Myths of the Cherokee by James Mooney

120. THE RAVEN MOCKER

1155 words  |  Chapter 148

Of all the Cherokee wizards or witches the most dreaded is the Raven Mocker (Kâ'lanû Ahyeli'ski), the one that robs the dying man of life. They are of either sex and there is no sure way to know one, though they usually look withered and old, because they have added so many lives to their own. At night, when some one is sick or dying in the settlement, the Raven Mocker goes to the place to take the life. He flies through the air in fiery shape, with arms outstretched like wings, and sparks trailing behind, and a rushing sound like the noise of a strong wind. Every little while as he flies he makes a cry like the cry of a raven when it "dives" in the air--not like the common raven cry--and those who hear are afraid, because they know that some man's life will soon go out. When the Raven Mocker comes to the house he finds others of his kind waiting there, and unless there is a doctor on guard who knows how to drive them away they go inside, all invisible, and frighten and torment the sick man until they kill him. Sometimes to do this they even lift him from the bed and throw him on the floor, but his friends who are with him think he is only struggling for breath. After the witches kill him they take out his heart and eat it, and so add to their own lives as many days or years as they have taken from his. No one in the room can see them, and there is no scar where they take out the heart, but yet there is no heart left in the body. Only one who has the right medicine can recognize a Raven Mocker, and if such a man stays in the room with the sick person these witches are afraid to come in, and retreat as soon as they see him, because when one of them is recognized in his right shape he must die within seven days. There was once a man named Gûñskali'ski, who had this medicine and used to hunt for Raven Mockers, and killed several. When the friends of a dying person know that there is no more hope they always try to have one of these medicine men stay in the house and watch the body until it is buried, because after burial the witches do not steal the heart. The other witches are jealous of the Raven Mockers and afraid to come into the same house with one. Once a man who had the witch medicine was watching by a sick man and saw these other witches outside trying to get in. All at once they heard a Raven Mocker cry overhead and the others scattered "like a flock of pigeons when the hawk swoops." When at last a Raven Mocker dies these other witches sometimes take revenge by digging up the body and abusing it. The following is told on the reservation as an actual happening: A young man had been out on a hunting trip and was on his way home when night came on while he was still a long distance from the settlement. He knew of a house not far off the trail where an old man and his wife lived, so he turned in that direction to look for a place to sleep until morning. When he got to the house there was nobody in it. He looked into the âsi and found no one there either. He thought maybe they had gone after water, and so stretched himself out in the farther corner to sleep. Very soon he heard a raven cry outside, and in a little while afterwards the old man came into the âsi and sat down by the fire without noticing the young man, who kept still in the dark corner. Soon there was another raven cry outside, and the old man said to himself, "Now my wife is coming," and sure enough in a little while the old woman came in and sat down by her husband. Then the young man knew they were Raven Mockers and he was frightened and kept very quiet. Said the old man to his wife, "Well, what luck did you have?" "None," said the old woman, "there were too many doctors watching. What luck did you have?" "I got what I went for," said the old man, "there is no reason to fail, but you never have luck. Take this and cook it and let's have something to eat." She fixed the fire and then the young man smelled meat roasting and thought it smelled sweeter than any meat he had ever tasted. He peeped out from one eye, and it looked like a man's heart roasting on a stick. Suddenly the old woman said to her husband, "Who is over in the corner?" "Nobody," said the old man. "Yes, there is," said the old woman, "I hear him snoring," and she stirred the fire until it blazed and lighted up the whole place, and there was the young man lying in the corner. He kept quiet and pretended to be asleep. The old man made a noise at the fire to wake him, but still he pretended to sleep. Then the old man came over and shook him, and he sat up and rubbed his eyes as if he had been asleep all the time. Now it was near daylight and the old woman was out in the other house getting breakfast ready, but the hunter could hear her crying to herself. "Why is your wife crying?" he asked the old man. "Oh, she has lost some of her friends lately and feels lonesome," said her husband; but the young man knew that she was crying because he had heard them talking. When they came out to breakfast the old man put a bowl of corn mush before him and said, "This is all we have--we have had no meat for a long time." After breakfast the young man started on again, but when he had gone a little way the old man ran after him with a fine piece of beadwork and gave it to him, saying, "Take this, and don't tell anybody what you heard last night, because my wife and I are always quarreling that way." The young man took the piece, but when he came to the first creek he threw it into the water and then went on to the settlement. There he told the whole story, and a party of warriors started back with him to kill the Raven Mockers. When they reached the place it was seven days after the first night. They found the old man and his wife lying dead in the house, so they set fire to it and burned it and the witches together.

Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. 13. The Great Yellow-jacket: Origin of fish and 3. 14. The Deluge 261 4. 32. Origin of the Groundhog dance: The Groundhog's 5. 34. The Wolf's revenge: The Wolf and the Dog 280 6. 48. The Hunter and the Buzzard 294 7. 62. The Katydid's warning 311 8. 87. The water cannibals 349 9. 111. The mounds and the constant fire: The old 10. 126. Plant lore 420 11. 2. Ancient Iroquois wampum belts 354 12. 1. Be it known this day, That the various clans or tribes which 13. 2. The aforesaid clans or tribes have also agreed that if, in 14. 3. If a man have a horse stolen, and overtake the thief, and should 15. 1813. Jackson commanded in person with two thousand infantry and 16. 1817. They viewed with jealous and aching hearts all attempts to drive 17. 1817. [259] 18. 1836. [315] 19. 770. [382] These immigrants settled chiefly along the Verdigris, in the 20. 1840. He asserted that it was a translation of a manuscript in the 21. 1525. As these voyages were not followed up by permanent occupation 22. 1750. Ancient mining indications are also reported from Kings mountain, 23. 1779. Soon after in the same year he led a preliminary exploration 24. episode); author's personal information. 25. 1776. Important treaties were made here with the Cherokee in 1785, 26. 1859. Having removed to Vermont with his father while still a child, 27. introduction into the Nation of schoolmasters, blacksmiths, mechanics, 28. 1. HOW THE WORLD WAS MADE 29. 2. THE FIRST FIRE 30. 3. KANA'TI AND SELU: THE ORIGIN OF GAME AND CORN 31. 4. ORIGIN OF DISEASE AND MEDICINE 32. 5. THE DAUGHTER OF THE SUN 33. 6. HOW THEY BROUGHT BACK THE TOBACCO 34. 7. THE JOURNEY TO THE SUNRISE 35. 8. THE MOON AND THE THUNDERS. 36. 9. WHAT THE STARS ARE LIKE 37. 10. ORIGIN OF THE PLEIADES AND THE PINE 38. 11. THE MILKY WAY 39. 12. ORIGIN OF STRAWBERRIES 40. 13. THE GREAT YELLOW-JACKET: ORIGIN OF FISH AND FROGS 41. 14. THE DELUGE 42. 15. THE FOURFOOTED TRIBES 43. 16. THE RABBIT GOES DUCK HUNTING 44. 17. HOW THE RABBIT STOLE THE OTTER'S COAT 45. 18. WHY THE POSSUM'S TAIL IS BARE 46. 19. HOW THE WILDCAT CAUGHT THE GOBBLER 47. 20. HOW THE TERRAPIN BEAT THE RABBIT 48. 21. THE RABBIT AND THE TAR WOLF 49. 22. THE RABBIT AND THE POSSUM AFTER A WIFE 50. 23. THE RABBIT DINES THE BEAR 51. 24. THE RABBIT ESCAPES FROM THE WOLVES 52. 25. FLINT VISITS THE RABBIT 53. 26. HOW THE DEER GOT HIS HORNS 54. 27. WHY THE DEER'S TEETH ARE BLUNT 55. 28. WHAT BECAME OF THE RABBIT 56. 29. WHY THE MINK SMELLS 57. 30. WHY THE MOLE LIVES UNDERGROUND 58. 31. THE TERRAPIN'S ESCAPE FROM THE WOLVES 59. 32. ORIGIN OF THE GROUNDHOG DANCE: THE GROUNDHOG'S HEAD 60. 33. THE MIGRATION OF THE ANIMALS 61. 34. THE WOLF'S REVENGE--THE WOLF AND THE DOG 62. 35. THE BIRD TRIBES 63. 36. THE BALL GAME OF THE BIRDS AND ANIMALS 64. 37. HOW THE TURKEY GOT HIS BEARD 65. 38. WHY THE TURKEY GOBBLES 66. 39. HOW THE KINGFISHER GOT HIS BILL 67. 40. HOW THE PARTRIDGE GOT HIS WHISTLE 68. 41. HOW THE REDBIRD GOT HIS COLOR 69. 42. THE PHEASANT BEATING CORN; ORIGIN OF THE PHEASANT DANCE 70. 43. THE RACE BETWEEN THE CRANE AND THE HUMMINGBIRD 71. 44. THE OWL GETS MARRIED 72. 