The Boston cooking-school cook book by Fannie Merritt Farmer

CHAPTER XXIII

4006 words  |  Chapter 38

HOT PUDDINGS Rice Pudding 4 cups milk ⅓ cup rice ½ teaspoon salt ⅓ cup sugar Grated rind ½ lemon Wash rice, mix ingredients, and pour into buttered pudding-dish; bake three hours in very slow oven, stirring three times during first hour of baking to prevent rice from settling. Poor Man’s Pudding 4 cups milk ½ cup rice ⅓ cup molasses ½ teaspoon salt ½ teaspoon cinnamon 1 tablespoon butter Wash rice, mix and bake same as Rice Pudding. At last stirring, add butter. Indian Pudding 5 cups scalded milk ⅓ cup Indian meal ½ cup molasses 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon ginger Pour milk slowly on meal, cook in double boiler twenty minutes, add molasses, salt, and ginger; pour into buttered pudding-dish and bake two hours in slow oven; serve with cream. If baked too rapidly it will not whey. Ginger may be omitted. Cerealine Pudding 4 cups scalded milk 2 cups cerealine ½ cup molasses 1½ teaspoons salt 1½ tablespoons butter Pour milk on cerealine, add remaining ingredients, pour into buttered pudding-dish, and bake one hour in slow oven. Serve with cream. Newton Tapioca 5 tablespoons pearl tapioca 4 cups scalded milk 4 tablespoons Indian meal ¾ cup molasses 3 tablespoons butter 1½ teaspoons salt 1 cup milk Soak tapioca two hours in cold water to cover. Pour scalded milk over Indian meal, molasses, butter, and salt. Cook in double boiler until mixture thickens. Add tapioca drained from water, turn into buttered pudding-dish, and pour over remaining milk, but do not stir. Bake one and one-fourth hours in a slow oven. Apple Tapioca ¾ cup pearl or Minute Tapioca Cold water 2½ cups boiling water ½ teaspoon salt 7 sour apples ½ cup sugar Soak tapioca one hour in cold water to cover, drain, add boiling water and salt; cook in double boiler until transparent. Core and pare apples, arrange in buttered pudding-dish, fill cavities with sugar, pour over tapioca, and bake in moderate oven until apples are soft. Serve with sugar and cream or Cream Sauce I. Minute Tapioca requires no soaking. Tapioca Custard Pudding 4 cups scalded milk ⅔ cup pearl tapioca 3 eggs ½ cup sugar 1 teaspoon salt 1 tablespoon butter Soak tapioca one hour in cold water to cover, drain, add to milk, and cook in double boiler thirty minutes; beat eggs slightly, add sugar and salt, pour on gradually hot mixture, turn into buttered pudding-dish, add butter, bake thirty minutes in slow oven. Peach Tapioca 1 can peaches ¼ cup powdered sugar 1 cup tapioca Boiling water ½ cup sugar ½ teaspoon salt Drain peaches, sprinkle with powdered sugar, and let stand one hour; soak tapioca one hour in cold water to cover; to peach syrup add enough boiling water to make three cups; heat to boiling-point, add tapioca drained from cold water, sugar, and salt; then cook in a double boiler until transparent. Line a mould or pudding-dish with peaches cut in quarters, fill with tapioca, and bake in moderate oven thirty minutes; cool slightly, turn on a dish, and serve with Cream Sauce I. Corn Pudding 2 cups popped corn, finely pounded 3 cups milk 3 eggs, slightly beaten ½ cup brown sugar 1 tablespoon butter ¾ teaspoon salt Scald milk, pour over corn, and let stand one hour. Add remaining ingredients, turn into a buttered dish, and bake in a slow oven until firm. Serve with cream, or maple syrup. Scalloped Apples 1 small baker’s stale loaf ¼ cup butter 1 quart sliced apples ¼ cup sugar ¼ teaspoon grated nutmeg Grated rind and juice of ½ lemon Cut loaf in halves, remove soft part, and crumb by rubbing through a colander; melt butter and stir in lightly