her visitor. gílaw n steady flow of light from s.t. glowing, gleaming. v [BN] glow, gleam. Migílaw ang úling nga nagbaga, The red coals glowed. Naggilaw sa kaháit ang ákung pinútì, My bolo is gleaming with sharpness. gilawgilaw v [A] sparkle. gilay v [A; b6(1)] cut a slit in the ear of an animal for purposes of identification. -in-an a having a slit cut in the ear. gilayun see dáyun. gilhang (from lihang) n fissure, slit, gap where two long things join. Taas ang gilhang sa ílang pangidarun, There is a large difference in their ages. v {1} [B456; c1] have a narrow gap, slit. Naggilhang lang nang ímung ngípun, Your teeth are spaced wide apart. Gilhanga (igilhang) pagsira ang pultahan arun makalìlì ta, Don’t close the door all the way so we can peep. {2} [A; b6(1)] make a gash on s.t. to have an opening. Gilhangi ang isdang asinánan, Make a gash in the fish we will salt. gílis v [A; a] tear or cut into long straight strips. Ang hángin mauy nakagílis sa dáhun sa ságing, The strong wind tore the banana leaf into strips. Gigílis sa kusug nga pambut ang dágat, The pump boat cut a straight swath into the sea. (→) n a piece stripped off of s.t. † gilit n razor blade (from the brand name Gillette). v [a12] cut with a razor blade. Dì maputul nang hilúha ug dì gilitun, That string won’t break if you don’t cut it with a razor blade. gil-it v [A; c6] for a tiny portion of s.t. to stick out from behind or inside s.t. that conceals it. Migil-it na ang adlaw sa subangan, The sun has emerged from the east. Igil-it ang tumuy sa ímung dílà, Stick out the tip of your tongue. gil-ud v [A; b5] break s.o.’s bones. Gil-urun (gil-uran) ta ka run, I’ll break your bones. giluk a tickling sensation. Giluk kaáyu kun gitíkun ta sa íluk, It is very titillating to be tickled in the armpits. v {1} [B6; b4] tickle, feel s.t. tickling. Migiluk ang ákung ilung, My nose itched. Pwirting kinatáwa kay gigilukan (gigigkan, gigidkan) siya, She laughed hard because it tickled. {2} [A13] — ang kamut, tiil have a compulsion to touch s.t. or move the feet. Maggiluk ang kamut sa kiriwan, A kleptomaniac has itchy hands. Naggiluk ang ákung tiil. Kaáyung ibayli, My feet itch. How nice it would be to dance. (←) a intense tickling. v [B6; b4] tickle intensely. pa- [A; b] tickle s.o. Kaáyu giyud nímu pagigkan, How nice it would be to tickle you. gigkánun, ma-un a ticklish, sensitive to tickling. gím n {1} game, sports competition. Giuswag ang gím tungud sa ulan, The game was postponed due to the rain. {2} end of a game according to an agreement. Mangundang ta sa wà pay gím, Let’s quit before the end of the game. {2a} game of mahjong starting from the deal till the time one of the players goes mahjong. a game, showing spirit and enthusiasm, even under unpropitious conditions. Gím nà siya kay bísag way hílig, mukanta kun hangyúun, She is game because she will sing if you ask her to even if she doesn’t want to. v {1} [B236; a12] for a game to end. Migím (nagím) na lang wà pa kuy puntus, The game ended without my having contributed a point. Gíma na arun mangulì ta, Make it a game so we can go home. {2} [B12; b6] get to be game. paN- n a play to finish the game. Panggím ning sirbíha, This serve is the game point. gimat_1 a ugly, plain. Gimat nang panaptun ímung gipílì, You chose an ugly cloth. v [b12] get to be ugly. ka-(←) v [A13] be covered with dirt. Nagkagímat ang nawung sa bátà, The child’s face was covered with dirt. gimat_2 a tattered, in shreds. Gimat ang sinínà sa makililímus, The beggar has a tattered dress on. ka-(←) v [A13] be in tatters. gímaw v [A; c6] {1} emerge, for a small portion of s.t. to stick out above a surface or behind a concealment. Migímaw ang simud sa mga isdà ibabaw sa túbig, The snout of the fish emerged from the surface of the water. Ang mga turuk nanggímaw na, The sprouts are pushing out of the ground now. {2} come to light, be revealed. Ang kinaíya sa táwu bísan unsáun pagtábun, mugímaw gayud, One’s true character will surely come out no matter how carefully it is concealed. {3} [A2P] show oneself in a place. Wà na mugímaw (mupagímaw) nang mangingilad, That swindler never showed himself again. n visible portion of s.t. partially hidden. gim-aw = gímaw. giming = gaming. gímuk v [A2S3] make a slight movement in place. Migímuk ang bátang natúlug dihang gipáak sa namuk, The sleeping baby stirred when a mosquito bit him. Naggimuk ang mga úlud sa patay nga irù, Worms are wriggling over the dead dog’s body. n action of stirring. Way gímuk ang baryu kun magabíi, The village is completely quiet at night. gim-ut a {1} barely enough in space. {2} short of time, money. {3} expression of distaste, annoyance on the face. v [B; b6] {1} be barely enough in space. Mugim-ut (magim-ut) ang pasilyu kung hidaghanan sa táwu, The passageway will be congested if there are too many people who pass in it. {2} be short of time or money. Mugim-ut (magim-ut) ang ímung iskidyul ug daghang sabdyiks ímung kuháun, Your schedule will be very tight if you take too heavy a load. Gigim-útan ang kabus sa íyang kahimtang, The poor man is in a tight financial situation. {3} [B6; c1] for the face to get an expression of distaste or anger. Migim-ut (nagim-ut) ang íyang nawung kay gibahuan, She wrinkled up her face because she smelled s.t. bad. gina- see paga-un. gina-an see paga-an. ginábut see gábut. ginahapun = ginhápun. Gínang n Mrs. Siya si Gínang Riyis, This is Mrs. Reyes. v [A; a12] call s.o. ‘Mrs.’. ginansiya = ganansiya. gínga = gúnga. gingà = gingì, n 1. gingging_1 v [A; a2b2] tweak the ears or pull the hair on the side of head upwards with the thumb and forefinger. Ginggíngun ku nang ímung dunggan ug pabuyag ka, I will tweak your ears if you are naughty. gingging_2 pet name given to boys and girls. ginggun n {1} k.o. cloth of plain weave, usually blue-colored, coarser than the Indianhead cloth, used commonly for ordinary wear because of its durability. {2} coloration of horses: a white field sometimes with a tinge of grey covered with black speckles. {2a} a horse of this coloration. gingì n {1} spaces between toes and fingers. {2} slits or openings in walls, roofs, and the like. {3} small nooks, corners, crevices, creases in s.t. or parts of a body. Gingì sa hunàhúnà, Crevices of one’s mind. Gingì sa líug, Crease in the neck. {4} part of a broken branch, a part of a bunch or hand of fruit. Usa ka ginging úbas, Part of a bunch of grapes. v [A; a] break into parts, as branches and bunches of fruit. Migingì siyag sanga sa bayábas, He broke a guava branch into pieces. gingìgingì = gingì. ginhápun usual, normal in behavior, said in contexts referring to the unusualness of certain behavior. Katingad-an kay dílì ginhápun nga maulahi siya, It’s surprising because it’s not usual for her to be late. Ginhápun ba siya nga maghúbug? Is it normal for him to get drunk? ginháwa n {1} breath. Nabugtúan siya sa ginháwa sa alas tris, He expired at three o’clock. táman sa — as much as one could. Midágan siyag táman sa ginháwa, He ran away as fast as he could. {2} appetite for eating. Maáyu siyag ginháwa maung tambuk, He has a good appetite. That’s