1856. His father, Alexander Robb, the founder of the works he manages,

is a gentleman very much respected by his fellow citizens. His mother is Emmeline Logan, daughter of David D. Logan, of Amherst Point. David received his educational training at the County Academy at Amherst, and had begun the study of mechanical engineering when his father’s health gave way in 1872, in consequence of which he had to assume business responsibilities, and since that time has been actively employed in the foundry and machine business, which has now grown to large proportions under his careful management. Mr. Robb is a member of the order of Freemasons, having joined this organisation in 1882. In 1881 he reorganized the fire department in his native town, and has been its chief engineer ever since. He is a member of the Liberal-Conservative Association of Amherst, and an active supporter of Sir Charles Tupper, minister of finance, who represents the county in the Dominion parliament. Mr. Robb, like his father, is a member of the Presbyterian church, and, like him, a public spirited gentleman. He was married on the 15th June, 1872, to Ida S., daughter of Dr. Nathan Tupper, and niece of Sir Charles Tupper. The fruit of this marriage is three children—two boys and a girl. Frederick B., second son of Alexander, we may add, is the financial manager of the firm of A. Robb and Sons. * * * * * =Fraser, Hon. Judge John James=, Q.C., Fredericton, New Brunswick, was born in Nelson, Northumberland county, N.B., on the 1st of August, 1829. His father, John Fraser, was a native of Inverness, Scotland, who emigrated to New Brunswick in 1803. He first settled in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and remained there until 1812, when he moved to Miramichi, New Brunswick, where he went into business as a lumber merchant and shipbuilder on Beanbear’s Island, and carried on these branches of trade for a number of years. He was also extensively engaged in the exportation of salmon, which at that time was a very profitable enterprise. John James Fraser received his early educational training at the Newcastle Grammar School, and adopted law as his profession. In October, 1845, he entered the office of the late Hon. John Ambroise Street, and in 1850 passed his examination as an attorney. In January, 1851, on the appointment of the Hon. Mr. Street to the office of attorney-general, Mr. Fraser removed to Fredericton, and remained with that gentleman until 1854. He was admitted to the bar in 1852, and made a Queen’s counsel in 1873. Mr. Fraser devoted his attention closely to his profession until 1865, when he entered the political arena, and was returned to the Provincial parliament as representative for York county, in conjunction with Messrs. Allen, Hatheway, and Needham, as champions of the anti-confederation movement, confederation being the then burning question of the day. In 1866, the Smith government having been compelled to resign, a general election ensued, and on Mr. Fraser presenting himself for re-election, a strong feeling was manifested against him, and at the close of the poll he found that his opponent had carried the day. In June, 1871, he was appointed a member of the Legislative Council and president of the Executive Council in the Hatheway-King administration, and held both positions until the death of the Hon. Mr. Hatheway in 1872, when he resigned. He was afterwards offered the position of provincial secretary to the government led by the Hon. Mr. King, and this he accepted. He then again appeared before his constituents, and was re-elected by acclamation, and the county of York he continued to represent until May, 1878, when the Hon. Mr. King retired from provincial politics. Hon. Mr. Fraser then became attorney-general and leader of the government, and this position he held until the 24th May, 1882, when he resigned, and offered himself as a candidate for the representation of York in the House of Commons, but was defeated. In December, 1882, he was, on the decease of Mr. Justice Duff, appointed a judge of the Supreme Court. He was married in September, 1867, to Martha, eldest daughter of the late Alexander Cumming, a merchant of Fredericton, and had by her two children, both of whom are dead. Mrs. Fraser died in March, 1871. In May, 1884, he was married to Jane M. P., daughter of the late Mr. Justice Fisher, of Fredericton. * * * * * =Green, Harry Compton=, Postmaster, Summerside, Prince Edward Island, was born at North Street, Eleanor, P.E.I., on the 30th April, 1817. He is the second son of the Hon. Samuel Green, and Elizabeth, his wife, who emigrated to Prince Edward Island from London, England, in 1808. Henry received his first educational training in the village school, and afterwards studied in the Charlottetown Academy, under Professor Brow Waddle. After leaving school he devoted himself to farming, and from 1839 to 1856 he farmed extensively on his freehold estate on North