15. The limit of entries of 60, and the highest and lowest scores in the

series each receives a fob. Sixty entries at 5 cents each is $3.00, and as the cost of the fobs do not exceed 25 cents each, the profit is $2.50. After settling with the clerk who keeps the tally and the middleman who placed the outfit, the originator of the plan realizes at least $1.50 on each transaction, and his profits are limited only by the number of games played. PLAN No. 87. STARTED SHORTHAND SCHOOL A man who was state agent for a concern that failed, was left without money, and there were no positions open for him. In earlier life he had been a stenographer, while his wife had taught school for a number of years before their marriage. As a traveling man he had noted the incompetency of many stenographers, especially their ignorance of business principles, and often commented on this to his wife. In their dilemma, the wife suggested the establishment of a shorthand and business school combined, but they had no capital as a basis upon which to begin operations. The husband still had the small office he had used as state agent, in which were two desks, a few tables, chairs, etc., and the wife suggested that these could be used to begin with in a small way. She at once began taking shorthand lessons from her husband, took up typewriting at which she made rapid progress. They secured two or three students by personal solicitation, and the wife began teaching them shorthand and typewriting, though she was only one lesson ahead of them, a fact of which the students remained blissfully ignorant. The husband took charge of the practical business course of instruction, and the pupils made rapid progress, for they were being taught along right lines. In the meantime, the wife did her own housework, took care of the children, sewed, cooked, and performed all the household duties, while looking after the progress of her pupils, attending to her husband’s correspondence, etc. By using practical methods of instruction, they turned out very competent classes, and soon found it necessary to increase their facilities by moving to larger quarters and adding to their equipment, besides hiring additional teachers in the various departments. Today they have a prosperous business and shorthand school. PLAN No. 88. OPENING A MENDING SHOP A young woman in an eastern city, being in poor health and having an invalid mother to support, decided to open a shop for mending and fine sewing, as she was very skillful in the use of the needle. She rented a small ground floor apartment in a good location, and put out a neat sign announcing the opening of a “Mending and Darning Shop. Fine sewing of all kinds.” She made a specialty of fine damask, hemming table cloths and napkins and darning old ones, and did her work so neatly that her services soon became in great demand among the housewives of the community. She distributed her business cards throughout the neighborhood, and these brought her in a great many orders. Finally a large department store offered to add a mending and darning department to its activities, and place her in charge at a good salary. She accepted the offer, and has made such a success that she is now the head of this department, with several girls doing the greater part of the work under her personal direction. Just a little plan of her own, but it brought her independence. PLAN No. 89. HOME WALL-PAPER AGENCY A California man who had formerly been in the wall-paper business and found himself entirely wiped out by a fire, decided to make another start by using his home as the basis of operations for supplying his patrons with wall paper at very much less than the usual prices, the profit in that community being sufficiently large to permit great reductions in even the best grades. A large manufacturer gladly sent him a book of samples of all kinds of wall paper, and with this he visited hundreds of homes, where he exhibited the various styles. The prices he named were far below those of the down-town stores, as he had no rent or clerk to pay. He took a surprisingly large number of orders, and realized a handsome profit on each sale. Many of his customers felt they could put on the paper themselves, but in those cases where he did this work for them, he charged a fair price, and soon found he had all the work he could possibly do. As his patronage increased, he found it necessary to employ a young man to do the papering in those cases where it was required, while his entire time was devoted to the taking of orders. He had excellent taste in the matter of harmonious decorations, and made many sales through showing the housewives the artistic effects that could be produced by selecting the design best adapted to the furnishings of the home. At the end of the first year, he found his profits were much greater than those of any year he had conducted his store, and this without the investment of a single dollar. PLAN No. 90. CATERING FOR LODGE PEOPLE A young woman living in a town of a few thousand inhabitants, where there were many fraternal societies, all having large memberships, found she had an opportunity to make a good income by catering to these societies. She was not only a very skillful cook, but had excellent taste in the preparation and arrangement of repasts, and at the same time possessed an exceptionally pleasing personality. She distributed among the officers and members of all the lodges in her town a number of handsomely designed and printed cards announcing she was prepared to serve light luncheons for their social meetings, at a certain price per plate, and would assume full charge of the entire entertainment. Her first engagement was for a large gathering of lodge people, on the occasion of a visit from one of the supreme officers of the order, and so well did she carry out the elaborate program, and so exquisite was the luncheon and its service, that this gave her a good reputation for this work. After that no social affair of the fraternalists was considered without first engaging her to take charge, and the income she derived from this source made her a good living each year. PLAN No. 91. GROWING MUSHROOMS If you have a cellar that is not in use, you have the foundation for a good living in the growing of mushrooms. Dig up the space you desire to use for this purpose, digging it deep, and pulverize the earth thoroughly. Then add a quantity of fine, black dirt, rich in phosphates, with a liberal amount of some good fertilizer. Then water the prepared bed thoroughly, and put in the spawn, which you can buy very cheaply almost anywhere. Your mushrooms, when well started, will produce a crop every month, but from September to May is the season when they bring the highest prices, ranging from 75 cents to $1.50 per pound, at hotels, cafes, etc. Give them considerable attention, especially at first, keeping them well watered and giving them plenty of air, but not too much light, and keep the temperature at from 60 to 70 degrees the entire time. One person we know of, from a bed of 4 feet long by 3 feet wide, and three bricks of spawn, eight weeks after starting, produced two and one-half pounds of mushrooms every two days, or about nine pounds a week. At an average price of $1.00 per pound, this brought an addition of $9.00 a week to his regular income, and required but a few hours of his spare time in the growth of the product. By doubling his space, he could have doubled his profits from this source, and $18 a week from a “side line” is a sum not to be despised, especially when it involves so little labor and time, requires no capital and carries with it no risk of any kind. PLAN No. 92. BASKET MAKING Basket making is one of these simple, easily-learned, easily-operated and profitable occupations, so well adapted to women, that it is a wonder more of them do not engage in it. The country women at Aitken, S. C., make thousands of pretty and useful baskets from pine needles, and sell them at good prices. A lady who was visiting there learned the art of making these baskets, and later her sister moved out west, where she learned how the Indians made the baskets for which they are so famous. Some of the materials used, including certain kinds of grasses, she sent back to her sister at home, and these were made into baskets of various pretty patterns, which sold readily, at good prices, to florists and others. In fact, her basket-making business grew into such proportions that she was obliged to employ a number of girls to assist her in turning them out as fast as they could be sold. The beauty of it is that her expenses are next to nothing, as her home is her factory, the material is not expensive, no advertising or printing of literature is necessary, and the proceeds of the output, aside from the wages of the girls, are practically all profit. As this lady lives in a city, she also derives a very neat income from teaching the basket-making art to other women, and these in turn, make a good living from their work, without glutting the market, for as long as florists have calls for flowers, they need these pretty baskets to put them in--and that means an additional profit on the flowers. PLAN No. 93. POTATO CHIPS AND DOUGHNUTS With a husband who was sick and without money, a new England woman, living in a small city, found it incumbent upon herself to do some planning to supply the family with food. Having an intimate knowledge and special aptitude for making exceptionally fine potato chips and doughnuts, she decided that if she could once succeed in getting people to try her products she would be assured of a ready sale for them, and immediately went to work to prepare a small quantity of each, put up in her own style. Packing them neatly in a clean, new basket, she called at a number of well-to-do homes and asked the lady of the house to try a sample order. Nearly all these ladies were willing to do so, and were so greatly delighted with the superior manner in which they were made that upon her next call she was given a large number of orders to supply families regularly with what they regarded as positive delicacies. In nine weeks she had made a net profit of $80 on her potato chips and $90 on her doughnuts, and from that time on she was so busy filling orders that she was obliged to employ a boy with a bicycle to make her deliveries. There are thousands of other women who can do just what this woman did, and rise from a condition of actual want to one of plenty, and without asking favors of anyone. If they will make it a matter of strict business, they may succeed as she did. [Illustration: Plan No. 94. A Happy Group] PLAN No. 94. POULTRY RAISING FOR A BOY As a means of educating a boy regarding business principles, and teaching him practical ways of making money, nothing is better than the raising of poultry in a small way, but according to correct methods. A man in Ogden, Utah, gave his 10-year-old boy $5.00 and told him to invest it in whatever enterprise best suited him, and what promised the best returns upon the investment. The boy, who was healthy, energetic and enthusiastic, bought a young rooster and two pullets, all pure-bred fowls, and turned them into the back yard of his home. During February, the two pullets laid twenty-nine eggs, which he put into an incubator, and on March 22nd, he had twenty lively young chicks. He kept these until August, taking the best of care of them, when he sold four pullets for $1.50 each, and four roosters at $2.00 each, making him already $9.00 ahead of his original investment, with five pullets and three cockerels left, besides the three he started with. His first two pullets laid thirty-two eggs in March, and these he sold for hatching purposes, at 15 cents each. In the next month he got only twenty-three more eggs, as one of the pullets had become broody, and those that were laid in April and May he put under scrub hens for hatching, while his two blooded pullets were kept laying. The boy was learning, and his father was giving him valuable advice in business methods. On December 1st, the boy figured up the results of the season’s operations, and found that his expenses had been $30.73, of which $19.25 was for feed, and that his cash receipts and stock of chickens on hand amounted to $141.15, so that he had made a net profit of $110.42 on an investment of $5.00 a few months before. And where is the boy, if he is of the right sort, and tries, who cannot equal this record? PLAN No. 95. WATCH INSURANCE You may think you have heard of all kinds of insurance, but have you ever heard of watch insurance? This Pittsburgh man never had, but he figured out a plan of insuring watches against breakage, loss or theft, and thought it out with such perfect precision and detail, that he soon had a profitable and permanent business of his own. In the policy he issues he agrees that in case the watch insured is broken, he makes complete repairs by sending it to some jeweler, to be selected by the assured, upon receipt of a full statement of the nature and extent of the breakage, and to pay all the costs of such repairs. In case of the loss of the watch, he is to pay the assured, or owner of the watch, one-half its value, as stated in the policy if the watch is not found again, and the same amount if the watch is stolen and not recovered. The policy holder is required in all cases to send full details concerning the breakage, loss or theft of the watch, and if upon investigation it appears that the watch is not, or cannot be found or recovered, he sends his check for one-half of its value as above stated. His charges for insuring watches vary from $1.00 to $5.00 per year, according to the value of the watch, the greater the value the higher the premium; and, being a man of good standing in his community, he finds most people willing to pay the small amount required to guard them against the damage, loss or theft of their favorite timepieces. He has made it a good-paying business, and many others can follow the same plan with profit. PLAN No. 96. COLLECTING OLD WITNESS FEES In the office of clerks of the court in the United States are thousands of dollars in unclaimed witness fees, and this offers an opportunity for thousands of men all over the country to collect them for the parties on a large percentage basis----say, one-half the amounts collected. A man living in a county seat in a western state made a small fortune in this manner, because he hit upon the right plan. All public records are open to the inspection of any person, and his method was to make a thorough examination of these records and obtain a list of all witness fees paid in but not called for by the parties, who had probably forgotten all about them, or, after calling for them several times, found the records were not completed, so that their witness fees could not be paid. He noted the title of each case, the date of the trial, the name and address of the witnesses, the number of days of attendance and the amount of the fees due him. Then he would call upon or write to the former witnesses, stating that a certain amount was due him, which he had failed or forgotten to call for, and that he would collect the same on a 50 per cent basis, as he was in a position to make the collection. He enclosed, or handed to the party if seen personally, an order on the court clerk as follows: “You are hereby authorized to pay to (collector’s name here) the sum of ------ dollars and ------ cents, the same being due me as witness for ------ days attendance in the case of ---------- vs. ----------” with blank for signature of the witness. His letter bore the names of several well known men in his town as references, and in most cases the paper came back duly signed, the money was collected, one-half sent to the former witness, and the balance belonged to the man who thought out the plan. PLAN No. 97. DOUBLING THE BUSINESS OF HOTELS A young man who owned a small printing office, had a reputation for the skillful and artistic manner in which he did the work that came to him, dropped into a hotel that ran a café in connection, and said to the proprietor: “Would you like to have me double your business for you, at but very little cost?” “I certainly would,” replied the hotel man, “and if you can do that you are the very man I am looking for.” “All right,” said the printer, “I am ready to show you.” He went into the café, secured the menu for the various meals of the following day, together with the general or short-order menu, and hurried back to his printing office. There he proceeded to work out an attractive design in border and type effects that would draw attention anywhere, and took them to the hotel, where he submitted them to the proprietor. The hotel man was delighted with the artistic appearance of the cards, and suggested that they be taken into the café at once. “No,” said the printer, “only enough of these to be placed at each table are to go into the café. The others are to be put up in the guest rooms, one of each to every room in the house, and see how it works.” The proprietor had never thought of that, but realized at once the value of the plan, and right there gave the printer a standing order to print all the menu cards the house could use in the manner suggested, willingly paying a good round sum for the service. The young man extended the plan to the other hotels of the town, and was soon the busiest printer in the town, for it really doubled the business of each house. PLAN No. 98. A CHURCH PAPER That churches, as well as commercial and other enterprises, could derive great benefits from the publication of a weekly paper devoted to the interests of all the churches in a community, was the firm conviction of a young man living in a western city, and having had considerable newspaper experience, he concluded to try it and see if it would prove a success. He attended a meeting of the ministerial association and submitted the plan to them. Every one of the ministers, representing all the various denominations, at once became very much interested in the proposition, and each promised it his hearty endorsement and support. Each pastor in the city agreed to furnish the news, as well as the various announcements of his particular church each week, so there was comparatively little in the way of editorial work for the young man to do. Having made arrangements to have the paper printed in an attractive form, on a good quality of paper, the young publisher called upon a large number of business men, particularly those belonging to the various churches of the city, and soon had enough subscriptions and advertisements to more than pay the cost of printing the paper. The Y. M. C. A., the Y. W. C. A., the W. C. T. U., and other religious organizations, all contributed to its columns and helped to increase its circulation, while pictures of the churches and portraits of the pastors and leaders in religious work gave it a most attractive appearance. [Illustration: Plan No. 99. Now I have a Cow--Everybody Bids Me Good Morrow] PLAN No. 99. PHOTOGRAPHING ANIMALS FOR SALE Next to having a prospective purchaser come to your place to see any animal you may have for sale, the best means of giving him a good idea of it is to take a good photograph of the animal, properly posed, and send it to him by mail, or use it in advertising. A farmer’s wife, who had bought a camera for pleasure, soon learned to adapt it to business purposes and made many sales of valuable animals through this means alone. This lady had three pure-bred collie dogs, from which she sold about $400 worth of puppies every year, and she found that a majority of those sales were made to persons to whom she had sent photographs which she made easily and cheaply with her camera. She knew the secret of having an animal correctly posed in order to show it to best advantage in a picture, and knew exactly how best to attract its attention at the critical moment of opening and closing the shutter. The result was that the fine points of the animal were made very prominent. Her husband was so impressed with the results of her skill in this respect that he asked her to take the pictures of some pure-bred Berkshire hogs he had for sale, and readily disposed of them by this means. Horses and cows were also photographed with equal success, while many of the best animal photos were sent to agricultural papers, and were in most cases accepted at good prices. The use of the camera in this way not only paid its first cost many times over, but brought in a good revenue each year, besides the pleasure it afforded the family when used for other purposes. MONEY-MAKING PLANS FOR WOMEN A lady living in a small western town was the mother of two boys to whom she wished to give a good start in life. She had very little money, but many original yet practical ideas, and from these she formulated some excellent plans for earning the money she needed for her boys and herself. One after another she adopted a number of good plans, made a success of them, and was thus enabled to bring up her boys in the manner she desired. Her plans are here given in separate detail, and it should be noted that each and every one of these plans could be used with great profit by any other woman who wishes to use either one or all of them, as she chooses. PLAN No. 100. HOME-MADE STICK CANDY Well knowing the predilection of most people for sweet things, her first efforts were directed toward making and selling a very superior grade of stick candy, according to the following formula: Over a hot fire place a kettle containing a quart of water, ten pounds of white sugar and one teaspoonful cream tartar. Let it boil until it will snap, then put it into cold water and pour out on marble slab or tin cooler, well greased. As it cools, turn outer edge to center, and when cool enough to handle, pull it until it is white as snow. Leave a small piece unpulled, and color this red by adding a few drops of cochineal. Now roll your batch of candy into a ball, pull the red candy into a long strip, cut in three or four pieces, lay them on top of the white and roll it out, commencing at one end, pulling and rolling it at the same time, which throws the stripes in a twist around the stick. Keep rolling until hard enough to prevent sticks from flattening out, then tap the sticks lightly with the edge of a knife, and break them into any lengths desired. In making this, as in all her products, she used only the purest ingredients, so that the candy was perfectly safe for children, and she sold great quantities of it, because it was “so good.” PLAN No. 101. HOME-MADE TAFFY CANDY This taffy candy, which proved an excellent seller, yielding large profits, she made as follows: White sugar, 10 pounds; water, 3 pints; cream tartar, one teaspoonful, and when nearly cooked add one-fourth pound of butter. Add any kind of flavor preferred, by pouring it on while rolling. This candy should be cooked to the snapping point, but do not stir while cooking, or the sugar will granulate. PLAN No. 102. HOME-MADE MAPLE CREAM CANDY This was one of her most popular products, and was made as follows: white sugar, 5 pounds; best maple syrup, one pint; water, one pint; butter, 1 tablespoonful; cream tartar, ¹⁄₄ teaspoonful. Cook same as in making above described taffy candy, and put in one teaspoonful extract of vanilla while pulling. PLAN No. 103. HOME-MADE PEANUT CRISP This was also a great favorite with the children, and she sold a great deal of it, as well as her other candies, by visiting the different schools during the noon hour or at recess, on certain days of each week. The peanut crisp she made as follows: White sugar, 5 pounds; water, 1¹⁄₂ pints; cream tartar, one-half teaspoonful. When nearly cooked, add one pound parched, hulled peanuts and one tablespoonful soda. Cook until it will snap. She employed many ways of selling the above and other specialties. She took pains to learn of approaching anniversaries, such as birthday, wedding, etc., and a few days preceding the event she would send an attractive letter of congratulation, incidentally suggesting a box of her home-made candies for the occasion. This made many sales. PLAN No. 104. EXTRACTING ATTAR OF ROSES, ETC. In addition to her candy-making enterprise, this lady likewise engaged in the making of perfumes, and so well did she succeed that her income was more than doubled. She developed a method of extracting the attar of roses and other flowers, which enabled her to make a great variety of the most delightful as well as lasting perfumes, and the ladies soon came to know of their exquisite fragrance. To extract the attar of any flower she procured a quantity of the petals, which she placed on thin layers of cotton, afterwards dipping them into the finest Florence or Lucca oil, then sprinkled a small quantity of fine salt on the flowers alternately, until an earthen vessel or wide-mouthed bottle was filled with them. Then she tied the top of the vessel closely with a piece of parchment or rubber cloth, and laid it in the heat of the sun for fifteen days, when a fragrant oil, equal to the highest-priced essences, and very valuable in the making of various kinds of perfumes, could be squeezed from the contents thus treated. PLAN No. 105. A CHEAP HOME-MADE COLOGNE Many people who cannot afford the high-priced perfumes are very well satisfied with some cheaper kind, and to meet this demand, the lady put up a home-made cologne that gave very good satisfaction. This she made as follows: To one gallon spirits of wine, add a teaspoonful each of the oils of lemon, orange and bergamot; with 40 drops of extract of vanilla. Shake until the oils are well cut, then add one and one-half pints of soft water. This made a very fair grade of perfume, and, though it could be sold at a low price, it yielded a fair profit to the lady who produced it. PLAN No. 106. MAKING ROSE JARS Very few are the boudoir accessories that are dearer to the feminine heart than a rose jar, properly made, and most women will pay almost any price for one of that kind. This lady knew exactly how to make a perfect rose jar, and added this to the already long list of her profitable industries. She dried rose petals in salt for two weeks, then cleansed the salt from the petals and put them in a jar. She would leave the jar open for a few days, then put in 2 tablespoonfuls each of cloves, allspice and cinnamon, and added 10 grains of powdered musk, letting it stand a few hours. She then added 5 cents worth of oil of lemon verbena, and 5 cents worth of oil of lavender. This she let stand three days, added 15 cents worth of oil of rose geranium, and had a rose jar that would sell for just about any price she had the temerity to ask. PLAN No. 107. MAKING ALMOND PASTE This preparation she found in great demand by the ladies, as it proved a wonderful beautifier of the complexion, and a fine remedy for chapped hands, rough skin, etc. This is the formula she used for preparing it: To 4 ounces of blanched almonds she added the white of one egg, after beating the almonds to a smooth paste in a mortar, then add enough rose water, mixed with its weight in alcohol, to give it the proper consistency. She put it up in 2-ounce jars, pasted on a fancy label, and sold it at 25 cents a jar. Its actual cost to her, jar, label and all, was less than 7 cents. PLAN No. 108. HOME WORK THAT PAYS Having suffered her full share of the losses and disappointments that fall to the lot of so many victims of the fraudulent “home-work” schemes through which many become well-to-do at the expense of poor women who are seeking to make an honest living a California woman perfected a really meritorious as well as profitable plan that can be carried out by other women with as great profit as it brought to her. Instead of dealing with that class of utility articles which can be purchased ready made for less than the ordinary woman can buy the materials, she decided to specialize in something that appealed to the vanity of women who could afford to gratify individual taste, and chose as her particular specialty those dainty ribboned sachet puffies for the handkerchief case, shirt-waist box or bureau drawer, also those made in heart shape with beauty pin attached, which girls wear inside their waists, presenting a beautiful appearance, yet easy and inexpensive to make, and affording a nice profit at 10 cents each. In fact, the entire cost of the material, including the beauty pin, is only one and one-half cents each and the making is but a minute’s work. Few people really know how to use sachet powder. They generally use entirely too much, and the scent is too strong, or it is adulterated with something like orris root and the scent is uneven. But this lady did know, and she placed fluffy cotton, or wadding, inside the bag, and sprinkled it lightly with the sachet, which gave an even, delicate and lasting perfume. She made up the bags of silkalene of various colors, using baby ribbon of colors to match for “drawing” the puffie. The silkalene will cost 10 cents per yard and one yard will make twenty-eight of the bags. Less material is required for the corsage puffie, but the beauty pin evens up the cost. Any woman who can sew can make one hundred of the puffies a day, at a cost of $1.50, and she can readily sell them for $10, and even more, thus making a profit of $8.50 a day for very light, pleasant work. Having made up several hundreds of the puffies, in various styles and colors--the larger ones are round or oblong and the corsage puffies heart-shaped--she decided upon the “trust” plan as the best means of selling them. She sent out a number of boys and girls to sell them at 10 cents each, paying them $2.00 for each one hundred sold, and even at this figure she made a profit of $6.50 on each one hundred puffies. And they sold, too, for almost every woman or girl who saw them bought at least one and in some cases as many as half a dozen, so the sales were easy and rapid. Having made so great a success in her home town, this lady extended it to other towns, and after covering the territory thoroughly she offered to sell complete instructions, with patterns for making them, for $1.00. To those purchasing this information she supplied the materials, which she bought at wholesale, and made a good profit in that way, so that in a few months she was enjoying a steady income equal to that of many other merchants in her town, yet she had only a few dollars--and a good plan--to start with. PLAN No. 109. SHARP SAWS FOR BUTCHERS An enterprising young man in San Francisco, who knew that the saw blades used by butchers require frequent sharpening and also knew that it costs the average butcher about $3.00 a month to keep them sharpened, figured out a way to save more than half that expense, and make a good thing for himself at the same time. He heard of a firm in New York that manufactured a machine for automatically sharpening hand- and meat-saws, at the rate of two hundred and fifty blades