Myths of the Cherokee by James Mooney
120. THE RAVEN MOCKER
1155 words | Chapter 148
Of all the Cherokee wizards or witches the most dreaded is the Raven
Mocker (Kâ'lanû Ahyeli'ski), the one that robs the dying man of
life. They are of either sex and there is no sure way to know one,
though they usually look withered and old, because they have added
so many lives to their own.
At night, when some one is sick or dying in the settlement, the Raven
Mocker goes to the place to take the life. He flies through the air in
fiery shape, with arms outstretched like wings, and sparks trailing
behind, and a rushing sound like the noise of a strong wind. Every
little while as he flies he makes a cry like the cry of a raven when
it "dives" in the air--not like the common raven cry--and those who
hear are afraid, because they know that some man's life will soon go
out. When the Raven Mocker comes to the house he finds others of his
kind waiting there, and unless there is a doctor on guard who knows
how to drive them away they go inside, all invisible, and frighten
and torment the sick man until they kill him. Sometimes to do this
they even lift him from the bed and throw him on the floor, but his
friends who are with him think he is only struggling for breath.
After the witches kill him they take out his heart and eat it, and so
add to their own lives as many days or years as they have taken from
his. No one in the room can see them, and there is no scar where they
take out the heart, but yet there is no heart left in the body. Only
one who has the right medicine can recognize a Raven Mocker, and
if such a man stays in the room with the sick person these witches
are afraid to come in, and retreat as soon as they see him, because
when one of them is recognized in his right shape he must die within
seven days. There was once a man named Gûñskali'ski, who had this
medicine and used to hunt for Raven Mockers, and killed several. When
the friends of a dying person know that there is no more hope they
always try to have one of these medicine men stay in the house and
watch the body until it is buried, because after burial the witches
do not steal the heart.
The other witches are jealous of the Raven Mockers and afraid to come
into the same house with one. Once a man who had the witch medicine
was watching by a sick man and saw these other witches outside trying
to get in. All at once they heard a Raven Mocker cry overhead and the
others scattered "like a flock of pigeons when the hawk swoops." When
at last a Raven Mocker dies these other witches sometimes take revenge
by digging up the body and abusing it.
The following is told on the reservation as an actual happening:
A young man had been out on a hunting trip and was on his way
home when night came on while he was still a long distance from the
settlement. He knew of a house not far off the trail where an old man
and his wife lived, so he turned in that direction to look for a place
to sleep until morning. When he got to the house there was nobody in
it. He looked into the âsi and found no one there either. He thought
maybe they had gone after water, and so stretched himself out in the
farther corner to sleep. Very soon he heard a raven cry outside, and
in a little while afterwards the old man came into the âsi and sat down
by the fire without noticing the young man, who kept still in the dark
corner. Soon there was another raven cry outside, and the old man said
to himself, "Now my wife is coming," and sure enough in a little while
the old woman came in and sat down by her husband. Then the young man
knew they were Raven Mockers and he was frightened and kept very quiet.
Said the old man to his wife, "Well, what luck did you have?" "None,"
said the old woman, "there were too many doctors watching. What luck
did you have?" "I got what I went for," said the old man, "there is
no reason to fail, but you never have luck. Take this and cook it and
let's have something to eat." She fixed the fire and then the young
man smelled meat roasting and thought it smelled sweeter than any
meat he had ever tasted. He peeped out from one eye, and it looked
like a man's heart roasting on a stick.
Suddenly the old woman said to her husband, "Who is over in the
corner?" "Nobody," said the old man. "Yes, there is," said the old
woman, "I hear him snoring," and she stirred the fire until it blazed
and lighted up the whole place, and there was the young man lying
in the corner. He kept quiet and pretended to be asleep. The old
man made a noise at the fire to wake him, but still he pretended to
sleep. Then the old man came over and shook him, and he sat up and
rubbed his eyes as if he had been asleep all the time.
Now it was near daylight and the old woman was out in the other
house getting breakfast ready, but the hunter could hear her crying
to herself. "Why is your wife crying?" he asked the old man. "Oh,
she has lost some of her friends lately and feels lonesome," said
her husband; but the young man knew that she was crying because he
had heard them talking.