with fork; cover bottom of buttered pudding-dish with crumbs and spread over one-half the apples, sprinkle with one-half sugar, nutmeg, lemon juice, and rind mixed together; repeat cover with remaining crumbs, and bake forty minutes in moderate oven. Cover at first to prevent crumbs browning too rapidly. Serve with sugar and cream. Bread Pudding 2 cups stale bread crumbs 1 quart scalded milk ⅓ cup sugar ¼ cup melted butter 2 eggs ½ teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon vanilla or ¼ teaspoon spice Soak bread crumbs in milk, set aside until cool; add sugar, butter, eggs slightly beaten, salt, and flavoring; bake one hour in buttered pudding-dish in slow oven; serve with Vanilla Sauce. In preparing bread crumbs for puddings avoid using outside crusts. With a coarse grater there need be but little waste. Cracker Custard Pudding Make same as Bread Pudding, using two-thirds cup cracker crumbs in place of bread crumbs; after baking, cover with meringue made of whites two eggs, one-fourth cup powdered sugar, and one tablespoon lemon juice; return to oven to cook meringue. Bread and Butter Pudding 1 small baker’s stale loaf Butter 3 eggs ½ cup sugar ¼ teaspoon salt 1 quart milk Remove end crusts from bread, cut loaf in one-half inch slices, spread each slice generously with butter; arrange in buttered pudding-dish, buttered side down. Beat eggs slightly, add sugar, salt, and milk; strain, and pour over bread; let stand thirty minutes. Bake one hour in slow oven, covering the first half-hour of baking. The top of pudding should be well browned. Serve with Hard or Creamy Sauce. Three-fourths cup raisins, parboiled in boiling water to cover and seeded, may be sprinkled between layers of bread. Bread and Butter Apple Pudding Cover bottom of a shallow baking-dish with apple sauce. Cut stale bread in one-third inch slices, spread with softened butter, remove crusts, and cut in triangular-shaped pieces; then arrange closely together over apple. Sprinkle generously with sugar, to which is added a few drops vanilla. Bake in a moderate oven and serve with cream. Chocolate Bread Pudding 2 cups stale bread crumbs 4 cups scalded milk 2 squares Baker’s chocolate ⅔ cup sugar 2 eggs ¼ teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon vanilla Soak bread in milk thirty minutes; melt chocolate in saucepan placed over hot water, add one-half sugar and enough milk taken from bread and milk to make of consistency to pour; add to mixture with remaining sugar, salt, vanilla, and eggs slightly beaten; turn into buttered pudding-dish and bake one hour in a moderate oven. Serve with Hard or Cream Sauce I. Mock Indian Pudding ½ small loaf baker’s entire wheat bread 3½ cups milk ½ cup molasses Butter Remove crusts from bread and cut into five slices of uniform thickness. Spread generously with butter, arrange in baking-dish, pour over three cups of milk and molasses. Bake from two to three hours in a very slow oven, stirring three times during the first hour of baking, then add remaining milk. Serve with cream or vanilla ice cream. Bangor Pudding 1⅓ cups cracker crumbs Boiling water 2 cups milk ⅓ cup molasses 1 egg 1 cup raisins Moisten cracker crumbs with boiling water, and let stand until cool. Add milk, molasses, egg slightly beaten, and raisins seeded and cut in pieces. Turn into a buttered pudding mould, and steam eight hours. Let stand in mould to cool. Serve cold with Cream Sauce II. Steamed Lemon Pudding 8 small slices stale bread Lemon mixture 1 cup milk 3 tablespoons sugar 2 eggs Grated rind 1 lemon ⅛ teaspoon salt Spread bread with lemon mixture, and arrange in buttered pudding mould. Beat eggs slightly, add sugar, salt, and milk; strain, add lemon rind, and pour mixture over bread. Cover, set in pan of hot water, and bake one hour. =Lemon Mixture.