a day. He ordered one of these machines at a cost of $60 and set it up in the family woodshed. He also bought 600 new saw blades at 20 cents each, or $120 more, a total investment of $180. Then he started out to round up the butchers of the city, and when he showed them that he could supply each of them with twelve sharp blades a month, at 10 cents each, or $1.20, instead of the $3.00 a month they had been paying, everyone of them gave him an order. At the shop of each patron he left twelve sharp blades, taking twelve dull ones in their place and collecting $1.20, so that his first month’s receipts from fifty shops amounted to $60. In three months he had his entire investment back, and after that his $60 a month was all profit, but by doubling the number of his patrons he doubled his net income, and so on in proportion to the increase in the number of his orders. All the dull blades collected were re-sharpened and taken to his customers in exchange for more dull ones each month. He also made considerable money through supplying his customers with new saw frames, knives, steels, etc., and in a few months had built up a profitable business of his own. PLAN No. 110. SELLING FLAGS BY MAIL A patriotic young lady in the East, realizing that many people do not have a flag, when every home should possess one or more of these emblems of liberty, decided upon a plan by which she believed she could supply this need, and do so at a neat profit to herself, especially as there are national holidays requiring the flying of the colors almost every month in the year. She wrote an eastern manufacturer, asking the lowest wholesale prices on flags of all sizes and materials, together with collapsible flag-poles that can be sent by parcel post, rope holder, etc., all packed in a neat box and shipped direct from the factory to such patrons as she might secure in her city and neighborhood, leaving her nothing to do but to get the orders. The prices quoted being satisfactory, she prepared a circular letter, to be sent to those who answered a small ad. in the local paper offering flags for sale at extremely moderate prices, and several hundred of these, tactfully written in a patriotic vein, were mailed out all over the country, giving full description, quoting prices, etc. In response many orders for flags were received, and these she sent, with the wholesale price of each, to the manufacturer, who shipped the complete outfit direct to the customer, under the young lady’s own label. This plan was successful, not only in furthering a good and patriotic cause, but brought her a neat sum in the way of profits. PLAN No. 111. FREE MOVIES FOR CHILDREN Nothing else you can offer a child appeals so strongly as does a free ticket to a motion picture theatre, and when you offer a dozen or more of these free tickets for a few hours’ work children will almost go through fire and water to get them. A Portland man who had been a boy himself--long before the day of the movies--having made up a large amount of an exceptionally good silver polish, for which he had not found a very ready sale, concluded to let the boys and girls of the smaller towns sell it for him, and believed that free tickets to the motion-picture theatres would prove the most acceptable of all premiums to offer them for their activities. He advertised in a number of small-town papers, asking for the names of all children who would like to see the movies free of charge, and received so many names that it was only a matter of selection from the great number replying. To each of these he sent twenty packages of the silver polish with instructions to sell them at 10 cents each and remit the money to him, when he would send each boy or girl an order on the theatre manager for twelve tickets to a 5 cent house or six to a 10 cent house. He had previously sent the manager a draft sufficient to cover the cost of all the tickets, and in most cases it made it easy for him thereafter to secure tickets in quantities at great reductions, thus adding considerably to his net profits. His sales under this plan netted him over $5,000 the first year. PLAN No. 112. LIVE ALLIGATORS FOR BOY AGENTS A young man in Salt Lake City made money by giving away live alligators. A certain man in Florida where alligators of a hardy and harmless kind are numerous captures these young alligators by the hundreds and sells them at 40 cents each, in lots of a dozen or more. This young fellow was making and selling--or trying to sell--a number of small articles, such as sheet bluing, silver polish, and some other things, but his sales were slow, and he realized that he must do something to boost his business. He sent for twenty-five of these little alligators, and advertised in a number of country weeklies that any boy who would sell a certain number of his specialties, at 10 cents each, and remit the entire receipts to him, would receive free a real live alligator as a premium for his work. In a week he received many inquires, and as fast as the names of boys came in he sent packages of his goods to them to be sold. The boys must have been good salesmen or unusually enthusiastic, for inside of two weeks more the remittances began to arrive and to each boy so remitting a live young alligator was sent by express, charges collect; and, as they made very interesting little pets, absolutely safe to play with, every boy who received one became the envy of the neighborhood, so that every other boy wanted one too, and a little effort soon brought him one of his own. PLAN No. 113. DESK ROOM IN A CITY OFFICE A New York man who had a nicely equipped office was asked one day by a western customer how much he would charge for the privilege of having some of his mail come to his address, as he wished to place on his stationery the words, “New York office, No . . . . Building.” He thought it would add prestige to his business standing. The New York man named a small amount, and then this idea came to him: Why not make the same arrangement with a lot of other out-of-town people, none of whom would be in the office more than once or twice a year, and all he would have to do would be to forward any mail that came for any of these various parties? Afterwards he bought small, cheap desks at auction, installed them in his office and advertised desk room for rent at $1.00 to $5.00 a month. Many people called, to whom he explained that $1.00 a month would entitle a man to call once a day for his mail, while those who transacted any amount of business there each day would be charged $5.00 a month. He also advertised in leading western dailies that persons could have their New York address at his office for a certain amount, and the plan worked so well that the rentals so obtained much more than paid his own rent and all his other office expenses besides. But he insisted upon references in every case, and never let anyone have this privilege unless he proved to be honest and reliable. Other men in various eastern cities have since adopted this plan with success. PLAN No. 114. READY-TO-MAKE DRESSES, ETC. “Knock-down” furniture and picture frames are an old story, but “knock-down,” or ready-to-make wearing apparel is “a new one” to most people. A Chicago woman who was an expert cutter, and who knew that most women and girls would like to make their own clothes if they could only be assured of a perfect fit, saw an opportunity here to not only save these women at least half on the cost of their apparel, but to make money as well, out of the business of supplying their needs. She arranged with a popular pattern house for the loan of current illustrations with which to publish a monthly fashion bulletin, featuring those particular patterns, and with a wholesale dry goods house for the regular discounts on dress materials, trimmings, etc., securing a line of small samples of each piece of goods in most demand. Then she began advertising that for $6.50 she would furnish all the material for a certain dress, ready cut, ready to sew together, that would cost, made up, at the stores, $15, and other goods in the same proportion. To women answering these ads. and asking for particulars, she would send a small sample of the goods desired, together with a copy of her bulletin, illustrating each pattern, and showing the difference in the price when cut to fit by her, as compared with the same dress bought at a store, and usually requiring extensive alterations. She was soon obliged to employ a number of skilled assistants, in order to turn out the work that came to her. The pattern selected by the customer was used for cutting the garment, then sent to her with the material and it was an easy matter to complete a perfect fitting dress, at a great saving in cost. PLAN No. 115. BECAME A SECRETARY-BY-MAIL Being a secretary by mail is a man’s-size job, and few there are who can fill a position so exacting and often so delicate in the performance of its manifold duties. However, a Denver young man, of literary tastes and a lot of good business sense, felt that he could do it, and found that he could. He began by catering to the mail-order merchants who wish to keep posted on new advertisements and schemes, and answered all such ads. for his clients, sending them the replies received. He wrote attractive business-getting letters for mail-order and other people who were poor letter writers themselves, but who knew the value of good ones. He attended to business matters in his city for his clients, occasionally made collections for them, and performed many delicate forms of service that proved of great value. In short, he did the work of a regular secretary, but did it better than most of them are capable of doing, the main difference being that he was secretary for some 200 men or firms, instead of for only one; and, though his charges in each case were very small, they amounted to a good deal in the aggregate, and brought him a nice income for comparatively little effort. It was a successful combination of the right man and the right plan. PLAN No. 116. FREE MOTION-PICTURE TICKETS A Seattle man worked out the following plan. He called upon the managers of half a dozen or more of the 5 cent motion-picture houses and told them if they would sell him tickets at one-half the regular price, to be paid for in cash, in lots of 500 or more, he could greatly increase the attendance at their theatres, as the tickets would not cost the holders anything, and everybody who had free tickets would be sure to come. Practically all of those approached accepted this offer, and then he had several thousand coupons printed, at a cost of 50 cents per 1,000, and used a special tint of paper to prevent counterfeiting. Thus armed, he next called upon a number of merchants with a proposition that, for $1.25, he would give them 100 of these coupons, twenty-five of the 5 cent admission tickets, and an attractive show-card calling attention to the fact that he was offering his cash customers free motion-picture tickets. The twenty-five tickets alone, at their face value, were worth the amount he asked for the entire outfit. Most merchants were glad to give a discount of 5 cents on each $1.00 cash purchase, as it had a tendency to convert many credit customers into cash buyers, and the favorable publicity it gave was worth a good deal. He gave one coupon with each 25-cent cash purchase, four for a $1.00 purchase, and these four coupons entitled their holder to a free 5-cent theatre ticket. He gave out, on an average, 100 of these coupons and twenty-five tickets each day, with cash purchases amounting in all to $25. The young man’s profit on each 100 coupons, accompanied by twenty-five of the 5 cent tickets, was 40 cents, or $2.40 a week for each merchant giving out 100 coupons a day. This amounted to $124.80 a year. Twenty-five merchants therefore netted him $3,120 a year, while fifty merchants as regular customers would net him $6,240, and 100 merchants, $12,480. PLAN No. 117. SWEET POTATO SLIPS BY MAIL “I had always believed that only a resident of a big city could engage in mail order business,” said a successful Eastern Washington farmer, the other day, “but I have learned from my own experience that this is not true. “Last spring I began to realize what a great demand there is for sweet potato slips, and believed there would be money in supplying this need, so, in February, I bought and “bedded” 100 bushels of sweet potatoes, and in May the first lot of slips was ready for the market. Between that time and July 1st I disposed of 500,000 slips, at an average price of $1.50 per 1,000, and then realized that if I had specialized on a certain brand of potatoes, besides the regular line, my profits would have been much larger. When it is considered that only a few months’ work was involved, I regard the returns as very satisfactory, for my net profits on the entire transaction were $540. By enlarging my scope of operations next year, I expect to do very much better, and then have the greater part of the year left, to devote to other purposes. I believe thousands of other men can become successful mail order operators by specializing on some similar line.” PLAN No. 118. DESIGNER FOR U. S. SEE PLAN No. 217 PLAN No. 119. ELECTROTYPES FOR COUNTRY MERCHANTS A mail-order man back east hit upon a new plan of making money, and received $321 during the first three weeks. From an electrotype company he purchased 200 mounted electrotypes of different subjects, all suitable for advertising in weekly newspapers, for 10 cents each. Then he had printed 2,500 circulars, 24x36, showing the 200 cuts, and mailed the circulars to that number of country merchants whose names he had obtained by sending for sample copies of weekly newspapers within a radius of 250 miles from the city in which he lived. Now, country merchants are always glad to use cuts in their ads., if they can only get them at low rates, and when they were offered to them at 20 cents each by express, or 22 cents if sent by mail, postage paid, they were very glad to get them, and the orders came in rapidly. As the orders were received, this man forwarded them to the electrotyping company to be filled, enclosing 10 cents for each cut ordered, and retaining the other 10 cents as his profit. Some merchants ordered from five to fifty of the cuts, and after the mail-order man had had several thousand more circulars printed, he used the 200 cuts he had bought in filling orders, and thereafter all orders were filled direct by the company making the electrotype cuts. Extending his field of operations to cover more territory, the mail-order man found it so profitable that he made it a regular business. PLAN No. 120. GREASE AND OIL REMOVER A young Denver widow, whose husband had been a druggist, but had left her practically destitute at his death, decided that a formula she had successfully used herself for quickly removing grease, paint and oil spots from wearing apparel, carpets, silks, laces, woodwork, etc., besides being an unequaled shampoo for the hair, could be made a source of considerable revenue if properly presented to the public. The formula for making this magic annihilator is as follows: For making one gross of 8-ounce bottles, take aqua ammonia, one gallon; soft water, 8 gallons; best white soap, 4 pounds; saltpetre, 8 ounces. Shave the soap fine, add the water, boil until the soap is dissolved, let it get cold, then add the saltpetre, stirring until dissolved. Now strain, let the suds settle, skim off the dry suds, add the ammonia, bottle and cork at once. This will not injure the finest texture, and its chemical action is such that it turns any oil or grease into soap, which is easily washed out with clear, cold water. It is excellent for cleaning silver, brass and copper, and is certain death to bedbugs, if applied to the places frequented by them. Used as a shampoo, with an equal amount of water and a stiff brush, it produces a lather that removes grease and dandruff, while a cloth wet with it will remove grease from doorknobs, window sills, etc. To remove grease from clothing, pour on a quantity of it, rubbing with a clean sponge, on both sides of the article to be cleaned. For carpets and coarse goods, use a stiff brush and wash out with clear, cold water. One application is sufficient for fresh grease spots, but where old and dry, apply again, if necessary. For cleaning silverware, etc., mix with an equal amount of whitening, and rub briskly with a rag. Pasting a neat label, containing the directions, upon each of the 144 bottles, she started in business by selling it from house to house, but as the demand increased, she employed canvassers, placed it on sale at the various drug stores in the city, and later advertised it with excellent results. Although the cost was a mere trifle, she found a ready sale for it at 50 cents per bottle, and it has proved so profitable that she has greatly increased her facilities and is to-day enjoying an income considerably larger than her late husband ever derived from his drug store. PLAN No. 121. DINNERS FROM COUNTRY BY PARCEL POST A man who had held a good position in the city decided to move to the country and raise chickens. He bought a small home, besides a number of hens, and started in business. But the hen project was a failure, and he was about to return to his old place in the city. But he had a bright, enterprising wife, who had some ideas of her own, and she vetoed the plan of going back to the old drudgery of a clerk’s position, which had almost ruined her husband’s health. Having read a good deal concerning the value to farmers of the parcel post, she decided upon a plan of action. She wrote a catchy ad. offering to furnish dinners to city people; everything, even to the floral decorations, being complete, and delivered by parcel post on the day desired. This ad. she sent to each of the city papers, and in a day or two the first order arrived. The dinner she sent consisted of one pint of shelled peas, a few young potatoes, one broiler, a pint of strawberry preserves, a pint of cottage cheese, a quart box of cherries, fresh from the tree, a loaf of home-made bread, an angel food cake, one-half pound of fresh, sweet butter, and a number of sweet, old-fashioned roses. All were neatly packed in a strong container and the postage prepaid. It was sent in the morning, and arrived that afternoon. For a dinner like that she charged $2.00, which was considerably less than it would have cost in the market for stale stuff, but which cost so little to produce that it yielded a very good margin of profit. The family to whom the first dinner was sent promptly placed an order for two dinners each week, to be varied according to the season, and their example was followed by so many others that both husband and wife were kept busy as bees in putting up parcel-post dinners. But they were making money--more than the husband had ever earned before. PLAN No. 122. LUNCHES FOR FACTORY WORKERS A widow lady who lived near a large factory, and who had done some sewing for the wife and daughters of the superintendent, was told by that official that she could make considerable money by bringing small box lunches to the factory doors at noon every day, and that if she cared to try out the plan she could have the exclusive privilege of doing so. She thought the matter over carefully and decided there might be something in it, so she procured a hundred small, cheap, paper boxes, and filled them with light, simple lunches which she could sell at a profit for 5, 10 and 15 cents each, and from the very first she found a ready demand for them. Many of the operators, especially the young women who had previously brought their lunches from home, preferred to buy these, as they afforded a variety which, though limited, was something of a change, and the lady found her time fully occupied in planning and preparing them for service while the net profits amounted to something over $2.50 each day. PLAN No. 123. A CURRANT FARM An Indiana farmer devoted six acres of his land to currant culture and in a year or two began to realize that he had quite an undertaking on his hands. From these six acres he usually picks 1,000 crates which sell at $1.35 per crate, and it is necessary for him to hire a large number of boys and girls to do the picking. To these he pays good prices, and after all expenses are paid, he generally comes out about $600 ahead. As this is much more than can be produced by any other crop, he has about decided to plant his entire farm of 160 acres in currants, and thus clear $16,000 a year from a crop that requires but a few months each season to look after. By using a two-horse cultivator, he need spend but little time or labor in raising the currants, while no planting is required after the first year, and the picking can be let out so as to furnish employment to a large number of boys and girls, as well as those men and women who are not otherwise engaged and are looking for work. PLAN No. 124. SHOPPING FOR FRIENDS Many women dread the shopping it is necessary for them to do every little while, for to them it is the hardest kind of work, and most of these women would be glad to pay someone to do it for them. But here was a woman who positively delighted in shopping. She loved it for the variety, the excitement and the adventure it afforded. She called first at the homes of a number of the women whom she knew could not afford to spend much time in shopping, being thoroughly occupied with the numerous duties and responsibilities of their own households. Besides, they did not like to shop anyway. To these women she made a proposition to attend not only to all their local shopping, but to help them make selections from the catalogs of big mail-order houses, and order whatever goods they wanted from those sources, as well. For these services she named a rate of compensation that seemed surprisingly low to those for whom they were rendered, but when these small sums were multiplied by 100 or more, they amounted to considerable in the aggregate, so that the arrangement was eminently satisfactory to all parties concerned. Besides, it gave the woman who loved shopping an opportunity to do so without any limitations to her favorite pastime, and it made her a good living. PLAN No. 125. THE MILK DIET Ever since the dawn of civilization many men and women have endured various forms of stomach trouble, usually as a result of abusing that delicate and sensitive organ, yet often arising from causes over which the sufferer has no control. And in practically all these cases every known means has been employed in an effort to find a remedy for this distressing affliction. All sorts of “cures” have been foisted upon these people from time to time, and fortunes have been made from the miseries of the human race, for nowhere else are there such fertile fields for heartless exploitation as among the hosts of the afflicted, who would gladly give all they possess to be restored to that robust health so easily promised by those who profit upon the sick. It has remained, however, for Father Kneipp, a well known scientist, to discover and perfect a method of curing stomach trouble that, for its simplicity and effectiveness, has never been equaled, and which is now being used with great success in this country and Europe. Several large sanatoriums have been established in various European countries, where this treatment, which is nothing more nor less than a perfect milk diet, is administered with astonishing results. A young American, who had been a patient at one of these sanatoriums, succeeded in obtaining the exact method or formula for giving this treatment, and believing he could bring untold benefit to thousands of stomach sufferers in this country, and at the same time derive a good income himself from sending them full printed instructions for taking the treatment in the proper manner, devised the following admirable method of procedure: Through an advertising agency, he inserted the following advertisement in a list of newspapers within a few hundred miles of his home town: “The world’s most successful treatment for the regeneration of shattered, weak and disordered stomachs and for all chronic ailments of the digestive apparatus, that make life miserable for those so affected. Builds up thin, ill-nourished people, and reduces the superfluous weight of fat people. Relieves and heals disorders of the liver, kidneys, bladder, the circulation, etc. Restores rheumatic sufferers to health, strength and happiness. Milk, which you can take in your own home, is nature’s own sanative, but you must know how to take this diet. Obtain complete instructions, fully describing the method of taking it, by writing us today for the great two-course treatment, and learn how, if you would be well.” A surprisingly large number of inquiries were received in answer to the above ad., and to every inquirer he sent a circular letter substantially as follows: “Dear Friend: I have your inquiry relative to the principles of rejuvenation through the Milk Diet, and take pleasure in referring to the really wonderful work it has accomplished for those suffering from ailments of the stomach. “That famous scientist, Father Kneipp, who recently discovered certain priceless principles of bodily rehabilitation through the medium of the Milk Diet, was so greatly impressed with the marvelous results obtained, that he opened a sanatorium in the Tyrol mountains, to which thousands of wealthy Europeans suffering from stomach or other intestinal disorders are flocking every year, and from which in from two to six weeks they emerge rejoicing in regained health and a new lease on life, the result of a simple and delightful course of treatment. Indeed, patients who are able to pay the expenses of so long a journey are going there from all parts of the world. “But there are unnumbered thousands everywhere who are suffering equal tortures from disordered stomachs, yet who cannot afford so expensive a trip, and it is now made possible for these people to obtain the same wonderful benefits right in their own homes, through being given the proper instructions for taking this simple yet powerfully effective treatment. Even so great a boon as is the Milk Diet would avail but little unless taken according to the established method adopted by Father Kneipp as the result of years’ of experiment and research. Every good result depends upon knowing how to take the Milk Diet, and those instructions I am prepared to supply for the merely nominal payment of one dollar, which but little more than defrays the cost of printing and mailing. I am offering the two complete courses for this small amount, and am willing to refund even this if you are not more than satisfied with the results of the treatment, when taken according to the instructions I furnish.” In case this letter failed to bring an order, one or two “follow-up” letters were sent, emphasizing the need of the treatment in all forms of stomach derangement, and again calling attention to the curative qualities of milk when used as a diet in the proper way. He referred to the fact that Americans are particularly subject to stomach difficulties, as a result of improper food, especially hot bread, pies and pastry, and reminded the recipient of the letter that the Milk Diet was easy and pleasant to take; that it was the first natural food of mankind, gives the stomach a much needed rest, and enables it to rebuild under Nature’s beneficent ways; that his course showed anyone exactly how the treatment should be taken, to obtain the desired results and regenerate the entire digestive system, and offered to leave the decision of the case to the party’s own family physician, provided he was a good doctor, and an honest man. In his third letter he offered to send the course on approval, if desired, expressing full confidence that the patient would remit the $1.00 promptly after having thoroughly tested the merits of the treatment. The first letter usually brought an order, accompanied by the $1.00 asked, and so uniform was the success of the treatment that not one person ever asked to have his money refunded. On the contrary, dozens of others sent in their dollars after seeing the wonderful results the treatment accomplished. In the meantime he had had the instructions governing the taking of the treatment neatly printed in an attractive little booklet, the cover containing the words, “The Milk Diet, Nature’s Greatest Remedy for the Relief of Those Suffering from Stomach Troubles, Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Constipation and all Intestinal Ills,” and below this was the picture of a fine cow of high-class stock, contentedly browsing in a green, shady pasture, with trees and a running stream. In this booklet were printed complete instructions, as follows: PLAN No. 126. COURSE No. 1. THE BUTTERMILK DIET “In order to restore the digestive and assimilating processes to a condition whereby they can perform their functions properly, the first requisite is to give the stomach a complete rest, by providing it with food that will not tax the stomach and digestive organs, yet will nourish the body. “Scientists have discovered that Buttermilk, used to the exclusion of all other foods for a stated time, is the ideal food for that purpose as it contains all the elements of nourishment, and is free from indigestible butter fat; that it thoroughly cleans out the system, eliminating all the toxic poisons and fermented contents of the stomach, which having entered the circulation, upset the whole system and produce disease. It expels the bile, mucus and acids produced by incorrect digestive action, cleanses the stomach and intestines, the liver, pancreas, kidneys and blood, enabling the system to throw off every trace of toxic poisons, and bring a speedy return of the normal appetite and renewed energy. “The element in buttermilk scientifically known as lecithin, acts on the system as a tonic, which clears the complexion, brightens the eyes, and imparts the glow of perfect health to the entire body. “But one fact must be kept constantly in mind while taking the Milk Diet, if success is to be assured: A strict adherence to the rules as herein laid down. To take it in a haphazard fashion, on and off as the notion strikes one, will do no good, and a lapse from the regular program will set you back to where you were at the beginning. Therefore, do exactly as the course prescribes, without the deviation of a hair’s breadth from its positive and plainly-stated rules. “Before taking this course, give the system a thorough purging, with castor oil or saline laxatives, to carry off the contents of the intestines and prepare the stomach for the beneficent action of the buttermilk. “The Buttermilk Diet Course is divided into three periods: the first two of four days each, and the third until a satisfactory condition is obtained, which should be in from four to ten days. “During the first four-day period, take one-half