When they came out to breakfast the old man put a bowl of corn mush
before him and said, "This is all we have--we have had no meat for
a long time." After breakfast the young man started on again, but
when he had gone a little way the old man ran after him with a fine
piece of beadwork and gave it to him, saying, "Take this, and don't
tell anybody what you heard last night, because my wife and I are
always quarreling that way." The young man took the piece, but when
he came to the first creek he threw it into the water and then went
on to the settlement. There he told the whole story, and a party of
warriors started back with him to kill the Raven Mockers. When they
reached the place it was seven days after the first night. They found
the old man and his wife lying dead in the house, so they set fire
to it and burned it and the witches together.
Chapters
1. Chapter 1
2. 13. The Great Yellow-jacket: Origin of fish and
3. 14. The Deluge 261
4. 32. Origin of the Groundhog dance: The Groundhog's
5. 34. The Wolf's revenge: The Wolf and the Dog 280
6. 48. The Hunter and the Buzzard 294
7. 62. The Katydid's warning 311
8. 87. The water cannibals 349
9. 111. The mounds and the constant fire: The old
10. 126. Plant lore 420
11. 2. Ancient Iroquois wampum belts 354
12. 1. Be it known this day, That the various clans or tribes which
13. 2. The aforesaid clans or tribes have also agreed that if, in
14. 3. If a man have a horse stolen, and overtake the thief, and should
15. 1813. Jackson commanded in person with two thousand infantry and
16. 1817. They viewed with jealous and aching hearts all attempts to drive
17. 1817. [259]
18. 1836. [315]
19. 770. [382] These immigrants settled chiefly along the Verdigris, in the
20. 1840. He asserted that it was a translation of a manuscript in the
21. 1525. As these voyages were not followed up by permanent occupation
22. 1750. Ancient mining indications are also reported from Kings mountain,
23. 1779. Soon after in the same year he led a preliminary exploration
24. episode); author's personal information.
25. 1776. Important treaties were made here with the Cherokee in 1785,
26. 1859. Having removed to Vermont with his father while still a child,
27. introduction into the Nation of schoolmasters, blacksmiths, mechanics,
28. 1. HOW THE WORLD WAS MADE
29. 2. THE FIRST FIRE
30. 3. KANA'TI AND SELU: THE ORIGIN OF GAME AND CORN
31. 4. ORIGIN OF DISEASE AND MEDICINE
32. 5. THE DAUGHTER OF THE SUN
33. 6. HOW THEY BROUGHT BACK THE TOBACCO
34. 7. THE JOURNEY TO THE SUNRISE
35. 8. THE MOON AND THE THUNDERS.
36. 9. WHAT THE STARS ARE LIKE
37. 10. ORIGIN OF THE PLEIADES AND THE PINE
38. 11. THE MILKY WAY
39. 12. ORIGIN OF STRAWBERRIES
40. 13. THE GREAT YELLOW-JACKET: ORIGIN OF FISH AND FROGS
41. 14. THE DELUGE
42. 15. THE FOURFOOTED TRIBES
43. 16. THE RABBIT GOES DUCK HUNTING
44. 17. HOW THE RABBIT STOLE THE OTTER'S COAT
45. 18. WHY THE POSSUM'S TAIL IS BARE
46. 19. HOW THE WILDCAT CAUGHT THE GOBBLER
47. 20. HOW THE TERRAPIN BEAT THE RABBIT
48. 21. THE RABBIT AND THE TAR WOLF
49. 22. THE RABBIT AND THE POSSUM AFTER A WIFE
50. 23. THE RABBIT DINES THE BEAR
51. 24. THE RABBIT ESCAPES FROM THE WOLVES
52. 25. FLINT VISITS THE RABBIT
53. 26. HOW THE DEER GOT HIS HORNS
54. 27. WHY THE DEER'S TEETH ARE BLUNT
55. 28. WHAT BECAME OF THE RABBIT