why he is fat. pára sa — for the purposes of food. Mamuhì ta pára sa átung ginháwa, Let’s raise animals for food. subra sa — excess food. Iláwug sa bábuy ang subra sa ginháwa, Feed the leftovers to the pigs. {3} cookies, small cakes. {4} one’s feelings. Nagláin ang ákung ginháwa, I feel lousy. Kulbà kaáyu ang ákung ginháwa, I was terribly frightened. {4a} used as subject for an instrumental passive verb or instrumental noun: feel like. Maáyung ihílak ang ákung ginháwa, I feel so much like crying. Nahadluk ku. Igdadágan ang ákung ginháwa, I was afraid. I felt like running away. mau na sa — have spent the limit of one’s strength. Mau na sa ginháwa nákung pugung arun dì ku makabakyaw, I controlled myself as much as I could to keep from hitting her. walà sa — not take s.t. to heart. Wà ra sa íyang ginháwa bísag kasab-an, She doesn’t take it to heart if she is cussed out. v [A2S3S; c] breathe. Dalia kay nagginhawa pa, Quick, she is still breathing. Nakabayad na ku sa mga útang. Makaginhawa na ta, I’ve paid the debts. Now we can breathe. Iginháwa ang dautang hángin gíkan sa bágà, Breathe out the bad air from the lungs. — ug luag v [A123S] breathe a sigh of relief. Nakaginhawa siyag luag pagkasáyud nga apindiks ra diay, He breathed a sigh of relief upon finding out it was just appendicitis. -in- n breathing. ginhawáan, ginhawaan n {1} entrails. Gidugùdugù níla ang ginhawáan sa bábuy, They made the entrails of the pig into blood stew. {2} insides. Dihà diay nati sa ginhawaan, There was a calf in the stomach. {3} mood, disposition. Nagdáut ang ákung ginhawáan kay nag-áway mi, I am in a bad mood because we had a quarrel. {4} capacity to withstand sickening, nauseating circumstances. Húyang siyag ginhawaan kay madismáyug makakitag dugù, She has a weak stomach because she faints when she sees blood. Gíning n Miss. Kini si Gíning Santus, This is Miss Santos. v [A; a12] call s.o. ‘Miss’. gínit n the cloth-like sheath, growing off the sides of the base of coconut palm fronds, protecting the young frond and the blossom. ginlaw v [B3(1); b6] shine, glitter. Muginlaw ang úru ug mainitan, Gold will glitter in the sun. Nagginlaw ang íyang brilyanti, Her diamond is glittering. Naginlaw ang sawug sa plurwaks, The floor shone with the floor wax. a glittering, glossy. n glitter, gloss. ginsud = agínud. ginta n {1} distance of one point to another ahead or above it. May gintang dyis mitrus ang balay sa karsáda, The house is set back ten meters from the road. {2} distance beyond a certain point. Ayaw itúpung sa ngilit. Butangig ginta, Don’t build it flush to the edge. Let it overhang. {3} distance given as an advantage in a race. v [B456; c] {1} overlap or extend beyond s.t. Taas na ang byábas kay miginta na sa atup, The guava tree is tall because it has grown higher than the roof. {2} give s.o. an advantage in a race. Gigintáhan siyag lima ka mitrus, He was given a five-meter advantage. gintang n {1} = ginta. {2} distance the sun is above the horizon. {3} difference in age. Diyis anyus ang gintang sa magtiáyun, The married couple has a ten-year difference in age. v {1} = ginta. {2} [A; b6] for the sun to travel a certain distance. Udtu na kay taas nag gigintángan ang adlaw, It’s late because the sun has risen high. ginting n deep scallops or serrations on the edge of s.t. v [AB46; c1] cut the edge or border of s.t. into deep scallops. Nagginting ang tápay sa manuk, A cock’s comb is serrated. Gigintíngan níya ang sidsid sa íyang sinínà, She made scallops at the lower edge of her dress. gintingginting n one of a series of V-shaped segments on the outer edge of s.t., usually for decoration. gunting nga — pinking shears. v [b6(1)] make a V-shaped scallop on the edge of s.t. gin-u n k.o. small shiny cowry with a color combination of yellow and green. ginuk v [A; a12] move, stir. Ayaw ginuka ang bátà arun dílì magmata, Do not stir the baby so that it won’t wake up. gin-ut n {1} stuffy and airless. Gin-ut kaáyu dinhi kay daghang táwu, It’s stuffy here because there are lots of people. {2} for the nose to be stuffed or chest to be tight. v [B; b4] {1} be stuffy and airless. Gin-utan aku áning sinínang naylun, I feel hot in this nylon shirt. {2} for the nose to be stuffed or the chest to feel tight. Nagin-ut ang dughan sa gihúbak, The asthmatic had a tight feeling in his chest. ginúu n {1} lord, God. Ginúu ku, unsa kahay ákung nalimtan? Oh Lord, what could I have forgotten? {2} term of address for gentleman: Mr., Sir. Ginúu Magsaysay, Mr. Magsaysay. {3} most feared and influential head in a place. Kanang ismaglir mauy ginúu íning baryu, That smuggler is the lord of this barrio. way — Godless. Way ginúu nang tulisána. Dílì malúuy nga mupatay sa íyang gitulísan, That robber doesn’t fear God. He kills his victims without mercy. gíp n gift. -rap v [A; a2] gift-wrap. Giprap-un ba ni? Shall we gift-wrap this? gipak n a piece broken off from a whole. v [AB12] break s.t. into pieces. Naggipak kug káhuy nga isugnud, I am breaking off pieces of wood for firewood. Nagkagipak ang búkid sa gidinamíta kini, The mountain gradually got broken up into small chunks as it was dynamited. gipakig-an see pakig-an. gipang n {1} lump of s.t. Usa ka gipang kan-un, A lump of food. {2} s.t. chopped off or broken off from the bunch. Usa ka gipang káhuy, A piece of wood broken off from the tree. a having a chipped off edge. v [AB; a] get separated, broken off or apart. Ákung gipangun ang mga sáhà sa palmíra kay itanum, I’ll break off the shoots of the potted palm to plant. (←) v [AB126; b5] chip off the edge. Nagípang ang bàbà sa básu nga napangkà, The mouth of the glass chipped when it was bumped against s.t. -únun a s.t. ready to break off, e.g. shoots for replanting. giping v [AB; a] break things in a bunch apart, for things in a bunch to become separated. Si Nánay ang migiping (naggiping) sa ságing, Mother was the one who broke off the bunch of bananas. Nagiping na ang mga tudlù sa bátang nakúhà, The baby that was miscarried had its fingers and toes parted. Gipingun ku ning úbas, I’ll separate this bunch of grapes. giprap see gíp. giplud, gípud v [A; a2] {1} break off a tooth or serration. Kinsay naggípud sa gabas? Who broke the teeth of the saw? Nagkagipud ang íyang ngípun, His teeth are breaking off. {2} break s.o.’s bones. Giplúran ta ka sa mga tiil ug mulakaw ka, I’ll break your legs if you go out. (→) a for teeth or serration to be broken off. gípung v [A; c1] take glowing embers and put them together to keep them going. Gipúnga (igípung) ang bága arun dílì mamatay, Put the embers together so the fire won’t burn out. gip-ut = ha-. ha- a {1} narrow in space or passageway. Hagip-ut nga agiánan, A narrow passageway. Hagip-ut ang ámung kwartu, We have a small, narrow room. {2} tight in financial situation, mode of living. Hagip-ut kaáyu mi run. Dílì mi makahátag, We’re in a tight situation now. We can’t contribute. Hagip-ut na kaáyu ang panahun, We have very little time left. {3} for clothes not to be quite enough. Hagip-ut kaáyu ning panaptúna, This cloth is too narrow. v [B; c1] {1} be, become narrow in space or passageway. Muhagip-ut (mahagip-ut) na ning agiánan ug ímung butangag daghang bangkù, The passageway will become narrow if you put lots of benches in it. {2} for a situation to become difficult, for time to get short. gíra n {1} war. {2} trivial matters talked about in a conversation that’s supposed to be important. Unsáun pagsugut nga gíra may giisturyáhan? How could she accept him when they kept talking about the weather instead of what was on their minds? v {1} [C2; c] be at war. Kun makiggíra ta sa Tsína, ihían lang ta, If we wage war against China, they can win just by urinating on us. {2} [a2] go to war over s.t. Maátù lang ang Sába kun giráhun, Sabah will be ours only if we go to war for her. {3} [a2] quarrel with, make war on a member of the family. Gigíra siya sa íyang asáwa kay dúgayng mipaúlì, His wife went on the warpath against him because he came home late. — patánì n {1} civil war. {2} all-out quarrel among people residing together. Gíra patánì sa Munti, Riot in the Muntinlupa prison. v [A2C; a2] have a civil war. Naggíra patánì ang managsúun báhin sa kabílin, The brothers and sisters are fighting to the death over the inheritance. di-, bapur di-, barku di-, búki di- n warship. giráwut v {1} [A1; a2] fire s.o. from his job. Gigiráwut siya kay tapulan, He was fired because he was lazy. {2} [A2; b3] get out of a place or position due to pressure, threats, and the like. Mugiráwut ku sa ámù kay kuyaw, I’ll leave our place because it’s a dangerous place. Unsay ímung gigirawtan? Gamayg swildu? Why did you quit? Low pay? girdul n girdle. v [A; b6] wear a girdle. girilya n guerilla. v [B156; a12] become a guerilla fighter. Naggirilya ang mga kalakin-an sa panahun sa ukupasiyun, The men became guerillas during the Japanese occupation. girilyíru, girilyista = girilya, n. giring n ruffle. giringgiring n {1} shallow scallops or serrations, ruffles. {2} slightly crazy. v {1} [A; a] make a shallowly scalloped border. Giringgiringa ang ímung paggunting arun arti tan-áwun, Scallop the edges so it will look artistic. {2} [B] look like a scalloped edge. Kabakhawan nga migiringgiring sa ílang luyu, A mangrove swamp that looked like a scalloped edge in back of them. {3} [B12] become crazy. Nagkagiringgiring siya kay kanúnayng mapasmu, He is becoming crazy because he often goes hungry. girípu = grípu. giríra n heroine, woman warrior. Si Hwána di Arku bantúgang giríra, Joan of Arc was a famous woman warrior. v [B156] be a woman warrior. girnalda n wreath, garland. v {1} [a12] make a wreath, garland. Háin man ang mga girnaldáhun? Where are the things for the wreath? {2} [A; b] wear or place a wreath. gisa, gisal v [A; a] fry s.t. with little oil and usually together with s.t. else. -du(←) a fried. gisantis n {1} green peas. {2} dog as food (humorous slang—so called because dog meat is commonly prepared with peas). gisaw = gusaw. gísì v {1} [A; a] tear s.t. Naggísì siyag panaptun arun ibáat sa samad, She tore off a strip of cloth to bandage the wound. Nagísì ang íyang kasingkásing sa ílang panagbúlag, It tore her all up when they broke up. {2} [A; b6] make a slight cut or laceration. Gigisían ang inahan sa primírung pagpanganak, The mother had some lacerations during her first delivery. (→) n tear, laceration. May gisì ang ímung karsúnis, Your pants have a tear in them. gisìgisì v [A; a12] tear s.t. to shreds. Gigisìgisì níya ang sulat sa blakmílir, She tore the blackmailer’s letter into pieces. -un a all ripped up. gísing_1 = gísung. gísing_2 = agigísing. gislang n k.o. snapper. gisnga v [BN; b6] for the nose to bleed. Nanggisnga (migisnga) ang íyang ilung, His nose bled. Gisngahi nang tawhána sa ilung, Give that man a bloody nose. gist n honored guest at an official function. — ispíkir n guest speaker. v [B1256] be a guest speaker. gísu n lime. v {1} [A1; a] make chalk. {2} [A; b] whitewash. Gisúhan nátù ang bungbung, Let’s whitewash the walls. gísuk n name given to various trees which furnish second-class hardwood. v [A12] make s.t. of gísuk. Gigísuk námù ang halígi arun lig-un, We used gísuk wood for our posts to make them strong. gísung v {1} [A; a1] shake into consciousness. Gisúnga ang gwardiya arun magmata, Shake the guard so he will wake up. {2} shake plants or children on Holy Saturday to assure that they will grow well. n Holy Saturday (the day before Easter), so named from the shaking of growing things done on that day. giswid v {1} [A; c1] stretch the body, move it around with a wriggle. Mibángun siyag migiswid, He got up and stretched. {2} [A2; c6] free oneself of financial problems. Wà kuy kwartang ikagiswid nákù sa mga útang, I don’t have any money to free myself of my debts. gít n gate. — kras v [A2; b6] crash the gate. Gigitkrásan ang ámung parti, There were gate crashers at our party. — krásir n gate crasher. gitára n guitar. v {1} [A] play the guitar. {2} [a12] make into a guitar. gitarista n guitar player, accompanist. v [B16] become a guitarist. gitgit_1 n k.o. swallow: Artamus leucorhynchus. -in- n k.o. kite with a swallow’s tail. gitgit_2 n variety of kalípay. gitì n clitoris (coarse). — sa ímung (íyang) ina = bilat sa ina (coarse). see bilat. v [A12] the thing that is irksome (coarse—said in extreme annoyance). Ang nakagitì nímu mau nga tihik ka, What’s wrong with you is that you’re stingy. gítib = gitlib. gítik v {1} [AN; a1] tickle, titillate. Ang naggítik (nanggítik) nakakatawa usab tungud sa inagik-ik sa gigítik, The way she squealed as she was being tickled made the fellow that was tickling her laugh. {2} [a12] stab s.o. with a slender pointed instrument (slang). Ang gigítik níya sa ayispik namatay, The person he stabbed with the ice pick died. {3} pluck a musical instrument. Ang sista nga íyang gigítik, The guitar he is playing. n tickling. ma-un a titillating. Ang íyang magitíkung huwaphúwap nakapadásig nákù, Her titillating caresses excited me. gitkánun, giktánun a ticklish, sensitive to tickling. gitinggiting = gintingginting. see ginting. gitlì v [A; b6] for a tiny portion of s.t. to come into view before the whole shows itself. Migitlì na ang únang bidlísiw sa adlaw, The first rays of the sun started to peep out. gitlib v [A; b6] start to appear on a surface by showing a tiny portion. Migítib na ang binhì, The seed has started to sprout. Mihubag ang lagus nga gigitíban sa panúuk, The gums swelled where his wisdom tooth was making its appearance. gitpas n ticket allowing one free admission. v {1} [A1; b] use a gate pass. {2} [A12; b] get a gate pass. Nakagitpas ku ganína, I was able to get a gate pass a while ago. gitugitu = ngitungitu. gítung n tang, the small projecting part of a blade that is fitted into the handle. v [A; a2] make a tang, provide with a tang. giuk, gíuk v [A; a] remove grain from rice stalks with the feet. Gigiuk níla ang humay, They threshed the rice. gíut a tight with barely enough space because of closeness, proximity in distance. Gíut ang mga káhuy niánang bungtúra, The trees are dense on that hill. v [B; c] squeeze into a narrow space, be closely packed. Mugíut lang ta bísan punù sa mga táwu, We will just squeeze in even if it’s filled with