pint of fresh, pure buttermilk every two hours during the waking hours, beginning at 7 A. M. and continuing until 9 P. M., or 11 P. M., if preferred. This amounts to from 2 to 2¹⁄₂ quarts of buttermilk a day for the first four days. Should this produce vomiting, as it may in a few cases, do not be alarmed, for it simply indicates that the system is taking notice of what is being done for it, and is trying to expel some of the poisons it is unable to get rid of through the intestines. Keep on taking the buttermilk, even increasing the quantity, until the vomiting ceases and the stomach accepts it without protest. “In the second four-day period, the amount of buttermilk taken should be increased to one-half pint every hour and a half during the waking hours, or nearly three quarts of buttermilk a day. “After the eighth day, take half a pint of buttermilk every hour, and continue this until you feel that you have been restored to a healthy condition. This feeling will be manifested by a sensation of complete ease, bodily and mentally, and an active desire for solid food--a desire which will have disappeared almost entirely after the second or third day of the first period, and does not return until the system is once more balanced and healthy. “If unable to get absolutely pure, fresh buttermilk take pure, fresh milk, draw off the cream or butter fat which rises to the top of the bottle, and add buttermilk tablets, which can be procured at all drug stores and many grocery stores, with directions for use on the package. Buttermilk made in this way is far better than poor grades of real buttermilk that is not fresh. “The buttermilk should be taken lukewarm--not iced, chilled or hot--and sipped slowly, not gulped down. “If, while taking the course, you suffer from hunger or thirst, do not allow yourself to either eat or drink anything--not even water--but always take some more of the buttermilk, as this will relieve the hunger and satisfy the thirst. “While taking the treatment, always keep the bowels open, and enemas, or internal bathing, are advised for this. In taking the enema, or rectal injection, use a two-quart bag with syringe, having the water blood-warm, or just so you can hold your hand in it. To a two-quart bag of this warm water, add half a cupful of pure glycerine, shaking it up thoroughly, and, lying on the floor on one side, with the legs doubled up, inject the entire contents of the bag into the rectum. Hold this in for ten minutes, then evacuate it naturally and thoroughly. This internal bath should be taken every day during the first four-day period, then every other day during the second period, and after that twice a week, until you are having two natural passages every day. Make an effort at these times, whether the desire exists or not. “In taking the enema, regulate the flow so that it will not be too violent. Hanging the bag of the syringe from 2¹⁄₂ to 3 feet above the floor will give the correct impetus to the flow. These internal flushings remove the secretions from the lower intestine, where they are prone to lie and ferment, and are a great aid in preserving the general health, as they assist nature in eliminating waste and poisonous matter. “After completing the Buttermilk Diet, as directed herein, use caution in taking solid nourishment for awhile. For a few days reduce the supply of buttermilk, and substitute light, easily digested foods, such as eggs, boiled, poached, or creamed; chicken, broiled lamb chops, small quantities of rare roast beef, broiled steak rare, boiled fresh fish, rice, macaroni cooked in milk until tender, fresh vegetables that do not contain starchy elements, and ripe, wholesome fruit. Also eat dry toast, or whole wheat bread in place of fresh bread made from white wheat flour. This course has, no doubt, broken you of the coffee habit, so avoid coffee in future, and use milk or buttermilk instead, as it will be much better for you. Resume the eating of solid foods by eating only one meal a day, about noon, taking the milk or buttermilk for your morning and evening meals, as well as during the day when hungry or thirsty. “Thoroughly chew your food after returning to a solid diet, and thus avoid many stomach troubles, while obtaining more nourishment from your food. Besides, by eating slowly, you will eat much less, and feel all the better for it.” PLAN No. 127. THE MILK DIET “Because people are inclined to eat more for the pleasure it affords them than for the necessary nourishment of the body, they usually eat too much, and suffer from stomach disorders and derangements in consequence. Especially is this true in the United States, where high living is the rule, rather than the exception, and it is here that so many thousands are suffering untold agonies from various forms of stomach and intestinal complaints. “But Nature herself has placed within easy reach of all a safe, certain and pleasant remedy for the myriad maladies caused by improper eating, as well as sufferers through inherited tendencies. And that supreme and sovereign remedy is--milk. “The efficacy of the Milk Diet is now so thoroughly and firmly established that thousands have been the beneficiaries of its marvelous healing power, while still unnumbered thousands are earnestly longing for the blessings it will bring them when properly brought to their attention. “Milk possesses certain properties that heal and anoint those organs of the body which digest and assimilate the sources of nourishment, and pure milk will counteract many ailments which no other seems able to reach. The systematic drinking of milk, under certain well established rules, if persistently adhered to, will practically restore the shattered and disordered stomach to that condition of health and strength which is its natural birthright and inheritance. “The first requisite in the use of milk as a remedy for stomach ailments is that it be absolutely pure and fresh. It must not be taken cold, but cool enough to be palatable, though preferably blood-warm, as it is then easier to digest and is more quickly assimilated. It must be taken from healthy cows, must not be skimmed, and must be sipped slowly, not gulped down. “In taking up the Milk Diet, you must give up all kinds of food and drink--except milk--and it is best to rest the body as much as possible during the period of the treatment, so as to conserve all your energies for renovating and rejuvenating your system. Complete physical relaxation during the first ten days is highly advisable, lying on the back as much as possible, and making no unnecessary effort along the line of physical activity. Afterwards, however, light work or moderate exercise is desirable. “Taking into consideration the rich elements of milk, it is best at first to take only small quantities, and repeat often. Half a glass every half-hour will do to begin with, and the quantity can be increased gradually, until the stomach will retain a full glass every half-hour. Keep this up during the first ten days, keeping your body relaxed meanwhile, and after that a half pint should be taken every hour during the working hours, and a pitcher of milk be kept within reach to drink during the night. In a thoroughly well ventilated room the milk will keep sweet all night except in the hottest weather, and is good in case of sleeplessness. “Some people become bilious when taking nothing but milk, the biliousness being evidenced by the regurgitation of the milk, by acid eruptions from the stomach to the mouth, and even by vomiting. But do not be discouraged. Keep on drinking the milk, for these manifestations are merely nature’s protest against the condition of the stomach, and not against the milk. Soon the vomiting will clear out the accumulations of bile and mucus from the stomach, the milk will cease to distress you and will be easily and quickly digested. If milk does not lie quietly on the stomach, it is because the stomach is not in a fit condition to receive it, that is all. “As the milk begins to be absorbed by the circulation, it permeates all parts of the system and cleans them out, for the cleaning power of milk is very great. “Some persons, after taking the milk for awhile, begin to loath it, and in these cases the juice of a lemon may be substituted for a short time, but only occasionally to overcome the feeling of nausea. A little lemon juice is also advisable following the vomiting incident to the biliousness that sometimes occurs. “In taking either the milk or buttermilk treatment, the patient will experience, at first, great hunger, and a longing for solid food. In all such cases, drink milk, plenty of it, and it will be both food and drink for you. After the third day, the craving for solid food generally disappears, though it is best to keep away from food and avoid temptation for a few days and soon you will have no craving. “Before beginning the Milk Diet, a good dose of castor oil is advisable, though not so essential as in the Buttermilk Diet. But after the course has started, no drugs should be used for keeping the bowels open. If constipation develops, as is likely, flush the rectum with the enemas, as in the case of the Buttermilk Diet, doing this every day for three or four days, then one every other day for the next four days, and after that once or twice a week, so as to keep the bowels moving regularly, assisting nature in having regular passages every morning and evening. Always add half a cup of glycerine to the two quarts of warm water used as an injection, as this acts as a lubricant and softener of the inner tract, and water alone will dry out the colon, which is dangerous. If the patient is suffering from piles, use a soft catheter or rubber in taking the injections. The internal bath conquers looseness of the bowels and diarrhea, as well as constipation, and when used with glycerine is a sedative to the irritated colon or intestines. “How much time should be given to taking the Milk Diet? That depends entirely upon the person taking it. Many who know its great benefits advise that it be taken at least once every year, especially by hearty eaters and high livers, who should take it for two or three weeks each spring and fall, as by doing so they can always be perfectly healthy. “Relief in chronic ailments due to indigestion, stomach or intestinal troubles, and derangement of the kidneys and bladder, varies with the aggravation of the case, and nature itself will show when the regeneration is completed. But the safe rule is to continue the treatment until you know you are well, though your judgment may not always be infallible. “Fat people who take this treatment to reduce their weight, and thin people who take it to build up their wasted bodies, will know when to stop, and by using proper care in the selection of foods, will be able to maintain a normal condition, but even then it is better to continue it a little longer than to stop too soon, and not resume hearty eating too quickly. Observe the same rules in preparing the system for the taking of solid foods as are prescribed in the Buttermilk Diet, beginning lightly and gradually increasing the quantity taken. A few people are affected strangely by the results of the Milk Diet upon the nervous system, where it has been badly run down by excesses in eating or the ailments that follow them, but this condition is only temporary, and will soon pass away through perservering in the diet, and the nerves will be greatly strengthened and renewed by the rich new blood that is the natural result of the Milk Diet. “To only one class of persons is there any danger in taking the Milk Diet. People who have organic heart trouble are liable to find the flow of new blood too strong for a weak heart, and should be guided by the advice of a reputable physician before beginning it, so as to avoid serious consequences. “The Milk Diet should be taken only by adults; as children are rarely to be found suffering from stomach trouble and their strong young systems require solid food for proper development. “Nor should the Milk Diet be taken by anyone without first flushing the system by the use of the enema, as above set forth. “Above all things else, take absolutely no food or even a drink of water, while taking the Milk Diet, as this will undo all the good that has been accomplished and make it necessary to begin all over again. “Fat people usually lose two or three pounds a day when they first begin taking the Milk Diet strictly according to the instructions herein given, while thin people commence to gain in weight, for it brings real health, instead of merely artificial relief, such as is given by drugs. And after the treatment is taken, practice simple living, eating plain but substantial food, and you will find yourself completely restored to perfect health. In the meantime, keep the bowels regular, by an occasional enema if necessary, and your troubles will be over. However, you can bring them all back, by again abusing the delicate organism of the stomach. “Sleep enough, but not too much, in well ventilated rooms. Exercise moderately and thoroughly masticate your food before swallowing it.” Within a month after inserting the advertisements, several hundred people had ordered the course, remitting the $1 requisite, and almost without exception those who completed the treatment according to the instructions sent, began sending testimonials to the marvelous effects of the Diet in their individual cases. The enterprising citizen had no capital invested, carried no stock, and had only to mail the printed instructions for taking the treatment, and the patients gladly did the rest. And he not only made a good living for himself but brought health and happiness to a host of suffering people. PLAN No. 127B. MAKING ORCHARD AND GARDEN PAY A farmer’s wife in Iowa, who wanted to make some money of her own, instead of feeling that she had to ask her husband for every dollar she received, started in a systematic manner to have a bank account of her own. The family lived within twenty miles of a large city, and the farm contained an extensive orchard, as well as over an acre devoted to gardening purposes, and in these the wife found a broad field for her activities. She thoroughly understood the many tempting ways in which fruits, vegetables and other orchard and garden products can be put up, and she knew the city people would pay for the products of her skill, so she entered upon an extensive campaign of canning, pickling and preserving, any one of which lines will furnish any energetic woman with a way for making money, even though she may adopt only one of the profitable plans. She could not begin to supply the demands of the city people. PLAN No. 128. PICKLED PEACHES AND PEARS There are few things that have a more delicious taste than pickled peaches or pears, especially when pickled the way this farmer’s wife pickled them. Take one-half cup of vinegar and one-half pound of sugar to a little over a pound of the fruit. Place the sugar and vinegar over the fire until it comes to a boil. Add a layer of fruit, and cook until soft enough to run fork through it; then remove the fruit and fill the same way until all are done. The syrup needs no more cooking. Stick cloves in the fruit before cooking, and add cinnamon to syrup, if desired. When she sent these to the city, she soon had calls for more, and the prices they brought were a source of much pride as well as profit to the energetic housewife who put them up. PLAN No. 129. PICKLED APPLES Apples, especially those of the choicest varieties, are very good without pickling, but a great deal more so when they are pickled the way the farmer’s wife prepared them, as follows: Take ripe, hard, sweet apples. Peel evenly, and if the apples are perfect, leave them whole, otherwise cut in quarters. To a peck of apples, take about two quarts of vinegar and four pounds of sugar, half an ounce of mace, half an ounce of cloves, and the same amount of allspice, all unground; one teaspoonful of mustard seed, a few pepper grains and a little salt. Heat the vinegar and sugar together to the boiling point, skim well, put the spices in a thin muslin bag and add the vinegar, then put in the apples. Place over the fire, and stew slowly until the apples are soft. Then take out the apples, let the vinegar boil down, and pour in over the fruit. Cover and put away. Of course, in making large quantities, she increased the amount of the ingredients accordingly, yet maintained the proportions named. PLAN No. 130. PICKLED CHERRIES The cherry trees were full that year, and she made good use of cherries by using this recipe: To every quart of cherries, allow a cupful of vinegar, one-half cupful of sugar, one dozen whole cloves, half a dozen blades of mace. Put the vinegar and sugar on to heat, with the spices, boil five minutes, turn out into a covered stoneware vessel and let it get perfectly cool. Strain out the spices, fill small jar three-fourths full of cherries, then fill up with cold vinegar. Cork or seal tightly. Leave the stems on the cherries. Besides filling several shelves in her own cellar with these, she sold large quantities to her city customers at “top” prices. PLAN No. 131. PICKLED PLUMS It would hardly seem possible to make a plum any better than it is when ripe and right off the tree, but this Iowa woman did so as follows: To seven pounds of plums, take four pounds of sugar and two ounces each of stick cinnamon and cloves, one quart of vinegar and a little mace. Put in the jar first a layer of plums, then a layer of spices; scald the vinegar and sugar together, and pour over the plums, and when the jar is full, scald all together. They are then ready for use at once. But she didn’t use all she put up. She sold to city people who liked her other products so well. PLAN No. 132. SWEET CUCUMBER PICKLES People like cucumber pickles, so this woman catered to their taste as follows: Take ripe cucumbers, cut in two, scrape out the seeds, cut into strips and soak over night in salt water. To every quart of vinegar add one pound of sugar; boil and skim. Boil the strips in vinegar until tender and quite transparent. Take out the pickles, strain the vinegar, put it over the fire with a small muslin bag of mixed spices, boil two hours, pour over the pickles, cover and put away. She sold these pickles at a good profit. PLAN No. 133. INDIAN CHUTNEY MAKE This will be something new to many people, but it is so good that almost any woman could derive a good living from making and selling this and nothing else. Here is the way the Iowa lady made it: Pare, core and chop in small squares pieces half a pound of sour apples, and to them add half a pound each of tomatoes, brown sugar, stoned raisins and salt, a quarter of a pound each of cayenne pepper and powdered ginger, two ounces each of onions and garlic, one quart of lemon juice and three quarts of vinegar. Mix all well together, and put in a closely covered jar. Keep in a warm place, and stir every day for a month, being careful to see that it is kept covered; strain through a sieve at the end of this time and bottle. The liquor may be used as a sauce for fish or meat, and imparts a flavor seldom equaled. PLAN No. 134. SPICED CURRANTS Any one should be able to obtain any quantity of currants desired in their season, and make extra money by spicing them as this Iowa lady did, as follows: Three pounds of white sugar, five pounds of ripe currants, one tablespoonful each of cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves and allspice. Boil currants one hour, then add sugar, spices and one-half pint of vinegar and boil one-half hour longer. This was one of the best sellers she put up. PLAN No. 135. TOMATO PRESERVES With tomatoes as plentiful and cheap as they are almost every year, and with so many people who like them, it is a wonder that thousands of women do not make a living by preserving, according to the following recipe, which this lady used: Peel the tomatoes, and to each pound add a pound of sugar and let stand over night. Take the tomatoes out of the sugar, and boil the syrup, removing the scum. Put in the tomatoes and boil gently twenty minutes. Remove the fruit again, and boil until the syrup thickens. On cooling, put the fruit into jars and pour the syrup over. The round, yellow variety of tomatoes should be used, and as soon as ripe. It is hard to imagine a more delicious preserve, or one that will bring a better price. PLAN No. 136. CRAB APPLE JELLY While thousands of bushels of crab apples are allowed to go to waste every year, and cost nothing but the picking, hundreds of women could be earning considerable money by gathering them, as they make the best jelly in the world, and it can be sold at almost any price one may ask. This Iowa lady used her surplus stock of crab apples as follows: Wash the fruit clean, put in a kettle, cover with water, and boil until thoroughly cooked. Then pour into a sieve and let it drain. Do not press it through. For each pint of this liquor, allow one pound of sugar. Boil from twenty minutes to half an hour. Jellies can also be made from quinces, peaches and Porter apples in the same way. Even with all of this she could make, the lady was unable to supply the demand. She secured customers for her products through a few short ads in the city papers. PLAN No. 137. GLASS POLISHING PASTE Nothing affords the housewife more pleasure or pride than to have her glassware, mirrors, window panes, etc., show that brilliancy and lustre so universally admired, but it is difficult to obtain. A young man in San Diego, California, who had the formula for one of the best of these polishes, but very little else, anchored his hopes of making a living on supplying all the homes he possibly could with the means of keeping their glass surfaces shiny and clean. Therefore he made up as much of the preparation as he could afford for a starter, from the following formula: Prepared chalk, 9 ounces; jewelers’ rouge, ¹⁄₂ ounce; white bole, ¹⁄₂ ounce; alcohol, 3 ounces; water, 5 ounces. Mix into a stiff paste. To use, moisten a cloth with alcohol, place a small quantity of the paste, not larger than a pea, on the glass, and rub over the surface with the cloth until dry, and until the powder is completely removed. The result was good. Not having sufficient capital to advertise his preparation, or to make it in sufficient quantities to employ agents or supply it to the drug stores, he made up a small amount at first, and introduced it into various homes by asking permission to polish up some glassware or a window, and the lustre it left was so brilliant that he sold some of it at most every house in which he demonstrated, and as the profit was very large, he soon had enough capital to make it on a larger scale. Then he placed a crew of agents in the city and surrounding towns and thus created a demand for the product which the druggists were glad to supply from the stocks he had left with them for sale. In a short time he was able to advertise it thoroughly, and in the course of a couple of years he had built up a business that is today netting him a very good income. But his success need not exclude others from this field, and there is still room for hundreds of other young men who wish to follow his example. PLAN No. 138. HAIR DRESSING AS A PROFESSION A young lady in Denver, the possessor of a pleasing manner, neat and attractive, felt the need of making some money to help support her invalid mother. She had been employed in a hair-dressing establishment for some time, and had learned all the secrets of the business, so she put her knowledge of the business into practical form and made a success of it. She was personally acquainted with a number of women in her section of the city, who, though not regular patrons of the leading hair-dressers, liked to have their hair done up in proper form, and could afford a reasonable price for such service. She therefore had some neat cards printed, announcing that she would do all kinds of hair-dressing for ladies at their homes, at very reasonable rates, and, calling upon these women, she left her cards, with a request that she be allowed to dress the hair of each one as a sort of demonstration of her ability, also asking the ladies interviewed to hand her card to some lady acquaintance. She was surprised by the large number of “trial orders” she received, and she performed the service so well that practically all the women, after having her dress their hair once, insisted upon paying her rates, which were not considerably less than regular hair-dressers’ prices. In a short time she had all the permanent patrons she could serve, and the reward of her tact and skill came in the form of a good living. [Illustration: Plan No. 139. Woman in Business] PLAN No. 139. CLIPPING BUREAU There are clipping bureaus, big and little, in all the cities and towns in America, but a short time ago there was one town of 6,000 people, in a western state, where there was no clipping bureau, so an enterprising citizen of the place started one. He was on a friendly basis with the newspaper men of the town and was allowed the use of exchange papers. Next he interviewed a number of contractors, builders, architects, supply houses, manufacturers, men prominent socially and politically, and many others and arranged to furnish them with all the news items of interest within a radius of 200 miles, for $3.00 a month and up, depending upon the character and number of subjects clipped. Then he rented a small office in a quiet street, hired a girl for $35 a month to do the reading, clipping, pasting and classifying. He solicited the business. His receipts for the first month were $100, the second month $150, the third month $200, and on up until it reached $300 a month, with no additional expense. He also read, marking the articles to be clipped and mailed by the girl assistant. His bureau is still running and is making him a good living. HOW A WIFE HELPED HER HUSBAND The wife of a young man who had been incapacitated for heavy work by injuries received in an automobile accident assumed the duties of bread-winner for the family by carrying out a number of plans which she had always regarded as “life-savers” in case of emergencies. Each of these in itself would prove a means of earning a livelihood by any one other woman similarly situated. PLAN No. 140. STARTED A HOME STORE This couple lived in a small western city of about 25,000 inhabitants, some of whom were well-to-do, and it occurred to her that by utilizing her large front room and opening a little store in which all the articles offered for sale were made at home, she could keep it stocked with many articles which she could make herself, and soon build up a profitable business. Possessing extraordinary taste and skill, by odd jobs she earned some money to be used as working capital for the store. First, she bought a ham, sliced it thin, laid some sprigs of parsley around it on a number of plates, and set this in her front window. She also made some artificial honey from a recipe she found in an old cook book, and arranged this display so tastefully that her supply was soon sold. Then she displayed a variety of vegetables, fresh from her garden, and these also sold readily, at good prices. To this display she added plants of many kinds, then delicious pastry of her own cooking, preserves, sweetmeats, fresh laid eggs from her own hens, and finally branched out into a complete line of home-made goods, for which she found a steady demand the year round. With the little help her husband could give, she was soon earning more money than the family ever had before. PLAN No. 141. HAS A FLOWER BED Never before had she realized the immense profit to be derived from a well-kept flower bed, but the insistent call for plants and cut flowers of all kinds gave her a new idea, and she turned this also to excellent account. Her own personal care of the flower bed was the only capital she found it necessary to invest, and she was pleased to learn that the large returns she received from this source represented just that much clear profit. The more common plants, such as pansies, geraniums, etc., were always in demand by those who had failed to plant flowers of their own, while the rarer kinds, such as orchids, etc., were wanted, at fancy prices. She possessed the artistic taste necessary to arrange her flowers and plants to the best possible advantage, and this arrangement no doubt brought many patrons. To keep her flowers fresh, she wet them thoroughly, put them in a damp box and covered them with wet raw cotton or wet newspapers, then placed them in a cool place. To preserve bouquets, she put a little saltpetre in the water. PLAN No. 142. HOME-MADE CHRISTMAS GIFTS During her spare time she made a great variety of Christmas presents, such as sofa pillows, pin cushions and trays, jewel trays, lamp shades, chair cushions, tidies, book-marks, catch-bags, and work-baskets. The latter she made of a few cents’ worth of light drilling covered with ruffled net, and when made they were fully equipped with the necessary needles, thread, etc. Some cheap yet substantial material was used as a base for these baskets, and when tastefully adorned, as she so well knew how, they, as well as all the other holiday articles she made, sold quickly. PLAN No. 143. HOME-MADE LACE The prices which home-made lace commands in the cities would surprise those not familiar with this rare industry, but when it is known that $15 is considered cheap for a simple point lace handkerchief, some idea may be gained as to its possibilities. Of course, many cheaper articles can be made of lace, and sold readily at good profits, and procuring a book that gave complete instructions for the making of lace of all kinds, this lady devoted considerable time to making many things which she sold at good prices. PLAN No. 144. SCHOOL CHILDREN’S NEEDS As her little home store was near a school, she decided to make up a number of needed articles for the use of the pupils, and had no trouble in selling them. These articles consisted mainly of school-book bags made of stout linen, with fancy stitching and a strong linen strap; also pen-wipers, sleeve-protectors, school aprons, etc. These she made in pretty colors, with neat stitching, and they were very handsome as well as useful. Sometimes she arranged with a bright boy or girl to sell these in school, paying a small commission for such services, either in cash or goods selected from her store. That she made a success of her venture may be judged when it is stated that her profits are larger each year than those of some of the regular merchants of her city. PLAN No. 145. ARTIFICIAL MAPLE SYRUP The following plan was adopted by a farmers’ grocer who had located in a southern state for his wife’s health and it proved more profitable than had his former big store in a northern city. His plan was the making of artificial maple syrup, a healthful staple product that cost but little and brought excellent