Travels in Peru and India by Sir Clements R. Markham

Chapter 1

347 words  |  Chapter 1

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Travels in Peru and India This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Travels in Peru and India Author: Sir Clements R. Markham Release date: September 21, 2017 [eBook #55593] Most recently updated: October 23, 2024 Language: English Other information and formats: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55593 Credits: Produced by Josep Cols Canals, Alan and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TRAVELS IN PERU AND INDIA *** TRAVELS IN PERU AND INDIA. [Illustration: HINCHONA-PLANTS AT OOTACAMUND, In August 1881 (from a Photograph). A flowering branch of Chinchona in the foreground. FRONTISPIECE. Page 487] TRAVELS IN PERU AND INDIA WHILE SUPERINTENDING THE COLLECTION OF CHINCHONA PLANTS AND SEEDS IN SOUTH AMERICA, AND THEIR INTRODUCTION INTO INDIA. BY CLEMENTS R. MARKHAM, F.S.A., F.R.G.S., CORR. MEM. OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHILE; AUTHOR OF 'CUZCO AND LIMA.' WITH MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS. LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET. 1862. _The right of Translation is reserved._ LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, AND CHARING CROSS. PREFACE. [Illustration] THE introduction of quinine-yielding Chinchona-trees into India, and the cultivation of the "Peruvian Bark" in our Eastern possessions, where that inestimable febrifuge is almost a necessary of life, has for some years engaged the attention of the Indian Government. In 1859 the author of the present work was intrusted, by the Secretary of State for India in Council, with the duty of superintending all the necessary arrangements for the collection of Chinchona-plants and seeds of the species esteemed in commerce, in South America, and for their

Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. introduction into India. This important measure has now been crowned 3. CHAPTER I. 4. CHAPTER II. 5. CHAPTER III. 6. INTRODUCTION OF CHINCHONA-PLANTS INTO INDIA. 7. CHAPTER V. 8. CHAPTER VI. 9. CHAPTER VII. 10. CHAPTER VIII. 11. CHAPTER IX. 12. CHAPTER X. 13. CHAPTER XI. 14. CHAPTER XII. 15. CHAPTER XIII. 16. CHAPTER XIV. 17. CHAPTER XV. 18. CHAPTER XVI. 19. CHAPTER XVII. 20. CHAPTER XVIII. 21. CHAPTER XIX. 22. CHAPTER XX. 23. CHAPTER XXI. 24. CHAPTER XXII. 25. CHAPTER XXIII. 26. CHAPTER XXIV. 27. CHAPTER XXV. 28. CHAPTER XXVI. 29. CHAPTER XXVII. 30. CHAPTER XXVIII. 31. CHAPTER XXIX. 32. CHAPTER I. 33. CHAPTER II. 34. CHAPTER III. 35. INTRODUCTION OF CHINCHONA-PLANTS INTO INDIA. 36. introduction into India of a plant the inestimable value of which had 37. CHAPTER V. 38. CHAPTER VI. 39. CHAPTER VII. 40. CHAPTER VIII. 41. CHAPTER IX. 42. 1780. The Inca, on pretence that some person had arrived at his house 43. CHAPTER X. 44. CHAPTER XI. 45. 1771. He must have been possessed of enormous wealth, to have enabled 46. CHAPTER XII. 47. CHAPTER XIII. 48. CHAPTER XIV. 49. CHAPTER XV. 50. CHAPTER XVI. 51. CHAPTER XVII. 52. CHAPTER XVIII. 53. CHAPTER XIX. 54. CHAPTER XX. 55. CHAPTER XXI. 56. CHAPTER XXII. 57. CHAPTER XXIII. 58. 1860. in 7 months, 59. CHAPTER XXIV. 60. CHAPTER XXV. 61. CHAPTER XXVI. 62. CHAPTER XXVII. 63. CHAPTER XXVIII. 64. 1861. In exchange for these plants a supply of _C. succirubræ_, and a 65. CHAPTER XXIX. 66. 1857. | | | | | 67. 1820. Died at St. John's, New Brunswick. 68. 19. C. HIRSUTA (_Ruiz and Pavon_) N. Peru. 69. 6. _C. magnifolia_ {( " _flor de Azahar_). 70. 7. _C. glandulifera_ ( " _negrilla_). 71. 1815. (1 tom. 4°, 112 paginas). 72. 441. A very illegible manuscript in the national library at Madrid. 73. 1850. Bustamante says that, at the time of his visit, there were a 74. 2. Mr. Spruce's _Report to the Under Secretary of State for India_, 75. 3. _Report of the Expedition to procure Plants and Seeds of the 76. 1. Very characteristic specimens of the bark, leaves, flowers, and 77. 2. Bark, leaves, and flowers of _C. crispa_, Tafalla, a kind which is 78. 3. Bark and leaves of _C. Lucumæfolia_ of Pavon, from Zamora. This 79. 1847. Also, Caldwell's _Comparative Dravidian Grammar_. The German 80. 1. _Memoir of the Varagherry Hills_, by Capt. B. S. Ward, _Madras 81. 2. _Observations on the Pulney Mountains_, by Dr. Wight, _Madras 82. 3. _Report on the Pulneys_, by Lieut. R. H. Beddome, _Madras Journal_, 83. 4. Sir Charles Trevelyan's _Official Tour in the South of India_. 84. 1. _Setaria Italica_, called _tennay_ in Tamil, and _samee_ by the 85. 2. _Panicum Miliaceum_, called _varagoo_ on the Pulney hills, and 86. 3. _Panicum pilosum_, or _badlee_, will grow in the worst soil, but is 87. 4. _Cynosurus corocanus_, or _ragee_, is a very prolific grain, and 88. 5. _Holcus spicatus_, or spiked millet, called _cumboo_ in Madras, and 89. 6. _Sorghum vulgare_, or great millet, called _cholum_ in Madras, and 90. 7. _Sesamum Indicum_, or gingelee oil-plant, called _till_ in the 91. 1. _Cicer arietinum_, or Bengal gram, the seeds of which are eaten, and 92. 2. _Dolichos unifloris_, or horse gram, with grey seeds, used for 93. 3. _Dolichos sinensis_, or _lobia_, a twining annual, with large pale 94. 4. _Cajanus Indicus_, pigeon-pea, or _toor_. A shrub three to six feet 95. 5. _Phaseolus mungo_, black gram, or _moong_. A nearly erect, hairy 96. 6. _Phaseolus rostratus_, or _hullounda_, a twining plant, with large, 97. 8. _Lablab cultratus_, a twining plant, with white, red, or purple 98. 9. _Dolichos lablab_, or _bulla_, a twining plant of which there are 99. 10. _Botanical Descriptions of Species of Chinchonæ now growing in 100. 1854. On the 31st of December, 1860, they had of

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