people. Gigíut níla sa láta ang mga papílis, They squeezed the papers into the can. giwang n fissure, narrow crack. v [A; b6] make a fissure in. Giwangi ang ilisánan kay manglìlì ta, Make a slit in the dressing room so we can peep inside. giwánun n fresh-water spring near the seashore, tasting a bit salty. giwatay a badly torn; tattered. v [AB; a] get badly torn, tear s.t. to shreds. Naggiwatay ang mga ituy sa linadlad, The puppies tore the laundry into shreds. Nagkagiwatay ang íyang bisti, Her dress was all tattered and torn. gíwit v [B12; a1] torn into shreds. Nagkagíwit na giyud kaáyu ang mga kurtína, My curtains are torn to pieces from use. giwitgiwit a badly torn, tattered. Giwitgiwit intáwun kaáyug sinínà ang makalilímus, The beggar’s clothes are in tatters. v [B1] be, become badly torn. gíya v [A] lead the way, guide s.o. to a place. Ang kumpas mauy maggíya sa barku, The compass guides the ship. Gigyáhan silag Manúbù, They were guided by a Manobo tribesman. n {1} guide. {2a} tie rod of the steering system of a motor vehicle. {2b} steering cable in a boat which connects the steering wheel and the rudder. {3} a line with a ball of rope on one end and the other attached to the towline of a ship. When the ship docks it is tossed to the wharf so as to bring the boat’s towline with it. giyan v [A123P; a4] crave s.t. one is addicted to. Gigiyan na kug kapi kay naánad na, I’m addicted to coffee because I’m used to it. gíyaw n glitter of s.t. dark violet in color, such as some rosary beads. gláb n {1} gloves. {2} boxing gloves. v [A; c] wear gloves. gladiyúla n gladiola. glú n glue. v [A; b6] glue. Glúhi ang librung bawnun, Put glue on the books to be bound. glurya see duminggu. gluryúsu a glorious, delightful. v [B12] become glorious. Magluryúsu ang táwu ug way kaguúl, A person becomes glorious when he has no worries. — nga mistiryu n the glorious mysteries, one of the three series of mysteries in the Holy Rosary. Gn. abbreviation for Gíning, ‘Miss’. Gng. abbreviation for Gínang, ‘Mrs.’ grába n gravel. -du a paved with gravel. v [A; b5] pave with gravel. Grabadúhun (grabadúhan) sa gubyirnu ang mga karsáda, The government will pave the roads with gravel. -dur(→) n one who hauls and shovels gravel. v [B56; a2] work as a gravel hauler. † grabansus = karabansus. grábi a {1} in serious condition. Grábi siya, dì tingáli kaugmaan, He is serious. He might not live till tomorrow. {2} done in too great a degree, being in too great a degree. Grábi ra nang ímung pasíaw, You prank too much. Grábing dimalása. Gipanítan ku sa madiyung, It’s a very unlucky day for me. I lost in mahjong. {3} expression showing one’s disgust, dismay over s.o.’s failure to do s.t. which he should have done, or avoid s.t. which he could have avoided doing. Grábi sad kag nalímut nga gahápun pa man tu, How could you ever forget when it was just yesterday. Grábi! Bisag diyuy wà ka? Good heavens. You haven’t got anything at all? Not even half a centavo? v {1} [B2] become worse. Nagkagrabi ang íyang sakit kay wà tambali, His sickness is getting worse and worse because he didn’t treat it. {2} [b8] for s.t. to be overdone. Higrabihan nímug nusnus ang sílak, maung napánas, You rubbed the shellac too much, so that it got worn off. {3} [b8] get s.t. more than any one else. Sa tanang gikastígu siyay nagrabihan, He got the heaviest punishment of all of them. grabihan a not given to conversation, unsmiling. Míngaw ikaúban bayhána kay grabihan, It’s no fun to go with her because she doesn’t respond to people. grabihun a snobbish, refusing to have to do with people deemed inferior. Lisud duúlun ang táwung grabihun, It’s hard to approach a snobbish person. grádu n {1} rating, grade. Nahagbung siya kay mabag grádu, He failed because he got low grades. {2} level or stage of education. Tirsíru grádu ra ku kutub, I only went as far as third grade. {3} educational attainment. Way grádu ang ámung mutsatsa, Our maid has no schooling at all. {4} grade of a lens. Pílay grádu ímung kibídu? What’s the grade of your eyeglasses? v {1} [A; b1] give a grade, rating. Gigradúhan siyag ip kay absinti, He was given an F because of his absences. Gradúhan kug i ang maáyung ripurt, I’ll give an A to a good report. {2} [A12] obtain a grade or rating. Kas-a pa ku makagrádu (makagradu) ug i, I got an A only once. † graduwar v {1} [A2; b6] graduate. Abugasíya ang íyang gigraduwaran, He finished law. {2} pass from one particular stage or condition to another. Hápit na siya mugraduwar sa pagkaulitáwu kay kaslun ugmà, He is about to graduate from his bachelorhood because he will be married tomorrow. {3} [A23] be removed from a basketball game after a number of fouls. Migraduwar siya human sa ikalimang páwul, He was disqualified after his fifth foul. graduwáda = graduwádu (female). graduwádu n {1} graduate, esp. college graduates. Graduwádu ray madáwat áning trabahúa, Only those with a college degree will be considered for this job. {2} one who is experienced in doing or being s.t. Graduwádu nà sa pagkakalma, He has proven himself cool-headed. Graduwádu sa pangáwat, He is an experienced thief. graduwasyun, graduwisyun n graduation, commencement exercises. graduwit = graduwar. gráhi = garáhi. gramatika n grammar. grámu n gram. v [B256] be one gram. Wà ra mugrámu (magrámu) ang kúwang sa timbang sa karni, The shortage in the meat didn’t even amount to a gram. grámus = grámu (plural). grána v [A; b5] dye. Gigranáhan nákug asul ang sayal, I dyed the skirt blue. n dye. granáda n {1} pomegranate. {2} hand grenade. granáti_1 n deep red color. granáti_2 = garnáti_2. grandi {1} = in-grandi. {2} búsung — complete and thorough búsung (divine punishment) without let-up. Búsung grandi, gábà hiniral na nà kay nagtúman sa gustu, What has happened is the divine punishment they brought on themselves because they had to do just as they pleased. granil = garanil_1, 2. graníti n center punch, a pointed tool, usually with conical tip, used to mark a hole to be drilled. v [A; b6(1)] use a center punch on s.t. granstan n grandstand. pa- v [A] take a seat in the grandstand. paN- v [c] spend for a grandstand ticket. Wà kuy kwarta nga ikapanggranstan, I have no money to buy a grandstand seat. gránu n {1} grains. Mas pínu ang gránu sa asúkar kay sa kámay, Refined sugar has finer grains than brown sugar. {2} texture of a surface. Ang pánit sa Hapun pínug gránu, Japanese have fine-textured skin. {3} grain, texture of wood. {4} — maldítu inflamed pimple, usually on the face. Gihilantan siya kay nahubag ang gránu maldítu sa íyang nawung, She got a fever because the pimple on her face got infected. grap_1 n graft, wealth obtained dishonestly through political connections. — ug (an) kurapsiyun Graft and corruption. v [A1] take graft. grap_2 n graft for a plant. v [A; a] put a graft on a plant. grap_3 n graph. v [A; c1] make a graph. Grapa (igrap) ang lakaw sa íyang hilánat, Make a graph of the course of his fever. grápa = garápa. grapinyíra = garapinyíra. grapupunu n spring operated phonograph. grása n grease. v {1} [A; b6] grease s.t. Gigrasáhan níya ang bíring sa ligid, He lubricated the