returns. He made the syrup as follows: Take one bushel of clean, fresh corn-cobs, place them in a large kettle, pour in five gallons of clear water and boil for two hours, or until it boils down to about two gallons. Then remove the cobs and strain the water. Then add five pounds of New Orleans sugar and boil for thirty minutes, and strain and seal in glass or tin cans, with proper labels. The corn-cobs give it the maple flavor, which makes it very palatable, though it can be sold at very much less than the genuine article. By increasing the quantities of the ingredients, he was soon able to make forty to fifty gallons a day, at a cost of about 12 cents per gallon. The cans cost him 20 to 30 cents per dozen, and the labels about $2 per 1,000, the entire cost of one dozen gallon cans being about $1.75, while he retailed it at $1.00 per gallon. At first he sold it through agents, paying a commission of 25 per cent, and his net profit on one dozen gallon cans was therefore $7.25. Later, however, he wholesaled it to grocers at 50 cents per gallon, and this netted him $4.25 per dozen cans. It was so good an imitation that it could not be detected from genuine maple syrup, and those who bought it once insisted upon having it again, and the maker soon had a long list of regular customers which insured him a good living. PLAN No. 146. CARBOLIC FACE CREAM A young woman in Vancouver, B. C., who had noticed that most ladies gladly pay from 25 cents to $1.50 for a two-ounce jar or bottle of widely-heralded “face cream,” decided that she could make some just as good as the best of these, and realize a profit of 700 per cent. She took ten pounds of oatmeal and boiled it thoroughly in clear water, afterward straining it through a cheese cloth, squeezing the meal through the cloth with a motion like that of milking a cow. When well strained, she diluted three ounces of carbolic acid with a quart of water, then mixed it well with the meal, adding enough water, where it was too thick, to make the consistency of cream. She put this in two-ounce jars, attractively, and sold it readily at 25 cents per jar. This made enough to fill 500 jars of the cream, which sold for $125, while the total cost of the same, including materials, jars and labels, was not over $15, so that from this one “batch” of cream her profits were $110. It became a very popular product, as the oatmeal softens the skin and the carbolic acid removes blemishes, and these results, coupled with a fancy name on an artistic label, sold the cream as fast as she could make it. The directions for use were as follows: After bathing the face thoroughly in tepid water, dry well, dip tips of fingers in cream, and rub on face until dry, which helps to efface all impurities of the skin. Bathe the face again, and dry with a soft towel. How much money do you suppose that girl made out of this simple face cream during the first year? Exactly $2,500. PLAN No. 147. WOMAN DRESS AND STYLE ADVISER A preacher’s daughter, thrown upon her own resources, and feeling that she could not enter any of the ordinary occupations, owing to the unreasonable opposition of her late father’s parishioners, decided to adopt the novel profession of toilet adviser to her lady friends. Having excellent taste in such matters, and having long been looked to for counsel in the matter of dress, she had no difficulty in securing a very considerable list of permanent patrons, who paid her reasonably well for the services she rendered. She opened a little “office” in her home, and those who came for consultation concerning matters of dress or personal adornment she charged $1.00 an hour, while her rate for accompanying her patrons on shopping expeditions was 50 cents an hour. She advised her customers how to dress their hair becomingly, the colors they could wear to the best advantage, the style of gown appropriate to each occasion, the propriety of neckwear, hat, bonnet, etc., and as her taste in these matters was faultless, her services were so thoroughly appreciated that her time was taken up with these duties. She had the firmness to insist upon her decision being accepted as final, and yet possessed the delicacy to do so without injuring their feelings, and made a much better living for the family than had her father. It isn’t every girl who is qualified to render this service, but every town and city offers a great field for its performance. PLAN No. 148. NURSES’ BUREAU A middle-aged widow in St. Louis, who owned a large house and grounds in a good residential district, but who was short of ready money, evolved a plan for establishing a nurses’ bureau in her own home. From physicians, hospitals, city directories and friends, she obtained the names of nearly two hundred nurses, and from the greater part of these she secured permission to place their names upon her list, with their addresses, telephone numbers, wages asked per week, etc., and with the understanding that they were to pay her a certain amount as commission for obtaining positions for them at any time they were not engaged. They were to keep her informed when they were engaged, with the length of time so employed, and the means of reaching them quickly when necessary. She then advertised in the classified columns of the city papers to the effect that she was prepared at all times to supply nurses at any time, and notified the doctors and the hospitals of this fact. She further utilized several of the unoccupied rooms in her home, as well as the aid of one servant, by taking a number of the nurses to board with her, so as to have them ready for sudden calls, and in this way offered facilities not theretofore enjoyed by either the nurses or those needing their services. Within a few months she was enjoying a living income from her novel venture, and rendered excellent service to nurses and patients alike. PLAN No. 149. DRESS-CUTTING SCHOOL Almost any woman who wants to learn dress-cutting can do so by using one of the numerous systems now on the market, and it is an easy matter to get one of the charts that give complete instructions. Some women learn quickly, while others are slow. But here is one who made a good living out of it. Having thoroughly mastered the chart, and being naturally gifted in matters pertaining to the fitting of garments, she proceeded to open a school for teaching the dress-cutting art to others who wished to learn. To each pupil one of the charts is supplied, together with personal instructions needed in most cases, and for these services and supplies she makes a moderate charge. The first lesson she gives is on garments belonging to the pupils themselves, and as others come in with dresses to make she names a reasonable charge for making these, and even then her prices are much less than those of regular dress-makers. The pupils do the main part of the work on these dresses, as part of their instructions, while the lady gets the pay for the finished dress. She not only gets paid for the tuition of the girls and the dresses they make but also a commission on each chart sold to her pupils, and in this way makes a very comfortable living. After she became well established, she also gave employment to some of the more apt and dextrous of her finished pupils, and thus enabled them to make good wages for themselves. PLAN No. 150. ETIQUETTE AND DANCING SCHOOL A young society woman in a western city had recently been reduced to comparative poverty by sudden reverses which overtook her father, and being of an energetic and resourceful nature, she started a class in dancing and deportment, to earn something with which to assist her now almost dependent father and mother. She sent out circulars to a long list of her acquaintances, announcing that her class would begin on a certain evening, and invited their patronage. She was so well known that she had no difficulty in securing a large class from the very beginning, as even those mothers who did not favor dancing were anxious to have their daughters properly instructed in social laws and customs from so competent and trustworthy a teacher. She also gave private lessons in both dancing and deportment for the benefit of a number of families whose early advantages had not been such as to fit them for the places in society to which they now aspired. These lessons paid well. PLAN No. 151. WOMAN’S EXCHANGE Women’s exchanges, as usually conducted, consist of a number of women who form a sort of syndicate, have a board of managers, rent a suitable building, employ the necessary help to carry on the work, and pay annual dues of a stated amount each. But an Omaha woman, who had only a very few dollars, and had a taste for that kind of work, concluded to start one all her own, and she made it a success. Lacking the capital with which to rent a store room she used her parlor for that purpose, and succeeded so well that in a short time she was able to move to larger quarters, more centrally located. She issued some neat circulars, inviting the women of her own and other neighborhoods to bring any articles they had for sale, and she would make an effort to dispose of them, or exchange them for other articles they desired, on the basis of a 10 per cent commission on all sales or exchanges made. As nearly every woman has certain belongings which she wishes to sell, or exchange for something else, there was a hearty response to the invitation, and her parlor was soon filled with a motley array of miscellaneous merchandise. Every article was labeled with the name, address and telephone number of the owner, the price asked for it, or the goods for which it would be exchanged, and the parlor was thronged every day and evening with women patrons, who nearly always found something they were glad to buy at the marked price, so that the lady’s commissions began almost at once to assume very good proportions. Later she served lunches in her dining room, and these also were liberally patronized, so that she made a very good living from her exchange idea, and finally became the owner of a regular store. PLAN No. 152. SHOPPING AS A PROFESSION A San Francisco woman who had excellent taste and judgment, and large experience in buying, decided to adopt shopping as a regular profession, and found it a most pleasant and profitable occupation. After making arrangements with several large stores in the city, carrying different lines of goods, for a straight commission of 10 per cent on all purchases she should make, she asked and obtained the consent of a number of well-known business men of her acquaintance to use their names as references in launching her enterprise. She had several thousand circulars printed, stating that she would carefully and satisfactorily attend to orders she received from outside parties for doing all kinds of shopping, and that she would make no charge whatever for the services so rendered. These circulars contained the names of her references, and stated the experience she had had in buying merchandise of various kinds. Then she advertised in a number of papers that circulated largely throughout the rural districts and country towns, asking inquiries regarding her method of free shopping. These ads. brought hundreds of letters asking for complete information, and in answer to these she sent her circulars. She also obtained many names of people in small communities from seed dealers, agricultural implement men, and others having a large country trade, and sent circulars to these also. The fairness of the offer, and the standing of the lady herself, as evidenced by her references, brought many orders, and, as she had announced that where cash did not accompany the order the goods would be sent C. O. D., she sustained no losses. The idea of having a competent and reliable person do all their shopping, without charge, appealed to them and they became her permanent patrons. PLAN No. 153. DRUGLESS TREATMENT FOR CONSTIPATION A western man who was strongly opposed to the use of drugs, and who had cured himself of prolonged constipation by a process of self-massaging of the abdomen, was anxious that other sufferers might also receive the benefit of his experience, and felt that the information given them was worth paying for. He therefore had some circular letters printed, fully explaining the method, and advertised in a large number of papers, offering this drugless treatment upon receipt of 50 cents. The advertisements seemed to have created a decidedly favorable impression, for hundreds of answers, with enclosures, were received, and to each of these he sent a copy of his circular letter, as follows: “The causes of constipation are many. Often it is an insufficient supply of bile, or may be due to digestive troubles, and always follows sedentary habits. “Cathartics are injurious, and make the bowels dependent upon artificial means for their movement, and this in time may lead to paralysis, with consequent loss of control. “To teach the muscles of the abdomen to bring on a natural peristaltic movement, at least twice a day, is the purpose of these instructions. “Once each day or night always at the same hour stand erect and place the palms of both hands directly over your intestines. Then, with no clothing over the abdomen, with a circular motion from right to left, begin gently to massage the same, not rapidly, but slowly and with a gentle pressure, giving your hands a rotary motion over the flesh. Continue this for five or ten minutes. “Starting in at the right side of your abdomen, work your hands in a circling motion, from right to left, gradually taking in all parts of the abdomen, but do not pound or strike yourself. “If satisfactory results do not come the first day, or even the first week, do not give up, but keep at it until they do, and go through with it at the same hour each day or night, as you choose. “Within a few days you will find your bowels beginning to move more regularly and freely, but do not stop the massaging, though you may reduce the time given to it. In a few weeks the massage will require but one minute a day. “Many kinds of food tend to produce constipation. Crackers, cheese and too much white bread are particularly bad, so that less rich food, but more coarse foods, as meats, potatoes, vegetables, light puddings, etc., are necessary. A raw apple once a day is highly beneficial and so are oranges. Eat regularly, and take plenty of time to thoroughly chew your food before swallowing. “Constipation causes the waste to ferment in the intestines, producing dangerous poisons that are absorbed in the blood, and waste gas in the stomach and bowels. “Give the abdominal muscles plenty of exercise, especially through deep breathing while lying on your back, also by bending over, swinging from side to side, and other simple exercises that give stamina to the muscles of the abdominal tract. Take no cathartics, but where artificial aid is needed, use an enema of a quart of warm water, in which you have placed at least an ounce of glycerine. But even this will not be necessary after you have established regular habits through the continued use of this natural, drugless treatment, which costs you nothing, no matter how long you keep it up.” This course of treatment produced the best results, and thousands of them were mailed out to persons remitting the 50 cents each required for the instructions. Many of these people afterwards sent in unsolicited testimonials as to the benefits they had received from it, and these, as well as the financial returns brought by this plan, afforded its originator a great deal of satisfaction and profit. PLAN No. 154. RAISE A FEW SHEEP A city man who had inherited a 40-acre tract of pasture land from his father’s estate, and whose failing health rendered it necessary for him to get out into the country, concluded that about the only use he could make of this land was to raise a few sheep. He therefore built a cabin on the tract, together with a shed for sheltering the sheep, and bought twenty head of well-bred animals, which he placed in the pasture. This pasture was well seeded in grass, was all fenced and had a fine stream of water running through it from a spring that came out of a small hill upon which the cabin was built. It also contained several shade trees. He had a few hundred dollars in cash, but the living expenses of himself and wife were light, so that his small savings were sufficient for a year or two, especially as they had planted a fine garden with berry bushes, besides plants and shrubs of various kinds, and had also bought a cow and a few dozen chickens, so that the greater part of their living was taken care of. In the meantime their flock of sheep increased rapidly, and the cost of raising them was small in money and labor. This man and his wife were agreeably surprised at the end of the third year to find that their little flock had earned for them over $1,500. That amount has been greatly increased with each succeeding year, and has brought them a larger yearly income than would the highest salaried position in the city. And their health has also been completely restored through the out-door life they have led. PLAN No. 155. MAKING COZY CORNERS Not one woman in ten thousand would ever have thought of the plan which this talented woman living in an eastern city thought out and adopted as a means of earning a very comfortable living, when confronted with the necessity for doing so. Possessing artistic tastes and tendencies, she began by arranging delightful cozy corners for people who were able to pay good prices for the charming effects she designed and produced, yet who lacked the originality to plan them with the delicacy and harmony that characterized her designs. Many of these she originated, while others were taken from the homes of her friends. These she photographed, arranged them in a large album, and carried them from house to house. In most of the homes visited, these designs created a profound impression, owing to their originality and beauty, and when she submitted estimates of the cost of duplicating these, or where desired, of making a special design, which of course included her own services, she usually received an order at once, and soon found she had all the work she could possibly do, at prices that in the aggregate brought her a revenue of several thousand dollars a year. When the cozy corner was finished, she would impress upon the lady of the house the satisfaction it would afford her to have the same photographed, so she could send pictures of it to her friends, and as she was herself an expert with the camera, she earned many extra dollars by making these photos. PLAN No. 156. BRIEFING THE BRIEFS A middle-aged man in a western city, who had practiced law for some years in the middle west, but later drifted into the newspaper business, for the double reason that he liked it better and was more adapted to it, finally took up general publicity work as a profession and soon became recognized as a leader in his line. Although he wrote a great many advertisements for commercial houses, medical specialists, dentists, etc., all of which were rendered usually attractive through their originality of design and their concise and forceful style, he later began to specialize on booklets, prospectuses, etc. He was engaged to prepare the matter for a number of books about to be published, in which field his ability to extract all the salient points from subjects that are often laboriously and voluminously treated, and to condense a long tiresome story into a short and interesting one, found full scope. One day a lawyer friend of his suggested to him that he could find a fertile field for his talents in re-writing the long and tedious briefs which most attorneys submit to the supreme court for review when taking cases before that tribunal on appeal; that lawyers, as a rule, are poor writers and waste much time and effort in the preparation of their briefs, with the result that they are not apt to receive the consideration from supreme court justices that would be accorded a condensed yet accurate statement of the facts, with properly arranged citations of authorities, etc. Profiting by this suggestion, the publicity man called upon many of the lawyers in the city and, after explaining why he believed he could greatly improve their briefs, was given a number to remodel and prepare according to his own ideas both as a lawyer and as a newspaper man. These proved so satisfactory, that he was given much work in that line by several of the leading law firms, and found his time profitably occupied. Several rising young lawyers with political aspirations also engaged his services in the writing of newspaper articles through which their names were brought and kept prominently before the public, with the result that their progress toward a coveted goal was rendered much more rapid, and a number of them are now holding important public positions as a consequence of this well-directed publicity. PLAN No. 157. MAGAZINE CIRCULATING LIBRARY A lady in a western state who had considerable literary ability, yet who had not been successful in having very many of her magazine articles accepted for publication on a cash basis, concluded to try another way of making a little money out of these same periodicals. She offered several of her manuscripts to various publishers in payment for subscription to their magazines, and these offers were as a rule gladly accepted, so that she was constantly in receipt of the latest publications. She had many neighbors who also liked to read magazines, but did not feel able to subscribe for as many as they wanted, and most of them would not borrow them from her. This afforded her an opening to launch her pet scheme of starting a circulating library with her surplus stock of magazines. So she had a number of circular letters typewritten, announcing that for a small monthly rate she would loan all her periodicals to the members, rotating them so that each would have an opportunity to read them all during the month. As the charge was very reasonable, and the benefits to be derived from the plan so great, practically every family within a radius of twenty miles promptly subscribed. The enterprising originator of the plan was thus able not only to bring pleasure to her neighbors, but considerable profit to herself as well, besides the satisfaction of having her neighbors read her own contribution to a number of magazines. PLAN No. 158. MADE MONEY FROM MENDING Capable seamstresses suffering for the lack of work are to be found almost anywhere, yet if they would do as these four western girls did, they could have all the work they wanted, and be well paid for it, too. [Illustration: Plan No. 158. A Stitch in Time Saves Nine] All these girls were fine needlewomen, who could do all kinds of sewing and mending, on all classes of wearing apparel, yet each of them specialized in some particular line. One made a specialty of putting new facings and bindings on dress skirts; another did the mending on underwear; another coats, suits, cloaks, dresses and men’s wear, while the fourth mended laces, gloves, fine table linen and dainty things that women usually throw away when torn, because no one seems able to mend them. The girls roomed together, and they had cards printed, setting forth the class of work they did, and these they took turns in distributing in various parts of the city, often bringing back considerable work as a result of these expeditions. They were not only polite, pleasant and obliging in their manner, but they did the mending so skillfully, and yet so reasonably, that work came to them quite rapidly, so that they soon had all they could do, and in time they set up a regular dressmaking and mending establishment, which grew into such proportions that they were obliged to hire other girls to help them do their work. PLAN No. 159. BEAUTY BAGS FREE A lady who knew how to make a simple, cheap yet very effective beauty bag, advertised in a number of papers that for 25 cents she would send complete information for making the same, and also send one of the beauty bags free. She received hundreds of answers, enclosing 25 cents each, and to these people she sent the following formula, together with one of the bags complete: Get a package of Quaker oats and a yard of cheesecloth; cut the cloth into pieces, 2¹⁄₂x5 inches, and with each of these make a little flat pad, by doubling, once, and overcasting or loosely button-holing two of the three open sides. Fill with the Quaker oats, then overcast the remaining side. On going to bed, fill a basin with warm water and allow the bag to soak a few seconds, or until you see a little milky substance ooze forth. Then use this beauty bag, thus made, as a wash cloth, thoroughly rubbing the face and into every little crevice or wrinkle. Keep moistening the bag as you use it. The effect produced will be surprising, as it leaves the skin soft and clear. But do not use soap, unless you wish to ruin your complexion. The bag will cleanse your face much quicker and much better. The orders continued to come, and the enterprising lady was many hundreds of dollars ahead at the end of the first three months. And still the orders came, for the offer is one that appeals to every woman who wants to improve her looks--and where is the woman who doesn’t? PLAN No. 160. DUSTLESS DUSTERS A Seattle young woman built up a business of her own by making and selling dustless dusters, in two different styles both made of cheesecloth, as follows: One formula: White paraffin oil, 4 pints; cottonseed oil, 1 pint; a little oil of citronella to give it an agreeable odor. Saturate the cloths in this solution, and pass through a clothes wringer to take out the excess of the oil. Put in envelopes to fit. The other formula: One quart of gasoline; 8 ounces of whiting, or, what is better, cilica, 8 ounces; oxalic acid, ¹⁄₈ of an ounce. Thoroughly mix and immerse the cloths, and hang up out doors to dry. Then place in envelope for mailing. Dusters made in this way do not soil the hands, and the dust will stick to the cloth instead of flying everywhere. They do not have to be washed out, but simply shaken. Use the dustless duster the same way as any other duster. It does not injure the finest surface. A few small ads. in the city and other papers offering to send the dustless duster complete for 25 cents, brought answers, and as they gave satisfaction, almost every one sent out brought in from two to half a dozen orders, so that in a short time the young lady was doing a splendid business. PLAN No. 161. COPYING PAD The following directions for making a copying pad were sent out for 10 cents each by a young man in Chicago, to those remitting that amount to him, in answer to an ad. he inserted in a number of newspapers covering wide territory: Take white gelatine, 4 ounces; glycerine 20 ounces. Melt the gelatine in water, then add the glycerine, after warming it, and stir until well mixed. Pour into a pan 10x12 inches square and ¹⁄₂ inch deep. Write your copy on a sheet of paper with ink made of methyl violet, 1 ounce; water, 7 ounces. Put on the stove and heat until dissolved, stirring often. Add hot water, to replace that which evaporates. When dissolved, add 2 ounces of glycerine. Use a new pen in writing. Lay copy face down on the pad, and let it remain two minutes, then take it off. From 50 to 100 copies may be taken by laying blank paper on the impression, and repeating the operation until as many copies as desired have been made. Clean the pad with a wet sponge as soon as you are through copying, and keep it in a dry place. He sold several thousand copies of these instructions, at 10 cents each, and most of this, of course, was clear profit. PLAN No. 162. CLEANING COMPOUND POWDER A compound that will thoroughly clean clothing, gloves, carpets, etc., and that can be sold at a profit for 10 cents a package, is something that everyone wants and that anyone can sell. A young man in Spokane, Washington, who had an excellent formula for a compound of this kind, tried it and found it successful. He put it up with the following ingredients, when making a small amount, and simply increased the amounts of each in proportion as larger quantities were required: Powdered castile soap, 2 pounds; borax powder, 2 ounces; powdered saltpetre, 4 ounces. Mix thoroughly and put up dry in small envelopes, holding about one teaspoonful each. Directions for use: Dissolve the contents of package in hot water, leave stand until cool, and apply a small quantity to affected spot, whether of dirt or grease, then clean with a dry cloth. This compound will not explode, but is harmless and safe to use. Placing a rubber band around either twelve or twenty-four of the packages, he put 500 packages in a small hand-bag, and made a house to house canvass. At each house he would ask the lady if she had any boys or girls. If so, wouldn’t they like to make some money or earn a valuable premium? The answer usually was yes, and he would then leave with the lady as many of the packages as she thought her children could sell at 10 cents each, taking her receipt therefor. He would then go on to the next house, and make the same arrangement. In less than half a day he placed the entire 500 packages in homes for sale, and a week later called and collected for those sold, allowing a cash commission of 2 cents a package, or giving some small, inexpensive premium, whichever was preferred. In most cases the mother would have tried the compound herself, and finding it excellent for cleaning goods of all kinds, she would usually order several more packages. He also placed considerable quantities of the compound in general stores, where it sold readily, and later made it a mail order proposition by advertising it in a list of good papers. PLAN No. 163. SEWING LESSONS FOR CHILDREN Why shouldn’t the little girls begin to learn dressmaking as soon as they are able to use a needle and thread? That is what a Seattle lady thought, and she advertises in the daily papers that she will teach dressmaking to children on certain afternoons of each week for 25 cents a lesson. She already has a large number of pupils, is rapidly enrolling more, and says it is surprising the way the little misses show an interest in the work. PLAN No. 164. CUCUMBER CULTURE A young Irishman, who had a wife and two children, was working as a motorman, at $2.00 a day, and his entire future seemed to be limited to that $14 a week, with no holidays or Sundays off, to allow him to get acquainted with his family. One particular locality on his route impressed him as an ideal place for raising cucumbers to supply the market a few miles away. The prospect looked good to him, but as he had only about $500 in cash, and it would require at least $1,000 to build a greenhouse, the outlook was not especially inviting. Finally, after many efforts, he succeeded in borrowing $1,000, built a greenhouse, and began the culture of cucumbers. He was apt at the business, and the first year he