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Fifty Years In The Northwest by William H. C. Folsom

1854. Charles Hutchinson was the first postmaster, and the office was

2194 words  |  Chapter 91

held in this pioneer store. J. S. Rounce, in 1870, built the first foundry in Pierce county. The water powers of River Falls have been extensively utilized, many saw and flouring mills having been erected at various times on the Kinnikinic. Of these, in 1886, the more notable are, the Junction mills, owned by Freeman, Rhyder & Co., with a capacity of 400 barrels daily, and a barrel manufactory attached, which gives employment to 40 men and turns off from 300 to 400 barrels daily. The Greenwood mills, owned by Geo. Fortune & Co., capacity 50 barrels; the Cascade mills, owned by the Baker estate, capacity 50 barrels; the Prairie mill, built by C. B. Cox in 1858, and now owned by J. D. Putnam, capacity 150 barrels. In educational matters River Falls has taken and maintained an advanced position. The first school house was built in 1854, by seven men, at a cost of five hundred dollars. Helen Flint taught the first school. In 1856 a joint stock association was incorporated as "The River Falls Academy." A building was erected, 36 × 66 feet, ground plan, and two stories in height. Prof. Wilcox was the first principal. This school was maintained as an academy until 1860, at which time it was superseded by the free schools. In the fall of 1879 the building was destroyed by fire. Subsequently a commodious brick structure was erected in its place at a cost of $15,000. Excellent private schools were maintained by Hinckley, Cody and Baker, for five years during the '60s. The State Normal School, of which a more extended account is given elsewhere, was established here, and a building erected in 1874, at a cost of about $65,000, the people of River Falls and other towns contributing to this fund $25,000, with private subscriptions to the amount of $12,000, and a donation of ten acres of land. Of the $25,000 River Falls gave $10,000, Troy $4,000, Clifton $3,000, while Pierce county contributed $5,000, and Kinnikinic, St. Croix county, gave $3,000. The building, a handsome brick, four stories high, including the basement, stands on an elevated plat of ground in the southeastern part of the city. The first board of instruction consisted of W. D. Parker, president, with the following assistants: J. B. Thayer, conductor of teachers' institute; A. Earthman, history, geography, music; Lucy E. Foot, English literature, reading, spelling; Julia A. McFarlan, mathematics; Margaret Hosford, Latin and English literature. Model department, Ellen C. Jones, teacher, grammar grade; Mary A. Kelley, teacher, intermediate grade; Lizzie J. Curtis, teacher, primary grade. The following are the churches of River Falls, with date of establishment and name of first pastor when known: Congregational, 1855, Rev. James Stirratt; Baptist, 1857, Rev. A. Gibson; Methodist, 1858; Episcopal, 1871, Rev. Chas. Thorpe; Catholic, 1875, Rev. Father Connelly; Seventh Day Adventist, 1881. With the exception of the last named, these church organizations have good buildings. The Congregational church building erected in 1857 was superseded by a building in 1867 that cost $10,000. This was destroyed by a tornado in 1868, but has since been rebuilt at the cost of the building destroyed, and a parsonage has been added at a cost of $2,000. A Sunday-school was established in River Falls in 1853, and the first sermon was preached, in 1850 or 1851, by Rev. Julius S. Webber, a Baptist missionary. Rev. John Wilcoxson, an Episcopalian, held occasional services as early as 1859. ASSOCIATIONS. The following are the social and benevolent associations of River Falls, with dates of organization: Masonic Lodge, June, 1859; I. O. O. F., 1872; I. O. G. T., March 15, 1877; Juvenile Temple of Honor, March 15, 1877; Temple of Honor, March 31, 1878; A. O. U. W., 1878. The hall, fixtures and charter of the Odd Fellows Lodge was destroyed in the fire of 1876, but the lodge was rechartered the same year. THE BANK OF RIVER FALLS Was organized Jan. 1, 1874. ---- Bartlett, president; Joseph M. Smith, cashier. Capital, $15,000. It was reorganized in 1883, under state law, R. S. Burhyte, president; W. D. Parker, vice