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Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi

Chapter 1

380 words  |  Chapter 1

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi Author: Charles McIlvaine Robert K. Macadam Release date: March 8, 2016 [eBook #51393] Most recently updated: October 23, 2024 Language: English Other information and formats: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/51393 Credits: Produced by KD Weeks, Dianna Adair, Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TOADSTOOLS, MUSHROOMS, FUNGI, EDIBLE AND POISONOUS; ONE THOUSAND AMERICAN FUNGI *** Transcriber’s Note: This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects. Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as _italic_. Bold characters are delimited by ‘=’ as =bold=. The single appearance of blackletter font is noted here by enclosing the text in ‘~’ as ‘~blackletter text~’. Minor errors in punctuation and formatting have been silently corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding the handling of any textual issues encountered during its preparation. The position of illustrations may have been adjusted slightly to avoid falling within a paragraph. [Illustration: GIFTS OF FOREST AND FIELD.] TOADSTOOLS, MUSHROOMS, FUNGI EDIBLE AND POISONOUS ONE THOUSAND AMERICAN FUNGI ~Revised Edition~ HOW TO SELECT AND COOK THE EDIBLE; HOW TO DISTINGUISH AND AVOID THE POISONOUS WITH FULL BOTANIC DESCRIPTIONS BY CHARLES MCILVAINE PRESIDENT PHILADELPHIA MYCOLOGICAL CENTER, HONORARY MEMBER SALEM COUNTY AND GLOUCESTER COUNTY, N.J., MEDICAL SOCIETIES AND ROBERT K. MACADAM TOADSTOOL POISONS AND THEIR TREATMENT, INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS, RECIPES FOR COOKING, ETC., ETC. INDIANAPOLIS THE BOWEN-MERRILL COMPANY PUBLISHERS COPYRIGHT 1900, 1902 THE BOWEN-MERRILL COMPANY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PRESS OF BRAUNWORTH & CO. BOOKBINDERS AND PRINTERS BROOKLYN, N.Y. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CONTENTS List of Illustrations v Preface xiii
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Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. Introduction xv 3. 6. Gyromitra esculenta 546 4. 3. strobiliformis 19 5. 7. prolifera (section) 126 6. 4. Amanita rubescens 21 7. 3. Lentinus lepideus 230 8. 6. humile 81 9. 11. infundibuliformis 100 10. 2. multiceps, var. 94 11. 4. fusipes 116 12. 7. niveus 153 13. 4. volemus 180 14. 7. puellaris 208 15. 5. brevipes 219 16. 2. cervinus var. 245 17. 5. prunulus (section) 255 18. 4. subsquarrosa 275 19. 5. armillatus 323 20. 5. campester 332 21. 5. rhodoxanthus (section) 394 22. 4. solidipes (section) 385 23. 3. castaneus 472 24. 5. crassipes 452 25. 4. pallidus 429 26. 4. scaber areolatus 461, 27. 5. edulis 445 28. 1. Boletus indecisus 468 29. 2. Polyporus sulphureus 485 30. 7. Trametes gibbosa 31. 9. Cantharellus lutescens 218 32. 