made enough to pay back the $1,000, live well, and have a neat little sum saved besides. Then he borrowed $1,700 more, built another greenhouse, leased more land and at the end of eighteen months was again free from debt. He increased his acreage, enlarged his greenhouses, and began to grow two crops a year, instead of one. He now has thirteen acres of ground all under glass, and owns an establishment free from debt, conservatively valued at $50,000. He made a specialty of cucumber and the marketing of this crop. PLAN No. 165. PALMISTRY BY MAIL There are thousands of people who don’t believe--or at least pretend they don’t--in palmistry as a means of learning what the future has in store, but almost anyone is willing to pay for having the palm of the hand read, either through confidence or curiosity, for “there may be something in it, after all.” Anyway, a lady in a southern city decided it was worth trying, so she sent 50 cents to a New York publisher for a book that revealed about all there is to be known of that science, and made a careful study of this book. She first obtained an electrotype of a very pretty woman’s head,--not her own--and used it on her letter heads, which also bore an assumed but rather fancy name suggestive of the mysterious. She inserted an ad. in several papers, offering to read people’s palms for 50 cents each, and received many answers to this. She had provided herself with a box of carbon impression paper, and to each person replying she mailed a piece of this about 4x8 inches, with instructions to lay the carbon paper on a sheet of plain white paper, on a hard, smooth surface, such as a table, the carbon side next to the white paper, and press the hand firmly down on the back of the carbon paper, so as to get a clean impression of the palm on the white paper, and, when this was done to send the impression, with 50 cents for a reading. She was surprised at the large proportion of those who sent the money, but she gave a very good reading of each palm, and no one seemed to be dissatisfied, for she received no complaints. She had previously sent each one a letter, explaining how the ancient philosophers and others had recognized palmistry as a well established science, and this no doubt had impressed the recipients with the fact that it had much value as a means forecasting the future, as well as relating the past. PLAN No. 166. STARTING A WEEKLY PAPER The journalistic graveyards are full of monuments to the misdirected energy and zeal of aspiring “newspaper men” who had plenty of enthusiasm but lacked experience, or resourcefulness in the matter of ideas. The young fellow, however, of whom we are going to speak had ideas and knew how to put them to practical use. He knew very well that a new weekly newspaper that did not have something besides its own merits to amuse and keep up a local interest would be but a short-lived affair in any community, so he devised a method which he felt sure would create that interest. He employed a thoroughly competent publicity specialist to write him a small book with a catchy title, which he could offer as a premium with each subscription to his paper. The publicity man turned out an interesting piece of work, which he completed in four days, and for which he charged the prospective young publisher $75. A printer charged him $250 for 5,000 copies of these little books, and after giving one of each to 500 new subscribers of his paper, he advertised them in his own and other papers, and sold the remainder at 10 cents each. When the supply was exhausted, he had more of the books printed and continued to sell them until he had realized a profit of $2,000 from them. By this time his weekly newspaper had grown in circulation and advertising value so that it was bringing in a good revenue every year, but he kept on advertising and selling books with good titles, as he found this source of income was well worth the additional effort. PLAN No. 167. MARKETING A PREPARATION By a carefully considered plan of furnishing a number of drug stores with free wrappers for their bottles, boxes, combs, brushes, and a host of other articles which every druggist sells, an enterprising young man who had the formula for a preparation of unusual merit, but with no money with which to push the sale of it, succeeded in getting it so thoroughly advertised in his home city that he was soon able to open a handsomely furnished office and employ a number of assistants to put it up. The preparation was exceptionally good or it would not have brought the “repeat” orders it did. He began his plan by offering free to each druggist 1,000 circulars setting forth the superior qualities of his preparation, these circulars being the proper size for wrapping all ordinary packages that come from drug stores, that is, about 9x9 inches, but with the printed matter set in a space 5¹⁄₂x7¹⁄₂ inches, and at the bottom of each set of circulars the words, “For Sale by,” followed by the name of the druggist using the wrappers and having the preparation for sale. The man who owned the formula thus got his preparation well advertised at practically no expense, while the druggists realized much benefit from it. PLAN No. 168. DEALING IN NUT MEATS You would hardly think that cracking various kinds of nuts and selling the meats would be much of a business, yet a young lady found that it paid her very well, and brought in many dollars during certain seasons of the year. She lived in a section of country where nuts of all varieties were very plentiful, and had noticed the waste in shipping unshelled nuts in bulk to the market. She believed it would save considerable in the way of transportation costs if only the meats were shipped. Besides, the difference in the prices would mean a neat profit to anyone doing the work. Walnuts and hickory nuts were the principal kinds growing in her neighborhood, and these she gathered in great quantities when ripe, removing the outside hulls by pounding them lightly with a stout stick. Providing herself with a good nut cracker and set of picks, besides a dozen or so glass jars, she began cracking the nuts, aiming to extract the meats in halves or as large pieces as possible, and placing them in the jars which, when full, she covered tightly with tops so as to exclude air and dampness, and found that in this way they brought the highest prices in the market. She previously had arranged with a number of bakers and confectioners in the city to take all the nut meats she could supply, and could have sold many more had they been available. To help meet the demand, however, she purchased a few barrels of English walnuts with the shells cracked and packed them as she had done with the others and sold them at profit over their original cost. PLAN No. 169. STARTED A LUNCHEON CLUB Living near a large motion picture studio, a young married woman originated what she called a luncheon club for the purpose of serving the members of the company with a dainty luncheon every day at a moderate cost, yet one that yielded a fair profit to herself. Having obtained the names of the various players from the manager of the studio, she wrote a note to each of them, announcing her plans and inviting them to join her club. The members were to pay a stated price as weekly dues payable in advance, and each could bring a friend at so much per luncheon. Having a good supply of linen, silver, and all the little accessories for personal comfort, she made her purchases with much care, selecting only such materials as were necessary, and writing out a menu each week, which was varied by many combinations that prevented any appearance of sameness from day to day. She soon learned the little whims and preferences of each guest, and made it a point to serve each one with what she liked best. A large number of the girls from the studio joined her club at the very beginning, and each of these members she greeted personally, as a guest, upon her arrival thereby creating a feeling of home-coming that had an excellent effect. She did all the cooking herself, setting out the lunches on small tables intended to accommodate only two guests at a time, and everything about the place she kept scrupulously neat, clean and inviting. Her club became very popular and she soon had all the members she could serve during the luncheon hour. Though she could have charged more, she maintained the reasonable charges established at the beginning and found that the venture paid her a very satisfactory profit. PLAN No. 170. TWO SISTERS SOLD SPECTACLES Two sisters, both stenographers in down-town offices, were having their vacation, and being desirous of making some money at the same time they were resting from their regular work, they were induced, through the advice of a well-informed friend, to take up the selling of spectacles, especially after he had assured them that this was a line in which the receipts were practically all profit. Their friend informed them where they could buy spectacles for about 18 cents a pair, which they could readily sell for $1.00 per pair, and they bought several gross of these, of different magnifying strength, and various styles of frames, together with a black carrying case and a few testing cards, all of which came with the spectacles. These they set upon a high tripod for making an attractive display of their wares, while one of the girls sat upon a high stool behind the tastefully arranged stock of goods. They had secured a good street location, on the inside of a well shaded sidewalk, and began explaining the merits of their spectacles in a quiet, ladylike way, to all who stopped to inquire about them. Their sales averaged about ten pairs a day, or $8.20 clear profit. PLAN No. 171. KEEPING BROOD SOWS “Even $50 to $90 seems a rather big price to pay for a single brood sow,” said an old farmer who had made a success of hog raising, “but let me tell you a little story: “One spring two of my sows farrowed twelve pigs each, and we raised twenty-three of the twenty-four. When they were eight months old, those shoats brought $494.71, but at war-time prices they would have brought a very large sum. “Suppose a young sow produces seventy-five pigs during her life-time, and she may do even better than that. If this sow were owned by a small farmer, he could raise the pigs for almost nothing, and after he has saved out twelve of the best ones as the foundation of a superior herd, he can sell the remaining sixty-three, when they are eight or ten months old, for enough to make a good-sized payment on his farm, and to pay the cost of raising 500 more pigs, besides. “The good breeder must be a good feeder, and he will find that, with ordinary intelligence in the selection and care of his pure-bred stock, he can make more money, and have better meat products, many times over, then he can ever hope for from the ordinary scrub stock. “If farmers will pay more attention to the raising of pure-bred hogs, they will be better off, and be at much less labor and expense, than from any other branch of farming. Let every farmer encourage his boy to have a few blooded pigs of his own, so that he may have the benefit of all the profit they will bring, and boys will not be so anxious to leave the farm as they are now. “I’ve tried it, and I know.” PLAN No. 172. FARM WOMAN’S WAYS OF MAKING MONEY Unlike most farmers’ wives, this woman had plenty of time to devote to various ways of making money, and put a dozen plans into practice, all of which proved productive of good results. Her first plan was to pick arbutus, which she sent to the store of a friend in the city, fresh each day, where it sold readily for 5 or 10 cents a bunch, nearly all profit. PLAN No. 173. HOME-MADE CHRISTMAS CANDY Early in December she made up a lot of nice candy at home, which sold as fast as she could make it for 25 cents a pound, delivered. She made many kinds, and realized a good profit on all of them. PLAN No. 174. GROWING TOMATO PLANTS This she found to be a profitable source of income. She raised the plants from seed, starting to plant about the middle of March, and each 4-cent package of seed produced plants that sold for $4.00. PLAN No. 175. BAKING FOR BUSY PEOPLE Most farm women are very busy, and often find it convenient to have some one do their baking, especially when they have company. This lady would either go to different houses, and do the baking for the families, who furnished their own material, for which she charged 35 cents per hour, or would do the baking at home, using her own materials, and sell the bread, cakes and pies she baked, at good prices to those too busy to do their own baking. PLAN No. 176. TAKING ORDERS FOR DRESS GOODS She arranged with reliable firms in the city to send her samples of all the new dress goods they received each season, and she showed these to the various women in the neighborhood, taking a great many orders for different patterns, on all of which she was paid a commission that amounted to a considerable sum each year. PLAN No. 177. TAKING ORDERS FOR EXTRACTS She makes considerable money each year taking orders for various kinds of extracts, as well as for a popular summer drink, which comes in boxes selling at 25 cents each. The drink is made by dissolving the preparation in water and adding a little sugar. It is a delicious drink, made in a minute. PLAN No. 178. PICKING CRANBERRIES ON SHARES As she lives in the country where cranberries grow in great quantities, she earns many dollars each season by picking cranberries on shares, and her share always sells readily at good prices. PLAN No. 179. GATHERING CHESTNUTS In the fall of the year she gathers chestnuts, which are plentiful in that vicinity, and these she sells at surprisingly high prices, for everybody wants them. PLAN No. 180. PLAYS, AND TEACHES PIANO PUPILS Along with her other accomplishments she is a good pianist. She plays for dances and other gatherings, and gives music lessons to a number of pupils. PLAN No. 181. PRESERVES FLAGROOT Flagroot preserves bring high prices in the cities, and she adds many dollars to her income by gathering, preserving and selling this. PLAN No. 182. MAKING AND SELLING MAY BASKETS Although May Day “comes but once a year,” she manages to turn this anniversary to good account by making and selling the baskets that are a requisite for its observance. PLAN No. 183. RAISING AND SELLING POULTRY But her greatest source of pleasure and profit is poultry raising, her selection and care of birds enabling her to keep only those that produce the most money. PLAN No. 184. MONEY-MAKING FOR WOMEN The wife of a farmer living in the middle west has worked out several plans for making money at home, and finds that they all pay her very well. One plan is to make shades for lamps and electric light globes, of rice and crepe paper, decorating them with water colors, pressed leaves, flowers, holly, etc., and these she sells to her neighbors for 10 cents each as they are very pretty and quite durable, with care. PLAN No. 185. CROCHET AND OTHER PATTERNS She designs pretty patterns in crochet edgings, insertions, medallions and initials, and these she sells at six for 50 cents, through ads. in the local and city papers, delivering them by mail in most cases. PLAN No. 186. HANDKERCHIEFS, COLLARS, CUFFS, ETC. These she makes with rolled hem and crochet edge, and sells them at 25 cents to $1 each. Pop-corn balls rolled in clear syrup she sells at two for 5 cents, while her potato chips bring 5 cents for a small bag. She makes braided or woven rag rugs, white or in colors, with woven or stenciled borders, and sells them for $1.25 and up, while hand-made place cards, favors, etc., bring $1 per dozen. PLAN No. 187. ANNUAL SALES IN PARLOR AND HALL Every year she holds sales in her front room and large hall, and sells pies, cakes, rolls, bread, cookies, doughnuts, plum puddings, fruit cakes, jams, jellies, canned fruits, vegetables, etc., besides her needle-work products, and always clears a handsome sum from these sales. She also takes orders for roast ducks, geese, turkeys, chickens and squabs, and finds a ready sale for all these from all classes of people, at special prices. Many of these are delivered by parcel post, and prove a good source of revenue. PLAN No. 188. OPENED A BEAUTY PARLOR A talented young woman, living in a small western city, wanted to open a beauty parlor, but realizing that she was not familiar with the necessary details of the business, went to a city some distance away and took a course of lessons from a dermatologist in the approved methods of removing wrinkles, moles, birthmarks, freckles, tan, superfluous hair, etc. The course cost her $25. Before leaving the city, however, she also paid $15 for instructions in manicuring, and $10 for the necessary instruments with which to do this class of work in a satisfactory manner. Arriving at her home town she sent personal letters to all the prominent women of the place, inviting them to visit the neat and attractively-fitted-up parlors she had opened in her home, and stating her qualifications for doing the work required. Responses to these letters were numerous, and as the lady did exceptionally good work, her reputation spread rapidly throughout the community, and inside of the first year the net profits she realized from her small-town parlors were greater than those of many similar institutions in the large city. She was both capable and careful in the treatment of her patrons, who became permanent customers and made her plan an unqualified success. PLAN No. 189. MADE A HAND LAUNDRY PAY A man who had some experience in a steam laundry in a city moved to a small town of 2,500 inhabitants and established a hand laundry that in a short time became a paying concern. He had but a few hundred dollars in cash, but found he did not need a great deal. Before leaving the city, he had bought a light collar-and-cuff ironing machine that cost him $50, while $25 more paid for a few little accessories he knew he would need. He rented a store room some distance from the business center, hired a couple of experienced women, and advertised that he would do better work than the steam laundries of the city could do, and at lower prices, calling particular attention to the fact that the machinery in the big laundries tear the clothes to pieces. He also offered to do mending of men’s articles free, and by turning out high-class work from the very first he soon had all the business he could handle. PLAN No. 190. MAKING INKS AND MUCILAGE Everybody uses ink, and most people need mucilage at one time or another, so that the making and selling of these necessary articles afforded a man in a small western town a very good money-making opportunity, which he improved with considerable profit. Books of formulas for making these things can be procured from a number of sources, but the formula for preparing indelible marking ink proved to be one of the most profitable of them all. This ink is made by taking equal parts of green vitriol and cinnabar, powdered as finely as possible, and mixing them with unboiled linseed oil. When strained through a cloth this makes a fine indelible ink, and he found a good demand for it from laundries, department stores and various other places. He employed salesmen to canvass near-by towns, and in a few months had established a permanent and profitable business of his own. The ingredients for these articles cost but little, the labels and bottles being the principal items of expense, and the margin was sufficiently large to justify him in paying a liberal commission to agents. PLAN No. 191. NEWSPAPER CORRESPONDENT In every town, large or small, there are always news items of more or less interest, mainly local, but often of national importance, and the man or woman who can collect these items, put them in readable shape, and send them to the newspapers in the neighborhood cities, or larger towns, can always derive something of an income from this source. The editor of one of the largest and most influential of western dailies thus relates how he began his newspaper career in this manner: “I lived in a town of about 1,000 inhabitants, which did not boast of a weekly newspaper, and yet there were many local happenings that would have been of great interest if published in the city paper, which had a rather extensive circulation in the town. “I wrote to the editor of this paper and offered my services as correspondent from my town. He was glad to secure my services, and offered me a very fair rate of compensation, based upon a certain amount per column. “I made it a point to write only actual and dependable items of news, to clothe them in proper and dignified language, with an occasional dash of humor in those cases where it was not only permissible but added to the force and interest of the article, and my letters were all published just as they were written. “I added other daily newspapers to my list from time to time, and, as these were all sent to me free, I began to absorb the world’s news and soon became well informed on current events. Besides, my income grew until I was doing very well indeed, but when I was offered a position as reporter on this paper I accepted the offer, and have risen steadily until I am now managing editor, a position assured to me as long as I care to hold it.” PLAN No. 192. AN EXCHANGE MART How a man with original ideas established an “exchange mart”--something he had never heard of before--and built up a good business along a novel line, is told by himself as follows: “Knowing the tendency of people to sell what they have and buy or trade for something they haven’t, it occurred to me that I could supply the wants of both classes, and make some money for myself at the same time. “I rented a store room and bought two blank books, one of which I marked “buyers” and the other one “sellers,” and then inserted an ad. in the local paper, asking those who had anything they wanted to sell to come and see me. I ran another ad., to the effect that it would pay those who wanted to buy anything, no matter what, to call upon me. “Before long I had on hand a large assortment of articles of every kind that were for sale--books, furniture, tools, musical instruments--almost everything--and each of these I carefully listed in my sellers’ book, with the name and address of the owner, and the very lowest price at which it could be sold. A number of people also called to ask for certain articles, and if I did not have them I made a note of what was wanted, in my buyers’ book, with the name, address and phone number of the person wishing it, together with the highest price he would pay. Then I advertised for those things to be brought in, and when they came I bought them as cheaply as possible. Next I notified the prospective buyer, who would generally respond promptly and pay the price he had named, or a little more if the article particularly pleased him, and the difference between the seller’s lowest price and the buyer’s highest price was my profit. And this profit amounted to over $2,000 at the end of the first year.” PLAN No. 193. AUTO AND CARRIAGE POLISH Of the many thousands of automobiles in use a great many of them have the varnish worn off or scratched, through carelessness and hard usage, and this fact gave an enterprising young Portland man an idea. He made up a considerable quantity of a fine polish from the following formula: Orange shellac, 30 ounces; Venice turpentine, one ounce; castor oil, one ounce; gum sandarac, one ounce; nigrosine, one ounce; wood alcohol, 9 pints and 6 ounces. These he mixed, and shook them until thoroughly dissolved. This mixture he put up in pint tin cans, with tight-fitting tops, the same as paint cans, pasted an attractive label on each can, gave it a fancy name, and was ready for business. The directions for using were: Remove all dust and dirt with a clean cloth, and apply the dressing to the body of the auto or carriage with a soft camel hair brush, letting it dry thoroughly. At first he took orders for applying the polish to autos himself, but he later decided he could make more money by employing agents to sell it for him. Each can cost but a trifle, and sold readily for $1, so that, after paying the agents liberal commission, he still had a net profit of over 50 cents per can. Later he began to advertise it throughout the country, and in a few months he had built up a mail order business, that netted him a good living. PLAN No. 194. SINGING SONGS THROUGH A MEGAPHONE With a strong, melodious voice, a megaphone, a hand organ in a covered wagon, and a few hundred copies of a popular song, a young man in New York City earned a good living. This young man, standing up in the front part of the wagon, would stop the horse at a crowded corner, place the megaphone to his mouth and, giving a sign to the man manipulating the hand organ in the covered wagon, would commence to sing one of the latest songs of the day. When the crowd became interested, as it always did, he would stop singing, offer the copies of the song, words and music, for 10 cents each. The song sold rapidly, and when the ten minute limit for stopping in one place expired he would start up the horse, move on to another location, probably in the same block, and repeat the performance. PLAN No. 195. A SUBSCRIPTION AGENCY Most magazines, as well as daily and weekly newspapers, are always glad to pay a liberal commission for subscriptions, and some of them offer bonuses besides for good lists of subscribers. A young man in an inland city of the Pacific Northwest, who had a few hundred dollars, fitted up a neat little down-town office--after securing a subscription agency for a number of leading periodicals, made a list of the same in alphabetical order, with columns for the regular price and the price at which he could supply them. If his commission was $1 on a year’s subscriptions, he advertised to send a $4 magazine for $3.60. Where his commission was 80 cents, he deducted 25 cents to his subscribers; if his discount was 40 cents, he would deduct 15 cents from the rate and so on. He issued an attractive circular showing the various discounts he would allow on each subscription to any of the magazines or other publications listed, and sent these circulars to those answering his ads. in a number of papers covering his territory, and was surprised at the number of subscriptions he received through this system of discounts. While each subscription thus saved 10 per cent or more from regular subscription prices, it still left him a neat profit on each, and as the lists he was thus able to send in were quite large, he received enough in bonuses besides the discounts to himself as agent, to make a very comfortable income. PLAN No. 196. PUBLISHING PROGRAMS There is always more or less money to be made in a good advertising plan, and here is one way an elderly newspaper man turned his knowledge of printers ink to good account. Whenever a church or social organization in his town proposed to give an affair or other form of entertainment he would offer to get out a good program for it free of cost to the parties planning the affair, and this offer was always gladly accepted. Sometimes he even offered a percentage of the proceeds for the privilege, and this too, was acceptable. He would get the best figures possible from a number of printers, and let the contract to the one who could do good work for the lowest price. Then he divided the program into small spaces for advertising, which he could easily fill at fair rates, and usually came out with at least 50 per cent profit on the undertaking. There were so many of these programs to be obtained in his town, that he continued this as a regular business, and made an excellent living out of it. PLAN No. 197. CHURCH POST CARDS Any plan that will help to raise money for a church is always gladly welcomed, but a plan that will do this, and at the same time make a fair profit for the originator, must be a “good one.” A young printer in an eastern city inserted the following ad. in a number of religious papers all over the country: “To raise money for your church, send us a photograph of your church or your pastor, and we will send you 500 high-grade post cards, with photo on each card. Sell these at 10 cents each, send us $20, and keep the balance. This is easy, and can be done in a week or less.” The answers came in, the cuts were made from the photos, and the printed cards sent out. The post cards, printed, cost $7, the electro of the photo $3, and the other $10 for each set was net profit. As from two to ten of these were received each day, one may judge as to the profits of the plan, while hundreds of churches were better off to the extent of $25 to $30 for each 500 cards sold. PLAN No. 198. MAKING SACHET POWDERS PAYS WOMAN’S COLLEGE EXPENSES A young lady, who wanted to make some money to help pay for a college course, proceeded to make the money by making sachet powder, her first “batch” amounting to fifty pounds. As a basis for the formula, she used, at various times, powdered starch, fine sawdust, oatmeal, and corn meal, and colored the completed preparation with a small quantity of analine. The powder itself she made as follows: Wheat starch, 6 parts; orris root, 2 parts. Reduce starch to a very fine powder, and mix well with the orris root, then perfume with attar of lemon, attar of bergamot and attar of cloves, using twice as much of the lemon as of the others. This is really a violet sachet powder, but she gave it a fancy, high-sounding name, which added greatly to its selling qualities. By advertising it in a small way, she created a demand for it that required help in making up the powder and filling the orders, and by placing it in a number of drug stores, she succeeded in providing herself with an income far in excess of the cost of a thorough course in the college of her choice. After her graduation, she continued to make these sachet powders, which were mostly profit, and as they were of unquestioned quality, she received a revenue from their sales that paid all her expenses and gave her a nice bank account besides. PLAN No. 199. MAKING CARPET CLEANER A married man, who had endured the horrors of house-cleaning time so often that he knew how that ordeal was dreaded by housewives and husbands alike, felt that he could bring a feeling of peace to thousands of homes, and also bring himself a good income as well, by removing the most formidable of the house-cleaning nightmare, the taking up and cleaning of carpets. Therefore, having a very fair idea of what would be a good thing to use for the purpose, he proceeded to make a carpet cleaning compound, as follows: Powdered Fullers earth, 4 pounds; common salt, 3 pounds; turpentine, ¹⁄₂ pint. These he mixed well, passed through a sieve, and packed in half-pound packages. The entire cost was but a few cents, and the paper boxes and labels added but little to the expense of making it. He used this preparation by sprinkling over a square