45. THE HUHU GETS MARRIED 73. 46. WHY THE BUZZARD'S HEAD IS BARE 74. 47. THE EAGLE'S REVENGE 75. 48. THE HUNTER AND THE BUZZARD 76. 49. THE SNAKE TRIBE 77. 50. THE UKTENA AND THE ULÛÑSÛ'TI 78. 51. ÂGAN-UNI'TSI'S SEARCH FOR THE UKTENA 79. 52. THE RED MAN AND THE UKTENA 80. 53. THE HUNTER AND THE UKSU'HI 81. 54. THE USTÛ'TLI 82. 55. THE UW'TSÛÑ'TA 83. 56. THE SNAKE BOY 84. 57. THE SNAKE MAN 85. 58. THE RATTLESNAKE'S VENGEANCE 86. 59. THE SMALLER REPTILES--FISHES AND INSECTS 87. 60. WHY THE BULLFROG'S HEAD IS STRIPED 88. 61. THE BULLFROG LOVER 89. 62. THE KATYDID'S WARNING 90. 63. ÛÑTSAIYI', THE GAMBLER 91. 64. THE NEST OF THE TLA'NUWA 92. 65. THE HUNTER AND THE TLA'NUWA 93. 66. U`TLÛÑ'TA, THE SPEAR-FINGER 94. 67. NÛÑ'YUNU'WI, THE STONE MAN 95. 68. THE HUNTER IN THE DAKWA' 96. 69. ATAGÂ'HI, THE ENCHANTED LAKE 97. 70. THE BRIDE FROM THE SOUTH 98. 71. THE ICE MAN 99. 72. THE HUNTER AND SELU 100. 73. THE UNDERGROUND PANTHERS 101. 74. THE TSUNDIGE'WI 102. 75. ORIGIN OF THE BEAR: THE BEAR SONGS 103. 76. THE BEAR MAN 104. 77. THE GREAT LEECH OF TLANUSI'YI 105. 78. THE NÛÑNE'HI AND OTHER SPIRIT FOLK 106. 79. THE REMOVED TOWNHOUSES 107. 80. THE SPIRIT DEFENDERS OF NIKWASI' 108. 81. TSUL`KALÛ', THE SLANT-EYED GIANT 109. 82. KANA'STA, THE LOST SETTLEMENT 110. 83. TSUWE'NAHI: A LEGEND OF PILOT KNOB 111. 84. THE MAN WHO MARRIED THE THUNDER'S SISTER 112. 85. THE HAUNTED WHIRLPOOL 113. 86. YAHULA 114. 87. THE WATER CANNIBALS 115. 88. FIRST CONTACT WITH WHITES 116. 89. THE IROQUOIS WARS 117. 90. HIADEONI, THE SENECA 118. 91. THE TWO MOHAWKS 119. 92. ESCAPE OF THE SENECA BOYS 120. 93. THE UNSEEN HELPERS 121. 94. HATCINOÑDOÑ'S ESCAPE FROM THE CHEROKEE 122. 95. HEMP-CARRIER 123. 96. THE SENECA PEACEMAKERS 124. 97. ORIGIN OF THE YONTOÑWISAS DANCE 125. 98. GA'NA'S ADVENTURES AMONG THE CHEROKEE 126. 99. THE SHAWANO WARS 127. 100. THE RAID ON TIKWALI'TSI 128. 101. THE LAST SHAWANO INVASION 129. 102. THE FALSE WARRIORS OF CHILHOWEE 130. 103. COWEE TOWN 131. 104. THE EASTERN TRIBES 132. 105. THE SOUTHERN AND WESTERN TRIBES 133. 1819. Still another may have existed at one time on Tuskegee creek, 134. 106. THE GIANTS FROM THE WEST 135. 107. THE LOST CHEROKEE 136. 108. THE MASSACRE OF THE ANI'-KUTA'NI 137. 109. THE WAR MEDICINE 138. 110. INCIDENTS OF PERSONAL HEROISM 139. 111. THE MOUNDS AND THE CONSTANT FIRE: THE OLD SACRED THINGS 140. 112. THE IGNORANT HOUSEKEEPER 141. 113. THE MAN IN THE STUMP 142. 114. TWO LAZY HUNTERS 143. 115. THE TWO OLD MEN 144. 116. THE STAR FEATHERS 145. 117. THE MOTHER BEAR'S SONG 146. 118. BABY SONG, TO PLEASE THE CHILDREN 147. 119. WHEN BABIES ARE BORN: THE WREN AND THE CRICKET 148. 120. THE RAVEN MOCKER 149. 121. HERBERT'S SPRING 150. 122. LOCAL LEGENDS OF NORTH CAROLINA 151. 123. LOCAL LEGENDS OF SOUTH CAROLINA 152. 124. LOCAL LEGENDS OF TENNESSEE 153. 1848. So far as is known there was no Cherokee settlement at the place, 154. 125. LOCAL LEGENDS OF GEORGIA 155. 1775. There is some reason for believing that it refers to a former 156. 126. PLANT LORE 157. 1. How the world was made (p. 239): From decay of the old tradition 158. 2. The first fire (p. 240): This myth was obtained from Swimmer 159. 