= Cook three tablespoons lemon juice, grated rind one lemon, and one-fourth cup butter two minutes. Add one cup sugar and three eggs slightly beaten; cook until mixture thickens, cool, and add one tablespoon brandy. Cottage Pudding ¼ cup butter ⅔ cup sugar 1 egg 1 cup milk 2¼ cups flour 4 teaspoons baking powder ½ teaspoon salt Cream the butter, add sugar gradually, and egg well beaten; mix and sift flour, baking powder, and salt; add alternately with milk to first mixture; turn into buttered cake pan; bake thirty-five minutes. Serve with Vanilla or Hard Sauce. Strawberry Cottage Pudding ⅓ cup butter 1 cup sugar 1 egg ½ cup milk 1¾ cups flour 3 teaspoons baking powder Mix same as Cottage Pudding, and bake twenty-five minutes in shallow pan; cut in squares and serve with strawberries (sprinkled with sugar and slightly mashed) and Cream Sauce I. _Sliced peaches_ may be used in place of strawberries. Orange Puffs ⅓ cup butter 1 cup sugar 2 eggs ½ cup milk 1¾ cups flour 3 teaspoons baking powder Mix same as Cottage Pudding, and bake in buttered individual tins. Serve with Orange Sauce. Chocolate Pudding ¼ cup butter 1 cup sugar Yolks 2 eggs ½ cup milk 1⅜ cups flour 3 teaspoons baking powder Whites 2 eggs 1⅓ squares Baker’s chocolate ⅛ teaspoon salt ¼ teaspoon vanilla Cream the butter, and add one-half the sugar gradually. Beat yolks of eggs until thick and lemon-colored, and add, gradually, remaining sugar. Combine mixtures, and add milk alternately with flour mixed and sifted with baking powder and salt; then add whites of eggs beaten until stiff, melted chocolate, and vanilla. Bake in an angel-cake pan, remove from pan, cool, fill the centre with whipped cream, sweetened and flavored, and pour around =Chocolate Sauce=. Boil one cup sugar, one-half cup water, and a few grains cream of tartar until of the consistency of a thin syrup. Melt one and one-half squares Baker’s chocolate and pour on gradually the hot syrup. Cool slightly, and flavor with one-fourth teaspoon vanilla. Custard Soufflé 3 tablespoons butter ¼ cup flour 1 cup scalded milk 4 eggs ¼ cup sugar Melt butter, add flour, and gradually hot milk; when well thickened, pour on to yolks of eggs beaten until thick and lemon-colored, and mixed with sugar; cool, and cut and fold in whites of eggs beaten stiff and dry. Turn into buttered pudding-dish, and bake from thirty to thirty-five minutes in slow oven; take from oven and serve at once,—if not served immediately it is sure to fall; serve with Creamy or Foamy Sauce. Apricot Soufflé Drain and reserve syrup from one can apricots and cut fruit into quarters, then put closely together on bottom of a buttered baking-dish. Pour over Custard Soufflé mixture. Bake from thirty-five to forty minutes in a slow oven. Serve with apricot syrup and whipped cream sweetened and flavored with vanilla or vanilla ice cream. Canned peaches may be used in place of apricots. Lemon Soufflé Yolks 4 eggs Grated rind and juice 1 lemon 1 cup sugar Whites 4 eggs Beat yolks until thick and lemon-colored, add sugar gradually and continue beating, then add lemon rind and juice. Cut and fold in whites of eggs beaten until dry; turn into buttered pudding-dish, set in pan of hot water, and bake thirty-five to forty minutes. Serve with or without sauce. Chocolate Soufflé 2 tablespoons butter 2 tablespoons flour ¾ cup milk 1½ squares Baker’s chocolate ⅓ cup sugar 2 tablespoons hot water 3 eggs ½ teaspoon vanilla Melt the butter, add flour, and pour on gradually, while stirring