Street, Eleanor. In 1841 Mr. Green was appointed road commissioner and commissioner of small debts, and in 1842 he was created a justice of the peace. In 1851 he was appointed high sheriff of Prince county. In 1857 he went into mercantile business, and continued in this line until 1866, when he was appointed collector of customs for the port of Summerside. From 1858 to 1868 he occupied the honourable position of mayor of Summerside; and in 1871 he was appointed postmaster, which position he still holds. He joined the ancient and honourable order of Freemasons in 1858, and has been treasurer of his lodge, King Hiram, for nearly seven years. He was brought up and has always continued to be an Episcopalian in his religious views, and has frequently held the office of churchwarden, both in St. John’s Church, Eleanor, and St. Mary’s Church, Summerside. In March, 1850, he was married to Elizabeth C. Ellis, daughter of Robert Ellis, formerly of Bideford, Devon, England. * * * * * =Fogo, Hon. James=, Pictou, Nova Scotia, Judge of Probate for the county of Pictou, was born in Glasgow, Scotland, on the 30th June, 1811. His father, James Fogo, senior, came to Pictou in 1817, and died there in 1868, aged eighty-one years. His mother was Elizabeth McClure, who was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, and died in Pictou, in 1879, aged eighty-nine years. Judge Fogo received his education at the Pictou Academy, under the tuition of that celebrated teacher and educator, the Rev. Thomas McCulloch, D.D., and was the classmate of Governor Archibald, Sir William Ritchie, now chief justice of the Dominion of Canada, and other gentlemen who have attained celebrity in different walks of life. He studied law in the office of Jotham Blanchard, then one of the most eminent practitioners at the bar in eastern Nova Scotia, and was admitted as an attorney of the Supreme Court in May, 1837, along with Charles Young, now the Hon. Dr. Young, LL.D., judge of the Surrogate Court for the province of Prince Edward Island, both of whom obtained _optimes_ on their examinations. This, therefore, is the year of Judge Fogo’s professional jubilee. In 1838, according to the practice then existing, he was admitted as a barrister of the Supreme Court. Judge Fogo obtained the judicial appointment which he now holds on the 30th December, 1850, and has ever since, with the exception of a short interregnum which took place on a change of government in 1864, discharged the duties of his office with marked ability and satisfaction to the public. He is well read in the learning of his profession, and his judgments have almost invariably been sustained by the Supreme Court in cases of appeals from his decisions. In 1851 he was offered the solicitor-generalship of an adjoining colony, but an indisposition to sever his connection with Nova Scotia induced him to decline the acceptance of the offer. In his early years, before accepting his judicial position, Judge Fogo was an active politician in the Liberal interests, and on several occasions was urged by his friends to accept a nomination as a candidate for the representative branch of the legislature, but a regard to his personal interests prompted otherwise, as he preferred the active duties of his profession to the turmoil and uncertainty of political life. He was at one time connected with the provincial militia, and on the 23rd July, 1864, obtained the commission of major, having previously held the commission of first and second lieutenants in the service. He was created a Queen’s counsel by the Local government in 1878, his commission giving him precedence as such in all courts of the province over all other Queen’s counsels appointed after 23rd October, 1833. He was also, on the 27th July, 1879, appointed a master in Chancery, now called a master in the Supreme Court. On the 11th October, 1880, he obtained the appointment of Queen’s counsel from the Dominion government, when such appointments were ruled _ultra vires_ of the Provincial government, and since the date of his commission he has been appointed by the presiding judge to conduct the criminal business at each and every sitting of the Supreme Court at Pictou. Judge Fogo was first married in December, 1846, to Jane, daughter of the late Rev. John McKinlay, A.M., of Prince Street Presbyterian Church, Pictou, who died in 1848, leaving one daughter, Charlotte Jane, who, on the 27th of April, 1870, was united in marriage to the Hon. John F. Stairs, then of Dartmouth, now of Halifax, and ex-M.P. of the House of Commons, and who, to the great grief of her family and friends, died of that dreadful malady, diphtheria, on the 28th May, 1886, leaving five children, her son Walter, of the age of two and a half years, or thereabouts, having, two days previously, fallen a victim to the same disease. This dispensation of Providence naturally inflicted much mental suffering to the subject of our sketch, as his daughter