wheel bearings. {2} [B1245; b8] get grease on it. Higrasahan (nagkagrása) hinúun ang ákung púlu, My shirt got grease on it (got grease all over it). grasáhun a greasy, oily. grasya n {1} grace or blessing, usually from God. Grasya sa Diyus nabúhì ku, Thank God, I survived. {2} a person’s trait or act which causes joy or satisfaction to s.o. else. v [b4] receive the grace of God. Gigrasyahan siya sa Diyus maung nabúhì, God showed His grace on him and he lived. pa- v [A; b6] give others joy or satisfaction in dealing with them. Íyang gipagrasyahan ang usa ka sapían pinaági sa pagsirbi ug maáyu niíni, He worked his way into the good graces of a wealthy man by serving him well. grasyáda n female working student in an exclusive girls’ school. v [B6] be a grasyáda. grasyas {1} expression of profound and humble thanks. Grasyas, sinyur, sa ímung panábang, Thank you, master, for your help. 2 expression uttered when one belches. Grasyas, nabusug ku, Thanks be to God. I’m full. paN- v [A12] give profound thanks. Manggrasyas ta sa Diyus sa íyang kadagáyà kanátù, Let us give thanks to God for the blessings He has bestowed on us. grasyúsa a graceful (female). n k.o. soft white bread with a rather flat taste. v [B25; c1] be graceful. grasyúsu a graceful (male). n the clown or fool in plays. v [B25; a] {1} be graceful. {2} be the clown in a play. grátis a free, gratis. v [c1] be given away free. Igrátis (gratísun) níla ang sampul, They are giving the samples away free. † grawundid a short-circuited. v [B1256] become short-circuited. gráwun_1 n grounding in electrical wiring. v {1} [B26] be short-circuited. Dúnay wayir nga way tabun maung migráwun (nagráwun), Some of the wire is not covered so it got short-circuited. {2} [b6] connect with the ground so as to make the earth part of the circuit. Grawni arun makusug ang radiyu, Ground it so the radio will come in clear. gráwun_2 n area on which a building is put. Dakù ug gráwun ang Trid Iskul, The Trade School has a large playground. gríd n grade given in school. grídir n road grader. v [a12] go over s.t. with a grader. grín a {1} green color. {2} lewd talk or story. Gilamian ku sa íyang isturyang grín, I liked his green stories. — drágun = bulbul, n2. v {1} [BN] turn green. Migrín (nagrín, nanggrin) ang mga layang sagbut nga giuwanan, The withered grass turned green after the rain. {2} [A; b6] add green color to s.t. Grínig gamay ang ímung tabuntábun, Put a little green on your eyelids. {3} [A13] wear green clothes. gríps n grapes. grípu n faucet. Way túbig ang grípu, There’s no water (lit. in the faucet). gris, grís n a coarse cotton cloth which is plain woven and with a gray color. v [A13] wear grís. grispul a graceful in movement. Grispul siyang misáyaw, She danced gracefully. v [B12; c1] be, do s.t. gracefully. grumíti n {1} crew of a ship. {2} member of a ship’s crew. v [B16; c1] become a member of a ship’s crew. grúpu n group. v [AC; ac3] form, be a group. Makiggrúpu ta níla arun madaghan ta, Let’s have them in the group so there will be lots of us. Grupúha ang mga bátag pakan-a, Group the kids and feed them. Maáyu siyang ikagrúpu kay aligrihun, It’s good to have him in the group because he is jolly. grupugrúpu v {1} [C; a] form into groups. {2} [AC; b(1)] play grupugrúpu. n game of hide and seek played by several teams, wherein a whole team is ‘it’ and all the members of a team must come in free. ka- n fellow group member. grusiri n grocery store. v [A; c1] make, operate a grocery store. grusiríya = grusiri. grútu n grotto where a saint’s statue is placed. v [A13; a2] make a grotto. gu see marts. gú n green traffic light. — signal n green light in traffic, sign permitting s.o. to proceed doing s.t. Dì pa mabaligyag wà pay gú signal, We can’t sell it if we don’t get the go-signal. v [B236] for the go-signal to be given to vehicles. Wà pa gánì magú (mugú) nanglábay na ang mga trák, It isn’t even the green light yet and the trucks have started. guang n large clod, usually in a plowed field. gub. abbreviation for Gubirnadur ‘governor’. gúb = gulub. guba v [b(1)] swarm over s.t. to consume it. Gigubhan sa mga manuk ang binlad, The chickens swarmed over the rice being dried. Gigubhan sa mga bisíta ang litsun, The visitors swarmed over the roast pig. gubà v [A3P; a1] {1} destroy, wreck, put out of order. Ang tambuk naggubà sa ímung pigúra, Fat is ruining your figure. Nagkagubà ang báy nga wà puy-i, The house is getting dilapidated because it hasn’t been occupied. Gub-a ang payag, Tear the hut down. {2} ruin plans, life, and the like. Nagubà ang ákung plánung madátù, My dream to become rich was ruined. {3} — ang nawung [B126] grimace. Nagubà ang íyang náwung mu rag nakakaug aslum, He grimaced as though he had eaten s.t. sour. {4} [A; a12] cultivate virgin land. Ang ákung mga apuhan mauy únang migubà íning yutáa, My ancestors were the first to cultivate this land. n damage done, mechanical defect. Dakug gubà ang kutsi maung giubirhǔl, The car sustained heavy damage so it was overhauled. a damaged, broken down, dilapidated. Gubà ang tulay, The bridge is out of order. -in- n pieces of materials from s.t. demolished. ma-un(←) a destructive. -un a of a broken-down, dilapidated sort. gubàgubà v vase shells, k.o. small univalves with rough, grey exteriors, furnishing edible meat. gubana = gwayabanu. gúbat n {1} war. {2} trivial matter talked about in a conversation that is supposed to be important. Unsáun níya pag-amural nga gúbat may giisturyáhan, How could he proceed with his courtship when she kept talking about everything but what he was trying to get at. — patánì civil war. v {1} [C2; c] be at war. Naggúbat ang duha ka násud, The two nations are at war. {2} [a2] fight over s.t. Dílì kinahanglan gubátun ang Matsug Kimuy, There’s no need to go to war over Matsu and Quemoy. maN-r- n warrior, combatant. paN-an n battlefield. gubhay n {1} a strand of hair. {2} the warp threads in weaving. gubin n encumbrance, annoyance, s.t. that takes one’s attention away from one’s purpose. Wà silay gubin kay way anak, They don’t have problems because they have no children. v [A; a2] be an encumbrance, annoyance. Ayaw dad-a ang bátà kay magubin ka unyà, Don’t take the children because they will encumber you. Wà ku gubini sa ímung pag-istar, I don’t consider your visit an annoyance. gubirnadur n governor. v [B156; a2b3] be, make a governor. Siyay átung gubirnadurun kay maáyung táwu, We’ll make him governor because he’s a good man. Pangwarta mauy íyang gigubirnaduran, He ran for governor to make money. -íya n governorship, office of the governor. gubirnu n government. — militar n military government. gubirnur = gubirnadur. gúbuk n fat of beef or carabao meat. gúbul v [A; b3c] grumble, complain under one’s breath. Ayawg igúbul sa manidyir ang nahitabù, Don’t go complaining to the manager about what happened. n grumbling or grumbling sounds. gubut a {1} tangled. Gubut ang íyang buhuk nga gitís, Her hair was all tangled because it had been teased. {2} disorderly, topsy-turvy. Panghípus kay gubut ang kwartu, Straighten out your room because it’s all in disorder. {3} full