constantly, milk; cook until boiling-point is reached. Melt chocolate in a small saucepan placed over hot water, add sugar and water, and stir until smooth. Combine mixtures, and add yolks of eggs well beaten; cool. Fold in whites of eggs beaten stiff, and add vanilla. Turn into a buttered baking-dish, and bake in a moderate oven twenty-five minutes. Serve with Cream Sauce I. Mocha Soufflé 3 tablespoons butter 3 tablespoons bread flour ¾ cup boiled coffee (Mocha) ¼ cup cream ½ cup sugar ¼ teaspoon salt 4 eggs ½ teaspoon vanilla Make and bake same as Chocolate Soufflé. Serve with =Mocha Sauce.= Mix yolks two eggs, one-fourth cup sugar, and a few grains salt; then add gradually one-half cup Mocha coffee infusion. Cook in double boiler until mixture thickens, stirring constantly. Strain, cool, and fold in one cup whipped cream. Fruit Soufflé ¾ cup fruit pulp, peach, apricot, or quince Whites 3 eggs Sugar Few grains salt Rub fruit through sieve; if canned fruit is used, first drain from syrup. Heat, and sweeten if needed; beat whites of eggs until stiff, add gradually hot fruit pulp, and salt, and continue beating; turn into buttered and sugared individual moulds, having them three-fourths full; set moulds in pan of hot water and bake in slow oven until firm, which may be determined by pressing with finger; serve with Sabyon Sauce. Spanish Soufflé ¼ cup butter ½ cup stale bread crumbs 1 cup milk 2 tablespoons sugar 3 eggs ½ teaspoon vanilla Melt butter, add crumbs, cook until slightly browned, stirring often; add milk and sugar, cook twenty minutes in double boiler; remove from fire, add unbeaten yolks of eggs, then cut and fold in whites of eggs beaten until stiff, and flavor. Bake same as Fruit Soufflé. Chestnut Soufflé ¼ cup sugar 2 tablespoons flour 1 cup chestnut purée ½ cup milk Whites 3 eggs Mix sugar and flour, add chestnuts and milk gradually; cook five minutes, stirring constantly; beat whites of eggs until stiff, and cut and fold into mixture. Bake same as Fruit Soufflé; serve with Cream Sauce. Chocolate Rice Meringue 2 cups milk ¼ cup rice ⅓ teaspoon salt 1 tablespoon butter ⅓ cup sugar 1 square melted chocolate ½ teaspoon vanilla ½ cup seeded raisins Whites two eggs ½ cup heavy cream Scald milk, add rice and salt, and cook until rice is soft. Add butter, sugar, chocolate, vanilla, and raisins. Cut and fold in the whites of eggs, beaten until stiff, and cream, beaten until stiff. Pour into a buttered baking-dish, and bake fifteen minutes. Cover with a meringue made of the whites of three eggs, six tablespoons powdered sugar, and one-half teaspoon vanilla; then brown in a moderate oven. Steamed Apple Pudding 2 cups flour 4 teaspoons baking powder ½ teaspoon salt 2 tablespoons butter ¾ cup milk 4 apples cut in eighths Mix and sift dry ingredients; work in butter with tips of fingers, add milk gradually, mixing with a knife; toss on floured board, pat and roll out, place apples on middle of dough, and sprinkle with one tablespoon sugar mixed with one-fourth teaspoon each of salt and nutmeg; bring dough around apples and carefully lift into buttered mould or five-pound lard pail; or apples may be sprinkled over dough, and dough rolled like a jelly roll; cover closely, and steam one hour and twenty minutes; serve with Vanilla or Cold Sauce. Twice the number of apples may be sprinkled with sugar and cooked until soft in granite kettle placed on top of range, covered with dough, rolled size to fit in kettle, then kettle covered tightly, and dough steamed fifteen minutes. When turned on dish for serving, apples will be on top. Steamed Blueberry Pudding Mix and sift dry ingredients and work in butter same