was an only child, gifted with superior abilities, of a joyous and happy disposition, and consequently a great favourite in the social circle wherever she moved, and though the healing salve of time may cicatrize the wound occasioned by her early and unexpected death, the scar will still remain. The judge was married the second time to Elizabeth Ives, daughter of the late James Ives, of the city of Halifax, architect. The judge has the comforts of life in a liberal measure, and the mind and heart to enjoy them. He is said by his friends to be a pleasant and effective speaker. His mode of address is full of life and animation, and being gifted with a luxuriant imagination and playful fancy, his public exhibitions afford gratification to his auditors. He is a member of the Presbyterian church. Though advanced in life, his age rests lightly upon him, and none, to look at him and mark his quick and agile step, would dream that he is now in the seventy-sixth year of his age. He has a delightful residence at Belleville, opposite the railway station on the Pictou side of the harbour, and which is thus described in “Meacham’s Illustrated and Historical Atlas of the County of Pictou”:—“The building represented to our view is a classical villa, after the Tuscan manner, and was built by its proprietor in 1854. It is very beautifully situated, and affords a most commanding view of the surrounding country. The scene which is presented to the spectator on a summer day, when shipping in the harbour is brisk, and vessels of all descriptions are plying to and fro upon its waters, is one of an exceedingly pleasing and animated character, and presents a panorama which is rarely equalled, and difficult to surpass. The property is noted for the valuable free stone in which it abounds, and which is now commanding an extensive sale beyond the limits of the county, many thousands of tons having been disposed of to rebuild the bridges on the Intercolonial Railway, by a gentleman to whom the owner sold a few acres some years ago, leaving untouched, however, extensive areas of superior stone for building purposes, which brisker times would soon call into requisition.” * * * * * =Fothergill, Rev. Matthew Monkhouse=, Rector of St. Peter’s Church, Quebec city, was born in Cefnrhychdir, Monmouthshire, Wales, England, on the 11th November, 1834. His father was a leading agriculturist in South Wales, and frequently carried off valuable prizes at Lord Tredegar’s agricultural show for short-horns, thorough-bred horses, and mountain sheep. Rev. M. Fothergill received his education at Ottery St. Mary, Devonshire, King Edward’s Grammar School, Ely, and at St. Augustine’s College, Canterbury, England. In 1857 he came to Canada, and made Quebec his home, and here he was ordained by the late Bishop Mountain. He was then appointed travelling missionary, and did good service for the cause of the Master in this capacity. For twelve years he was a rural dean, and was the first incumbent of the new mission of Danville. After having built St. Augustine’s Church at Danville, he was called to Quebec city, and made rector of St. Peter’s Church, which position he now occupies. Rev. M. Fothergill is an active man, and outside his ministerial duties he has found time to help in other directions. For fourteen years he has held the position of secretary to the Church Society, is chaplain to the Marine and Emigrant Hospital, and Government inspector of public schools. * * * * * =Longley, Hon. James Wilberforce=, M.P.P., M.E.C., Attorney-General of Nova Scotia, Halifax, was born on the 4th January, 1849, at Paradise, Annapolis county, Nova Scotia. His father, Israel Longley, who was of English descent, was grandson of James Longley, a United Empire loyalist, who settled in Annapolis county at the end of the American revolutionary war. This gentleman took an active part in all the political questions of his day, and was twice a candidate in Annapolis for parliamentary honours in the Liberal interest, but failed on both occasions to secure his election. His mother, Frances Manning, was the youngest daughter of the Rev. James Manning, a pioneer Baptist minister, who came from the north of Ireland, and settled in Annapolis county, and laboured there in the cause of his divine Master until his death. Attorney-General Longley was educated at Acadia College, where, in June, 1871, he received the degree of B.A., and in 1875 the degree of M.A. In 1871 he began the study of law in Halifax, finished his law studies at Osgoode Hall, Toronto, Ontario, and was admitted to the bar of Nova Scotia 10th September, 1875. In 1875 he was appointed a commissioner of the Supreme Court, and a notary public, and in 1878 he was chosen law clerk of the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia. On the 20th June, 1882, he was elected to represent Annapolis county in the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia, and in October of the