yard of the carpet at a time, rubbing it with a stiff, dry scrubbing brush, and going over it a second time with a softer brush, after the dirt was removed. The same powder can be used for several squares, until it is too dirty to use. He placed an ad. in the local papers, offering to send a free sample of the cleaner to anyone desiring it, and received many requests asking for samples. The assurance that carpets would not have to be taken up to be cleaned, clinched the argument, and as there was enough of the sample to show what it could do, he received calls for more. Then he employed agents, on a good commission basis, to sell it from house to house, and soon had a demand for it that extended over several states. PLAN No. 200. THEY PICKED BERRIES Owing to the failing health of the husband, a man and his wife went camping in the mountains, just about the time berries were ripe and plentiful, and seeing an opportunity for healthful exercise as well as considerable financial profit, they began an extensive berry-picking campaign. They had taken their bedding, some canvas cots, a stove, and a small tent to use in case of bad weather. They camped near several cool springs, and a mountain stream, from which they caught a great many trout. Impressed with the immense quantities of berries all around them, they went to the nearest town and bought a supply of jars, cans, and glasses, 200 pounds of sugar and had 1,000 labels printed. Then they began their berry picking, canning, preserving and making jams and jellies of the berries at the same time, and sending them to the city hotels. Their products were carefully packed in apple boxes, and went through in fine shape. When they figured up their receipts they amounted to $132, while their total expenses were $40, leaving them a net profit of $92, besides an enjoyable vacation. This proved the possibilities to this work, and this couple continued to put up more berries and received in return for their work a good living. PLAN No. 201. WROTE A CHURCH HISTORY A former newspaper man, living in a western town of 10,000 people, became impressed with the importance of a well written church history, and suggested the idea to the pastors of several of the local churches. They approved the plan and promised him their support and co-operation. Selecting one of the leading churches he interviewed the members, and from them obtained information concerning the history of the organization, past and present, with a complete list of the membership, as well as the names of those who had died since the church’s organization. Many interesting personal sketches of the older members were obtained and a review of the early struggles through which the society had passed in its infancy. Usually a photograph of the church itself, as well as those of the pastor and a number of the more prominent members, were included in the book, while all the auxiliary organizations of the church were given considerable prominence. The book was well printed, and sold readily to the members and friends of the church, at a price which netted the author a good profit. Having succeeded so well with this church, he proceeded to write histories of other churches in the town, and later extended his work to other communities. It paid him so well that he has made it his business. PLAN No. 202. A LIQUID GLYCERINE SOAP He was a $10-a-week drug clerk, in a small Nebraska town, but he had ideas and formulas of much merit, and one of the latter was that for making a superior liquid glycerine soap, as follows: Best soft soap, 7¹⁄₂ ounces; tincture of soap bark, 3¹⁄₂ ounces; glycerine, 1 ounce. Put into a vessel and warm gently until dissolved, then add a dash of some selected perfume. Then strain and make up to 12 fluid ounces by adding the necessary amount of warm distilled water. The soap used in compounding this should be the best transparent kind. A trip to the nearest city revealed the fact that the agents of office buildings, large factories, department stores, etc., were greatly in need of this product, to be used in their sanitary toilet equipment, and would pay good prices for it. In the course of a week, he took orders for several hundred dollars worth and then placed it on sale in the drug stores, at the same time notifying his patrons and the public in general to that effect. That was ten years ago, and today that former cheap drug clerk is the owner of one of the best pharmacies in the city. PLAN No. 203. MAKING AIR PENCILS Air-pencils used in writing show cards and for other purposes can be made at home very cheaply, and sold at considerably less than the kind one buys at paint stores, and elsewhere, at the same time yielding a good profit, and a young man, who did card-writing for a Minneapolis department store, figured out a way to make them. At a drug store he bought a white rubber syringe bulb, No. 3 size, open at one end only, and cut off the neck down to the bulb part. Then he got a small oil can, of the size used for sewing machines, etc., and cut off the screw or thread part of this. He inserted this in the bulb of the syringe, and secured it with a fine wire twisted about the neck of the bulb. He then screwed the nozzle of the oil can into the neck, and the air-pencil was complete. To fill the air-pencil, he unscrewed the nozzle from the neck of the bulb, pressed the bulb partly together, placed the neck or mouth of the bulb in the lettering mixture, and released his hold on the bulb, thus filling it by suction. Then he inserted the nozzle in the bulb, and was ready to begin lettering. Whenever he was through using the air-pencil, he rinsed the bulb out thoroughly, with water, as the lettering mixture, if left in, would soon harden and render the pencil useless. This home-made pencil worked so perfectly that he decided to make a number of them for sale, and did so, getting good price concessions on both bulbs and cans when buying a good many at a time. Having made up about 200 of the air-pencils, he advertised them in a journal devoted to department stores, and sold the entire lot from the first ad. Receiving calls for more, he made them up in larger quantities, and, offering them at about three-fourths the regular prices, sold several thousand of them at a very good profit. PLAN No. 204. PROFIT FROM AN AIR-PENCIL A young card writer in Los Angeles, who had bought an air-pencil for doing his work, after becoming thoroughly familiar with its use, concluded to take orders for various kinds of work from the city merchants, and follow this as a special line. Aside from lettering show cards and the like, he also did considerable work in objects, done in relief with leaves, flowers, scrolls and other designs. He also did considerable work in home decorations, such as vases, flower pots, panels, picture frames, and other made designs, such as “Merry Christmas,” “Home, Sweet Home,” “Happy New Year,” and other placards, for which he found a ready sale. The materials used were alabastine, bronze, flitters, diamond dust and analine coloring powders; white and colored cardboard of all sizes; white wood, glass, and metal ware, used to some extent for expensive pieces of work. He utilized many new and original ideas in his work, and showed remarkable taste and talent in execution. An idea of his profits may be gained from the statement that plain lettered card signs that cost him from 1 to 8 cents to produce, he sold for 15 to 20 cents, while those more elaborately made with diamond dust, flitters, gold and silver lettering, costing 2 to 6 cents each, brought him from 20 to 50 cents each. Mottoes, finely executed, sold for 75 cents to $1 each. In many cases he gave instructions in lettering and sold outfits for doing the work at $2 to $3 each, and made considerable from that source. For making his lettering waterproof, he used two parts alabastine, 1 part flour, 1 part linseed oil, stirring them well, then quickly adding cold water. For the work thus treated he made an additional charge that paid its cost many times over. PLAN No. 205. A HOME-MADE WATER FILTER An old gentleman living in a western town of 5,000 people, unable to do hard work, but obliged to earn his own living, hit upon a plan that brought him a small income upon which he could live with comfort. His plan was to make a simple water filter; and, as the local water supply was not of the best, he sold all he could make. Taking a small wooden pail, not painted on the inside, he bored a hole in the bottom and covered the bottom of the pail with flannel. Then he put in a layer of coarsely powdered charcoal to a depth of 2 inches, then a 8-inch layer of coarse sand, and on top of this a 8-inch layer of coarse powdered limestone. Setting the pail over a jar, he allowed the water from the faucet to drip slowly into the pail, where it was thoroughly filtered before going into the jar, and was therefore perfectly safe for drinking. This first filter he sold for 75 cents, and with the profits on this sale he bought several more of the pails and a quantity of the charcoal, with a few yards of flannel, and made these up as before. The people of his town were glad to get so good a filter for that price and he supplied several hundred families, and his net profits were sufficient to maintain him. He is now making filters for other towns. PLAN No. 206. CONDENSED MILK A poor widow, living in a small southern city, was practically dependent upon a splendid cow, which gave more milk than she and her few customers could use. She therefore conceived the idea of converting this surplus into condensed milk that would keep for an indefinite period, and bring good prices when shipped to city customers by parcel post. Taking 10,000 parts of fresh milk, 50 parts of white sugar, and 2 parts of carbonate of soda, she placed all in a porcelain vessel, and with constant stirring evaporated by heat of vapor bath at 140 to 160 degrees to the consistence of a thick paste. Placing this paste in small glass jars, she sold it readily at fair prices, and realized a good profit from its sale. One pint of this paste is equal to ten pints of fresh milk, and being a distinctively country product of assured purity and cleanliness brought a good living to this woman. PLAN No. 207. A NEWSPAPER MAN’S PLAN He published a weekly newspaper in a field that was covered by one of the papers of a large city about thirty miles away, and he was very desirous of showing a special service to the people in his community. He made it a point to find out the people who came into the city, and to ascertain this early. So each morning he went to the Water Department of his city and obtained the names and addresses of parties who had water turned on, and from this information, made a statement in his paper concerning each person’s arrival. When the paper was published, he sent a boy around to get the newcomer’s subscription. When there was a refusal, the boy was instructed to say: “Well, the editor desired you to have a copy anyway, so I will leave this copy.” The new arrival, upon reading over the paper, found his name mentioned, and on his next call the boy easily secured a subscriber. This is an excellent way for a person running a small paper close to a large city to build up his subscription list. This man succeeded to the extent of seven or eight hundred dollars a year. PLAN No. 208. PERFUMED BAGS FOR THE BATH The delights of the bath are increased 100 per cent by the use of a perfumed bath bag, which a druggist friend made up as follows: Fine oatmeal, 4 pounds; bran, 1 pound; powdered castile soap, 1 pound; powdered orris, ¹⁄₂ pound. Mix well together and tie up in muslin bags, of any desired tint, and fasten with ribbon or silk. Each bag contained about one pound of the mixture, and sold readily at 25 cents each. Anyone can make considerable money by making and selling these. PLAN No. 209. VINEGAR MADE PROM STRAWBERRIES Thoroughly mash a quantity of ripe strawberries into a paste, and let stand for 24 hours. Then press out the juice and let it stand for a few days, to ferment and to allow the slimy contents to separate. Then filter the juice and put into clean, well-closed bottles, and put in a cool place, where it will keep a long time. Added to good cider vinegar, when ready to use, it makes an excellent flavoring. It was cheap and easy to make, and profitable to sell. PLAN No. 210. CANNED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES While Mr. Farmer devoted his time and attention to the larger operations of general farming, his wife made a profitable side issue of such subsidiary lines as the orchard, the garden and the poultry yard, in all of which the products were of the highest order. Buying Mason jars in large quantities, at a practically wholesale price, she utilized these in the canning of fruits, berries and vegetables, as they keep longer and look better when put up in this way, and bring much higher prices. While her specialty was tomatoes, she also canned peas, beans, carrots, beets, turnips, parsnips, sweet potatoes, squash, pumpkins, sweet corn, shredded cabbage, brussels sprouts, and many other products of that kind, and they retained their original flavor and appearance throughout the entire year, if kept beyond the winter season. Of fruits, she canned peaches, pears, apples, cherries, blueberries, blackberries, raspberries and strawberries, put up in their syrup for making pies and puddings as well as for general table uses. Hundreds of city people gladly purchased these canned fruits and vegetables, and though she sold them at prices lower those asked for inferior grades in the market, she still netted a good profit from all her products. PLAN No. 211. PICKLES AND RELISHES PRESERVED She made immense quantities of the most delicious pickles and relishes. She made these from the very best recipes she could procure anywhere, and the product was so excellent that she was proud to have it known that it was due to her own skill in making everything just right. The pickles and relishes she made of green tomatoes, and the profit on them even at her reasonable prices were great. Pickled cucumbers, cabbage, celery, onions, cauliflower, beets, beans, and a score of other garden growths, took up a large portion of her time and brought large returns, while chow-chow, pickalillie, and other appetizing relishes were in demand. Like the famous “Pin-Money Pickles” of a southern woman who started on nothing, Snider’s Catsup, which was launched in a small way by a wife, and Heinz’s fifty-seven varieties, this farm lady’s articles were popular because she turned out only good products. PLAN No. 212. HER POULTRY PLAN An Ohio farm woman had learned, through experience, that there is no profit in scrubby poultry; that these birds eat as much as the high grade, and bring only the lowest prices in the market. She therefore weeded out the mongrels and substituted pure-breds. Instead of selling common eggs at the corner grocery for 20 cents a dozen, she was soon selling settings at $2.50 to $6, and had a fine lot of high-grade cockerels which not only matured early but showed greater size and bulk, and brought more per pound than the common ones. She also dealt in the best strains of ducks, geese, turkeys, etc., and these were very productive of cash returns, also. A few ads. in farm and poultry journals brought many orders for pure-bred poultry and eggs. PLAN No. 213. SELLS FLOWERS AND GARDEN SEEDS This enterprising woman would never plant a seed of any kind except the very choicest variety, and the result was seen in the superior products of her orchard and garden. Not content with even this showing, she was continually experimenting in the cross-breeding of the most select specimens of plants, flowers, vegetables and fruits. For instance, through these methods she developed a climbing tomato vine. This vine was a thing of beauty and a wonderful producer, and she received big prices for a few seeds, as everyone who saw it was anxious to have some of the same kind in their own garden. Her sales from garden seeds alone often brought her as high as $500 in a single year. PLAN No. 214. BEE-KEEPING One would think this farmer’s wife would be busy enough without adding to her long list of home industries, but she realized that real honey is a luxury, for which people will pay good prices, so she installed a few colonies of bees and, with her usual thoroughness in all matters pertaining to the productiveness of the farm, she gave them that degree of care which is necessary in order to secure the best results. That orchard and garden proved a veritable paradise for the bees, and they well repaid their favorable surroundings with a yield of choice honey that not only supplied all the family needs but furnished several hundred pounds for sale at high prices every fall. As the colonies increased, so did the revenue they brought, and as but little labor or expense was involved in their keep, they returned very large profits. PLAN No. 215. PICKLED PLUMS Having a number of plum trees in the orchard that were loaded with fruit, she sold 800 or 1,000 pounds of them at good prices, and still having more of them than she could use, she pickled them, as follows: To every 7 pounds of plums, add 4 pounds of sugar and 2 ounces each of cinnamon stick and cloves, 1 quart vinegar and a little mace. Scald the vinegar and sugar together and pour over the plums. When the jar is full, scald all together, and they are then ready for use. One taste of these always made people want more. PLAN No. 216. HOME-MADE FIRELESS COOKERS Only those who have used fireless cookers can have any adequate conception of their practical value, or realize the manifold advantages their use affords. But fireless cookers, as they are made and sold today, are prohibitive in price to many people, costing, as they do, from $12 to $30 each, according to the number of “burners,” and thousands who would be glad to have them are obliged to go without. It was an intimate knowledge of this condition that prompted an enterprising citizen in California to supply these people with fireless cookers which he could make in his own woodshed, and supply them at less than one-third the prices asked for the “boughten” ones. Anyway, he decided to make a few and see what could be done in the matter of sales. He purchased a quantity of lumber one inch thick, and this he cut up into sufficient lengths to make wooden boxes 18 inches wide, 16 inches deep, and 18, 30 and 40 inches in length, with a hinged cover of the same materials as the sides, ends and bottoms of the boxes. The 18-inch boxes were for one burner, the 30-inch for two burners, and the 40-inch for 3-burner cookers. He placed a thick layer of excelsior all around the inside of the box, holding this in place with burlap, long, slender nails being driven through the burlap and excelsior into the wood of the sides and ends, while a thick cushion of burlap and excelsior was made to fit over the tops of the kettles, and cushions of the same kind, made in circular form, to fit closely around each kettle as it set in the box. The bottom of the box was also fitted with a thick cushion of the same material. On this bottom cushion was laid a thick piece of soapstone, upon which the kettles rested, and this, when heated on top of the stove or range upon which the food in the kettles had been partially cooked, completed the cooking and retained the heat for an indefinite period. The air spaces left in the corners next to the circular cushions, he filled with excelsior. He made arrangements with a wholesale hardware house for a special price on granite kettles of the proper size, in lots of 100 or more, so as to avoid the misfits that would result when housewives attempted to fit their own kettles into the circular spaces made to hold them, and he was thus able to make them uniform in size. In order to first test the merits of his product, he made one of the 3-burner cookers and gave it a thorough trial in his own home. The demonstration was most convincing, and proved that the fireless cooker which he could turn out at a cost of not to exceed $3, was just as practical and effective as those made by the large manufacturers. The 1-burner cookers, which cost him $2 to make, he decided to sell for $5; the 2-burner kind, costing him $2.50, at $7, and the 3-burner ones, that cost him $3, including the kettles, at $8. He began by thoroughly canvassing his own town, and was surprised at the large number of orders received. The income from this work afforded him a very good living. PLAN No. 217. CIVIL SERVICE AS A CAREER SCOPE OF THE CIVIL SERVICE LAW For the following valuable information we are indebted to the Federal Board for Vocational Education. This article was prepared by Herbert E. Morgan, of the United States Civil Service Commission, at the request of Charles H. Winslow, Chief of the Research Division of the Federal Board for Vocational Education. Acknowledgment is due to Dr. John Cummings, of the Research Division, for editorial assistance. The adoption of a career is always a matter of great importance. To the discharged soldier, sailor, or marine who, through force of circumstances, must “begin again,” the particular place he will fill in the great army of the world’s workers is probably his chief concern. The purpose of this little pamphlet is to inform, in a general way, the men who made sacrifices in order that the world might remain a decent place to live in, as to what the United States Government has to offer in the civil branch in the way of employment for those who seek it, and the conditions under which it may be obtained. THE GOVERNMENT A LARGE EMPLOYER Our government is the largest employer in the world. The limits of its activities are those of the field of human endeavor. Before the United States entered the war nearly 500,000 persons were employed in the Federal civil service, about 300,000 of whom occupied positions classified under the civil-service law and rules. Of course the service was greatly expanded to meet the demands of war conditions. In a normal year about 40,000 appointments are made in the classified civil service. About one-tenth of the positions in the Federal civil service are in Washington, D. C., the balance being distributed throughout the country. On January 16, 1883, Congress passed what is known as the civil service law. This act created the United States Civil Service Commission. The fundamental purpose of the law is to establish in the parts of the service covered by its provisions a merit system whereby selection for appointment shall be made upon the basis of demonstrated relative fitness without regard to political, religious, or other such considerations. To carry out this purpose a plan of competitive examinations is prescribed. The term “classified service” indicates the parts of the service within the provisions of the civil service law and rules requiring appointments therein to be made upon examination and certification by the Civil Service Commission unless especially excepted from competition; the term “unclassified service” indicates the parts of the service which are not within those provisions and therefore in which appointments may be made without examination and certification by the commission. Under the law, positions of mere unskilled laborer and positions to which appointment is made by the President, subject to confirmation by the Senate, are in the unclassified service. Unskilled laborers in all branches of the service in some localities and in certain branches of the service in all localities are filled through competitive examination under regulations promulgated by the President. Included in the classified service are positions in or under the departments and offices at Washington, D. C., the Custodian Service, the Customs Service, the Engineer Department at large, the Freedman’s Hospital, the Forest Service, the Government Printing Office, the Immigration Service, the Indian Irrigation and Allotment Service, the Indian Service, the Internal Revenue Service, the Land Office Service, the Lighthouse Service, the Mint and Assay Service, the National Military Park Service, the Navy Yard Service, the Ordnance Department at large, the Panama Canal Service, the Post Office Service, the Public Health Service, the Quartermaster Corps, the Reclamation Service, the Rural Delivery Service, the Railway Mail Service, St. Elizabeths Hospital, the Steamboat Inspection Service, the Subtreasury Service, the United States Penitentiary Service; and the position of fourth-class postmaster, except in Alaska, Canal Zone, Guam, Hawaii, Philippine Islands, Porto Rico and Samoa. CHARACTER OF EXAMINATIONS Where, in the opinion of the Civil Service Commission, such an examination is practicable and desirable, applicants are assembled in examination rooms in certain specified places, conveniently located throughout the country, for written scholastic tests. In many cases, however, the competitors are not required to assemble for a written examination, but are graded upon their training and experience and, where necessary, upon their physical condition. These so-called nonassembled examinations are given for two general classes of positions, viz: (1) Mechanical trades and similar positions, and (2) high-grade technical, professional, and scientific positions, and administrative positions which can not adequately be filled by promotion and for which the Government requires men whose fitness is demonstrated in a record of successful experience. In such examinations, competitors are rated upon the sworn statements in their applications and upon corroborative evidence gathered by the Civil Service Commission. In some examinations of this character, these, published writings of the applicant, and the like are considered. Applicants for positions of mere unskilled laborer are given a physical examination only. In all cases the examinations are practical and are designed to test the qualifications of the applicant for the particular kind of work for which he applies. The commission’s system of rating insures a fair and impartial judgment of the relative merits of applicants. NUMBER AND DIVERSITY OF EXAMINATIONS HELD The vast range of the activities of the Government requires employees in many parts of the country and with widely differing qualifications. Examinations are held by the Civil Service Commission for all kinds and classes of positions, from mere unskilled laborer to the highest grades of technical, professional, and scientific positions. It is not practicable to name in this publication all of the hundreds of occupations which exist in the Federal civil service, but the list of positions for which examinations have recently been held by the Civil Service Commission will convey a fair idea of the broad scope of the opportunities offered by the civil service. DEFINITE INFORMATION CONCERNING PENDING EXAMINATIONS There is seldom a time when examinations of less than 100 different kinds are open. Definite information as to the kinds, dates, and places of current examinations may be obtained from any representative of the Civil Service Commission or by writing to “The United States Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C.” In any request for information made by mail the inquirer should state in general terms his desire and qualifications in order that his inquiry may be answered intelligently. The organization of the Civil Service Commission consists of approximately 3,000 local boards of examiners in every part of the country, reporting to district secretaries in 12 civil-service districts, all under the supervision and direction of the commission at Washington. The local boards of examiners have their offices in the post office or customhouse in each city in the country that has house-to-house delivery of mail and in some smaller cities that do not have such delivery. The district secretaries are located as follows: Secretary first United States civil service district, customhouse, Boston, Mass. Secretary second United States civil service district, customhouse, New York, N. Y. Secretary third United States civil service district, post office, Philadelphia, Pa. Secretary fourth United States civil service district, Sixth and G Streets NW., Washington, D. C. Secretary fifth United States civil service district, post office, Atlanta, Ga. Secretary sixth United States civil service district, post office, Cincinnati, Ohio. Secretary seventh United States civil service district, post office, Chicago, Ill. Secretary eighth United States civil service district, post office, St. Paul, Minn. Secretary ninth United States civil service district, old customhouse, St. Louis, Mo. Secretary tenth United States civil service district, customhouse, New Orleans, La. Secretary eleventh United States civil service district, post office, Seattle, Wash. Secretary twelfth United States civil service district, post office, San Francisco, Calif. All district and local boards of examiners are supplied currently with announcements of examinations and are fully informed concerning civil service matters generally. Discharged soldiers, sailors, and marines, as well as all other citizens, are advised to keep in touch with the boards of examiners in their respective communities in order that they may be informed as to opportunities for employment. Those who live in communities in which the Civil Service Commission is not represented may obtain information at any time by writing to the nearest district secretary or to the commission at Washington. MECHANICAL TRADES POSITIONS Local boards of examiners for certain branches of the service receive applications for some positions, principally mechanical trades and similar positions and positions of unskilled laborer. Local boards of this class are located at navy yards and naval stations, at ordnance plants, at district headquarters of the Engineer Department of the Army, at headquarters of lighthouse districts, at projects of the Indian Irrigation and Allotment Service, and at projects of the Reclamation Service. Information relative to position which are open in any particular establishment may be obtained by communicating with the secretary of the local board of civil service examiners at the establishment. The locations of the various establishments of the services named will be furnished upon request by any district secretary or by the commission at Washington. PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS The civil service regulations specify certain physical defects which will debar from all examinations and other defects which will debar from certain examinations. These regulations are based upon the requirements of the service as established by the several departmental heads. The general regulations provide that the following defects will debar persons from any examination: Insanity, tuberculosis; paralysis; epilepsy; seriously defective sight of both eyes which can not be corrected by glasses; loss of both