56. 29. WHY THE MINK SMELLS
57. 30. WHY THE MOLE LIVES UNDERGROUND
58. 31. THE TERRAPIN'S ESCAPE FROM THE WOLVES
59. 32. ORIGIN OF THE GROUNDHOG DANCE: THE GROUNDHOG'S HEAD
60. 33. THE MIGRATION OF THE ANIMALS
61. 34. THE WOLF'S REVENGE--THE WOLF AND THE DOG
62. 35. THE BIRD TRIBES
63. 36. THE BALL GAME OF THE BIRDS AND ANIMALS
64. 37. HOW THE TURKEY GOT HIS BEARD
65. 38. WHY THE TURKEY GOBBLES
66. 39. HOW THE KINGFISHER GOT HIS BILL
67. 40. HOW THE PARTRIDGE GOT HIS WHISTLE
68. 41. HOW THE REDBIRD GOT HIS COLOR
69. 42. THE PHEASANT BEATING CORN; ORIGIN OF THE PHEASANT DANCE
70. 43. THE RACE BETWEEN THE CRANE AND THE HUMMINGBIRD
71. 44. THE OWL GETS MARRIED
72. 45. THE HUHU GETS MARRIED
73. 46. WHY THE BUZZARD'S HEAD IS BARE
74. 47. THE EAGLE'S REVENGE
75. 48. THE HUNTER AND THE BUZZARD
76. 49. THE SNAKE TRIBE
77. 50. THE UKTENA AND THE ULÛÑSÛ'TI
78. 51. ÂGAN-UNI'TSI'S SEARCH FOR THE UKTENA
79. 52. THE RED MAN AND THE UKTENA
80. 53. THE HUNTER AND THE UKSU'HI
81. 54. THE USTÛ'TLI
82. 55. THE UW'TSÛÑ'TA
83. 56. THE SNAKE BOY
84. 57. THE SNAKE MAN
85. 58. THE RATTLESNAKE'S VENGEANCE
86. 59. THE SMALLER REPTILES--FISHES AND INSECTS
87. 60. WHY THE BULLFROG'S HEAD IS STRIPED
88. 61. THE BULLFROG LOVER
89. 62. THE KATYDID'S WARNING
90. 63. ÛÑTSAIYI', THE GAMBLER
91. 64. THE NEST OF THE TLA'NUWA
92. 65. THE HUNTER AND THE TLA'NUWA
93. 66. U`TLÛÑ'TA, THE SPEAR-FINGER
94. 67. NÛÑ'YUNU'WI, THE STONE MAN
95. 68. THE HUNTER IN THE DAKWA'
96. 69. ATAGÂ'HI, THE ENCHANTED LAKE
97. 70. THE BRIDE FROM THE SOUTH
98. 71. THE ICE MAN
99. 72. THE HUNTER AND SELU
100. 73. THE UNDERGROUND PANTHERS
101. 74. THE TSUNDIGE'WI
102. 75. ORIGIN OF THE BEAR: THE BEAR SONGS
103. 76. THE BEAR MAN
104. 77. THE GREAT LEECH OF TLANUSI'YI
105. 78. THE NÛÑNE'HI AND OTHER SPIRIT FOLK
106. 79. THE REMOVED TOWNHOUSES
107. 80. THE SPIRIT DEFENDERS OF NIKWASI'
108. 81. TSUL`KALÛ', THE SLANT-EYED GIANT
109. 82. KANA'STA, THE LOST SETTLEMENT
110. 83. TSUWE'NAHI: A LEGEND OF PILOT KNOB
111. 84. THE MAN WHO MARRIED THE THUNDER'S SISTER
112. 85. THE HAUNTED WHIRLPOOL
113. 86. YAHULA
114. 87. THE WATER CANNIBALS
115. 88. FIRST CONTACT WITH WHITES
116. 89. THE IROQUOIS WARS
117. 90. HIADEONI, THE SENECA
118. 91. THE TWO MOHAWKS
119. 92. ESCAPE OF THE SENECA BOYS
120. 93. THE UNSEEN HELPERS
121. 94. HATCINOÑDOÑ'S ESCAPE FROM THE CHEROKEE
122. 95. HEMP-CARRIER
123. 96. THE SENECA PEACEMAKERS
124. 97. ORIGIN OF THE YONTOÑWISAS DANCE
125. 98. GA'NA'S ADVENTURES AMONG THE CHEROKEE
126. 99. THE SHAWANO WARS
127. 100. THE RAID ON TIKWALI'TSI
128. 101. THE LAST SHAWANO INVASION
129. 102. THE FALSE WARRIORS OF CHILHOWEE
130. 103. COWEE TOWN
131. 104. THE EASTERN TRIBES
132. 105. THE SOUTHERN AND WESTERN TRIBES
133. 1819. Still another may have existed at one time on Tuskegee creek,
134. 106. THE GIANTS FROM THE WEST
135. 107. THE LOST CHEROKEE
136. 108. THE MASSACRE OF THE ANI'-KUTA'NI
137. 109. THE WAR MEDICINE
138. 110. INCIDENTS OF PERSONAL HEROISM
139. 111. THE MOUNDS AND THE CONSTANT FIRE: THE OLD SACRED THINGS
140. 112. THE IGNORANT HOUSEKEEPER
141. 113. THE MAN IN THE STUMP
142. 114. TWO LAZY HUNTERS
143. 115. THE TWO OLD MEN
144. 116. THE STAR FEATHERS
145. 117. THE MOTHER BEAR'S SONG
146. 118. BABY SONG, TO PLEASE THE CHILDREN
147. 119. WHEN BABIES ARE BORN: THE WREN AND THE CRICKET
148. 120. THE RAVEN MOCKER