president; J. M. Smith, cashier. Capital stock, $35,000. Total business in 1885, $5,770,733.98. HUDSON & RIVER FALLS RAILROAD. This road was built in 1878, the people of River Falls contributing $60,000 to its construction. The road is ten miles in length. In 1885 it was extended to Ellsworth, a distance of twelve miles. RIVER FALLS BOARD OF TRADE Was established in 1884. A. D. Andrews, president; C. H. Keys, secretary. FIRES. In 1875 the Metropolitan Hotel, costing $15,000, and other buildings were burned; loss $30,000. The insurance was light. In 1876 a large portion of the town was destroyed by fire. RIVER FALLS CITY. River Falls was incorporated as a city in 1885. At the first election for city officers, held April 7th, three hundred and nineteen votes were cast, and the following persons were declared duly elected to the positions named: Mayor, A. A. Andrews; treasurer, G. E. Pratt; assessor, E. H. Daniel; aldermen, First ward, W. W. Wadsworth; Second ward, L. M. Rosenquist; Third ward, R. N. Jenson; Fourth ward, L. Styles; marshal, R. N. Bevens; city clerk, Allen H. Weld. The license for the sale of intoxicants was fixed at $200. The population of River Falls in 1886 was 1,700. It is a lively, prosperous city, planned on a liberal scale, with wide streets, well shaded with ornamental trees. The mills have reservations by which they are separated from the business part of the city. The beauty of the original waterfalls is somewhat marred by the mills and their debris. Originally they were very beautiful and picturesque, and were widely celebrated, and much visited by the lovers of Nature. Of these falls there are four, two on the south branch, one on the north branch, and one some rods below the junction of the two streams. The falls were not noted for their grandeur, but rather for their quiet beauty, the water falling over ledges but a few feet in height, and so broken in two of them as to present the general appearance of a succession of stairs, or steps, of unequal elevation, over which the water falls. An interesting feature at the junction of the two rivers is the cave in which the pioneer settler, Judge Joel Foster, with his negro boy, spent the winter of 1848-49. From his cave cabin he had full view of the falls on the two streams, no less beautiful in their winter dress of gleaming icicles, with the frost-whitened boughs of the willow and alder drooping over them, than in their summer brightness. The judge has told me that he loved, almost worshiped, this spot. The cave cabin stood about one hundred feet from the sparkling stream. There, in the early morning, he could cast his line, and have for his regal breakfast the speckled trout. Above him towered a precipice crowned with evergreen trees, and around him, on the borders of the streams, were the elm and maple, and an undergrowth of alder and birch. There certainly could have been no fairer scene in the West. To-day no traces remain of the old cave cabin. The Junction mills have effaced the more beautiful and poetic features of the scene. The judge has passed away, and found a grave on an elevation overlooking his old home and the scenes he loved so well. The judge, although a friend to progress, and active in advancing the material interests of the locality in which he lived, was unalterably opposed to the movement to incorporate River Falls, and did all he could to defeat the measure. When the incorporative act had been passed, he moved outside of the city limits, declaring that he would neither live nor die within them; but having been fatally injured by an accident, he was brought back to his old home, and died within the city. THE FOURTH STATE NORMAL SCHOOL AT RIVER FALLS--HISTORY. The constitution of the State, adopted in 1848, provides "that the revenue of the school fund shall be exclusively applied to the following objects: "_First_--To the support and maintenance of common schools in each school district, and the purchase of suitable libraries and appurtenances therefor. "_Second_--That the residue of the income of the school fund shall be appropriated to the support of academies and normal schools, and suitable libraries and appurtenances therefor." No effort was made to take advantage of this provision of the constitution for the endowment of normal schools until 1857, when an act was