arms or both legs; loss of arm and leg; badly crippled or deformed hands, arms, feet or legs; uncompensated valvular disease of the heart; locomotor ataxia; cancer; Bright’s disease; diabetes. Defective hearing will also debar from examination if the duties of the position are such that the defective hearing of the employee would be likely to result in injury to himself or his fellow workers or would otherwise impair his efficiency. Other physical defects may debar persons from certain examinations. Announcements of examinations specify the additional physical requirements if any are provided. _On April 16, 1919, the President authorized, on the recommendation of the Civil Service Commission, an amendment to the civil-service rules which permits the Commission to exempt from physical requirements established for any position a disabled and honorably discharged soldier, sailor, or marine upon the certification of the Federal Board for Vocational Education that he has been specially trained for and has passed a practical test demonstrating his physical ability to perform the duties of the class of positions in which employment is sought._ PREFERENCE IN APPOINTMENT An act of Congress, approved March 3, 1919, provides as follows: “That hereafter in making appointments to clerical and other positions in the executive departments and independent governmental establishments preference shall be given to honorably discharged soldiers, sailors, and marines, and widows of such, if they are qualified to hold such positions.” The foregoing provision applies only to appointments in the departmental service at Washington, D. C. Section 1754 of the Revised Statutes provides that persons honorably discharged from the military or naval service _by reason of disability resulting from wounds or sickness incurred in the line of duty_ shall be preferred for appointments to the civil offices, provided they are found to possess the business capacity necessary for the proper discharge of the duties of such offices. Section 1754 applies to all branches of the service, in Washington, D. C., and in the country at large. It does not authorize the waiving of physical requirements. Persons who are entitled to preference under the statutes must qualify for appointment by passing the usual entrance examinations. RESTORATION TO ELIGIBLE REGISTERS An act of Congress, approved March 1, 1919, provides as follows: “That the period of time during which soldiers, sailors, and marines, both enlisted and drafted men, who, prior to entering the service of their country, had a civil service status, and whose names appear upon the eligible list of the Civil Service Commission, shall not be counted against them in the determination of their eligibility for appointment under the law, rules and regulations of the Civil Service Commission now in effect, and at the time of demobilization their civil service status shall be the same as when they entered the service.” REINSTATEMENT IN CIVIL SERVICE OF MEN WHO LEFT TO BEAR ARMS An Executive order of July 18, 1918, provides as follows: “A person leaving the classified civil service to engage in the military or naval service of the Government during the present war with Germany and who has been honorably discharged, may be reinstated in the civil service at any time within five years after his discharge, provided that at the time of reinstatement he has the required fitness to perform the duties of the position to which reinstatement is sought.” An act of Congress, approved February 25, 1919, provides as follows: “That all former Government employees who have been drafted or enlisted in the military service of the United States in the war with Germany shall be reinstated on application to their former positions, if they have received an honorable discharge and are qualified to perform the duties of the position.” SOME MEN WHO HAVE MADE GOOD In the Government service, as in private employ, unusual ability is rewarded by more rapid promotion. As indicating that opportunity is not lacking in Government offices for those who possess brains and ambition, a few examples, selected from a large number of similar cases, may be mentioned: In the Department of Labor an employee now receiving a salary of $3,000 a year entered the Government service as a compositor in the Government Printing Office at $3.20 a day. Another, in the same department and receiving the same salary, started as a clerk at $1,000. An assistant to the Secretary of Labor, who is paid $5,000 a year, entered the service in 1906 as a stenographer at $900. This employee, as well as one who was appointed at $1,000 and who now receives $4,000, studied law while in the service, attending the evening classes held by one of the several universities in Washington. A former Chinese inspector, appointed at $1,440 in 1903, also studied law and by successive promotions has attained a salary of $4,500 a year. The present Solicitor for the Department of State entered that department as a law clerk at $1,600 a year in 1909. His present salary is $5,000 a year. The Department of the Interior pays $4,000 a year to one of its employees who entered the service as a copyist at $900. A messenger boy in the Post Office Department, appointed in 1903, now holds a position in another department which pays $5,000 a year. An employee of the Department of Agriculture now receiving $4,000 a year started in 1904 as a clerk-stenographer-typist at $1,000. In the same department there is an instance of a rise from assistant messenger at $480 a year in 1906 to assistant to the Secretary at $3,300 a year at the present time. In the Treasury Department are two employees who rose, one from $720 and the other from $1,800 a year, to positions in that department paying $6,000 a year. The Interstate Commerce Commission has afforded the opportunity to a number of civil-service employees to secure advancement to positions paying $5,000 a year. These instances could be multiplied many times. No attempt has been made to cover all the departments and bureaus; the selections have been made from large numbers of equally interesting cases. Aside from the excellent opportunities for advancement in the Government service, many men have received training in Government establishments which has qualified them to hold positions paying as high as $12,000 a year, and even more, in private employ. It is human to measure success by standards of money, but, of course, pecuniary reward represents only a certain kind of success. Achievement, work well done, whatever it may be, is success. The civil service of the United States offers a wide field of opportunity where individual tastes may be developed and where real constructive work may be done. Its offices, laboratories, and workshops are equipped with modern appliances. Its libraries receive currently the books and periodicals needed by the worker in his effort to keep abreast of his fellows. Its working hours and vacation periods permit the worker to live while he works, and he works better in consequence. The civil service has much to commend it to the discharged soldier, sailor, or marine, or any other citizen who seeks work. PARTIAL LIST OF EXAMINATIONS HELD FOR THE FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICE The following list of positions for which examinations have recently been held by the Civil Service Commission will serve to illustrate the great number and variety of the occupations existing in the Federal civil service. No attempt has been made to give a complete list, for it would not be feasible to do so in this publication. Practically every occupation is represented in the offices, laboratories, and workshops of the Government. It should not be understood that examinations are now open for all of the positions included in the list. Definite information relative to current examinations may be obtained from the secretary of the local board of civil-service examiners at the post office or customhouse in any of 3,000 cities or from the United States Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C. The entrance salaries named are those which were offered when the examinations were announced. Higher or lower salaries may be offered when the examinations are announced again. ================================================+===================== Position |Usual entrance salary ------------------------------------------------+--------------------- Accountant, Federal Trade Commission-- | Grade I |$2,500-$3,600 a year. Grade II |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Accounting, commission-house, assistant in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Accounting and office management, investigator | in |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Accounting and statistical clerk |$1,200-$1,620 a year. Accounts, examiner of, Interstate Commerce | Commission-- | Grade I |$2,220-$3,000 a year. Grade II |$1,860-$2,100 a year. Actuary |$2,500-$3,500 a year. Adjuster, sewing-machine |$1,200 a year. Aeronautical draftsman |$4-$5.04 a day. Aeronautical engineer |$3,600 a year. Aeronautical engineering draftsman |$1,500-$2,000 a year. Aeronautical expert aid |$13 a day. Aeronautical mechanical draftsman |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Agent, special, qualified as Latin-American | trade expert |$3,000 a year. Statistical |$1,400 a year. Agricultural assistant |$1,400-$1,600 a year. Agricultural economics, assistant in |$1,800-$2,280 a year. Agricultural education-- | Assistant in |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Special agent for |$3,000-$3,500 a year. Specialist in |$3,000 a year. Agricultural inspector (Philippine) |$1,200-$1,400 a year. Agricultural technology, laboratory aid in |$720-$1,080 a year. Agriculture-- | Dry-land, assistant in |$1,200-$2,000 a year. Scientific and practical, expert in |$2,500 a year. Agriculturist, assistant |$2,040-$2,520 a year. Agriculturist in extension work |$1,800-$2,750 a year. Agriculturist and field agent |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Agronomy, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Agrostologist, assistant |$1,600-$2,040 a year. Aid-- | Aeronautical, expert |$13 a day. Bureau of Standards |$600-$720 a year. Chemist’s |$720-$1,200 a year. Coast and Geodetic Survey |$1,000-$1,300 a year. Division of Plants, National Museum |$1,200 a year. Electrical and mechanical, expert |$6 a day. Senior |$12 a day. Electrical, expert |$4-$6 a day. Field station |$720-$1,000 a year. Geologic |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Laboratory, agricultural technology |$720-$1,080 a year. Lighthouse Service |$1,020 a year. Pharmacological |$900-$1,200 a year. Qualified in chemistry |$600-$840 a year. Engineering |$600-$840 a year. Radio work |$600 a year. Radio, expert |$9.04 a day. Topographic |$480-$900 a year. Analyst-- | Valuation-- | Grade I |$3,600-$5,000 a year. Grade II |$1,800-$3,300 a year. Anatomist |$1,600 a year. Anesthetist |$1,200 a year. Animal husbandry, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Apicultural assistant |$1,400-$1,600 a year. Apple insect investigations, specialist in |$1,800 a year. Appraiser, land-- | Junior |$900-$1,500 a year. Senior |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Apprentice-- | Draftsman |$480-$720 a year. Draftsman and photographer |$600-$900 a year. Electrical engineer |$720-$960 a year. Fish-culturist |$600-$960 a year. Laboratory |$480-660 a year. Map printer, assistant |$360 a year. Map engraver |$1.25 a day. Plate cleaner |$600 a year. Plate cleaner, transferrer and engraver |$600 a year. Shop |$720 a year. Arboriculture, dry-land, assistant in |$900-$1,500 a year. Architect-- | Barn |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,680 a year. Landscape |$2,400 a year. Senior |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Artist, botanical |$900 a year. Assayer, assistant |$1,200 a year. Assistant-- | Assay Laboratory |$1,200 a year. Bureau of Fisheries |$2,400 a year. Electrical |$1,200 a year. Research |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Technical |$3.50 a day. Test |$6.48 a day. Assistant chief, Office of Markets and Rural | Organization |$4,000 a year. Assistants, research and special agents |$1,200-$1,680 a year. Attendant-- | Hospital |$180-$360 a year.[1] Laboratory |$660 a year. Attorney, Interstate Commerce Commission |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Bacteriologist |$1,440-$2,500 a year. Dairy |$1,800-$2,220 a year. Junior |$1,440-$1,740 a year. Philippine Service |$2,000-$2,250 a year. Sanitary |$1,500 a year. Baker, Indian Service |$480-$600 a year. Band leader and instructor |$720-$1,000 a year. Bee handler |$1,000 a year. Biochemist, assistant |$2,000 a year. Biological assistant |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Biologist, assistant |$3,000 a year. Qualified in economic ornithology |$1,200-$1,400 a year. Systematic botany |$1,400 a year. Blacksmith |$1,080-$1,320 a year. Boilermaker, master |$6.72 a day. Boilers, local and assistant inspector of |$2,100-$2,500 a year. Bookbinder |60 cents an hour. Bookbinder and accountant |$1,000-$1,500 a year. Bookkeeper |$900-$1,200 a year. Bookkeeper |$1,800 a year. Bookkeeper and accountant, radio assistant |$1,200 a year. Bookkeeper-typewriter |$900-$1,200 a year. Botanist |$1,700 a year. Brickmaker, foreman |$1,200 a year. Builder, automobile body |$1,000 a year. Business administration, clerk qualified in |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Business manager, assistant to |$1,800 a year. Cabinetmaker |$900-$1,500 a year. Cadet officer |$600-$720 a year.[1] Car equipment, inspector of |$1,800-$3,600 a year. Carpenter |$1,200 a year. Qualified as band leader, Indian Service |$720-$900 a year. Carrier | Letter |$1,000 a year. Qualified as chauffeur |$1,000 a year. Cement worker |$3.50 a day. Ceramics, laboratory assistant in |$900-$1,200 a year. Cereal disease investigations, pathologist in |$2,100-$2,520 a year. Chauffeur, Post Office Service |$780-$1,000 a year. Chauffeur-mechanic |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Checker |$900 a year. Navy yard |$3.52-$4 a day. Cheesemaker |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Chemist-- | Alloy, assistant |$1,620 a year. Analytical and mineralogist, assistant |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Assistant-- | Grade I |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Grade II |$1,350-$1,500 a year. Associate, analytical |$2,500 a year. Ceramic, associate |$2,000-$2,500 a year. Ceramic, junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Engineer Department at large, assistant |$1,000 a year. Explosives |$3,300 a year. Fuels, junior |$1,020-$1,200 a year. Gas, junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Inorganic |$1,400-$2,000 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Qualified in fuels |$1,020 a year. Qualified in tars |$1,500 a year. Junior in radioactivity |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Laboratory and junior |$3.28-$5.04 a day. Leather, Philippine Service |$1,600 a year. Metallurgical |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Ordnance Department at large, assistant |$1,350-$1,500 a year. Organic |$1,800-$2,250 a year. Assistant |$1,800 a year. Organic and physical |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Petroleum, assistant |$1,800 a year. Pharmaceutical, research |$3,000 a year. Physiological |$1,800-$2,220 a year. Physiological and organic |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Chemistry, agricultural, biological and | physiological, specialist in |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Classification, assistant to officer in charge | of |$2,400 a year. Clerk |$900-$1,200 a year. Accountant, qualified as |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Accounting and statistical |$1,200-$1,620 a year. Chief, Bureau of Education |$2,000 a year. Editorial |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Express rate |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Forest and field |$1,100-$1,200 a year. Freight rate |$1,200-$1,500 a year. General |$900-$1,200 a year. Index and catalogue |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Land law |$900-$1,600 a year. Law |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Law, stenographer and typewriter |$1,000-$1,740 a year. Minor |$720-$900 a year. Panama Canal Service |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Passenger rate |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Postal, Panama Canal Service |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Qualified as accountant |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Qualified as business administration |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Qualified as free-hand artist |$1,000 a year. Qualified in modern languages |$900-$1,200 a year. Qualified in statistics or accounting-- | Grade I |$1,000-$1,400 a year. Grade II |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Qualified as typewriter repairer |$1,200 a year. Railway mail |$1,100 a year. Shipping |$1,600 a year. Statistical |$900-$1,200 a year. Stenographic |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Tariff |$1,200-$1,500 a year. To commercial attaché |$1,800 a year. Weight |$3.28 a day. With knowledge of stenography or typewriting |$900-$1,200 a year. Clerk-bookkeeper |$1,000 a year. Clerk-carrier |$1,000 a year. Clerk-draftman |$1,200 a year. Clinical director |$2,000 a year. Collector, inspector, and agent, deputy |$5-$7 a day. Commerce and finance, expert in |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Assistant to |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Commissioner, shipping |$1,500 a year. Deputy |$900 a year. Community organization, specialist in |$3,000 a year. Computer |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Junior |$900-$1,200 a year. Coast and Geodetic Survey |$1,200 a year. Nautical Almanac Office and Naval Observatory |$1,200 a year. Computer and estimator |$1,600-$1,800 a year. Computing clerk |$900 a year. Conductor, elevator |$720-$900 a year. Construction, superintendent of |$1,600-$2,400 a year. Cook (Indian Service) |$480-$660 a year. Cook, qualified us deck hand |$780 a year. Co-operative marketing, investigator in |$2,250-$2,750 a year. Co-operative organization, investigator in |$2,000-$2,750 a year. Co-operative purchasing, investigator in |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Copyist ship draftsman |$3.76 a day. Cotton classing: | Assistant in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Specialist in |$2,500-$3,500 a year. Cotton entomologist |$1,000-$1,500 a year. Cotton grading, assistant in |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Cotton marketing and warehousing, specialist in |$3,000-$3,600 a year. Crop acclimatization, assistant in |$900-$1,400 a year. Crop physiologist |$3,000 a year. Crop physiology, assistant in |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Curator, assistant |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Custodian, assistant |$1,400-$1,600 a year. Custodian-janitor, assistant |$660-$1,000 a year. Dairy cattle breeding, specialist in |$2,500-$3,000 a year. Dairy herdsman, senior |$1,500 a year. Dairy husbandman |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Assistant |$1,500-$1,740 a year. Dairying, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Dairyman |$900 a year. Deck hand |$600-$780 a year. Deck officer |$1,000 a year. Dentist (Indian Service) |$1,500 a year. Deputy collector, inspector, and agent, | antinarcotic act |$1,600 a year. Designer, electrical |$153-$164 a month. Designer, gauge |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Designer, landscape |$1,500 a year. Designer of marine engines, boilers, and | machinery |$2,400-$3,000 a year. Director, assistant, Child Labor Division |$2,400-$2,820 a year. Director clinical |$2,000 a year. Draftsman-- | Aeronautic |$5.04 a day. Aeronautical engineering |$1,500-$2,000 a year. Aeronautical mechanical |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Architectural and structural steel |$1,500 a year. Architectural, mechanical, structural steel-- | Grade I |$4-$4.96 a day. Grade II |$4.96-$5.92 a day. Grade III |$5.92-$6.88 a day. Artist |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Chief |$2,500 a year. Copyist |$2.56-$3.76 a day. Copyist structural steelwork |$2.80-$3.28 a day. Electrical-- | Grade I |$4-$4.96 a day. Grade II |$5.44-$6.40 a day. Electrical copyist |$3.52-$4 a day. Hull |$1500 a year. Marine |$1,440-$1,800 a year. Marine engine and boiler |$3.28-$7.04 a day. Copyist |$3.28 a day. Mechanical |$800-$1,800 a year. Panama Canal Service-- | Class I |$1,800 a year. Class II |$1,500 a year. Navy Department |$4-$7.84 a day. Mechanical and electrical |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Minor or copyist |$1,200 a year. Ordnance |$4-$5.04 a day. Radio |$3.44-$6 a day. Rural engineering |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Ship-- | Grade I |$4-$.96 a day. Grade II |$4.96-$5.92 a day. Grade III |$5.92-$6.88 a day. Copyist |$3.76 a day. Skilled |$1,400-$2,000 a year. Structural steel |$3.04-$8 a day. Copyist |$2.80-$3.28 a day Junior |$3.52-$4 a day. Topographic |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Copyist |$900-$1,000 a year. Panama Canal Service |$1,630 a year. Topographic and subsurface |$4.48-$5.04 a day. Driller, expert |$2,160-$3,300 a year. Driver, automobile |$780-$840 a year. Auto truck |$900 a year. Drug inspector |$1,400 a year. Drug-plant investigations, scientific assistant | in |$1,200 a year. Dry land agriculture, assistant in |$1,200-$2,000 a year. Dry land arboriculture, assistant in |$900-$1,500 a year. Dynamo tender |$3.68 a day. Immigration Service |$900 a year. Economic geologist |$3,000 a year. Economist-- | Grade I |$2,500-$4,000 a year. Grade II |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Economist, petroleum |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Editor-- | Assistant |$2,000 a year. Information |$2,000 a year. Editorial clerk |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Editorial division, chief of |$2,500 a year. Educational community organization, special | agent in |$1,800 a year. Electrical designer |$153-$164 a month. Electrical machinist |$4 a day. Electrician |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Electrometallurgist |$2,000-$3,300 a year. Electrotyper |70 cents an hour. Elevator conductor |$720-$900 a year. Engine runner, Bureau of Mines |$720 a year. Engineer-- | Aeronautical |$3,600 a year. Assistant |$1,500 a year. Assistant testing |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Chemical-- | Assistant (petroleum) |$1,800-$2,100 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Chief, Coast and Geodetic Survey |$1,200 a year. Civil-- | Junior-- | Grade I |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Grade II |$720-$1,200 a year. Philippine Service |$1,560-$3,000 a year. Senior |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Civil, and superintendent of construction |$1,500 a year. Construction |$1,560-$3,000 a year. Designing |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Designing and construction |$10-$16 a day. Drainage |$1,440-$1,800 a year. Junior |$1,080-$1,320 a year. Senior |$2,220-$3,000 a year. Electrical |$1,500-$3,000 a year. Assistant, qualified in municipal research |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Junior-- | Grade I |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Grade II |$720-$1,200 a year. Senior |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Electrochemical |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Experimental |$3,000 a year. Explosives |$2,520-$2,700 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Fuel, junior |$1,200 a year. Gas-waste |$2,400-$3,600 a year. Highway |$1,800-$2,100 a year. Highway bridge |$1,800-$2,100 a year. Senior |$2,400-$3,300 a year. Hoist |$1,200 a year. Hydraulic and sanitary |$10-$16 a day. Indian Service |$600-$900 a year. Junior |$1,080-$1,200 a year. Marine-- | Gasoline |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Steam |$1,200 a year. Supervising |$3,500 a year. Mechanical |$1,600-$2,700 a year. Designing |$2,100 a year. Junior-- | Grade I |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Grade II |$720-$1,200 a year. Senior |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Mechanical and electrical |$1,560-$3,000 a year. Metallurgical |$7.04 a day. Mining, chief of coal-mining investigations |$4,000 a year. Mining, coal |$2,400-$4,000 a year. Assistant |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Mining, junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Mining, metal |$2,400-$4,000 a year. Natural gas |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Ore dressing |$2,400-$3,600 a year. Petroleum |$2,500-$3,000 a year. Assistant |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Pulp and paper |$3,500 a year. Radio |$1,800 a year. Sanitary |$2,500 a year. Assistant |$1,600 a year. Philippine Service |$1,600 a year. Signal-- | Junior-- | Grade I |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Grade II |$720-$1,200 a year. Senior-- | Grade I |$3,000-$4,800 a year. Grade II |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Steam-- | Assistant or second-class |$1,000-$1,200 a year. First-class |$1,000-$1,400 a year. Road-roller |$900 a year. Third-class |$840-$1,000 a year. Structural-- | Junior-- | Grade I |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Grade II |$720-$1,200 a year. Senior-- | Grade I |$3,000-$4,000 a year. Grade II |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Supervising mining and metallurgist |$4,000 a year. Telegraph and telephone, junior-- | Grade I |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Grade II |$720-$1,200 a year. Telephone |$1,800 a year. Vehicle |$1,500 a year. Engineer and draftsman-- | Civil |$1,500-$2,000 a year. Heating and ventilating |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Junior |$1,200-$2,000 a year. Structural |$1,600-$1,800 a year. Engineer-economist |$2,000-$2,500 a year. Engineer and metallurgist, supervising mining |$3,600-$4,000 a year. Engineer and sawyer |$4.48 a day. Engraver-- | Map, copperplate |$1,620 a year. Script, square letter, and vignette |$3.84-$8.95 a day. Entomology-- | Preparator in |$600-$1,000 a year. Scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Scientific preparator in |$1,200 a year. Special field agent in |$1,200-$2,000 a year. Entomological inspector |$1,400-$1,740 a year. Epidemiologist, assistant |$2,000-$2,500 a year. Examiner, Assistant (Patent Office) |$1,500 a year. Executive secretary |$2,400-$2,800 a year. Expert-- | Automobile |$2,400 a year. Child welfare |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Nautical |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Telegraph rate |$117 a month. Expert and special agent |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Farm economics, assistant in |$1,800-$2,000 a year. Farm management, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Farm management demonstrations, agriculturist in|$1,800-$2,760 a year. Farmer, Indian Service |$600-$900 a year. Finger-print classifier |$1,000-$1,400 a year. Fireman-- | Marine |$768-$900 a year. Stationary |$660-$720 a year. Fireman-watchman |$600-$840 a year. Fish culturist, apprentice |$600-$960 a year. Fish investigations, assistance in |$1,200-$1,620 a year. Fish pathologist |$2,500 a year. Food inspector |$1,400 a year. Food and drug inspector |$1,400-$2,000 a year. Food research, specialist in |$1,500 a year. Forage crops, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Foreign marketing of agricultural products: | Assistant in |$1,600-$2,280 a year. Investigator in |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Forest assistant |$1,100-$1,400 a year. Philippine |$1,600 a year. Forest education, district assistant in |$1,800 a year. Forest entomology, assistant in |$1,200-$1,400 a year. Forest pathology, assistant in |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Field |$1,200-$1,620 a year. Forest products-- | Architectural assistant in |$1,500 a year. Chemist in |$2,000-$2,400 a year. Assistant |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Engineer in |$1,860-$3,000 a year. Assistant |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Forest ranger |$1,100-$1,200 a year. Fruit transportation and storage, investigator | in |$2,000-$2,520 a year. Fruit-fly quarantine inspector |$1,800 a year. Fruits and vegetables, supervising inspector of |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Game conservation, assistant in |$3,000 a year. Game warden |$1,500 a year. Garageman |$780-$840 a year. Gardener |$600-$1,200 a year. Landscape |$1,350 a year. Gas inspector |$1,800 a year. Gauge checker |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Gauge designer |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Gauge expert, master |$2,000-$3,600 a year. Gauge inspector |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Assistant |$1,000-$1,600 a year. Gauger, oil |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Gauges, inspector of |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Geologic aid |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Geologist |$2,500 a year. Assistant |$1,800 a year. Ground-water work |$1,200 a year. Glass blower |$1,400 a year. Glassworker |$1,200-$1,380 a year. Grain-dust explosions, assistant in |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Grain-exchange practice-- | Investigator in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Specialist in |$2,500-$3,500 a year. Grain handling, bulk, investigator in |$2,000-$2,760 a year. Grain inspection-- | Supervisor in |$2,500-$3,500 a year. Assistant |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Grain samples |$1,000-$1,620 a year. Assistant |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Grain standardization-- | Aid in |$900-$1,400 a year. Scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Specialist in |$2,200-$3,000 a year. Grain supervisor |$1,800-$3,000 a year. Grazing assistant |$1,200 a year. Helper-- | Automobile mechanic’s |$900 a year. Electrician’s |$720 a year. Foundry |$720-$1,020 a year. Glass pot maker’s |$780 a year. Laboratory |$720-$1,080 a year. Junior |$540 a year. Physical |$600-$900 a year. Office |$480-$540 a year. Plumber’s |$900 a year. Tinner’s |$720 a year. Herdsman |$720-$1,200 a year. Dairy, senior |$1,500 a year. Horticulture, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Horticulturist |$2,100-$3,240 a year. Assistant |$1,800-$2,200 a year. Hostler |$540-$660 a year. Hours of service, inspector of |$3,000 a year. Hulls-- | Local and assistant inspector of |$2,100-$2,500 a year. Husbandman: | Animal |$1,800-$2,600 a year. Dairy |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Assistant |$1,500-$1,740 a year. Poultry |$1,800-$2,600 a year. Illustrator |$1,800 a year. Income-tax deputy collector, inspector, and | agent |$1,400-$1,600 a year. Incubation and brooding, assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Indexer, scientific |$1,200 a year. Infant mortality, expert in prevention of |$2,400-$3,600 a year. Insect delineator |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Insect investigations, apple, specialist in |$1,800 a year. Insects as carriers of plant diseases, | specialist in |$1,600 a year. Inspector-- | Boilers, local and assistant |$2,100-$2,500 a year. Drug |$1,400 a year. Engineer |$1,440-$1,800 a year. Entomological |$1,400-$1,740 a year. Fiber (Philippine Service) |$1,600-$2,000 a year. Food |$1,400 a year. Food and drug |$1,400-$2,000 a year. Fruit-fly quarantine |$1,800 a year. Gas |$1,800 a year. Gauge |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Hours of service |$3,000 a year. Interstate commerce in game |$1,500 a year. Lay |$1,080 a year. Locomotives |$3,000 a year. Pathological |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Predatory animal |$1,200 a year. Quarantine-- | Fruit-fly |$1,800 a year. Plant |$1,200-$2,500 a year. Radio |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Rubber |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Safety appliances |$3,000 a year. Interne-- | Dental |$900 a year.