3. Kana'ti and Selu: Origin of corn and game (p. 242): This story 160. 4. Origin of disease and medicine (p. 250): This myth was obtained 161. 5. The Daughter of the Sun: Origin of death (p. 252): This is one 162. 6. How they brought back the tobacco (p. 254): The first version of 163. 7. The journey to the sunrise (p. 255): This story, obtained 164. 8. The Moon and the Thunders (p. 256): The story of the sun and the 165. 9. What the stars are like (p. 257): This story, told by Swimmer, 166. 10. Origin of the Pleiades and the pine (p. 258): This myth is well 167. 11. The Milky Way (p. 259): This story, in slightly different forms, 168. 12. Origin of strawberries (p. 259): This myth, as here given, was 169. 13. The Great Yellow-jacket: Origin of fish and frogs (p. 260): This 170. 14. The Deluge (p. 261): This story is given by Schoolcraft in his 171. 15. The four-footed tribes (p. 261): No essential difference--"I have 172. 16. The Rabbit goes duck hunting (p. 266): This story was heard from 173. 17. How the Rabbit stole the Otter's coat (p. 267): This story is well 174. 18. Why the Possum's tail is bare (p. 269): This story was heard from 175. 19. How the Wildcat caught the Gobbler (p. 269): This story was heard 176. 20. How the Terrapin beat the Rabbit (p. 270): This story was 177. 21. The Rabbit and the tar wolf (p. 271): This story was obtained in 178. 22. The Rabbit and the Possum after a wife (p. 273): This specimen 179. 23. The Rabbit dines the Bear (p. 273): This favorite story with 180. 24. The Rabbit escapes from the wolves (p. 274): This story was 181. 25. Flint visits the Rabbit (p. 274): This story was told in slightly 182. 26. How the Deer got his horns (p. 275): This story was heard from 183. 27. Why the Deer's teeth are blunt (p. 276): This story follows the 184. 28. What became of the Rabbit (p. 277): This version was obtained 185. 30. Why the Mole lives underground (p. 277): This story, from John Ax, 186. 31. The Terrapin's escape from the Wolves (p. 278): This story, 187. 32. Origin of the Groundhog dance (p. 279): This story is from 188. 33. The migration of the animals (p. 280): This little story is given 189. 34. The Wolf's revenge: The Wolf and the Dog (p. 280): These short 190. 35. The bird tribes (p. 280): The eagle killer--Of the Southern 191. 36. The ball game of the birds and animals (p. 286): This is one 192. 37. How the Turkey got his beard (p. 287): This story is well known 193. 38. Why the Turkey gobbles (p. 288): This story was first heard 194. 39. How the Kingfisher got his bill (p. 288): The first version is 195. 40. How the Partridge got his whistle (p. 289): This little story is 196. 41. How the Redbird got his color (p. 289): This short story was 197. 42. The Pheasant beating corn: The Pheasant dance (p. 290): The first 198. 43. The race between the Crane and the Hummingbird (p. 290): This story 199. 44. The Owl gets married (p. 291): Told by Swimmer. The three owls 200. 45. The Huhu gets married (p. 292): This story was heard at different 201. 46. Why the Buzzard's head is bare (p. 293): This story was told 202. 47. The Eagle's revenge (p. 293): This story, told by John Ax, 203. 48. The Hunter and the Buzzard (p. 294): Told by Swimmer. The custom 204. 49. The snake tribe (p. 294): Rattlesnake--The custom of asking 205. 50. The Uktena and the Ûlûñsû'ti (p. 297): The belief in the great 206. 51. Âgan-uni'tsi's search for the Uktena (p. 248): This is one of 207. 52. The Red Man and the Uktena (p. 300): This story was obtained from 208. 53. The Hunter and the Uksu'hi (p. 301): This story was told by Swimmer 209. 54. The Ustû'tli (p. 302): This story was told by Swimmer and John Ax 210. 55. The Uw`tsûñ'ta (p. 303): This story was obtained from James 211. 56. The Snake Boy (p. 304): This myth was told by Swimmer. 212. 57. The Snake Man (p. 304): This myth, obtained from Chief Smith, 213. 58. The Rattlesnake's vengeance (p. 305): This story, told by Swimmer, 214. 59. The smaller reptiles, fishes, and insects (p. 306): 215. 60. Why the Bullfrog's head is striped (p. 310): The first version is 216. 61. The Bullfrog lover (p. 310): The first amusing little tale was 217. 63. Ûñtsaiyi', the Gambler (p. 311): This story was obtained from 218. 64. The nest of the Tla'nuwa (p. 315): This story was obtained first 219. 65. The hunter and the Tla'nuwa (p. 316): This myth was told by 220. 66. U`tlûñ'ta, the Spear-finger (p. 316): This is one of the most 221. 67. Nûñyunu'wi, the Stone Man (p. 319): This myth, although obtained 222. 68. The hunter in the Dakwa'--This story was told by Swimmer and 223. 69. Atagâ'hi, the enchanted lake (p. 321): This story was heard 224. 70. The bride from the south (p. 322): This unique allegory was heard 225. 71. The Ice Man (p. 322): This story, told by Swimmer, may be a veiled 226. 72. The Hunter and Selu (p. 323): The explanation of this story, 227. 73. The Underground Panthers (p. 324): This story was told by John 228. 74. The Tsundige'wi (p. 325): This curious story was told by Swimmer 229. 75. Origin of the Bear (p. 325): This story was told by Swimmer, 230. 76. The Bear Man (p. 327): This story was obtained first from 231. 77. The Great Leech of Tlanusi'yi (p. 329): This legend was heard 232. 78. The Nûñne'hi and other spirit folk (p. 330): The belief in fairies 233. 79. The removed townhouses (p. 335): The first of these stories 234. 80. The spirit defenders of Nikwasi' (p. 336): This story was obtained 235. 81. Tsul`kalû', the slant-eyed giant (p. 337): The story of Tsul`kalû' 236. 82. Kana'sta, the lost settlement (p. 341): This story, obtained 237. 83. Tsuwe'nahi, a legend of Pilot knob (p. 343): This story, from 238. 84. The man who married the Thunder's sister (p. 345): This story was 239. 85. The haunted whirlpool (p. 347): This legend was related by an 240. 86. Yahula (p. 347): This fine myth was obtained in the Territory 241. 87. The water cannibals (p. 349): This story was obtained from Swimmer 242. 88. First contact with whites (p. 350): The story of the jug of 243. 89. The Iroquois wars (p. 351): The Iroquois league--The Iroquois 244. 90. Hiadeoni, the Seneca (p. 356): Of this story Schoolcraft says: 245. 92. Escape of the Seneca boys (p. 359): The manuscript notes from 246. 