as for Steamed Apple Pudding. Add one cup each of milk, and blueberries rolled in flour; turn into buttered mould and steam one and one-half hours. Serve with Creamy Sauce. Steamed Cranberry Pudding ½ cup butter 1 cup sugar 3 eggs 3½ cups flour 1¼ tablespoons baking powder ½ cup milk 1½ cups cranberries Cream the butter, add sugar gradually, and eggs well beaten. Mix and sift flour and baking powder and add alternately with milk to first mixture, stir in berries, turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam three hours. Serve with thin cream, sweetened and flavored with nutmeg. Ginger Pudding ⅓ cup butter ½ cup sugar 1 egg 2¼ cups flour 3½ teaspoons baking powder ¼ teaspoon salt 2 teaspoons ginger 1 cup milk Cream the butter, add sugar gradually, and egg well beaten; mix and sift dry ingredients; add alternately with milk to first mixture. Turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam two hours; serve with Vanilla Sauce. Harvard Pudding ⅓ cup butter ½ cup sugar 2½ cups flour 3½ teaspoons baking powder ¼ teaspoon salt 1 egg 1 cup milk Mix and sift dry ingredients and work in butter with tips of fingers; beat egg, add milk, and combine mixtures; turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam two hours; serve with warm Apple Sauce and Hard Sauce. =Apple Sauce.= Pick over and wash dried apples, soak over night in cold water to cover; cook until soft; sweeten, and flavor with lemon juice. Steamed Chocolate Pudding 3 tablespoons butter ⅔ cup sugar 1 egg 1 cup milk 2¼ cups flour 4½ teaspoons baking powder 2½ squares Baker’s chocolate ¼ teaspoon salt Cream the butter, add sugar gradually, and egg well beaten. Mix and sift flour with baking powder and salt, and add alternately with milk to first mixture, then add chocolate, melted. Turn into a buttered mould. Cover, and steam two hours. Serve with Cream Sauce ¼ cup butter 1 cup powdered sugar ½ teaspoon vanilla ¼ cup heavy cream Cream the butter, add sugar gradually, vanilla, and cream beaten until stiff. Swiss Pudding ½ cup butter ⅞ cup flour 2 cups milk Grated rind one lemon 5 eggs ⅓ cup powdered sugar Cream the butter, add flour gradually; scald milk with lemon rind, add to first mixture, and cook five minutes in double boiler. Beat yolks of eggs until thick and lemon-colored, add sugar gradually, then add to cooked mixture; cool, and cut and fold in whites of eggs beaten stiff. Turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam one and one-fourth hours; while steaming, be sure water surrounds mould to half its depth, and never reaches a lower temperature than the boiling-point. Snowballs ½ cup butter 1 cup sugar ½ cup milk 2¼ cups flour 3½ teaspoons baking powder Whites 4 eggs Cream the butter, add sugar gradually, milk, and flour mixed and sifted with baking powder; then add the whites of eggs beaten stiff. Steam thirty-five minutes in buttered cups; serve with preserved fruit, quince marmalade, or strawberry sauce. Graham Pudding ¼ cup butter ½ cup molasses ½ cup milk 1 egg 1½ cups Graham flour ½ teaspoon soda 1 teaspoon salt 1 cup raisins, seeded and cut in pieces Melt butter, add molasses, milk, egg well beaten, dry ingredients mixed and sifted, and raisins; turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam two and one-half hours. Serve with Wine Sauce. Dates or figs cut in small pieces may be used in place of raisins. St. James Pudding 3 tablespoons butter ½ cup molasses ½ cup milk 1⅔ cups flour ½ teaspoon soda ────────┬───────────────────────────── Salt │¼ teaspoon each Clove │ Allspice│ Nutmeg │ ────────┴───────────────────────────── ½ lb. dates, stoned and cut in pieces Mix and steam same as