of trouble and ill feeling. Gubut ang ílang panimuyù kay way pagsinabtanay, Their family life is full of trouble because there’s no understanding. — ang hunàhúnà troubled, confused mind. Dì ku mahinultul kay gubut ang ákung hunàhúnà, I don’t know what to do because my mind is confused and troubled. — ug pálad for a woman to have her life bothered by too many suitors. (Lit. Having palms with lines criss-crossing each other in a disorderly way.) n trouble, discord. Arun way gubut angáyun mug hátag, So there won’t be any trouble each of you will be given an equal share. v [A3P; a1] {1} entangle, be tangled up. Ayaw gubta ang iskuhídu kay dúgay husáyun, Do not tangle up the fine abaca fiber because it takes time to comb it out. {2} put into disorder. Nagubut ang balay kay nagdúlà ang mga bátà, The house is in a mess because the children were playing in it. {3} [A3P; ab3(1)] create trouble among several people. Gubta ang ílang míting arun maundang, Make trouble in their meeting so it will break up. Ang pirmi nílang kagubtan mau ang kwarta, Money is what they always quarrel about. Gisalída na ang gikagubtang sini nga law-ay, They are showing the obscene film that was the cause of so much controversy. (←) v [B145] be in utter confusion. Naggubut ang ákung hunàhúnà tungud sa ámung panagbángì, My mind is troubled because of our quarrel. Nagkagúbut ang hílu, The thread is completely tangled up. n commotion due to a fight. Nanambù mi arun pagtan-aw sa gúbut, We looked out of the window to watch the commotion. gubutgúbut n squabbles, fights over s.t. trivial. v [C3] for there to be squabbles or fights over s.t. trivial. Ug maggubutgúbut ang míting, If there are squabbles in the meeting. ka-(←) n {1} troubled, confused state. {2} major hostilities such as war, revolution. Namakwit mi panahun sa kagúbut, We evacuated during the war. magubtánun a {1} full of disorder. {2} bring disorder. maN-r- a troublemaker, disturber of the peace. gubyirnu = gubirnu. gud_1 short for ugud. *gud_2 — syát, nayit good shot, good night. see also máni. gugma n love. Krás lang nà dì gugma, That’s not love. That’s just a crush. Gugma sa inahan, A mother’s love. Dakù ang gugma níya sa pagpangabáyù, He has a great love for horseback riding. hi-/ha- v {1} [B123; a12] love s.o. Makahigugma kahà kag disgrasyáda? Can you love a girl that is no longer a virgin? Higugmáun ku ikaw kanúnay, I will love you always. {2} like s.t. Mahigugma kung mukáun ug úbas, I love to eat grapes. {3} [a3b8] learn to love s.o. Sa nadúgay nahagugma ra siya nákù, As time went on, she learned to love me. Ang íyang dagway mahagugmaan lámang sa inahan, Only a mother could love that face. higugmaay, hinigugmaay v [C] be in love. -in- n {1} loved one. {2} sweetheart. mahigugmáun a {1} loving, affectionate. {2} fond of. Mahigugmáun siyag sáyaw, She is fond of dancing. gugmagugma n matters regarding love and courtship. Kun maglikay ka sa gugmagugma matigúlang kang dalága, If you avoid love affairs you’ll become an old maid. gugmahánun a pertaining to love. Gisinsur ang gugmahánun nílang isína kay hílas, Their love scene was censored because it was obscene. gúgu = balúnus. gugul, gúgul_1 v [A; c1] {1} spend money on, appropriate money. Ug gugulan nang baláya ug kinsi mil, gwápu giyud, If you spend fifteen thousand on that house, it will be beautiful. {2} spend time, effort. Wà kuy panahung igúgul (gugúlun) sa binúang, I have no time to spend on foolishness. n amount allotted for s.t. a entailing great expense. Gúgul kaáyu ning magsunudsúnud ta sa múda, It’s very expensive to keep going with fashions. ma-un n spendthrift. gúgul_2 = gulgul. gúgul_3, guguls n sunglasses. v [A; a] wear sunglasses. guhà = gihì. guhab, gúhab = galhab. guhang_1, gúhang n toddy made from the buri palm. guhang_2 n hole which penetrates to the back or other side. May dakung guhang ang ímung sinínà, Your dress has a big hole. v [A3P; b6(1)] make a hole. Giguhangan sa mga prísu ang bungbung ug ígung agían, The prisoners made a hole in the wall big enough (for them) to pass through. ka-(←) v [A13] full of holes. Nagkagúhang ang atup nga wà libwási, The roof was full of holes because it never was repaired. guhay v {1} [A; ab4] tear s.t. into strips or shreds. {2} [A; a] slice a large fish for drying. n {1} strip torn off of s.t. {2} slice from a dried fish. gúhit n {1} a line on a drawing. {2} design, drawing. v {1} [A; b] line, draw lines on. {2} [A; a] make a design, draw pictures. guhitguhit v [A; a] doodle. n doodle. gúhù = gulhù. guitguit n layers of dirt on the body, teeth. Ang guitguit sa íyang líug katamnan ug sibúyas, You could plant onions in the layers of dirt on his neck. v [BN; b6] become covered with layers of dirt. Ang íyang ngípun giguitguitan (nangguitguit) sa talìtì, His teeth are thick with tartar. gukam a clumsy. Gukam kaáyu siyang manlihuklihuk, She moves clumsily. ka-(←) v [A13] have difficulty in carrying more than one can hold. Nagkagúkam siyag dala sa mga libru, She had great difficulty carrying all of the books. gukan v [B46; b4] for the breast to be flowing over with milk. Maggukan ang súsu basta subra ug gátas ang inahan, If the mother has too much milk it tends to drip out. Gigukanan na ang bag-ung nanganak, The new mother’s milk is already flowing. gúkang = gukam. guknat v [A] set out to go s.w. Sayu nga miguknat ang magdadaru sa báy arun magdáru, The farmer left the house early to go plowing. gukù v [B; c1] bent, bowed, crouched. Migukù si Tim arun dílì masungkù, Tim bent low so he would not bump his head. Nagukù (migukù) na siya sa pagsinulat, He has become stoop-shouldered from too much writing. a hunched, bent over. gukud, gúkud v [A2SC2; a1] {1} run after, give chase. May irung naggukud, There’s a dog running after us. Gukdun tag patrul ning ímung drinayban, A police car will chase us if you keep on driving like this. {2} pursue s.o. to get revenge; persecute. Gigukud ni Níru ang mga Kristiyánus, Nero persecuted the Christians. Gigukud sa baláud ang pagdinamíta, Dynamite fishing is illegal. Gigukud si Buy sa gunting, Boy is badly in need of a haircut (being chased by the scissors). Gigukud ka sa sabun, You are badly in need of a bath (soap is chasing you). {3} [A12; b4(1)] catch up with s.o. after chasing him. Diin ka higukdi? Where did they catch up with you? n chase. gukdánay, ginukdánay v [C] chasing one another. magukdánun a persecuting, vindictive. gukdunun n s.t. chased. Daghan siyag uyab kay gukdunun kaáyug babáyi, He has lots of girl friends because he has a strong appeal to women. guk-ung v [A; b6] be sitting or perched s.w. where one is easily visible. Dakung táwu nga nagguk-ung sa paril, A large man perched on the wall. gúl n {1} goal in a game. {2} basketball ring. {3} the opposite area in checkers to which the pieces are moved. v {1} [A12] make a goal. Wà mi makagúl, We didn’t make any goals. {2} [A2] move a checker piece to the opposite side. gúla a for food not to be cooked well such that some parts of it are still raw. v [B26; c1] be half-cooked. Nagúwa pagkalútù nang bibingka, That rice cake is only half-baked. Daghang sustansya