passed providing "that the income of twenty-five per cent of the proceeds arising from the sale of swamp and overflowed lands should be appropriated to normal institutes and academies, under the supervision and direction of a 'board of regents of normal schools,'" who were to be appointed in pursuance of the provisions of that act. Under this law, the income placed at the disposal of the regents was distributed for several years to such colleges, academies and high schools as maintained a normal class, and in proportion to the number of pupils in the class who passed satisfactory examinations, conducted by an agent of the board. The law under which these schools are organized provides that "the exclusive purpose of each normal school shall be the instruction and training of persons, both male and female, in the theory and art of teaching, and in all the various branches that pertain to a good common school education, and in all subjects needful to qualify for teaching in the public schools; also to give instruction in the fundamental laws of the United States and of this State, and in what regards the rights and duties of citizens." REGULATIONS FOR ADMISSION TO THE NORMAL SCHOOLS. Tuition is free to all students who are admitted to these normal schools under the following regulations of the board of regents: _First_--Each assembly district in the State shall be entitled to eight representatives in the normal schools, and in case vacancies exist in the representation to which any assembly district is entitled, such vacancies may be filled by the president and secretary of the board of regents. _Second_--Candidates for admission shall be nominated by the superintendent of the county (or if the county superintendent has not jurisdiction, then the nomination shall be made by the city superintendent) in which such candidate may reside, and shall be at least sixteen years of age, of sound bodily health and good moral character. Each person so nominated shall receive a certificate setting forth his name, age, health and character. _Third_--Upon the presentation of such certificate to the president of a normal school, the candidate shall be examined, under the direction of said president, in the branches required by law for a third grade certificate, except history, theory and practice of teaching, and if found qualified to enter the normal school in respect to learning, he may be admitted after furnishing such evidence as the president may require of good health and good moral character, and after subscribing to the following declaration: I, ---- ----, do hereby declare that my purpose in entering this State Normal School is to fit myself for the profession of teaching, and that it is my intention to engage in teaching in the schools of the State. _Fourth_--No person shall be entitled to a diploma who has not been a member of the school in which such diploma is granted, at least one year, nor who is less than nineteen years of age; a certificate of attendance may be granted by the president of a normal school to any person who shall have been a member of such school for one term; provided, that in his judgment such certificate is deserved. As an addition to the work of the normal schools, the board of regents are authorized to expend a sum not exceeding $5,000 annually, to sustain teachers' institutes, and may employ an agent for that purpose. Institutes are regarded as important auxiliaries and feeders to the normal schools. At present one professor from each normal school is employed conducting institutes every spring and fall. The normal school fund now amounts to over $1,250,000, and yields an annual income of about $100,000. It will be increased by the further sale of swamp lands, and will prove ample for the objects for which it is set apart. In 1865 the legislature divided the swamp lands and swamp land fund into two equal parts, one for drainage purposes, the other to constitute a normal school fund. The income of the latter was to be applied to establishing, supporting and maintaining normal schools, under the direction and management of the board of regents of normal schools, with a proviso that one-fourth of such income should be transferred to the common school fund, until the annual income of that fund should reach $200,000. During the same year, proposals were invited for extending aid in establishment of a normal school, and propositions were received from various places. In 1866 the board of regents was incorporated by the legislature. JOEL FOSTER.--Judge Foster was born at Meriden, Connecticut, Dec. 15,