same year he was made a commissioner for revising and consolidating the statutes of the province. In July, 1884, Mr. Longley was sworn in as a member of the Executive Council, and on the 25th June, 1886, was appointed attorney-general for his native province. On the 15th June, 1886, he again contested Annapolis county for a seat in the legislature, and was re-elected. Attorney-General Longley is a member of the Alumni of Acadia College, and an ex-president; has been an active member of all the liberal organizations in the province for the past fifteen years, and is ex-president of the Young Men’s Liberal Club of Halifax. He takes a great interest in literary matters, and since 1872 has been a regular contributor to the editorial columns of the _Acadian Recorder_, a regular daily Halifax paper, and also writes on political subjects in various magazines. In politics he is an ardent Liberal, and an uncompromising opponent of the government led by Sir John A. Macdonald. He believes in unrestricted trade relations with the United States as a substitute for the national policy; is opposed to Imperial federation for the reason that the interests of Canada are more closely identified with this continent, and is in favour of the complete abolition of the Senate and all second chambers whatever. In religious matters, though brought up in the Baptist faith, he prefers to give his adhesion to the Episcopal church, with no very high denominational preference. He was married on the 3rd September, 1877, to Annie Brown, of Paradise, and has issue four children, two boys and two girls. * * * * * =Humphrey, John Albert=, M.P.P. for Westmoreland, New Brunswick, Moncton, was born at Southampton, Nova Scotia, in 1823, and is the second son of William and Mary Trueman Humphrey. The father and mother of William Humphrey, the grandparents of the subject of this sketch, came from Yorkshire, England, in 1775, to Halifax, and purchased a farm at Falmouth, near Windsor, Nova Scotia, and remained there until 1797, when William Humphrey died. Three years afterwards his widow and five children removed to Sackville, New Brunswick, where William, her second surviving son, married in 1821, Mary, daughter of William Trueman, who emigrated from Yorkshire, England, in 1775, and settled at Pointe du Bute. The young couple resided at Sackville after their marriage until 1822, when they removed to Southampton, Nova Scotia, and here John Albert first saw the light. Here, and subsequently at Amherst, and at the Mount Allison Wesleyan Academy, Sackville, he received his education. After leaving school he went into business, and from 1845 to 1849 conducted a general milling business for his father, when he purchased what is now known as the Humphrey’s Mills, at Moncton, and removed there. In 1872 he was elected to represent Westmoreland county in the legislature of New Brunswick, and again in 1874 he was returned by the same constituency, but in 1878 he was defeated. He, however, again presented himself for parliamentary honours in 1882, and was elected, and at the general election in 1886 he was honoured once more by being made a member of the Provincial parliament. Mr. Humphrey is now, and from the inception has been, a director in and one of the largest stockholders of the Moncton Gas Light and Water Company, organized in 1878; is a director in and one of the largest stockholders of the Moncton Sugar Refining Company, organized in 1880, and a director and large shareholder in the Moncton Cotton Manufacturing Company, organized in 1883. Mr. Humphrey is also the chief owner of the Moncton woollen manufactory, at Humphrey’s Mills, started in 1884. In religion, he is an adherent of the Methodist church, as nearly all his father’s family have been for the past three generations. In politics he is a Liberal-Conservative, and a strong supporter of the school system, of the union of the provinces, and of the national policy. In 1855, Mr. Humphrey married Sarah Jane, eldest daughter of Michael S. Harris, shipbuilder and merchant, of Moncton. * * * * * =Garneau, Hon. Pierre=, Quebec, Member of the Executive Council, and Commissioner of Crown Lands for the province of Quebec, was born at Cap Santé, Quebec province, on the 8th May, 1823. His ancestors came from France in 1636, and were a family held in high estimation. Hon. Mr. Garneau received his education in his native parish, and shortly after leaving school removed to Quebec city, where he entered into business, and after some years became a leading merchant and public spirited citizen. In 1870 he was elected mayor of the city, and performed the high and important duties of the office so faithfully that on the expiration of his two years’ term he was unanimously re-elected for another two years. He was chief promoter, and became president, of the Quebec and Gulf Ports Steamship Company (now the Quebec Steamship Company); was president of the Quebec Street Railway for fifteen