93. The Unseen Helpers (p. 359): The meaning of the Seneca name can 247. 94. Hatcinoñdoñ's escape from the Cherokee (p. 362): The Seneca name 248. 95. Hemp-carrier (p. 364): This story of the old wars was obtained 249. 96. The Seneca peacemakers (p. 365): This story was told to Schoolcraft 250. 97. Origin of the Yontoñwisas dance (p. 365): This is evidently the 251. 98. Ga'na's adventures among the Cherokee (p. 367): This story, 252. 99. The Shawano wars (p. 370): The chief authority as to the expulsion 253. 93. There are also a few scattered among other tribes. For detailed 254. 100. The raid on Tikwali'tsi (p. 374): Swimmer, from whom this story 255. 101. The last Shawano invasion (p. 374): This story also is from 256. 102. The false warriors of Chilhowee (p. 375): This story was given 257. 104. The eastern tribes (p. 378): Delaware--The Delawares derive 258. 105. The southern and western tribes (p. 382): The Creek 259. 1692. They probably joined the Creeks about the same time as their 260. 1845. In 1898 the citizen population of the Creek Nation numbered 261. 1808. In 1825 they ceded all their claims in Missouri and Arkansas, 262. 106. The Giants from the west (p. 391): This may be an exaggerated 263. 107. The lost Cherokee (p. 391): This tradition as here given is taken 264. part 1, and The Last of Our Cannibals, in Harper's Magazine, August, 265. 108. The massacre of the Ani'-Kuta'ni (p. 392): Swimmer, Ta'gwadihi', 266. 109. The war medicine (p. 393): The first two paragraphs are from 267. 110. Incidents of personal heroism (p. 394): The incident of the 268. 111. The mounds and the constant fire: The old sacred things (p. 395): 269. 116. The star feathers (p. 399): This story was obtained from John 270. 117. The mother bear's song (p. 400): The first of these songs was 271. 118. Baby song, to please the children (p. 401): This song is well 272. 119. When babies are born: The wren and the cricket (p. 401): These 273. 120. The Raven Mocker (p. 401): The grewsome belief in the "Raven 274. 121. Herbert's spring (p. 403): The subject of this old trader's 275. 126. Plant lore (p. 420): For ceremonies, prayers, and precautions used 276. 381. The name is not connected with gi`li, dog. 277. 1810. See page 86. 278. 1795. See page 79. The literal Cherokee translation of "Long-hair" 279. 1730. Both the correct form and the meaning of the name are uncertain; 280. 4. Tahlequah, established as the capital of the Cherokee Nation, 281. 1. An ancient settlement on the upper part of Tallulah river, in 282. 2. another was on the north bank of Tennessee river, just below 283. 1830. See page 141. 284. 124. Before the establishment of the town the place was known to 285. 13. The word signifies "leader," "boss," or "principal one," and 286. 63. The common word is wude'ligûñ'yi, q. v., while the term in the 287. 1832. The treaty is not mentioned by the Tennessee historians. 288. 1880. Pickett says Jackson had "767 men, with 200 friendly Indians"; 289. 1834. The volume of Cherokee laws, compiled in the Cherokee language 290. 1823. From a contemporary reference in Rivers, South Carolina, page

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