ang atay nga guwáhun (igúwa) paglútù, Pork liver cooked rare is nourishing. gulà v {1a} [A2; a] go out from. Migulà ku sa kwartu, I went out of the room. Gulaa (gul-a) nang hubug nga nagsábà sa gawas, Go out after that drunk that’s making noise outside. {1b} [B456] be sticking out. Birahi nang ímung kamisun kay migulà, Pull up your slip because it’s showing. {1c} [A; c6] bring s.t. out. Kinsay naggulà sa bátà nga tugnaw run? Who brought the child out? It’s chilly. Iguwà ang irù, Take the dog out. {2} [A2; b3] quit a job, position. Dì ka makagulà tungud sa kuntrátu, You can’t quit because of the contract. Ang kagamay sa swildu mauy ákung gigulaan, The small salary made me quit the job. {3} [A2; b4] have emission during orgasm. Migulà ang ákù pagkakità sa iyáha, I had an ejaculation when I saw hers. Kasagáran únang gul-an ang laláki, Usually the man is the first to have orgasm. {3a} [b4] menstruate. Wà ku gul-i rung buwána. Simbaku mabdus ku, I missed my period. God forbid I’m pregnant. {4a} [B2456] come out the winner. Sa sinádu migulà siyang numiru únu, In the senate race he came out first. {4b} [B2456] appear, materialize, turn out. Pagkudak nákù sa dalága, aswang ang migulà, When I photographed the girl, a witch is what turned out in the picture. {5} [B2456] appear in a publication. n {1} outside of an enclosure. Daghang táwu sa gulà, There are many people outside. {1a} outside the bedroom or kitchen, usually the living room. Pahulata sa gulà ang bisíta, Have the visitor wait in the living room. {2} issue or installment of a publication. Mugulà ang ímung sugilánun sunud gulà, Your story will be published in the next issue. {3} outcome, result of s.t. Hípi ang gulà nímu ug magpataas ka sa ímung buhuk, If you let your hair grow long, a hippie is what will result. {4} role in a play or presentation. Unsa may guwà nímu sa dráma? What is your role in the play? sulud — v [A2] keep coming in and out. Huy! Musulud gulà ka lang mu rag tag-íya, Hey! You just come in and out as if you were the owner here. pa- v {1} [A; ac] {1a} allow to go out. Pagul-a ang bátà arun mangíhì, Let the child go out to urinate. {1b} [A; c] display, present s.t. to the public. Nagpagulà siyag drámang minúrus, He presented a Moslem play. Wà ikapagulà ang tinda kay nag-ulan, The goods were not displayed because it was raining. {1c} [A; c] use knowledge or other resources to meet a particular situation. Ug makig-áway siya, pagul-i siya sa ímung dyúdu, If he picks a fight with you, try out your judo on him. {1d} issue a notice, order, etc. Nagpagulà ang prisidinti ug kasugúan báhin sa piliay, The president issued an order about the elections. Ikapagulà ku lang ang ákung hunàhúnà kun kinahanglánun, I give out my opinion only when necessary. {2} [A; a12] fire from job, position. Pagulaun ka kun magtinápul ka, You will be fired if you are lazy. -anan(←), gul-anan n exit. kagul-unun a on the verge of going out. tali- n about to go out. *gúlà ka- v [B14; b3] be in commotion. Nagkagúlà ang mga táwu tungud sa súnug, The people were in a commotion because of the fire. Gikagwáan sa mga bátà ang mga rigálu, The children were all excited about the presents. gulam a {1} small, esp. when compared to other things like it. Ang búla sa bisbul gulam kay sa búla sa supbul, The ball used for baseball is slightly smaller than the ball for softball. {2} young and small. Gulam pa ku paghalin ni Lúla, I was still small when Grandma died. v [B; a] become reduced in size. gulamgulam = gulam, 1. gulaman, guláman n {1} agar-agar, an edible gelatinous substance derived from seaweeds. {2} dessert prepared from this gelatin. v [A; a2] make guláman. gúlang a {1} old in age. Miritayir siya kay gúlang na, He retired because he’s old. Dalágang gúlang, Old maid. {2} mature. Tub-a ang ságing kay gúlang na, Cut the banana down because the fruits are mature. {3} for syrup to be thick enough or steel to be properly tempered. v {1} [B2] grow old. Mugúlang (magúlang) ka ug dalì ug hingári kag pangísug, You will grow old fast if you always get angry. — sa hiktanan grow old and still not be married. {2} [B23] for fruit to become mature. Wà makagúlang ang kakaw kay gibugtuk, The cacao fruits didn’t mature because they were infested with pests. {3} [B23(1); c1] for iron or sugar to come out with the requisite consistency or hardness. Dúgayng nakagúwang ang giítus námung asúkal, hidaghanan ra sigúru sa túbig, The sugar we were making into syrup took a long time to harden. It probably had too much water in it. Unsa kahay makagúwang (makapagúwang) ug dalì sa puthaw? What can we do to hasten the tempering of the steel? a-(→) n {1} title for an old man or woman. {2} old man or woman. Palikírung agulang, An elderly philanderer. ma-(→) n {1} elder brother, sister. {2} older than s.o. Magulang siya nákug dyis anyus, He is ten years older than me. {3} a little more than s.t. compared to. Ang ímung tíngug magulang lag diyútay sa hagawhaw, Your voice is just a little louder than a whisper. v [B2456] get to be a little older, more than. ka-un(→) n {1} age. {2} consistency of syrup, temper of steel. kama-an, kinama-an n {1} eldest among a given group. {2} first-born. {3} — nga buling the topmost layer of dirt in s.t. that is very dirty. Kuháa lang ang kinamagulángang buling sa hábul kay bug-at labhan, Just wash out the topmost layer of dirt in the blanket because it is hard to wash. -un(→) a elderly. ti- a old in age. Usa ka tigúwang, An old man (woman). n term used to refer to one’s parents when they are not young. Hustu ang ímung mga tigúlang sa pagdilì nímu sa paglangyaw, Your folks are right, forbidding you to go abroad. v [B12] grow old. Kining magkatigulang na ta, magkahanap ang átung panan-aw, As we grow old our vision gets dim. hini-(→) v [A] do s.t. in a way that old folks are wont to do. Día, naghinigulang mig tabì, Here we are, gossiping like a bunch of old folks. pakati- v [A13; a12] act, treat like an old man. pakati-(→) v [A13] stay s.w. till one’s old age. tuluti-(→) a older than anyone else in a group. Akuy uináhan dinhi sa upisína kay aku ra may tutiguwang dinhi, I’m considered a mother here in the office because I am the oldest among us here. kati-an n {1} old folks. Masukù ang mga katigulángan sa mudirnung paági, The old folks hate the new ways. {2} ancestors. kati-un(→) n one’s old age. Mau rag wà siyay katigulangun, She never seems to grow old. † gulasíman = ulasíman. *gúlat see gulpi. guldígir a gold digger, woman who goes out with men to get money from them. v [B16; b1] be, become a gold digger. guldin syáwir n small flowering tree: Cassia fistula. gulgul v [A; a1] cut s.t. with a blade using a back and forth motion. Gulgúla nang líug sa manuk, Slash the chicken’s throat now. gulgulánan n throat of animals or fowl. gulhab_1 = galhab. gulhab_2 n thundering, roaring in voice. Abut sa walug ang gulhab níyang tíngug, His thundering voice reaches the valley. gulhù v [A2; cP6] appear by coming out from, in back of, or inside s.t. Migúhù ang búwan luyu sa pangánud, The moon emerged from behind the clouds. gúli (from lígù) n bath (slang). Nanimáhù