[1] Medical |$900 a year.[1] Interpreter |$1,200 a year. Investigations-- | Drug plant, scientific assistant in |$1,200 a year. Marketing, assistant in |$1,800-$3,000 a year. Marketing, city, assistant in |$1,440-$1,800 a year. Poisonous plant, assistant in |$1,400 a year. Sugar beet-- | Agriculturist in |$1,800-$2,100 a year. Assistant pathologist in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Tobacco, assistant in |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Wool, assistant in |$1,380-$1,800 a year. Janitor |$600-$720 a year. Joiner master |$7.52 a day. Kelp harvester, foreman of |$1,200 a year. Laboratorian-- | Chemical |$900-$1,500 a year. Mechanical or electrical |$1,000-$1,400 a year. Physical |$3.84 a day. Qualified in chemistry and physics |$1,000 a year. Strength of materials |$3.52 a day. Qualified in electrical science |$3.60-$4.24 a day. Laboratory aid |$840-$1,240 a year. Agricultural technology |$720-$1,080 a year. Chemistry and physics |$600-$900 a year. Foreign seed and plant introduction |$500-$900 a year. Hygienic Laboratory |$720-$900 a year. Plant pathology |$720 a year. Seed testing |$600-$720 a year. Laboratory aid and engineer |$800-$900 a year. Laboratory aid and junior chemist |$3.28-$5.04 a day. Laboratory assistant |$960-$1,320 a year. Mechanical |$960-$1,080 a year. Qualified in petrography |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Radio |$1,200 a year. Laboratory attendant |$660-$900 a year. Laboratory helper |$720-$1,080 a year. Junior |$480-$540 a year. Labor, foreman of |$7.72 a day. Laborer, skilled |$720-$900 a year. Qualified as chauffeur |$720-$1,000 a year. Qualified as elevator machinist |$900-$1,000 a year. Qualified as general mechanic |$720 a year. Laborer, unskilled |$480-$720 a year. Land classifier |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Assistant |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Landscape gardening, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Laundry worker |$30-$93 a month. Law clerk |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Lead burner |$4.50 a day. Leather technology, laboratory assistant in |$1,200 a year. Librarian |$1,700 a year. Assistant |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Library assistant |$900-$1,500 a year. Lithographer |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Lithographic draftsman, apprentice |$300 a year. Lithographic pressman |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Locomotives, inspector of |$3,000 a year. Loftsman foreman |$8 a day. Lumbering, assistant in |$2,000-$2,600 a year. Machinist |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Electrical |$1,200 a year. Foreman |$7.04 a day. Linotype |75 cents an hour. X-ray |$1,800 a year. Machinist’s helper |$780 a year. Manual training teacher |$720-$1,200 a year. Map colorist |$720-$900 a year. Map engraver-- | Copperplate |$1,620 a year. Map printer |$1,200 a year. Marine fireman |$768-$780 a year. Marker |$780 a year. Market business practice, assistant in-- | Grade I |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Grade II |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Market station assistant |$1,000-$1,400 a year. Marketing, assistant in-- | Grade I |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Grade II |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Marketing dairy products, assistant in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Marketing fruits and vegetables-- | Assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Investigator in |$1,800-$2,760 a year. Marketing investigations, assistant in |$1,800-$3,000 a year. Marketing, investigator in-- | Bureau of Markets, Department of Agriculture |$2,100-$3,000 a year. Office of Markets and Rural Organization |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Marketing live stock and animal products, | scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Marketing live stock and meats, assistant in-- | Grade I |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Grade II |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Marketing and organization, field agent in |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Marketing seeds-- | Investigator in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Specialist in |$2,500-$3,500 a year. Marketing wool, specialist in-- | Grade I |$2,500-$3,000 a year. Grade II |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Markets and rural organization, office of, | assistant chief |$4,000 a year. Meat cutter, assistant |$360 a year.[1] Mechanic-- | Automobile |$1,200-$1,320 a year. Chief (automobile) |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Foreman |$7.04 a day. General |$840 a year. Master |$7.44 a day. Qualified to operate laundry machinery |$1,200 a year. Qualified in shipbuilding trades |$5.36 a day. Mechanic, special-- | Boiler maker, qualified as |$5.36 a day. Chipper and caulker |$5.36 a day. Electrician, qualified as |$5.36 a day. Gas and oil engine installations, qualified in|$4.48 a day. Machine design, qualified in |$5.04 a day. Machinist, qualified as |$5.36 a day. Marine engine and boiler installations, | qualified in |$4.48-$5.04 a day. Motor-boat installations, qualified in |$6 a day. Ship fitter, qualified as |$5.36 a day. Mechanician-- | Addressograph |$900-$1,500 a year. Chief |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Expert |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Tabulating |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Mechanician, qualified as instrument maker |$1,000-$1,400 a year. Mechanician and laboratory assistant |$3.50 a day. Medalist, assistant |$1,400-$1,600 a year. Medical interne |$900 a year.[1] Melter |$3.50 a day. Messenger boy |$360-$480 a year. Metabolism investigations, assistant in |$1,500 a year. Metallographist |$1,500-$2,000 a year. Metallurgist |$2,400-$3,300 a year. Assistant |$1,800-$3,000 a year. Physical |$6-$8 a day. Microanalyst |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Microscopist, assistant |$1,800-$2,000 a year. Miller, Indian Service |$900-$1,000 a year. Mineral examiner |$1,380-$1,500 a year. Mineral technologist |$2,400-$3,600 a year. Motor-boat installations, assistant inspector of|$6 a day. Multigraph operator |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Nautical expert |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Negative cutter |$3 a day. Nematologist |$1,800-$2,000 a year. Nematology, preparator in |$660-$1,000 a year. Nurse, Panama Canal Service |$1,020-$1,140 a year. Nurseryman |$900 a year. Observer, assistant |$1,080 a year. Observer and meteorologist |$1,260-$1,800 a year. Oceanography, scientific assistant in |$900 a year. Office helper (typist) |$564-$660 a year. Office of Information, assistant in |$1,800-$2,760 a year. Officer in charge of classification, assistant | to |$2,400 a year. Oil, assistant inspector of |$1,400 a year. Oil and gas production, assistant technologist | in |$1,800-$2,100 a year. Oil gauger |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Oiler |$840 a year. Marine |$480-$600 a year.[1] Oiler and filterman |$85 a month. Opener and packer |$840 a year. Operative |$720-$1,000 a year. Operator-- | Calculating machine |$900-$1,200 a year. Linotype |65 cents an hour. Machine, harness shop |$720 a year. Monotype |65 cents an hour. Motor-boat |$145 a month. Multigraph |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Power plant |$1,000-$1,500 a year. Substation |$1,200 a year. Telegraph |$900-$1,600 a year. Wireless |$780-$1,140 a year. Telephone |$660-$720 a year. Packer, chief |$1,200 a year. Packer of merchandise |$900 a year. Painter |$900-$1,200 a year. Auto body |$1,000 a year. Paleobotany, aid in |$1,200 a year. Paleontology, assistant curator in |$1,500 a year. Panology, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Pathological adviser in cotton, truck, and | forage crop diseases |$2,500-$3,000 a year. Pathologist |$2,000 a year. Plant, assistant |$1,800-$2,040 a year. In citrus fruit diseases |$2,520-$3,000 a year. Pathologist in charge of forage crop disease | investigations |$1,800-$2,000 a year. Pharmacist |$1,200 a year. Pharmacist and physician’s assistant |$1,000 a year. Pharmacognosist, assistant |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Pharmacological aid |$900-$1,200 a year. Pharmacologist, junior |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Pharmacology, technical assistant in |$2,500 a year. Philippine assistant |$1,500 a year. Photographer, assistant |$1,020 a year. Physician |$480-$1,800 a year. Physicist-- | Assistant |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Associate (qualified in electrical | engineering) |$2,000-$2,800 a year. Junior |$1,500 a year. Soil |$1,320-$1,680 a year. Physicist, assistant-- | Physical metallurgy, qualified in |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Spectrophotometry, qualified in |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Spectroscopy, qualified in |$1,400-$1,800 a year. Physiologist, crop |$3,000 a year. Physiologist in crop utilization, assistant |$2,000-$2,400 a year. Pilot |$125 a month.[1] Plant breeding, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Plant disinfection, assistant in |$1,620-$1,800 a year. Plant introduction, assistant in |$1,200-$1,400 a year. Field station assistant in |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Plant nutrition, assistant in |$1,080-$1,380 a year. Plant pathology-- | Field aid in |$840-$1,080 a year. Field and laboratory aid in |$720-$1,080 a year. Scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Laboratory aid in |$720 a year. Plant physiology, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Plant quarantine inspector |$1,200-$2,500 a year. Plate cleaner |$4.80 a day. Plate printer |$7.55 a day. Plumber |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Master |$6.40 a day. Postmaster-- | Fourth class |$180-$999 a year. Second and third classes |$1,000-$2,400 a year. Poultry and egg handling, investigator in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Poultry husbandry, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Powder and explosives, inspector of |$1,400-$2,400 a year. Preparator in entomology |$600-$1,000 a year. Scientific |$1,200 a year. Preparator in nematology |$660-$1,000 a year. Press feeder |$720-$840 a year. Pressman |65 cents an hour. Pressman on offset presses |$5.75 a day. Printer |60-65 cents an hour. Public health work, scientific assistant in-- | Grade I |$1,500-$2,000 a year. Grade II |$900-$1,500 a a year. Public roads and rural engineering, assistant | chemist in |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Radio activity, junior chemist in |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Radio draftsman |$3.52-$6 a day. Radio engineer |$1,800 a year. Radio, expert, aid |$9.04 a day. Radio inspector |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Radio towers, subinspector |$5.52 a day. Railway mail clerk |$1,100 a year. Ranger, forest |$1,100-$1,200 a year. Reclamation projects, agriculturist for |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Rodman and chainman |$720-$1,080 a year. Rural carrier |$480-$1,344 a year. Motor |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Rural economics, specialist in |$1,500-$1,800 a year. Safety appliances, inspector of |$3,000 a year. Salvage superintendent |$4-$6 a day. Sawyer, Indian Service |$840-$1,000 a year. Sawyer and carpenter, Indian Service |$840-$1,000 a year. Sawyer and general mechanic, Indian Service |$720-$900 a year. Sawyer and marine gasoline engineer |$900 a year. Scaler |$1,400 a year. Scientific assistant-- | Bureau of Fisheries |$900-$1,400 a year. Department of Agriculture |$1,000-$1,800 a year. Scientific indexer |$1,200 a year. Scientific preparator |$1,200 a year. Scientist, statistical |$1,600-$1,800 a year. Seeds, marketing-- | Investigator in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Specialist in |$2,500-$3,500 a year. Seed testing-- | Laboratory aid in |$600-$720 a year. Scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Sheet metal worker |$5.36 a day. Ship fitter |$5.36 a day. Shoemaker, Indian Service |$300-$600 a year. Skilled laborer-- | Qualified as chauffeur |$720-$1,000 a year. Qualified as elevator machinist |$900-$1,000 a year. Qualified as general mechanic |$720 a year. Soil bacteriology, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Soil surveying, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Specialist-- | Agricultural education |$3,000 a year. Dairy manufacturing |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Assistant |$1,500-$1,740 a year. Fruit crop |$1,600-$2,400 a year. Market milk, assistant |$1,440-$1,740 a year. Milk |$1,800-$2,500 a year. School hygiene and sanitation |$3,000 a year. Truck crop |$1,600-$2,400 a year. Statistical agent |$1,400 a year. Statistical clerk |$900-$1,200 a year. Statistical scientist |$1,600-$1,800 a year. Statistician |$1,800 a year Statistics, vital, chief statistician for |$3,000 a year. Steam fitter |$1,200-$2,400 a year. Steel maker, master |$8 a day. Stenographer |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Stenographer and typist |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Stereotyper |70 cents an hour. Steward, assistant |$1,080 a year. Stockman |$3.84-$5.76 a day. Stock tender |$480 a year. Storage, specialist in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Storehouse arrangement and control, organizer of|$2,400 a year. Stoveman |$900 a year. Subclerical-- | Messenger |$480-$720 a year. Skilled laborer |$720-$900 a year. Watchman |$600-$900 a year. Substation operator, assistant |$900 a year. Sugar-beet investigations-- | Agriculturist in |$1,800-$2,100 a year. Assistant pathologist in |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Sugar-beet seed production, technologist in |$2,100-$2,500 a year. Sugar sampler |$1,000-$1,080 a year. Superintendent-- | Construction |$1,600-$2,400 a year. Equipment |$2,400-$2,800 a year. Forge shop |$8.40-$12 a day. Indian Reservation |$1,200-$3,000 a year. Supervising inspector of fruits and vegetables |$2,000-$3,000 a year. Surveyor |$1,200-$1,800 a year. Surveys, examiner of |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Tailor, Indian Service |$600-$1,200 a year. Teacher-- | Agriculture |$1,000-$1,200 a year. Free-hand drawing |$720 a year. Indian Service |$600-$720 a year. Kindergarten |$600-$1,200 a year. Manual training, Indian Service |$720-$1,200 a year. Philippine |$1,000-$1,500 a year. Assistant |$1,000 a year. Technical assistant, Assay Office |$3.50 a day. Technologist-- | Mineral |$2,400-$3,600 a year. Petroleum |$2,500-$3,000 a year. Chief (Bureau of Mines) |$3,000-$4,800 a year. Junior |$1,200-$1,500 a year. Testing engineer, assistant |$1,800-$2,500 a year. Tests, engineer of |$4,000 a year Timber cruiser |$1,200 a year. Tinner, Indian Service |$840 a year. Tinner and sheet-metal worker |$5.36 a day. Tobacco examiner |$2,500 a year. Tobacco investigations, assistant in |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Toolmaker |$1,500 a year. Topographer |$2,100 a year. Junior |$1,500 a year. Trade commissioner, Bureau of Foreign and | Domestic Commerce |$10 a day. Trade commissioner and special agent, Bureau of | Foreign and Domestic Commerce |$10 a day. Trade or industrial education, special agent for|$3,000-$3,500 a year. Traffic, director of |$1,800-$2,400 a year. Assistant |$1,200-$1,600 a year. Transferrer-- | Lithographic |$5.76 a day. Steel plate |$4.48 a day. Translator |$1,200-$1,440 a year. Transportation, assistant in |$1,800-$2,700 a year. Truck crop specialist |$1,600-$2,400 a year. Tug master |$4-$4.96 a day. Typist |$900-$1,200 a year. Minor |$600-$900 a year. Unskilled laborer |$480-$720 a year. Veterinarian |$1,500 a year. Visual agricultural instruction, assistant in |$2,000 a year. Warehouse investigations, assistant in |$1,500-$2,100 a year. Warehouseman |$900 a year. Seed |$840 a year. Warehousing-- | Investigator of |$2,400-$3,600 a year. Wool, investigator in |$2,200-$3,000 a year. Watchman |$600-$900 a year. Mounted |$1,200 a year. Park |$70 a month. Watchman-fireman |$600-$840 a year. Weed investigations, scientific assistant in |$1,200-$1,620 a year. Weigher |$1,020-$1,200 a year. Weight clerk |$3.28 a day. Weights and measures, assistant inspector of |$1,000-$1,600 a year. Wireman |$900-$1,200 a year. Yardmaster |$8 a day. Zoologist, junior |$1,400-$1,800 a year. ------------------------------------------------+--------------------- [1] With subsistence. PLAN No. 218. WAYSIDE TEA HOUSE A young woman, living in a big city, wished to live in the country, and induced her parents to buy a farm of thirty acres some distance away. But the farm didn’t pay, and the question of making a living became a serious one. Several young people of the neighborhood had remarked to the young lady in question upon the large number of motorists who had stopped at their house and inquired for refreshments, or for overnight accommodations. This gave the young lady from the city her idea. She had a lot of bird houses put up among the trees surrounding the house, put up a sign, “Bird House Inn,” had the place all lighted by electricity, increased the kitchen equipment, and awaited results. They came, and have been coming ever since, for the fame of “Bird House Inn,” with its daintily cooked yet generous meals, its superior sleeping accommodations and its home-like restfulness, has spread all over the land, and the enterprising young lady is reaping a harvest as a result of her foresight in grasping the opportunity that came to her unbidden. The rickety old place has become a bower of beauty, a veritable haven of refuge for the weary traveler, and the young lady who preferred the country to the city is rejoicing in the happiness she has been the means of bringing to thousands of other people and to herself. PLAN No. 219. ILLUSTRATED POULTRY PRIMER Acknowledgement is due to the United States Dept. of Agriculture for the following Plan: HARRY M. LAMON AND JOS. WM. KINGHORN, Animal Husbandry Division. The object of this article is to give, by means of photographs and brief statements, the fundamentals underlying the production of poultry. An effort has been made to illustrate the various phases of poultry production in such a way as to impress upon the reader’s mind the principles of poultry keeping. Under “Selecting the Breed,” for example, photographs are shown of the more popular breeds of each of the three main classes of poultry, giving the reader an immediate and complete idea of the appearance of these fowls, the classes to which they belong, and their economical usefulness. In like manner other essential phases of poultry keeping are illustrated and discussed. SELECTING THE BREED In the selection of a breed or variety of poultry care should be taken to obtain healthy, vigorous stock. Beginners are urged to keep but one variety of a breed of fowls. There is no best breed of poultry. Select the breed that suits your purpose best. [Illustration: Mongrel male.] [Illustration: Standard-bred male.] Be sure that the male bird at the head of the flock is standard-bred. A standard-bred male at the head of a mongrel flock will improve the quality of the stock materially. A mongrel male will produce no improvement in quality. _Given the same care and feed, standard-bred fowls will make a greater profit than mongrel fowls._ [Illustration: A standard-bred flock.] Standard-bred fowls produce uniform products which bring higher prices. Standard-bred stock and eggs, sold for breeding purposes, bring higher prices than market quotations. Standard-bred fowls can be exhibited and thus compete for prizes. [Illustration: A mixed or mongrel flock.] The products from mongrel fowls are not uniform and do not always bring the highest prices. Eggs and stock from mongrel fowls are not sold for breeding purposes. Mongrel fowls are not exhibited in poultry shows or exhibits. THE GENERAL-PURPOSE BREEDS The general-purpose breeds are best suited to most farms where the production of both eggs and meat is desired. The four most popular representatives of this class are the Plymouth Rock, Wyandotte, Orpington and Rhode Island Red. [Illustration: Plymouth Rock.] [Illustration: Wyandotte.] [Illustration: Orpington.] [Illustration: Rhode Island Red.] All these breeds, with the exception of the Orpington, are of American origin. They are characterized by having yellow skin and legs, and lay brown-shelled eggs. The Orpington is of English origin, has a white skin, and also lays brown-shelled eggs. For detailed discussion of the various breeds of fowls of American origin request Farmers’ Bulletin 806 on “Standard Varieties of Chickens. I. The American Class,” which may be had on application to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. THE EGG BREEDS The Mediterranean or egg breeds are best suited for the production of white-shelled eggs. Representatives of this class are bred largely for the production of eggs rather than for meat production. Among the popular breeds of this class are: Leghorn, Minorca, Ancona, and Andalusian. [Illustration: Leghorn.] [Illustration: Minorca.] [Illustration: Ancona.] [Illustration: Andalusian.] One of the outstanding characteristics of the egg breeds is the fact that they are classed as nonsitters; that is, as a rule they do not become broody and hatch their eggs. When fowls of this class are kept, artificial incubation and brooding are usually employed. For detailed discussion of the various breeds of this class request Farmers’ Bulletin 898 on “Standard Varieties of Chickens. II. The Mediterranean Class,” which may be obtained on application to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. THE MEAT BREEDS The meat breeds of poultry are primarily kept for the production of meat rather than for the production of eggs in large quantities. Representatives of this class are: Langshan, Brahma, Cochin, and Cornish. [Illustration: Langshan.] [Illustration: Brahma.] [Illustration: Cochin.] [Illustration: Cornish.] Although classed as meat breeds representatives of this class are sometimes kept as general-purpose fowls. Each of these breeds is heavier and larger in size than the egg breeds or those of the general-purpose class, and lay brown-shelled eggs. For further information on the various breeds of this class, request Farmers’ Bulletin on “Standard Varieties of Chickens. III. The Asiatic, English, and French Classes,” which may be obtained on application to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. BREEDING Fowls for breeding purposes should be strong, healthy, vigorous birds. The comb, face, and wattles should be of a bright-red color, eyes bright and fairly prominent, head comparatively broad and short and not long or crow-shaped, legs set well apart and straight, plumage clean and smooth. [Illustration: Females showing high and low vitality. The latter to be avoided when selecting females for breeding.] [Illustration: A knock-kneed fowl. The kind to be avoided as a breeder.] Defects of the kind shown here should be avoided in selecting breeders. If possible, free range should be provided for the breeding pen. Usually hens make better breeders than pullets. Cockerels, if well grown and matured, often give better fertility than older birds. However, cock birds that have proved good breeders should be used. [Illustration: _MALE HEADS SHOWING DEFECTIVE COMBS._ _1. THUMB MARK_ _2. LOPPED (SINGLE)_ _3. HOLLOW CENTER_ _4. SIDE SPRIG_ _5. UNEVEN SERRATIONS._ _6. TWISTED_] [Illustration: _MALES WITH DEFECTIVE TAIL CARRIAGE_ _1. SQUIRREL_ _2. WRY_] When the breeding flock is confined to a yard, the size of the mating should be 1 male to 10 or 12 females. When allowed free range, the number of females can be increased to 20 or 25 with good results. Matings should be made two weeks before the eggs are saved for hatching. [Illustration: A well-ventilated cellar of uniform temperature is an excellent place to operate the incubator.] [Illustration: Homemade egg candler. The hole for testing eggs should be directly opposite the flame of the lamp.] ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL INCUBATION AND BROODING Have everything ready beforehand and start your hatching operations early in the year. In sections where the climate is temperate, February, March, and April are the best months for hatching. The early hatched pullet is the one that begins to lay early in the fall and continues to lay when eggs are high in price. [Illustration: A good hatch.] [Illustration: Dust the hen thoroughly with a good lice powder before placing her on the nest.] Select uniform, fairly large sized eggs for hatching. Operate the incubator according to the manufacturer’s directions to produce the best results. Test the eggs for fertility on the seventh and fourteenth days. Do not open the incubator after the eighteenth day until the chicks are hatched. Given proper care and attention, the hen is the most valuable incubator for the farmer whose poultry operations are of moderate size. [Illustration: Do not allow the mother hen to range over the farm with the chicks.] [Illustration: Confine the mother hen to a brood coop until the chicks are weaned.] [Illustration: Toe-mark the chicks as soon as they are hatched. This enables one to tell their ages later.] In cool weather place from 10 to 13 eggs under the hen; in warm weather from 13 to 15 eggs. Chicks should not receive feed until they are 36 hours old. When artificial incubation is used, start the brooder a day or two before putting in the chicks, to see that the heating apparatus is working properly. Brooder lamps should be cleaned every day. In the case of hen-hatched broods, the coop for hen and chicks should be well ventilated, easy to clean, and large enough to insure comfort. To allow the hen to range over the farm with the chicks will often be the cause of heavy losses. For the first three days chicks may be fed a mixture of equal parts of hard-boiled eggs and rolled oats or stale bread, or stale bread soaked in milk. When bread and milk are used, care should be taken to squeeze all the milk out of the bread. From the third or fourth day commercial chick feed may be fed until the chicks are old enough to eat wheat screenings or cracked corn. To insure rapid and uniform growth of the chicks, provide in addition to a grain feed a dry mash to which the chickens will have access at all times. For additional information on incubation and brooding, request Farmers’ Bulletins 585 and 624. [Illustration: An excellent range providing shade and shelter for growing chicks.] If possible locate the brooders on ground that has recently been cultivated, thereby eliminating the danger of tainted soil and possible disease. Chicks having access to a shaded range, such as shown above, develop and thrive better in warm weather than those not having such range. For the production of infertile eggs, exhaustive information relating to the care of poultry and eggs, along with individual advice on such subjects--write to U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, c/o Animal Husbandry Division, Washington, D. C. POULTRY HOUSES AND FIXTURES Select a location for the poultry house that has natural drainage away from the building. A dry, porous soil, such as sand or gravelly loam, is preferable to a clay soil. [Illustration: OLD STYLE HEN HOUSE NO LIGHT--NO VENTILATION POOR RESULTS SHED EXCELLENT MATERIAL FOR POULTRY HOUSE OPEN FRONT HEN HOUSE SHED BOARDED UP IN FRONT POULTRY NETTING WINDOWS SIDE VIEW OF HOUSE CONSTRUCTED FROM OLD SHED INTERIOR OF SAME HOUSE GOOD SUNLIGHT CONDITIONS. 1 MOVABLE ROOSTS 2 DROPPING BOARD 3 NESTS NESTS OPEN FROM FRONT HENS ENTER FROM REAR MODEL HEN HOUSE CONSTRUCTED FROM SHED AT LITTLE COST NOTE EFFECTS OF A COAT OF WHITEWASH Rebuilding a poultry house out of old lumber at small cost] The building should face the south or southeast to insure the greatest amount of sunlight during the winter. The roosts should be built on the same level, about 3 feet from the floor with a droppings board about 6 inches below the roosts. [Illustration: A good interior arrangement for a poultry house, showing roosts and droppings boards with nests underneath and wire coop at end for confining broody hens. Note ventilators in back of house and the abundance of sunlight, which insures a dry house and healthy fowls.] [Illustration: A partial open-front curtain house is conceded to be the best type for most sections of temperate climate.] Good roosts may be made of 2 by 2 inch material with the upper edges rounded. The nests may be placed on the side walls or under the droppings boards. It is best to have them darkened, as hens prefer a secluded place in which to lay. For further information on poultry house construction request Farmers’ Bulletin 574. TRAP NESTS A trap nest is a laying nest so arranged that after a hen enters it she is confined until released by the attendant. The trap nest shown in the accompanying illustration is used with good results on the Government poultry farm and is very similar to the nest used at the Connecticut State experiment station. It is very simple and may be built at a small cost. [Illustration: Trap nests enable the poultryman to distinguish between the layers and the drones.] When possible it is advisable to trap-nest the layers for the following reasons: