Myths of the Cherokee by James Mooney
54. THE USTÛ'TLI
828 words | Chapter 81
There was once a great serpent called the Ustû'tli that made its haunt
upon Cohutta mountain. It was called the Ustû'tli or "foot" snake,
because it did not glide like other snakes, but had feet at each end
of its body, and moved by strides or jerks, like a great measuring
worm. These feet were three-cornered and flat and could hold on to
the ground like suckers. It had no legs, but would raise itself up
on its hind feet, with its snaky head waving high in the air until
it found a good place to take a fresh hold; then it would bend down
and grip its front feet to the ground while it drew its body up from
behind. It could cross rivers and deep ravines by throwing its head
across and getting a grip with its front feet and then swinging its
body over. Wherever its footprints were found there was danger. It
used to bleat like a young fawn, and when the hunter heard a fawn
bleat in the woods he never looked for it, but hurried away in the
other direction. Up the mountain or down, nothing could escape the
Ustû'tli's pursuit, but along the side of the ridge it could not go,
because the great weight of its swinging head broke its hold on the
ground when it moved sideways.
It came to pass after a while that not a hunter about Cohutta would
venture near the mountain for dread of the Ustû'tli. At last a man
from one of the northern settlements came down to visit some relatives
in that neighborhood. When he arrived they made a feast for him,
but had only corn and beans, and excused themselves for having no
meat because the hunters were afraid to go into the mountains. He
asked the reason, and when they told him he said he would go himself
to-morrow and either bring in a deer or find the Ustû'tli. They tried
to dissuade him from it, but as he insisted upon going they warned him
that if he heard a fawn bleat in the thicket he must run at once and
if the snake came after him he must not try to run down the mountain,
but along the side of the ridge.
In the morning he started out and went directly toward the
mountain. Working his way through the bushes at the base, he
suddenly heard a fawn bleat in front. He guessed at once that it
was the Ustû'tli, but he had made up his mind to see it, so he did
not turn back, but went straight forward, and there, sure enough,
was the monster, with its great head in the air, as high as the pine
branches, looking in every direction to discover a deer, or maybe a
man, for breakfast. It saw him and came at him at once, moving in
jerky strides, every one the length of a tree trunk, holding its
scaly head high above the bushes and bleating as it came.
The hunter was so badly frightened that he lost his wits entirely and
started to run directly up the mountain. The great snake came after
him, gaining half its length on him every time it took a fresh grip
with its fore feet, and would have caught the hunter before he reached
the top of the ridge, but that he suddenly remembered the warning and
changed his course to run along the sides of the mountain. At once
the snake began to lose ground, for every time it raised itself up the
weight of its body threw it out of a straight line and made it fall a
little lower down the side of the ridge. It tried to recover itself,
but now the hunter gained and kept on until he turned the end of the
ridge and left the snake out of sight. Then he cautiously climbed
to the top and looked over and saw the Ustû'tli still slowly working
its way toward the summit.
He went down to the base of the mountain, opened his fire pouch,
and set fire to the grass and leaves. Soon the fire ran all around
the mountain and began to climb upward. When the great snake smelled
the smoke and saw the flames coming it forgot all about the hunter
and turned to make all speed for a high cliff near the summit. It
reached the rock and got upon it, but the fire followed and caught
the dead pines about the base of the cliff until the heat made the
Ustû'tli's scales crack. Taking a close grip of the rock with its
hind feet it raised its body and put forth all its strength in an
effort to spring across the wall of fire that surrounded it, but the
smoke choked it and its hold loosened and it fell among the blazing
pine trunks and lay there until it was burned to ashes.
Chapters
1. Chapter 1
2. 13. The Great Yellow-jacket: Origin of fish and
3. 14. The Deluge 261
4. 32. Origin of the Groundhog dance: The Groundhog's
5. 34. The Wolf's revenge: The Wolf and the Dog 280
6. 48. The Hunter and the Buzzard 294
7. 62. The Katydid's warning 311
8. 87. The water cannibals 349
9. 111. The mounds and the constant fire: The old
10. 126. Plant lore 420
11. 2. Ancient Iroquois wampum belts 354
12. 1. Be it known this day, That the various clans or tribes which
13. 2. The aforesaid clans or tribes have also agreed that if, in
14. 3. If a man have a horse stolen, and overtake the thief, and should
15. 1813. Jackson commanded in person with two thousand infantry and
16. 1817. They viewed with jealous and aching hearts all attempts to drive
17. 1817. [259]
18. 1836. [315]
19. 770. [382] These immigrants settled chiefly along the Verdigris, in the
20. 1840. He asserted that it was a translation of a manuscript in the
21. 1525. As these voyages were not followed up by permanent occupation
22. 1750. Ancient mining indications are also reported from Kings mountain,
23. 1779. Soon after in the same year he led a preliminary exploration
24. episode); author's personal information.
25. 1776. Important treaties were made here with the Cherokee in 1785,
26. 1859. Having removed to Vermont with his father while still a child,
27. introduction into the Nation of schoolmasters, blacksmiths, mechanics,
28. 1. HOW THE WORLD WAS MADE
29. 2. THE FIRST FIRE
30. 3. KANA'TI AND SELU: THE ORIGIN OF GAME AND CORN
31. 4. ORIGIN OF DISEASE AND MEDICINE
32. 5. THE DAUGHTER OF THE SUN
33. 6. HOW THEY BROUGHT BACK THE TOBACCO
34. 7. THE JOURNEY TO THE SUNRISE
35. 8. THE MOON AND THE THUNDERS.
36. 9. WHAT THE STARS ARE LIKE
37. 10. ORIGIN OF THE PLEIADES AND THE PINE
38. 11. THE MILKY WAY
39. 12. ORIGIN OF STRAWBERRIES
40. 13. THE GREAT YELLOW-JACKET: ORIGIN OF FISH AND FROGS
41. 14. THE DELUGE
42. 15. THE FOURFOOTED TRIBES
43. 16. THE RABBIT GOES DUCK HUNTING
44. 17. HOW THE RABBIT STOLE THE OTTER'S COAT
45. 18. WHY THE POSSUM'S TAIL IS BARE
46. 19. HOW THE WILDCAT CAUGHT THE GOBBLER
47. 20. HOW THE TERRAPIN BEAT THE RABBIT
48. 21. THE RABBIT AND THE TAR WOLF
49. 22. THE RABBIT AND THE POSSUM AFTER A WIFE
50. 23. THE RABBIT DINES THE BEAR
51. 24. THE RABBIT ESCAPES FROM THE WOLVES
52. 25. FLINT VISITS THE RABBIT
53. 26. HOW THE DEER GOT HIS HORNS
54. 27. WHY THE DEER'S TEETH ARE BLUNT
55. 28. WHAT BECAME OF THE RABBIT
56. 29. WHY THE MINK SMELLS
57. 30. WHY THE MOLE LIVES UNDERGROUND
58. 31. THE TERRAPIN'S ESCAPE FROM THE WOLVES
59. 32. ORIGIN OF THE GROUNDHOG DANCE: THE GROUNDHOG'S HEAD
60. 33. THE MIGRATION OF THE ANIMALS
61. 34. THE WOLF'S REVENGE--THE WOLF AND THE DOG
62. 35. THE BIRD TRIBES
63. 36. THE BALL GAME OF THE BIRDS AND ANIMALS
64. 37. HOW THE TURKEY GOT HIS BEARD
65. 38. WHY THE TURKEY GOBBLES
66. 39. HOW THE KINGFISHER GOT HIS BILL
67. 40. HOW THE PARTRIDGE GOT HIS WHISTLE
68. 41. HOW THE REDBIRD GOT HIS COLOR
69. 42. THE PHEASANT BEATING CORN; ORIGIN OF THE PHEASANT DANCE
70. 43. THE RACE BETWEEN THE CRANE AND THE HUMMINGBIRD
71. 44. THE OWL GETS MARRIED
72. 45. THE HUHU GETS MARRIED
73. 46. WHY THE BUZZARD'S HEAD IS BARE
74. 47. THE EAGLE'S REVENGE
75. 48. THE HUNTER AND THE BUZZARD
76. 49. THE SNAKE TRIBE
77. 50. THE UKTENA AND THE ULÛÑSÛ'TI
78. 51. ÂGAN-UNI'TSI'S SEARCH FOR THE UKTENA
79. 52. THE RED MAN AND THE UKTENA
80. 53. THE HUNTER AND THE UKSU'HI
81. 54. THE USTÛ'TLI
82. 55. THE UW'TSÛÑ'TA
83. 56. THE SNAKE BOY
84. 57. THE SNAKE MAN
85. 58. THE RATTLESNAKE'S VENGEANCE
86. 59. THE SMALLER REPTILES--FISHES AND INSECTS
87. 60. WHY THE BULLFROG'S HEAD IS STRIPED
88. 61. THE BULLFROG LOVER
89. 62. THE KATYDID'S WARNING
90. 63. ÛÑTSAIYI', THE GAMBLER
91. 64. THE NEST OF THE TLA'NUWA
92. 65. THE HUNTER AND THE TLA'NUWA
93. 66. U`TLÛÑ'TA, THE SPEAR-FINGER
94. 67. NÛÑ'YUNU'WI, THE STONE MAN
95. 68. THE HUNTER IN THE DAKWA'
96. 69. ATAGÂ'HI, THE ENCHANTED LAKE
97. 70. THE BRIDE FROM THE SOUTH
98. 71. THE ICE MAN
99. 72. THE HUNTER AND SELU
100. 73. THE UNDERGROUND PANTHERS
101. 74. THE TSUNDIGE'WI
102. 75. ORIGIN OF THE BEAR: THE BEAR SONGS
103. 76. THE BEAR MAN
104. 77. THE GREAT LEECH OF TLANUSI'YI
105. 78. THE NÛÑNE'HI AND OTHER SPIRIT FOLK
106. 79. THE REMOVED TOWNHOUSES
107. 80. THE SPIRIT DEFENDERS OF NIKWASI'
108. 81. TSUL`KALÛ', THE SLANT-EYED GIANT
109. 82. KANA'STA, THE LOST SETTLEMENT
110. 83. TSUWE'NAHI: A LEGEND OF PILOT KNOB
111. 84. THE MAN WHO MARRIED THE THUNDER'S SISTER
112. 85. THE HAUNTED WHIRLPOOL
113. 86. YAHULA
114. 87. THE WATER CANNIBALS
115. 88. FIRST CONTACT WITH WHITES
116. 89. THE IROQUOIS WARS
117. 90. HIADEONI, THE SENECA
118. 91. THE TWO MOHAWKS
119. 92. ESCAPE OF THE SENECA BOYS
120. 93. THE UNSEEN HELPERS
121. 94. HATCINOÑDOÑ'S ESCAPE FROM THE CHEROKEE
122. 95. HEMP-CARRIER
123. 96. THE SENECA PEACEMAKERS
124. 97. ORIGIN OF THE YONTOÑWISAS DANCE
125. 98. GA'NA'S ADVENTURES AMONG THE CHEROKEE
126. 99. THE SHAWANO WARS
127. 100. THE RAID ON TIKWALI'TSI
128. 101. THE LAST SHAWANO INVASION
129. 102. THE FALSE WARRIORS OF CHILHOWEE
130. 103. COWEE TOWN
131. 104. THE EASTERN TRIBES
132. 105. THE SOUTHERN AND WESTERN TRIBES
133. 1819. Still another may have existed at one time on Tuskegee creek,
134. 106. THE GIANTS FROM THE WEST
135. 107. THE LOST CHEROKEE
136. 108. THE MASSACRE OF THE ANI'-KUTA'NI
137. 109. THE WAR MEDICINE
138. 110. INCIDENTS OF PERSONAL HEROISM
139. 111. THE MOUNDS AND THE CONSTANT FIRE: THE OLD SACRED THINGS
140. 112. THE IGNORANT HOUSEKEEPER
141. 113. THE MAN IN THE STUMP
142. 114. TWO LAZY HUNTERS
143. 115. THE TWO OLD MEN
144. 116. THE STAR FEATHERS
145. 117. THE MOTHER BEAR'S SONG
146. 118. BABY SONG, TO PLEASE THE CHILDREN
147. 119. WHEN BABIES ARE BORN: THE WREN AND THE CRICKET
148. 120. THE RAVEN MOCKER
149. 121. HERBERT'S SPRING
150. 122. LOCAL LEGENDS OF NORTH CAROLINA
151. 123. LOCAL LEGENDS OF SOUTH CAROLINA
152. 124. LOCAL LEGENDS OF TENNESSEE
153. 1848. So far as is known there was no Cherokee settlement at the place,
154. 125. LOCAL LEGENDS OF GEORGIA
155. 1775. There is some reason for believing that it refers to a former
156. 126. PLANT LORE
157. 1. How the world was made (p. 239): From decay of the old tradition
158. 2. The first fire (p. 240): This myth was obtained from Swimmer
159. 3. Kana'ti and Selu: Origin of corn and game (p. 242): This story
160. 4. Origin of disease and medicine (p. 250): This myth was obtained
161. 5. The Daughter of the Sun: Origin of death (p. 252): This is one
162. 6. How they brought back the tobacco (p. 254): The first version of
163. 7. The journey to the sunrise (p. 255): This story, obtained
164. 8. The Moon and the Thunders (p. 256): The story of the sun and the
165. 9. What the stars are like (p. 257): This story, told by Swimmer,
166. 10. Origin of the Pleiades and the pine (p. 258): This myth is well
167. 11. The Milky Way (p. 259): This story, in slightly different forms,
168. 12. Origin of strawberries (p. 259): This myth, as here given, was
169. 13. The Great Yellow-jacket: Origin of fish and frogs (p. 260): This
170. 14. The Deluge (p. 261): This story is given by Schoolcraft in his
171. 15. The four-footed tribes (p. 261): No essential difference--"I have
172. 16. The Rabbit goes duck hunting (p. 266): This story was heard from
173. 17. How the Rabbit stole the Otter's coat (p. 267): This story is well
174. 18. Why the Possum's tail is bare (p. 269): This story was heard from
175. 19. How the Wildcat caught the Gobbler (p. 269): This story was heard
176. 20. How the Terrapin beat the Rabbit (p. 270): This story was
177. 21. The Rabbit and the tar wolf (p. 271): This story was obtained in
178. 22. The Rabbit and the Possum after a wife (p. 273): This specimen
179. 23. The Rabbit dines the Bear (p. 273): This favorite story with
180. 24. The Rabbit escapes from the wolves (p. 274): This story was
181. 25. Flint visits the Rabbit (p. 274): This story was told in slightly
182. 26. How the Deer got his horns (p. 275): This story was heard from
183. 27. Why the Deer's teeth are blunt (p. 276): This story follows the
184. 28. What became of the Rabbit (p. 277): This version was obtained
185. 30. Why the Mole lives underground (p. 277): This story, from John Ax,
186. 31. The Terrapin's escape from the Wolves (p. 278): This story,
187. 32. Origin of the Groundhog dance (p. 279): This story is from
188. 33. The migration of the animals (p. 280): This little story is given
189. 34. The Wolf's revenge: The Wolf and the Dog (p. 280): These short
190. 35. The bird tribes (p. 280): The eagle killer--Of the Southern
191. 36. The ball game of the birds and animals (p. 286): This is one
192. 37. How the Turkey got his beard (p. 287): This story is well known
193. 38. Why the Turkey gobbles (p. 288): This story was first heard
194. 39. How the Kingfisher got his bill (p. 288): The first version is
195. 40. How the Partridge got his whistle (p. 289): This little story is
196. 41. How the Redbird got his color (p. 289): This short story was
197. 42. The Pheasant beating corn: The Pheasant dance (p. 290): The first
198. 43. The race between the Crane and the Hummingbird (p. 290): This story
199. 44. The Owl gets married (p. 291): Told by Swimmer. The three owls
200. 45. The Huhu gets married (p. 292): This story was heard at different
201. 46. Why the Buzzard's head is bare (p. 293): This story was told
202. 47. The Eagle's revenge (p. 293): This story, told by John Ax,
203. 48. The Hunter and the Buzzard (p. 294): Told by Swimmer. The custom
204. 49. The snake tribe (p. 294): Rattlesnake--The custom of asking
205. 50. The Uktena and the Ûlûñsû'ti (p. 297): The belief in the great
206. 51. Âgan-uni'tsi's search for the Uktena (p. 248): This is one of
207. 52. The Red Man and the Uktena (p. 300): This story was obtained from
208. 53. The Hunter and the Uksu'hi (p. 301): This story was told by Swimmer
209. 54. The Ustû'tli (p. 302): This story was told by Swimmer and John Ax
210. 55. The Uw`tsûñ'ta (p. 303): This story was obtained from James
211. 56. The Snake Boy (p. 304): This myth was told by Swimmer.
212. 57. The Snake Man (p. 304): This myth, obtained from Chief Smith,
213. 58. The Rattlesnake's vengeance (p. 305): This story, told by Swimmer,
214. 59. The smaller reptiles, fishes, and insects (p. 306):
215. 60. Why the Bullfrog's head is striped (p. 310): The first version is
216. 61. The Bullfrog lover (p. 310): The first amusing little tale was
217. 63. Ûñtsaiyi', the Gambler (p. 311): This story was obtained from
218. 64. The nest of the Tla'nuwa (p. 315): This story was obtained first
219. 65. The hunter and the Tla'nuwa (p. 316): This myth was told by
220. 66. U`tlûñ'ta, the Spear-finger (p. 316): This is one of the most
221. 67. Nûñyunu'wi, the Stone Man (p. 319): This myth, although obtained
222. 68. The hunter in the Dakwa'--This story was told by Swimmer and
223. 69. Atagâ'hi, the enchanted lake (p. 321): This story was heard
224. 70. The bride from the south (p. 322): This unique allegory was heard
225. 71. The Ice Man (p. 322): This story, told by Swimmer, may be a veiled
226. 72. The Hunter and Selu (p. 323): The explanation of this story,
227. 73. The Underground Panthers (p. 324): This story was told by John
228. 74. The Tsundige'wi (p. 325): This curious story was told by Swimmer
229. 75. Origin of the Bear (p. 325): This story was told by Swimmer,
230. 76. The Bear Man (p. 327): This story was obtained first from
231. 77. The Great Leech of Tlanusi'yi (p. 329): This legend was heard
232. 78. The Nûñne'hi and other spirit folk (p. 330): The belief in fairies
233. 79. The removed townhouses (p. 335): The first of these stories
234. 80. The spirit defenders of Nikwasi' (p. 336): This story was obtained
235. 81. Tsul`kalû', the slant-eyed giant (p. 337): The story of Tsul`kalû'
236. 82. Kana'sta, the lost settlement (p. 341): This story, obtained
237. 83. Tsuwe'nahi, a legend of Pilot knob (p. 343): This story, from
238. 84. The man who married the Thunder's sister (p. 345): This story was
239. 85. The haunted whirlpool (p. 347): This legend was related by an
240. 86. Yahula (p. 347): This fine myth was obtained in the Territory
241. 87. The water cannibals (p. 349): This story was obtained from Swimmer
242. 88. First contact with whites (p. 350): The story of the jug of
243. 89. The Iroquois wars (p. 351): The Iroquois league--The Iroquois
244. 90. Hiadeoni, the Seneca (p. 356): Of this story Schoolcraft says:
245. 92. Escape of the Seneca boys (p. 359): The manuscript notes from
246. 93. The Unseen Helpers (p. 359): The meaning of the Seneca name can
247. 94. Hatcinoñdoñ's escape from the Cherokee (p. 362): The Seneca name
248. 95. Hemp-carrier (p. 364): This story of the old wars was obtained
249. 96. The Seneca peacemakers (p. 365): This story was told to Schoolcraft
250. 97. Origin of the Yontoñwisas dance (p. 365): This is evidently the
251. 98. Ga'na's adventures among the Cherokee (p. 367): This story,
252. 99. The Shawano wars (p. 370): The chief authority as to the expulsion
253. 93. There are also a few scattered among other tribes. For detailed
254. 100. The raid on Tikwali'tsi (p. 374): Swimmer, from whom this story
255. 101. The last Shawano invasion (p. 374): This story also is from
256. 102. The false warriors of Chilhowee (p. 375): This story was given
257. 104. The eastern tribes (p. 378): Delaware--The Delawares derive
258. 105. The southern and western tribes (p. 382): The Creek
259. 1692. They probably joined the Creeks about the same time as their
260. 1845. In 1898 the citizen population of the Creek Nation numbered
261. 1808. In 1825 they ceded all their claims in Missouri and Arkansas,
262. 106. The Giants from the west (p. 391): This may be an exaggerated
263. 107. The lost Cherokee (p. 391): This tradition as here given is taken
264. part 1, and The Last of Our Cannibals, in Harper's Magazine, August,
265. 108. The massacre of the Ani'-Kuta'ni (p. 392): Swimmer, Ta'gwadihi',
266. 109. The war medicine (p. 393): The first two paragraphs are from
267. 110. Incidents of personal heroism (p. 394): The incident of the
268. 111. The mounds and the constant fire: The old sacred things (p. 395):
269. 116. The star feathers (p. 399): This story was obtained from John
270. 117. The mother bear's song (p. 400): The first of these songs was
271. 118. Baby song, to please the children (p. 401): This song is well
272. 119. When babies are born: The wren and the cricket (p. 401): These
273. 120. The Raven Mocker (p. 401): The grewsome belief in the "Raven
274. 121. Herbert's spring (p. 403): The subject of this old trader's
275. 126. Plant lore (p. 420): For ceremonies, prayers, and precautions used
276. 381. The name is not connected with gi`li, dog.
277. 1810. See page 86.
278. 1795. See page 79. The literal Cherokee translation of "Long-hair"
279. 1730. Both the correct form and the meaning of the name are uncertain;
280. 4. Tahlequah, established as the capital of the Cherokee Nation,
281. 1. An ancient settlement on the upper part of Tallulah river, in
282. 2. another was on the north bank of Tennessee river, just below
283. 1830. See page 141.
284. 124. Before the establishment of the town the place was known to
285. 13. The word signifies "leader," "boss," or "principal one," and
286. 63. The common word is wude'ligûñ'yi, q. v., while the term in the
287. 1832. The treaty is not mentioned by the Tennessee historians.
288. 1880. Pickett says Jackson had "767 men, with 200 friendly Indians";
289. 1834. The volume of Cherokee laws, compiled in the Cherokee language
290. 1823. From a contemporary reference in Rivers, South Carolina, page
Reading Tips
Use arrow keys to navigate
Press 'N' for next chapter
Press 'P' for previous chapter