149. 121. HERBERT'S SPRING
150. 122. LOCAL LEGENDS OF NORTH CAROLINA
151. 123. LOCAL LEGENDS OF SOUTH CAROLINA
152. 124. LOCAL LEGENDS OF TENNESSEE
153. 1848. So far as is known there was no Cherokee settlement at the place,
154. 125. LOCAL LEGENDS OF GEORGIA
155. 1775. There is some reason for believing that it refers to a former
156. 126. PLANT LORE
157. 1. How the world was made (p. 239): From decay of the old tradition
158. 2. The first fire (p. 240): This myth was obtained from Swimmer
159. 3. Kana'ti and Selu: Origin of corn and game (p. 242): This story
160. 4. Origin of disease and medicine (p. 250): This myth was obtained
161. 5. The Daughter of the Sun: Origin of death (p. 252): This is one
162. 6. How they brought back the tobacco (p. 254): The first version of
163. 7. The journey to the sunrise (p. 255): This story, obtained
164. 8. The Moon and the Thunders (p. 256): The story of the sun and the
165. 9. What the stars are like (p. 257): This story, told by Swimmer,
166. 10. Origin of the Pleiades and the pine (p. 258): This myth is well
167. 11. The Milky Way (p. 259): This story, in slightly different forms,
168. 12. Origin of strawberries (p. 259): This myth, as here given, was
169. 13. The Great Yellow-jacket: Origin of fish and frogs (p. 260): This
170. 14. The Deluge (p. 261): This story is given by Schoolcraft in his
171. 15. The four-footed tribes (p. 261): No essential difference--"I have
172. 16. The Rabbit goes duck hunting (p. 266): This story was heard from
173. 17. How the Rabbit stole the Otter's coat (p. 267): This story is well
174. 18. Why the Possum's tail is bare (p. 269): This story was heard from
175. 19. How the Wildcat caught the Gobbler (p. 269): This story was heard
176. 20. How the Terrapin beat the Rabbit (p. 270): This story was
177. 21. The Rabbit and the tar wolf (p. 271): This story was obtained in
178. 22. The Rabbit and the Possum after a wife (p. 273): This specimen
179. 23. The Rabbit dines the Bear (p. 273): This favorite story with
180. 24. The Rabbit escapes from the wolves (p. 274): This story was
181. 25. Flint visits the Rabbit (p. 274): This story was told in slightly
182. 26. How the Deer got his horns (p. 275): This story was heard from
183. 27. Why the Deer's teeth are blunt (p. 276): This story follows the
184. 28. What became of the Rabbit (p. 277): This version was obtained
185. 30. Why the Mole lives underground (p. 277): This story, from John Ax,
186. 31. The Terrapin's escape from the Wolves (p. 278): This story,
187. 32. Origin of the Groundhog dance (p. 279): This story is from
188. 33. The migration of the animals (p. 280): This little story is given
189. 34. The Wolf's revenge: The Wolf and the Dog (p. 280): These short
190. 35. The bird tribes (p. 280): The eagle killer--Of the Southern
191. 36. The ball game of the birds and animals (p. 286): This is one
192. 37. How the Turkey got his beard (p. 287): This story is well known
193. 38. Why the Turkey gobbles (p. 288): This story was first heard
194. 39. How the Kingfisher got his bill (p. 288): The first version is
195. 40. How the Partridge got his whistle (p. 289): This little story is
196. 41. How the Redbird got his color (p. 289): This short story was
197. 42. The Pheasant beating corn: The Pheasant dance (p. 290): The first