years, when he resigned in 1878; was a government director of the North Shore Railway for many years; and a member of the Canal Commission in 1870. He is a director of the Quebec and Lake St. John Lumber and Trading Company; of the Deléry Gold Mining Company; of La Banque Nationale; of the Quebec Fire Assurance Company; vice-president of the Quebec and Levis Electric Light Co.; and a member of the Quebec Board of Trade. In September, 1874, Hon. Mr. Garneau was appointed a member of the Executive Council, and became commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works for Quebec province; and shortly afterwards held the portfolio of Crown Lands. In March, 1878, the de Boucherville government, of which he was a member, having been defeated, he resigned with his colleagues. He was first elected to the Quebec legislature on the 11th March, 1873, for the county of Quebec, on the resignation of the sitting member; and was re-elected at the general election in 1875. He was an unsuccessful candidate at the general election of 1878, and remained out until 1881, when he was again returned by acclamation. At the general election, held in 1886, he was again forced to retire; but in January, 1887, he was appointed a member of the Legislative Council for De la Durantaye, and became commissioner of Crown Lands in the Mercier administration. Hon. Mr. Garneau was the head and only surviving partner of the well-known wholesale dry goods firm of P. Garneau et Frère, a firm that has been held in the highest repute for years throughout Canada and Europe, and is now senior partner of the firm of P. Garneau, Fils & Cie. In politics he is a Conservative, and in religion a member of the Roman Catholic church. In September, 1857, he was married to Cecilia Burroughs, daughter of the late Edward Burroughs, a well-known and highly respected prothonotary of Quebec. Two sons have been the issue of this marriage. * * * * * =Beaton, Alexander H.=, Medical Superintendent of the Asylum for Idiots, Orillia. The province of Ontario makes generous provision for the part of its population that are unable to provide for themselves. The provincial asylums for idiots, for the insane, the deaf, the dumb, and the blind, are a credit to this young country. The proper management of these institutions entails heavy responsibilities, not only upon the government but upon the public servants who have them in charge. The subject of this sketch, Dr. Alexander H. Beaton, has for ten years occupied the position of superintendent of the Asylum for Idiots, at Orillia, and deserves a full share of the credit due to our asylum officials for the manner in which they discharge duties that are always responsible and often trying and difficult. He was born on the 20th of April, 1838, in the township of Pickering, county of Ontario, on the farm on which the village of Whitevale now stands. His father, Colin Beaton, emigrated from the Island of Mull, Scotland, in 1832, and was one of the pioneer settlers of what is now the splendid county of Ontario. His mother, Christina McKinnon, came from the same part of Scotland in 1820. In those early days Canadian boys usually worked on the farm during summer, and attended school in winter. Alexander H. Beaton was no exception to this rule. His parents, like many of the early settlers, could not afford to give their family a better education than that which could be obtained in their own school section. Fortunately for the Beaton family, the teacher in their section was generally one of the best in the township. Alexander and his younger brother, Donald, were among the best scholars in the school, and were usually found in a prominent place when the teacher wished to “put his best foot forward” on examination days. Both boys had resolved that farming was not to be their life work. At the age of eighteen Alexander obtained a second-class certificate and proceeded to take a place on that “stepping stone” about which so much used to be said by those who complained that many who are now among the most useful and prominent men in the province, merely taught school as a way into some other vocation. His first school was in the township of Vaughan, near Thornhill. In 1857 he taught at Duffin’s Creek, and in the following year entered the office of Ross, Crawford & Crombie, barristers, Toronto, with the intention of studying law. The way to the legal profession was, however, soon blocked. He had not sufficient means to maintain himself in Toronto for five years, and his father had suffered severely in the financial storm which swept over the country at that time. It became necessary to leave Toronto, mount the “stepping stone” again and earn more money. In 1860 and 1861 he taught in Claremont, in the township of Pickering, and in the following year in Ashburn, township of Whitby. During these years the intention of entering the legal profession was abandoned, and he prepared himself for the study of