Graham Pudding. Serve with Wine Sauce. A simple, delicious pudding without egg. Puddings may be steamed in buttered one-pound baking-powder boxes, providing they do not leak, and are attractive in shape and easy to serve. Suet Pudding 1 cup finely chopped suet 1 cup molasses 1 cup milk 3 cups flour 1 teaspoon soda 1½ teaspoons salt ──────┬─────────────────── Ginger│½ teaspoon each Clove │ Nutmeg│ ──────┴─────────────────── 1 teaspoon cinnamon Mix and sift dry ingredients. Add molasses and milk to suet; combine mixtures. Turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam three hours; serve with Sterling Sauce. Raisins and currants may be added. Thanksgiving Pudding I 4 cups scalded milk 1¼ cups rolled crackers 1 cup sugar 4 eggs ⅓ cup melted butter ½ grated nutmeg 1 teaspoon salt 1½ cups raisins Pour milk over crackers and let stand until cool; add sugar, eggs slightly beaten, nutmeg, salt, and butter; parboil raisins until soft, by cooking in boiling water to cover; seed, and add to mixture; turn into buttered pudding-dish and bake slowly two and one-half hours, stirring after first half-hour to prevent raisins from settling; serve with Brandy Sauce. Thanksgiving Pudding II ⅓ cup suet ½ lb. figs, finely chopped 2½ cups stale bread crumbs ¾ cup milk 1 cup brown sugar 1 teaspoon salt ¾ teaspoon cinnamon ½ teaspoon grated nutmeg ½ cup English walnut meats ½ cup raisins, seeded and cut in pieces 2 tablespoons flour 4 eggs 2 teaspoons baking powder Chop suet and work with the hand until creamy, then add figs. Soak bread crumbs in milk, add eggs well beaten, sugar, salt, and spices. Combine mixtures, add nut meats and raisins dredged with flour. Sprinkle over baking powder and beat thoroughly. Turn into a buttered mould, steam three hours, and serve with Yellow Sauce II (see p. 407), flavored with brandy. Hunters’ Pudding 1 cup finely chopped suet 1 cup molasses 1 cup milk 3 cups flour 1 teaspoon soda 1½ teaspoons salt ────────┬───────────────── Clove │½ teaspoon each Mace │ Allspice│ ────────┴───────────────── 1 teaspoon cinnamon 1½ cups raisins 2 tablespoons flour Mix same as Suet Pudding. Stone, cut, and flour raisins, and add to mixture. Then steam. French Fruit Pudding 1 cup finely chopped suet 1 cup molasses 1 cup sour milk 1½ teaspoons soda 1 teaspoon cinnamon ½ teaspoon clove ½ teaspoon salt 1¼ cups raisins, seeded and chopped ¾ cup currants 2¾ cups flour _Mrs. Carrie M. Dearborn_ Add molasses and sour milk to suet; add two cups flour mixed and sifted with soda, salt, and spices; add fruit mixed with remaining flour. Turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam four hours. Serve with Sterling Sauce. Fig Pudding I ⅓ lb. beef suet ½ lb. figs, finely chopped 2⅓ cups stale bread crumbs ½ cup milk 2 eggs 1 cup sugar ¾ teaspoon salt Chop suet, and work with the hands until creamy, then add figs. Soak bread crumbs in milk, add eggs well beaten, sugar, and salt. Combine mixtures, turn into a buttered mould, steam three hours. Serve with Yellow Sauce I or II. Fig Pudding II ¼ lb. suet ½ lb. figs (finely chopped) 1 large sour apple (cored, pared, and chopped) ¼ lb. brown sugar ¼ lb. bread crumbs ¼ cup milk 2 eggs 3 oz. flour Cream the suet, and add figs, apple, and sugar. Pour milk over bread crumbs, and add yolks of eggs, well beaten; combine mixtures, add flour and whites of eggs beaten until stiff. Turn into buttered pudding mould, and steam four hours. Serve with Lemon Sauce III. English Plum Pudding I ½ lb. stale bread crumbs 1 cup scalded milk ¼ lb. sugar 4 eggs ½ lb. raisins, seeded, cut in pieces, and floured ¼ lb. currants ¼ lb. finely chopped figs 2 oz. finely cut citron ½ lb. suet ¼ cup wine and brandy mixed ½ teaspoon grated nutmeg ¾ teaspoon cinnamon ⅓ teaspoon clove ⅓ teaspoon mace 1½ teaspoons salt Soak bread crumbs in milk, let stand until cool, add sugar, beaten yolks of eggs, raisins, currants, figs, and citron; chop suet, and cream by using the hand; combine mixtures, then add wine, brandy, nutmeg, cinnamon, clove, mace, and whites of eggs beaten stiff. Turn into buttered mould, cover, and steam six hours. English Plum Pudding II 6 ozs. flour 6 ozs. stale bread crumbs ¾ lb. raisins, seeded and cut in pieces ¾ lb. currants ¾ lb. suet, finely chopped 10 ozs. sugar 1 cup molasses 3 ozs. candied orange peel, finely cut 1 teaspoon grated nutmeg 1 teaspoon mace 6 eggs, well beaten 2 teaspoons salt Mix ingredients in order given, turn into a thickly floured square of unbleached cotton cloth. Tie securely, leaving some space to allow the pudding to swell, and plunge into a kettle of boiling water. Cook five hours, allowing pudding to be immersed in water during the entire cooking. Serve with Hard and Liquid Sauce. =Hard Sauce.= Cream one-third cup butter; add gradually one cup brown sugar and two tablespoons brandy, drop by drop. Force through a pastry bag with rose tube, and garnish with green leaves and candied cherries. =Liquid Sauce.= Mix one-half cup sugar, one-half tablespoon corn-starch, and a few grains salt. Add gradually, while stirring constantly, one cup boiling water, and boil five minutes. Remove from fire, add one tablespoon lemon juice and two tablespoons brandy; then color with fruit red.

Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. CHAPTER I 3. 1. Proteid (nitrogenous or albuminous) 4. 3. Fats and oils 5. 2. Water 6. CHAPTER II 7. 2. Use same test for uncooked mixtures, allowing one minute for bread to 8. 1. =By Freezing.= Foods which spoil readily are frozen for 9. 2. =By Refrigeration.= Foods so preserved are kept in cold storage. The 10. 3. =By Canning.= Which is preserving in air-tight glass jars, or tin 11. 5. =By Exclusion of Air.= Foods are preserved by exclusion of air in 12. 6. =By Drying.= Drying consists in evaporation of nearly all moisture, 13. 7. =By Evaporation.= There are examples where considerable moisture 14. 8. =By Salting.= There are two kinds of salting,—dry, and corning or 15. 9. =By Smoking.= Some foods, after being salted, are hung in a closed 16. 10. =By Pickling.= Vinegar, to which salt is added, and sometimes sugar 17. 12. =By Antiseptics.= The least wholesome way is by the use of 18. CHAPTER III 19. CHAPTER IV 20. CHAPTER V 21. CHAPTER VI 22. CHAPTER VII 23. CHAPTER VIII 24. CHAPTER IX 25. CHAPTER X 26. CHAPTER XI 27. CHAPTER XII 28. CHAPTER XIII 29. CHAPTER XIV 30. CHAPTER XV 31. CHAPTER XVI 32. CHAPTER XVII 33. CHAPTER XVIII 34. CHAPTER XIX 35. CHAPTER XX 36. CHAPTER XXI 37. CHAPTER XXII 38. CHAPTER XXIII 39. CHAPTER XXIV 40. CHAPTER XXV 41. CHAPTER XXVI 42. CHAPTER XXVII 43. CHAPTER XXVIII 44. CHAPTER XXIX 45. CHAPTER XXX 46. CHAPTER XXXI 47. CHAPTER XXXII 48. CHAPTER XXXIII 49. CHAPTER XXXIV 50. CHAPTER XXXV 51. CHAPTER XXXVI 52. 1. Pick over strawberries, place in colander, pour over cold water, 53. 2. Pick over selected strawberries, place in colander, pour over cold 54. 1. Wipe orange and cut in halves crosswise. Place one-half on a fruit 55. 2. Peel an orange and remove as much of the white portion as possible. 56. 3. Remove peel from an orange in such a way that there remains a 57. CHAPTER XXXVII 58. CHAPTER XXXVIII 59. 7. Superscripts are denoted by a caret before a single superscript 60. 8. Subscripts are denoted by an underscore before a series of

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