3. Clavaria pistillaris (dark var.) 524 33. 3. formosa 520 34. 2. echinatum 568 35. INTRODUCTION 36. 8. GILLS EMARGINATE, ALSO ADNATE AND HAVING DECURRENT TOOTH. 37. 15. GILLS DECURRENT; CAP UMBILICATE. 38. 5. RING FIBRILLOSE. 39. 10. VOLVA FRIABLE, DISAPPEARING. 40. 2. AMANITA PHALLOIDES (WHITE 7 5. AMANITA FROSTIANA, 16 41. 3. AMANITA PHALLOIDES (BROWN 7 6. GYROMITRA ESCULENTA, 546 42. 2. AMANITA RUBESCENS AND 21 43. 3. AMANITA STROBILIFORMIS, 19 44. 18. Plate XII, fig. 4, p. 32.) =Pileus= about 4 in. broad, 45. 2. AMANITOPSIS VAGINATA, 29 6. MYCENA PROLIFERA, 126 46. 3. AMANITOPSIS NIVALIS, 29 7. MYCENA PROLIFERA 126 47. 4. AMANITOPSIS STRANGULATA, 30 48. 2. LEPIOTA NAUCINOIDES, 45 4. AMANITA RUBESCENS, 21 49. 1. Armillaria mellea, 55 3–4. Lentinus 230 50. 2. Armillaria mellea var. 56 51. 4. TRICHOLOMA TERREUM, 71 52. 4. CLITOCYBE 108 9. CLITOCYBE ODORA, 90 53. 6. CLITOCYBE MAXIMA 99 11. CLITOCYBE 100 54. 7. CLITOCYBE NEBULARIS, 85 55. 1. CLITOCYBE MULTICEPS, 95 2. CLITOCYBE MULTICEPS, 95 56. 2. COLLYBIA PLATYPHYLLA 114 4. COLLYBIA FUSIPES, 116 57. 1. HYGROPHORUS PRATENSIS (WHITE 5. HYGROPHORUS 58. 2. HYGROPHORUS PRATENSIS (COLORED 6. HYGROPHORUS VIRGINEUS, 59. 3. HYGROPHORUS PRATENSIS (AFTER 7. HYGROPHORUS NIVEUS, 60. 4. HYGROPHORUS MINIATUS, 159 61. 146. Plate XXXVIII, p. 147.) =Pileus= 1–2 in. and more broad, somewhat 62. 2. LACTARIUS INDIGO, 171 4. LACTARIUS VOLEMUS, 180 63. 4. RUSSULA SORDIDA, 190 64. 3. CRATERELLUS 508 65. 1. PLUTEUS CERVINUS, 243 2. PLUTEUS CERVINUS, 245 66. 2. CLITOPILUS ABORTIVUS 256 5. CLITOPILUS PRUNULUS 255 67. 3. CLITOPILUS ABORTIVUS 258 68. 7. Stem longer than the width of the zoneless C. albogriseus 69. 7. Stem shorter than the width of the commonly C. micropus 70. 11. Stems not cespitose, hollow C. Seymourianus 71. 1. _Pileus not hygrophanous._ 72. 2. _Pileus hygrophanous._ 73. 1. Spores angulated. C. depluens 74. 2. Pileus striatulate when C. Greigensis 75. 2. Pileus not striatulate C. byssisedus 76. 2. PHOLIOTA CAPERATA, 270 4. PHOLIOTA SUBSQUARROSA, 275 77. 1. CORTINARIUS 318 4. CORTINARIUS TURMALIS, 309 78. 2. CORTINARIUS VIOLACEUS, 314 5. CORTINARIUS 323 79. 3. CORTINARIUS OCHRACEUS, 319 80. 1892. In woods. September to frost. _McIlvaine._ 81. 2. AGARICUS SILVICOLA, 343 5. AGARICUS CAMPESTER 332 82. 3. AGARICUS PLACOMYCES, 345 83. 2. HYPHOLOMA PERPLEXUM, 354 4. GOMPHIDIUS RHODOXANTHUS, 394 84. 1. Stem solid or stuffed, flesh whitish, gills sublateritium 85. 2. Cap yellow or tinged with tawny, stem yellow, fasciculare 86. 2. Cap brick-red, stem ferruginous, gills green, elæodes 87. 3. Cap red or brick-red, with a yellow margin; gills perplexum 88. 4. Gills yellow, becoming gray, neither green nor epixanthum 89. 2. COPRINUS MICACEUS, 378 4. PANAEOLUS SOLIDIPES 385 90. 3. Pileus soon red-squamose B. pictus 91. 1. Tubes yellowish with reddish, or 92. 2. Stem lacunose-reticulated and 93. 4. Tubes free, or if adnate then 94. 4. Tubes adnate, not stuffed when 95. 