ka lang pan-us sa ímung pagkawalay gúli, You smell because you didn’t take a bath. v {1} [A; b6(1)] take a bath (slang). Hulata ku kay mugúli pa ku, Wait for me; I still have to take my bath. {2} [A; a] bathe s.o. (slang). gulímuk v [A] {1} wriggle, move incessantly in place, for many things to give the impression of moving about in place. Ámung gilantaw ang mga táwung naggulímuk sa plása, We looked at the people moving about in the plaza. {2} have a creeping, tingling sensation as if little bugs were crawling over one. Migulímuk ang ákung kaunúran, My flesh tingled. gúlis v [A; ab2] tear along the grain into long strips. Gigúlis níya ang bulad núkus, He tore the dried squid into long pieces. (→) v [A; ab2] make a long, slender scratch mark. Si Nína ang migulis sa ákung nawung, Nena was the one who scratched my face. a shredded into long strips, scratched. Gulis nga sinínà, A dress torn to shreds. n {1} long strip. {2} long, slender scratch. Dúnay gulis ang sámin, The mirror has a scratch on it. *gulíyang ka- n confusion of ideas, sounds, and motion. v {1} [B1456; b3] be in wild confusion. Hurimintádu ang gikaguliyángan sa mga táwu, The people were in a panic because of a man that ran amok. {2} be in great disorder, topsy-turvy. Nagkagulíyang lang ang balay kay way binatunan, The house is in a mess because there’s no maid. gulpi a {1} be done in great numbers at one time. Gulpi nang isdáa makúhà kay timputimpu man nà, That fish is caught in great quantity because it comes in seasonally. {2} be done in great force or intensity. Gulpi mangasábà ang ámung ámu, Our boss scolds us very harshly. Gulpi nga pagkaigù ang íyang suwang, His chin was hit very hard. v [A; ab2] {1} do s.t. in large quantity at one time. Ayaw gulpíha pagkúhà kay muángal ang tag-íya, Don’t take a lot because the owner won’t like it. {2} do s.t. with great intensity or force. Ayaw gulpíha pagbúnal ang bátà, Don’t beat the child severely. Nagulpihan ra nímu paghugut ang grípu, You closed the faucet too tight. — digúlat (not without l) a boastful, braggart (slang). v [B12] become boastful. gulub v [A; ab2] slice a piece or part of s.t. with a single motion. Siyay naggulub sa kúgun, She cut down the saw grass. Guluban tika sa inasal, I’ll slice a piece of the roast pig for you. n a piece or a part cut off of s.t. with a single motion. Duha ka dagkung gulub sa kík ang nahurut, They consumed two large slices of cake. pa- v [A; ab] have s.o. cut s.t. off. Magpagulub siya sa íyang buhuk, She will have her hair cut short. gulubgulub v [A; c1] mumble words unintelligibly, usually in dissatisfaction. Súkul gihápun nang maggulubgulub ug kasab-an, If you mumble when you are scolded, it is still an act of defiance. gulunggulung n baby’s rattle. gulut n {1} crease or long indentation in a surface. Gulut sa líug, A crease in the neck. {1a} a portion of bread broken off at an indentation in the crust. Usa ka gulut pán, A hunk of bread. {2} incision made in meat. {3} a piece, slice, or part of s.t. Usa ka gulut nga isdà, A slice of fish. v {1} [ABN; b5] get creases or become filled with folds. Migulut ang íyang tiyan sa katambuk, His stomach become creased with fat. {1a} become wrinkled. Nagulut ang íyang sinínà, Her dress got wrinkled. {2} [A; b5] make an incision in s.t. Kinsay migulut sa lamísa nga bag-ung pinintálan? Who made a cut on the newly painted table? Guluta (guluti) ang isdang asinun, Cut an incision into the fish to salt it. {3} [AB; ab5c1] slice into pieces. Naggulut ku sa karni nga lat-an, I was cutting the meat into pieces to stew it. a scarred, wrinkled. Gulut nga kapáyas, A scarred (wrinkled) papaya. gulwà v [A2; b6] go out, come out in a hesitant or forced manner. Dì mugulwà ang kágang ug náay táwu, The land crab won’t come out if there are people around. Dì makagulwà ang nánà sa hubag ug dì pislítun, The pus in the boil will not come out if you don’t squeeze it. gúma n {1} rubber. Punúan sa gúma, Rubber tree. {2} rubber tire. Hiyúsi ang gúma sa awtu, Deflate the tires of the car. {3} stuff, put in cloth to give weight. {4} = di-. v [A3] {1} = di-. {2} [A123P; b4] be filled with excitement or eagerness for s.t. Gumáhan ang mga bátà ug náay bag-ung sinínà, The children get filled with excitement over new clothes. Gigumáhan kaáyu siya pag-adtu sa parti, She was all excited about going to the party. gumagúma v [A3; b6] wear rubber shoes on an inappropriate occasion or place. Gumagumáhan lang nímu ang simbahan, You’re wearing tennis shoes to church. di- {1} of rubber. {2} rubber shoes. v [A3] wear rubber shoes. gumáhan n rubber plantation. gumáhun a for cloth to have s.t. mixed in it to give it weight. Panaptung gumáhun, Weighted cloth. gumbul v [A3; b3c] complain to express dissatisfaction over s.t. Gisúsi na kun unsay gigumbúlan sa miaklas, They investigated the strikers’ complaints. n complaint. -an(→) a fond of complaining. v [B] get to be a grumbler. gúmù v [A; a] clutch s.t. with the palm of one’s hand and squeeze. Gigúmù níya ang kwarta, He clasped the money tightly in his hand. Gumúun ku nang ímung simud kay tabian ka, I’ll squeeze your snout with my hand because you talk too much. {2} [A; a] crumple. Makagúmù kag sín? Can you crumple a sheet of galvanized iron with your hands? {3} hold on tight to money, keep it carefully. Himúa siyang tisuríra kay maáyung mugúmù ug kwarta, Make her the treasurer because she is very careful with money. a tight with money. (→) a crumpled, creased, rumpled. Gumù ang íyang gisul-ub, She was wearing a crumpled dress. gumudgumud v [A; b3c] grumbling under one’s breath. Dílì maáyung maggumudgumud kun kasab-an, It’s no good to mumble when you are scolded. gúmuk v [AB126; a12] tangle string, thread, etc. up. Ang bakasi mauy naggúmuk sa íyang pasul, The small black eel got itself entangled in his line. Magúmuk giyud nang alundris ug ímung padwáan sa bátà, That ball of sewing thread will surely get all tangled up if you let the child play with it. (→) a all tangled up. gúmun n ball of entangled fiber, hair, and the like. Ang bangag sa labábu nahut-ag gúmun sa buhuk, The spout in the wash basin got plugged up with a ball of hair. v {1} [A; a] make a ball of entangled fibers. {2} [B; c] get entangled in sin, intrigues, etc. Ang táwung naggúmun sa súgal, A man deeply hooked to gambling. Ang mga mulupyù nagúmun sa pulitikanhung intríga, The inhabitants are entangled in the political intrigues. Ayawg igúmun ang ímung kaugalíngun sa útang, Don’t let yourself get entangled in debts. gumunhap n difficult problem. Gumunhap sa kinabúhì, A difficult problem in life. gum-us a {1} wrinkled, crumpled. Gum-us ang sinínà, The shirt is wrinkled. {2} for hair to be disorderly, tangled. Gum-us ang íyang buhuk, She has tangled hair. {3} for a woman to be unchaste. v [A3P; a] {1} wrinkle, crumple. Ayawg gum-úsa ang papil, Don’t crumple the paper. {2} disarrange hair. {3} dishonor a woman by making love to her. Akuy mugum-us ánang istriktang dakù, I’ll deflower that professional virgin. n wrinkle in cloth, paper, and the like. gum-ut a {1} = gum-us, a 1. {2} sullen in expression. v {1} = gum-us, v