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Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. INTRODUCTION. 3. INTRODUCTION. 4. CHAPTER I. 5. CHAPTER II. 6. CHAPTER III. 7. CHAPTER IV 8. CHAPTER V. 9. CHAPTER VI. 10. CHAPTER VII 11. CHAPTER VIII. 12. CHAPTER IX. 13. CHAPTER X. 14. CHAPTER XI. 15. CHAPTER XII. 16. CHAPTER XIII. 17. CHAPTER XIV. 18. CHAPTER XV. 19. CHAPTER XVI. 20. CHAPTER XVII. 21. CHAPTER XVIII. 22. CHAPTER XIX. 23. CHAPTER XX. 24. CHAPTER XXI. 25. CHAPTER XXII. 26. CHAPTER XXIII. 27. Chapter II, page 32, read Stillwater and St. Croix County, instead of 28. CHAPTER I. 29. 1781. Mr. Brisbois lived a stirring and eventful life. He died in 30. CHAPTER II. 31. 1845. Capt. Wm. Holcombe acted during this period as clerk of the 32. CHAPTER III. 33. 1857. From 1857 to 1869 he was also a heavy logger alone. Mr. Anderson 34. 1777. He was married to Hannah Greely, a second cousin, at Hopkinton, 35. 1882. His wife survived him but a few months. The bodies of both were 36. 1885. She was the last of her family, husband and daughter having 37. 1846. As a business man he is capable and shrewd, giving close 38. 1838. In 1839 he drove the first herd of cattle through a wilderness 39. 1847. He was appointed clerk of the first Minnesota territorial term 40. 1848. He engaged in lumbering and scaling continuously. He was born in 41. 1820. He spent his youth on his father's farm, and received a common 42. 1843. He settled in Stillwater in 1844, and removed to his farm in 43. 1844. He came to America in June, 1847, and to Stillwater in 1848. Mr. 44. 1815. He was reared during his minority by an uncle, at Cambridge, New 45. 1853. In 1852 Gov. Ramsey appointed him territorial auditor. He was a 46. 1838. He became a great sufferer in the later years of his life. He 47. 1826. He received a good common school education. At the age of 48. 1857. Mrs. McPhail died in Stillwater in 1885. They left no children. 49. 1845. He was married in 1860 to Miss Jackins. He made his home in 50. CHAPTER IV. 51. 1838. Polk county, originally a part of Crawford, in 1840 became a 52. CHAPTER V. 53. 1857. The name of Gov. Holcombe will long be remembered in the valley 54. 1850. Through untiring industry and honorable dealing he has secured a 55. 1884. Mr. Stratton wrote for the Minneapolis papers many interesting 56. 1826. He settled on a farm near St. Croix Falls in 1856, where he 57. 24. The first sermon in the town of Clayton was preached by Rev. W. W. 58. 19. The west part is somewhat broken by the St. Croix bluffs; the 59. 1866. Few men have been more active in the opening up of a new 60. 1861. A. A. Heald, M. C. Lane and John Hurness were the first 61. 1864. Their new house of worship was built in 1870. The first settlers 62. 1867. It is situated on the same stream, a few rods above the first. 63. 1856. These have been succeeded by Rice, Webb, Clark Brothers, 64. 1853. The first white child born was John Francis, in 1847. The first 65. 1858. In 1874 he removed to Ashland, Wisconsin, where he died in 1878, 66. CHAPTER VI. 67. 1849. James Hughes was appointed in 1850. The first district court was 68. 1852. A day was fixed in 1852 to vote on the change of name, Willow 69. 20. Wm. H. Phipps. 70. 1838. Mr. Bouchea had been educated for the Catholic priesthood. He 71. 24. He took a deep interest in the affairs of the pioneer settlement, 72. 1847. Mr. Andrews was a carpenter and took some important building 73. 1847. He was appointed receiver of the United States land office at 74. 1812. His parents were George and Mary Hoyt. Both grandfathers were 75. 1814. He removed to Harford, Pennsylvania, with his parents when six 76. 1851. He was married to Clarissa A. Day in 1841, who with one son and 77. 1850. Mr. Jones died in 1874. Mrs. Jones, five sons and two daughters 78. 1827. At eighteen years of age, he went to Weston, New York, where he 79. 1881. In 1887 he served again as a member of the assembly. 80. 1833. He received a common school and academic education and attended 81. 1884. He was a man of eccentric manners, but upright life. 82. 14. By industry and perseverance they have become independent, and own 83. 1848. In 1830 he was a member of the Maine legislature; in 1849 and 84. 1867. He was married in 1867 to Mary J. Stewart, of Pennsylvania. He 85. 1858. The North Wisconsin railroad passes through the southeast corner 86. 1870. He left a widow and four sons, three of them farmers in Troy. 87. CHAPTER VII. 88. 1886. His home business is farming and real estate. He was married in 89. 1854. A building for a graded school was erected in 1859. A high 90. 19. Trimbelle river drains the eastern portion and the Kinnikinic the 91. 1854. Charles Hutchinson was the first postmaster, and the office was 92. 1814. He was liberally educated. He came to Edwardsville, Illinois, in 93. 1830. He graduated at the Chicago Medical College in 1860, and in 1861 94. 1810. He graduated at Yale College. He came to River Falls in 1858 and 95. 1866. The first town meeting was held at the house of J. Prickett. The 96. 1871. The first settlers in the order of their coming were James 97. 6. It was organized Aug. 15, 1863. Among its first settlers were 98. CHAPTER VIII. 99. 19. He built a flour and saw mill, the first in the county, a good 100. 1865. He subsequently became the first settler in the town of 101. 1877. Millions of feet of pine timber have been gathered and marketed 102. CHAPTER IX. 103. 9. It has seventy-five miles of lake shore, with some fine harbors, 104. 1855. It was the first newspaper published at the head of Lake 105. CHAPTER X. 106. 20. It contains about forty dwellings, three large boarding houses, 107. 1874. His seat was contested by John Hallburg, of Centre City. The 108. CHAPTER XI. 109. 1883. The first supervisors were Eric Hokansen, John Rines and Haquin 110. 1855. He lived there eight years and filled various responsible 111. CHAPTER XII. 112. 1703. This fort was in all probability erected on the plateau below 113. 1884. There is also a good school house. The village was incorporated 114. 1852. Henry married Margaret Smith, daughter of David Smith. During 115. 1856. He died in 1874, leaving a widow, two sons and two daughters. 116. 1873. They have three children. Elof, John, Elias and Hans are 117. 1865. In 1868 he came to Taylor's Falls and engaged in teaching, which 118. 1859. The first marriage was that of Peter Abear to Kittie Wickland. 119. 26. Mr. and Mrs. Walmarson reared a fine family of children. Nelson 120. CHAPTER XIII. 121. 1863. At the close of the war, in 1865, he settled in St. Paul and 122. 1865. He died in 1872. Edward H., his second son, for some years has 123. 1823. He came to Marine Mills in 1844. For two years he was in the 124. 1804. He graduated at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 125. 1822. In the spring of 1849 he came westward, and engaged in 126. CHAPTER XIV. 127. 1847. A military road was surveyed from Point Douglas to Superior 128. 1840. In 1843 he opened a grindstone quarry in the soft, coarse 129. 1854. The first child born was Nathan, son of John Atkinson, in 1846; 130. 1867. In 1885 they removed to California. 131. 1874. Four children survive him. 132. 1858. In 1874 a large church 50 × 80 feet, ground plan, and with 133. 1875. Rev. L. O. Lindh was the first pastor. Oakland Cemetery 134. 1858. The Marine flour mill was built in 1856 by Gaskell & Co. The 135. 1859. Henry F., a son by his first wife, enlisted in 1862, in the 136. 1869. A plat of ten acres, beautifully situated in a natural grove 137. 1855. They were followed by Dunn, Barnum, Hatch and Beecroft. 138. 1819. He was married to Sarah Blanchard in 1848. Mr. Jackman, with his 139. 1849. Their children are Daniel, Thomas, James, Elisabeth, Mary, 140. 1826. In 1844 he came with his parents to St. Louis, Missouri, where 141. 22. This fragment contains the famous painted rock, now included in 142. 1841. He was married in 1846 to Jane Middleton. 143. 1815. Mr. Gilbert settled in Woodbury in 1851. In company with Mr. 144. CHAPTER XV. 145. 1850. It was organized regularly in 1853 by Rev. T. M. Fullerton. The 146. 1878. Two great fires occurred in the penitentiary in 1884. The 147. 1850. He was educated at the high school in Bangor. With his brother 148. 1829. Part of his early life he spent on a farm, but later he learned 149. 1851. In 1858 he came to Stillwater, and in 1861 was awarded the 150. 1824. Her parents emigrated to America in 1847 and settled in 151. 1886. Mr. Butts was married to Augusta Miller in 1856. Mrs. Butts 152. 1828. His parents were natives of Massachusetts, tracing their lineage 153. 1836. He came to Osceola, Polk county, Wisconsin, in 1850. In 1859 he 154. 1858. He was intrusted with the expenditure of public moneys from 155. CHAPTER XVI. 156. 1859. This bank, a private institution, was the beginning of the 157. 1820. He came to Minnesota in 1851, locating at St. Anthony, but in 158. 1877. The first supervisors were Moses Ripley, George Tisdale and 159. CHAPTER XVII. 160. 1854. The proprietors were J. Russell, G. M. Sweet and S. Van Nest. 161. 1855. Asa White, D. Gilman, C. W. Borup, N. Myrick, Gen. Lowry, and 162. 1827. He served an apprenticeship to a printer in Canada for five 163. 1809. He received a common school and academic education, and learned 164. 32. It derives its name from a rapid in the Mississippi river, formed 165. 1853. One daughter lives in Alabama and his youngest son is a 166. 1871. The name, Brainerd, was given to the new town in honor of Mrs. 167. CHAPTER XVIII. 168. 1884. The proprietors are the Minnesota Iron Company, of which 169. CHAPTER XIX. 170. 1849. A post office was established and Ard Godfrey was appointed 171. 1871. Edwin S. Brown. 172. 1871. Eli B. Ames. 173. 1888. A. A. Ames. 174. 1811. He received an academic education, and remained with his parents 175. 1814. He was the oldest son of Billy and Phebe (Baker) Ames, whose 176. 1818. In 1829 he removed with his parents to Lower Canada, where he 177. 1860. In 1862 he enlisted in Company D, Sixth Minnesota Volunteers, 178. 1809. He was educated at Princeton College and West Point, graduating 179. 1844. He served as a soldier during the Mexican War. He was the first 180. CHAPTER XX. 181. 1865. Of Benoit little or nothing is known. The Freeman brothers were 182. 1847. Its effects, however, were not greatly felt until toward the 183. 1888. Robert A. Smith. 184. 1857. The early settlers were much disturbed by roving bands of 185. 1886. 1887. 186. CHAPTER XXI. 187. 1861. In 1863, before the expiration of his second term, he was 188. 1806. He received a thorough classical and medical education. In 1828 189. 1822. He came to La Crosse, Wisconsin, in 1840. The writer first met 190. 1820. His father, Otis Bigelow, was a Revolutionary patriot and 191. 1842. In 1845 he came to St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, remained at this 192. 1820. He studied law with his father, Judge Samuel J. Wilkin, and 193. 1858. He was married to Helen M. Olds, in New York, in 1840. Their two 194. CHAPTER XXII. 195. 1830. He received a common and high school education and spent one 196. 1868. He served as state senator in 1866-67. He has been an 197. CHAPTER XXIII. 198. 1817. His early life was passed amongst the Ojibways in the employ of 199. 1842. When he came to Gray Cloud island he was accompanied by a Mr. 200. 1827. Mr. Berry received an excellent education at the Pittsfield 201. 1879. He has been twice married. His first wife was Ellen Brady, of 202. 1878. He married a second wife in 1880. His family consists of eight 203. 1634. Jean Nicollet ventured into Wisconsin, and explored the country 204. 1658. Two fur traders penetrated to Lake Superior and wintered there, 205. 1660. Rev. M. Menard with eight companions came to La Pointe, Lake 206. 1665. Claude Allouez, an eminent pioneer missionary, succeeded Menard, 207. 1669. Father Allouez established a mission on the shores of Green bay, 208. 1670. Father Allouez made a voyage of the Fox and Wisconsin rivers to 209. 1671. In this year the French took formal possession of the whole 210. 1673. Louis Joliet, accompanied by Father James Marquette, discovered 211. 1674. Father Marquette coasted Lake Michigan, from Green Bay, by 212. 1679. The Griffin, a schooner built by La Salle, and the first to make 213. 1680. About the first of May Father Louis Hennepin arrived at Mille 214. 1683. Le Sueur made a voyage of the Fog and Wisconsin rivers to the 215. 1688. Nicholas Perrot first planted the cross and arms of France on 216. 1695. Le Sueur built a fort on Isle Pelee, in the Mississippi, below 217. 1700. Le Sueur established Fort L'Huillier, on the Blue Earth river 218. 1719. Francis Renalt explored the Upper Mississippi with two hundred 219. 1721. Previous to this date a French fort had been established at 220. 1727. The French established a fort on Lake Pepin, with Sieur de 221. 1728. There was a great flood in the Mississippi, and Fort Beauharnois 222. 1751. Sieur Marin, in command at Green Bay, made a peace with the 223. 1761. Capt. Balfour and Lieut. Gorrell, with English troops, took 224. 1763. The English, under Lieut. Gorrell, abandoned Green Bay in 225. 1766. Capt. Jonathan Carver visited St. Anthony falls and Minnesota 226. 1774. A civil government was established over Canada and the 227. 1786. Julian Dubuque explored the lead region of the Upper 228. 1788. There was an Indian council at Green Bay. Permission to work the 229. 1793. Lawrence Barth built a cabin at the portage of the Fog and 230. 1796. The western posts were surrendered by the English to the United 231. 1803. Antoine Barth settled at the portage of the Fog and Wisconsin 232. 1809. Thomas Nuttall, the botanist, explored Wisconsin. 233. 1814. Gov. Clark took possession of Prairie du Chien. Prairie du Chien 234. 1816. Indian treaty confirming that of 1804. 235. 1818. State of Illinois was organized; Wisconsin attached to Michigan. 236. 1822. The New York Indians purchase lands east of Lake Winnebago. 237. 1823. January. Counties of Brown, Crawford and Michillimackinac made a 238. 1824. First term of United States court held at Green Bay, Judge Duane 239. 1825. Great flood on the Red River of the North; a part of the colony 240. 1827. Rush of speculators to lead mines. 241. 1828. Fort Winnebago built. Indian treaty at Green Bay. Lead ore 242. 1832. Black Hawk War. 243. 1834. The portion of Minnesota west of the Mississippi attached to 244. 1837. Gov. Dodge, of Wisconsin, made a treaty at Fort Snelling, with 245. 1838. The treaty ratified by Congress. Frank Steele makes a claim at 246. 1840. St. Croix county established. 247. 1847. The Wisconsin constitutional convention meets. The town of St. 248. 1848. May 29th, Wisconsin admitted. August 26th, the "Stillwater 249. 1850. Great flood on the Mississippi. Minnesota river navigated by 250. 1851. Permanent location of the capital of Minnesota at St Paul. 251. 1852. President Pierce appoints Willis A. Gorman governor of 252. 1854. Real estate mania commenced. Treaty with the Chippewas at La 253. 1855. Treaty at Washington, District of Columbia, with the Chippewas, 254. 1857. Enabling act to admit Minnesota passed Congress. President 255. 1858. Minnesota admitted as a state. State loan of $250,000 256. 1859. Hard times. Work on the land grant road ceases. Collapse of the 257. 1861. April 13th. President's proclamation for troops received. The 258. 1862. Call for 600,000 men. August 17th, massacre at Acton; 18th, 259. 1863. Gen. Sibley's expedition to the Missouri river. July 3d, Little 260. 1864. Large levies for troops. Expedition to Missouri river under 261. 1865. Peace returns. Minnesota regiments return and are disbanded; in 262. 1873. January 7th, 8th and 9th, polar wave sweeps over the State; 263. 1876. September 7th, armed outlaws from Missouri attack a Northfield 264. 1878. May 2d, three flouring mills at Minneapolis explode; eighteen 265. 1880. November 15th, hospital for the insane at St. Peter partly 266. 1886. Cyclone destroys Sauk Rapids. Wisconsin legislature adopts 267. 1854. Several reservations were set aside in each purchase for the 268. 1887. Alvah H. Heald, receiver; Wm. M. Blanding, register. 269. 4. Albert Henry Judd, Orange Walker, Samuel Burkelo, Hiram Berkey, 270. 5. Martin Mower, David B. Loomis; Lots 7 and 8, Sec. 29, T. 31, R. 19, 271. 6. John Allen; Lots 4 and 5, Sec. 2, T. 29, R. 20, west of river; gold 272. 7. Eleazer R. Steves; Lots 1 and 2, Sec. 14, T. 29, R. 20, east of 273. 10. Himan W. Greely; E. 1/2 of N. E. 1/4, Sec. 22, T. 29, R. 20, gold. 274. 21. Himan W. Greely; W. 1/2 of N. E. 1/4, Sec. 22, T. 29, R. 20, gold. 275. 1832. This lake is really the source of the Mississippi, though from 276. 1888. David Day. 277. 1887. Morton S. Wilkinson. 278. 1875. The _True Republican_ was established by M. A. Fulton in 1875, 279. 1850. He is now a resident of Fleming, Cayuga county, New York.

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