198. 43. The race between the Crane and the Hummingbird (p. 290): This story
199. 44. The Owl gets married (p. 291): Told by Swimmer. The three owls
200. 45. The Huhu gets married (p. 292): This story was heard at different
201. 46. Why the Buzzard's head is bare (p. 293): This story was told
202. 47. The Eagle's revenge (p. 293): This story, told by John Ax,
203. 48. The Hunter and the Buzzard (p. 294): Told by Swimmer. The custom
204. 49. The snake tribe (p. 294): Rattlesnake--The custom of asking
205. 50. The Uktena and the Ûlûñsû'ti (p. 297): The belief in the great
206. 51. Âgan-uni'tsi's search for the Uktena (p. 248): This is one of
207. 52. The Red Man and the Uktena (p. 300): This story was obtained from
208. 53. The Hunter and the Uksu'hi (p. 301): This story was told by Swimmer
209. 54. The Ustû'tli (p. 302): This story was told by Swimmer and John Ax
210. 55. The Uw`tsûñ'ta (p. 303): This story was obtained from James
211. 56. The Snake Boy (p. 304): This myth was told by Swimmer.
212. 57. The Snake Man (p. 304): This myth, obtained from Chief Smith,
213. 58. The Rattlesnake's vengeance (p. 305): This story, told by Swimmer,
214. 59. The smaller reptiles, fishes, and insects (p. 306):
215. 60. Why the Bullfrog's head is striped (p. 310): The first version is
216. 61. The Bullfrog lover (p. 310): The first amusing little tale was
217. 63. Ûñtsaiyi', the Gambler (p. 311): This story was obtained from
218. 64. The nest of the Tla'nuwa (p. 315): This story was obtained first
219. 65. The hunter and the Tla'nuwa (p. 316): This myth was told by
220. 66. U`tlûñ'ta, the Spear-finger (p. 316): This is one of the most
221. 67. Nûñyunu'wi, the Stone Man (p. 319): This myth, although obtained
222. 68. The hunter in the Dakwa'--This story was told by Swimmer and
223. 69. Atagâ'hi, the enchanted lake (p. 321): This story was heard
224. 70. The bride from the south (p. 322): This unique allegory was heard
225. 71. The Ice Man (p. 322): This story, told by Swimmer, may be a veiled
226. 72. The Hunter and Selu (p. 323): The explanation of this story,
227. 73. The Underground Panthers (p. 324): This story was told by John
228. 74. The Tsundige'wi (p. 325): This curious story was told by Swimmer
229. 75. Origin of the Bear (p. 325): This story was told by Swimmer,
230. 76. The Bear Man (p. 327): This story was obtained first from
231. 77. The Great Leech of Tlanusi'yi (p. 329): This legend was heard
232. 78. The Nûñne'hi and other spirit folk (p. 330): The belief in fairies
233. 79. The removed townhouses (p. 335): The first of these stories
234. 80. The spirit defenders of Nikwasi' (p. 336): This story was obtained
235. 81. Tsul`kalû', the slant-eyed giant (p. 337): The story of Tsul`kalû'
236. 82. Kana'sta, the lost settlement (p. 341): This story, obtained
237. 83. Tsuwe'nahi, a legend of Pilot knob (p. 343): This story, from
238. 84. The man who married the Thunder's sister (p. 345): This story was
239. 85. The haunted whirlpool (p. 347): This legend was related by an
240. 86. Yahula (p. 347): This fine myth was obtained in the Territory
241. 87. The water cannibals (p. 349): This story was obtained from Swimmer
242. 88. First contact with whites (p. 350): The story of the jug of
243. 89. The Iroquois wars (p. 351): The Iroquois league--The Iroquois