medicine. In the session of 1862 and 1863 he entered the Toronto School of Medicine, and attended the Rolph School in the summer of 1863, there being no summer session in the Toronto School. Continuing his studies in the Rolph School, he was graduated by that institution in April, 1864. Soon after graduation he began the practice of his profession, and continued in practice for twelve years. Nine years of the twelve were spent in Stayner, county of Simcoe, where he enjoyed a large and lucrative practice, when appointed by the Ontario government to his present position. By birth and choice Dr. Beaton is a Presbyterian. Though in favour of wise progress in all proper directions, he is at the same time wisely conservative in ecclesiastical matters, and would readily be classed among the many “solid men” of the Presbyterian family communion. He has for many years been an office-bearer of his church, and takes a deep interest in all matters affecting the welfare of Canadian Presbyterianism. He is liberal in his support of the educational and other institutions of his church, his contributions always ranking with the highest given in his locality. In all his church relations Dr. Beaton is vigorously assisted by Mrs. Beaton, who, along with the family to which she belongs, is devotedly attached to Presbyterianism. Previous to his appointment to his present position, Dr. Beaton took an active part in politics. By birth, training and conviction he is a Liberal. Having a natural aptitude for public speaking and no special dislike to the “roar around the hustings,” as the late D’Arcy McGee once happily put it, his services were always in demand at election times, and were freely given. He took an active part in the exciting contests of 1872 and 1874, and whilst in political life was always ready to do his full share of work and take his full share of responsibility. In January, 1877, he was appointed to his present position, the duties of which have been quietly but faithfully and efficiently discharged. For the proper discharge of these duties Dr. Beaton has many excellent qualifications. He is firm yet kind-hearted, and has the faculty of seeing and appreciating honest worth and real ability in his assistants. The success of an asylum superintendent often depends as much on his tact in dealing with his assistants as on his ability to care for the unfortunates placed under his charge. He readily recognizes real worth, however humble the position of the employee who manifests it, and nothing affords him more pleasure than to see faithfulness and efficiency in his subordinates. In his dealings with the patients under his care he is uniformly kind, his intercourse with them savouring more of the paternal than of the official. He holds the theory that almost any idiot can be educated, at least, to a certain extent, and that it is the duty of the government, which in Ontario simply means the people, to give the idiot population all the education they are capable of receiving. It is assumed, Dr. Beaton argues, that the province should provide a free education for the children that have the proper use of their faculties of mind and body. How much more urgent and binding is the duty of educating those who have impaired bodily powers and the mere germ of an intellect? It is expected that in the new asylum buildings now in course of erection at Orillia, ample provision will be made not only for the care, but also for the training of the patients. The superintendent will then have ample facilities for carrying out his theory, and the unfortunates under his care will, in addition to the comforts of a well-managed home, receive such an education as their faculties permit. In 1870 Dr. Beaton was united in marriage with Margaret Ann McNiven, daughter of Donald McNiven, then a resident of Bradford, county of Simcoe, but at present residing in Harriston, county of Wellington. * * * * * =Ross, Hon. William=, Collector of Customs, Halifax, was born at Boulardarie, Victoria county, Cape Breton, on the 27th December, 1825. His parents, John Ross and Robina Mackenzie, emigrated from Sutherlandshire, Scotland, in 1816, and settled in Pictou, Nova Scotia, and after remaining there five years removed to Boulardarie, Cape Breton. William received his primary education in the public school of his native place, and afterwards was sent to Halifax, where he completed his studies in the Normal School of that city. In 1848 he began business as a merchant in Englishtown, Cape Breton, and in this he continued until 1874. During this period he was extensively engaged in prosecuting the mackarel, herring, cod, and salmon fisheries, and also did a large business in the cattle trade between Cape Breton and Newfoundland. For several years he was postmaster of Englishtown. In 1861 he passed his military examination, and was appointed colonel of the 30th regiment Victoria Militia of Nova Scotia, and retired from active service in