6. Tubes free or nearly so, 96. 7. Stem spongy within, soon cavernous 97. 11. Tubes yellowish or stuffed when 98. 11. Tubes whitish, not stuffed. (p. 459.) Versipelles 99. 1. Stem dotted both above and below the 100. 13. Pileus adorned with tufts of hairs or 101. 14. Stem whitish or yellowish-white 102. 17. Pileus some other color B. collinitus 103. 22. Taste acrid or peppery B. piperatus 104. 2. BOLETUS SUBAUREUS, 414 105. 3. BOLETUS FULVUS, 465 106. 1. Tubes free, with red mouths B. auriflammeus 107. 2. Stem pallid, with a circumscribing red B. glabellus 108. 2. Stem yellow, sometimes with red stains B. 109. 6. Pileus reticulated with subcutaneous brown B. dictyocephalus 110. 8. Stem yellowish, streaked with brown B. innixus 111. 3. BOLETUS RUBROPUNCTUS, 429 112. 1. Flesh or tubes changing to blue where 2 113. 6. Tube mouths minute B. spadiceus 114. 3. BOLETUS ILLUDENS, 439 115. 1. Stem red in the depressions, tubes tinged with B. Morgani 116. 1. Stem pale-yellow, tubes not greenish B. Betula 117. 9. Pileus gray or grayish-black, stem straight B. griseus 118. 3. Tubes tinged with green or becoming green where 6 119. 8. Stem even, brownish-red B. decorus 120. 1898. _McIlvaine._ 121. 7. Pileus reddish-tawny or brown B. Sullivantii 122. 2. Margin of the pileus B. versipellis 123. 3. Stem scabrous or B. scaber 124. 4. Pileus dark-brown B. sordidus 125. 1. Stem slender, generally less than four B. 126. 3. Tubes round, white B. 127. 4. Taste mild B. 128. 4. Taste bitter B. felleus 129. 1898. The stem of some specimens spreads at the top. The pileus is often 130. 1. BOLETUS INDECISUS, 468 2–3–4. BOLETUS FELLEUS, 460 131. 1. Pileus granulated B. Murray 132. 1. FISTULINA HEPATICA, 477 2. POLYPORUS SULPHUREUS, 485 133. 2. POLYSTICTUS VERSICOLOR. } About natural 134. 4. POLYPORUS PERENNIS AND } 135. 7. TRAMETES GIBBOSA. } 136. 1897. =Cap= and =stem= dark brown. =Spines= darker. =Stem= swelling 137. 2. PEZIZA COCCINEA, 559 7. CRATERELLUS SINUOSUS, 510 138. 3. PEZIZA AURANTIA, 557 8. CRATERELLUS 509 139. 5. HYPOMYCES LACTIFLUORUM, 562 140. 2. CLAVARIA AUREA, 520 141. 1. CLAVARIA FUSIFORMIS, 523 3. CLAVARIA PISTILLARIS 524 142. 2. CLAVARIA PISTILLARIS 524 143. 1894. The mass was 2 in. in diameter. Separating them was taking the 144. 1. PHALLUS. Page 571. 145. 2. MUTINUS. Page 575. 146. 3. CLATHRUS. 147. 4. SIMBLUM. 148. 5. LATERNEA. 149. 1. POLYPLOCIUM. 150. 2. BATARREA. 151. 3. MYRIOSTOMA. 152. 4. GEASTER. Page 580. 153. 5. ASTRÆUS. 154. 6. MITREMYCES. 155. 7. TYLOSTOMA. Page 582. 156. 8. CALVATIA. Page 582. 157. 9. LYCOPERDON. Page 589. 158. 10. BOVISTELLA. Page 608. 159. 11. CATASTOMA. Page 609. 160. 12. BOVISTA. Page 610. 161. 13. MYCENASTRUM. Page 613. 162. 1. Having washed and cleansed them from the earth which is apt to 163. 2. MORELLES A L'ITALIENNE.—Having washed and dried, divide them across, 164. Introduction, xv

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