244. 90. Hiadeoni, the Seneca (p. 356): Of this story Schoolcraft says:
245. 92. Escape of the Seneca boys (p. 359): The manuscript notes from
246. 93. The Unseen Helpers (p. 359): The meaning of the Seneca name can
247. 94. Hatcinoñdoñ's escape from the Cherokee (p. 362): The Seneca name
248. 95. Hemp-carrier (p. 364): This story of the old wars was obtained
249. 96. The Seneca peacemakers (p. 365): This story was told to Schoolcraft
250. 97. Origin of the Yontoñwisas dance (p. 365): This is evidently the
251. 98. Ga'na's adventures among the Cherokee (p. 367): This story,
252. 99. The Shawano wars (p. 370): The chief authority as to the expulsion
253. 93. There are also a few scattered among other tribes. For detailed
254. 100. The raid on Tikwali'tsi (p. 374): Swimmer, from whom this story
255. 101. The last Shawano invasion (p. 374): This story also is from
256. 102. The false warriors of Chilhowee (p. 375): This story was given
257. 104. The eastern tribes (p. 378): Delaware--The Delawares derive
258. 105. The southern and western tribes (p. 382): The Creek
259. 1692. They probably joined the Creeks about the same time as their
260. 1845. In 1898 the citizen population of the Creek Nation numbered
261. 1808. In 1825 they ceded all their claims in Missouri and Arkansas,
262. 106. The Giants from the west (p. 391): This may be an exaggerated
263. 107. The lost Cherokee (p. 391): This tradition as here given is taken
264. part 1, and The Last of Our Cannibals, in Harper's Magazine, August,
265. 108. The massacre of the Ani'-Kuta'ni (p. 392): Swimmer, Ta'gwadihi',
266. 109. The war medicine (p. 393): The first two paragraphs are from
267. 110. Incidents of personal heroism (p. 394): The incident of the
268. 111. The mounds and the constant fire: The old sacred things (p. 395):
269. 116. The star feathers (p. 399): This story was obtained from John
270. 117. The mother bear's song (p. 400): The first of these songs was
271. 118. Baby song, to please the children (p. 401): This song is well
272. 119. When babies are born: The wren and the cricket (p. 401): These
273. 120. The Raven Mocker (p. 401): The grewsome belief in the "Raven
274. 121. Herbert's spring (p. 403): The subject of this old trader's
275. 126. Plant lore (p. 420): For ceremonies, prayers, and precautions used
276. 381. The name is not connected with gi`li, dog.
277. 1810. See page 86.
278. 1795. See page 79. The literal Cherokee translation of "Long-hair"
279. 1730. Both the correct form and the meaning of the name are uncertain;
280. 4. Tahlequah, established as the capital of the Cherokee Nation,
281. 1. An ancient settlement on the upper part of Tallulah river, in
282. 2. another was on the north bank of Tennessee river, just below
283. 1830. See page 141.
284. 124. Before the establishment of the town the place was known to
285. 13. The word signifies "leader," "boss," or "principal one," and
286. 63. The common word is wude'ligûñ'yi, q. v., while the term in the
287. 1832. The treaty is not mentioned by the Tennessee historians.
288. 1880. Pickett says Jackson had "767 men, with 200 friendly Indians";
289. 1834. The volume of Cherokee laws, compiled in the Cherokee language
290. 1823. From a contemporary reference in Rivers, South Carolina, page
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