1910. (Ae. C. F. pilot 31). Distinguished himself on _H. Farmans_

and _Sommers_. On his return to Russia he was made chief instructor of the special school of the Volunteer Aerial Association. ELLEHAMMER (J. C. H.), Istedgade 119, Copenhagen. Commenced aviation studies in 1905. On 12th Sept., 1906, he made a flight--the first in Europe since Ader. ELLYSON (Lieut. T. G.) U.S. Navy. In company with Lieut. Towers made the first flights ever made in a hydro-aeroplane. ELY (Eugene B.) American. Was the first to fly successfully off a warship, which he did in a _Curtiss_ biplane on January 19th, 1911, from the U.S. cruiser _Pennsylvania_. Killed 1911. ENGLEHARDT (Kapitan). Prominent figure in German aeronautical and aviation circles. Writer on aerial subjects. Began flying in 1910, in which year he won several prizes. Killed 1911. EQUIVELLY (Marquis d'), 2 Place Wagram, Paris. Pioneer aviator, with a queer multiplane, 1907. ERBSLOCH (the _late_ Oscar). Well known aeronaut. Inventor of a German dirigible, the _R. M. W. G._, afterwards named after him. He was killed in it with four others, July, 1910. ESDAILE. British. Pioneered aviation displays in India, 1912. ESNAULT-PELTERIE (Robert), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine), France. Early experimenter with aeroplanes. Flew the first _R.E.P._, October, 1907. Designer of the _R.E.P._ engine. ESPITALLIER (Georges), 25 Rue St. Petersburg, Paris. Associated with the late Col. Renard in early dirigible experiments. Author of many aeronautical works. ETRICH (Igo), Rotunde, Vienna II. Pioneer aviator with Wels. Designer of the _Etrich_ monoplane--the first Austrian machine to fly. EVANS (William Evans), 1428, Charlotte Street, Kansas City, Mo. Purchased a biplane built by Dr. William Greene, who has since given up aeroplane building. Evans made a number of exhibitions in the middle West, but had given up flying by summer of 1911. EWEN (W. H.) British. Head of the School for British _Caudron_. "F. A. I." Federation of the leading Aero Clubs of all countries, for control of International Aviation Meets, Pilot certificates, etc., etc. The bulk of certificates were first obtained in France, but in 1910 they were made obtainable in any country from its own Ae. C., under identical rules. No aviator may compete in any International event without a certificate. Aviation has now more or less outgrown the F.A.I, on account of the virtual disappearance of private aviation events before military interests; but it did excellent service in its time and is still of considerable indirect value. FARMAN (Henri), 22 Avenue de la Grande Armee, Paris. Born in Paris, 1874, but is of English descent. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. First a racing cyclist, then racing motorist. Took up aviation. Bought _Voison No. II_ (known as "_Farman I._"). On January 13th, 1908, he won the Deutsch-Archdeacon prize for covering a triangular course of one kilometre. In 1909 designed and built his own machine. Won the Michelin cup in 1909, making the record of 4 h. 17 min. 35 2.5s. in the air. Ae. C. F. pilot 5. In 1910, did 8 h. 12 mins. in the air, covering 288-3/4 m. (463 km.) FARMAN (Maurice), 3 Rue Villaret de Joyeuse, Paris. Brother of above. Went in for aeronautics and motor racing. Bought _Voisin No. IV_ at an early stage of aviation. He fitted this with alterations of his own, and subsequently evolved the _M. Farman_ biplane. Ae. C. F. pilot 6. FAURE (Jacques), 32 Rue Washington, Paris. Born 1873. Has long been prominent in aeronautical circles. Has crossed the Channel five times in gas bag balloons. Owns the _Faure_ dirigible. Member of Committee Ae. C. F. FELIX (Capt.) In 1911 in charge of the Bleriot Military School at Etampes. FERBER (the _late_ Capitane), flew as "De Rue." Born 1862 at Lyon. Commenced experiments with gliders in 1899 on Lilieuthal lines. In 1903 he built a power-driven machine. He taught Gabriel Voisin how to fly gliders. In 1908 was very active and flew several machines. Killed in a _Voisin_, 22nd September, 1909. FERNANDEZ (the _late_). A Spanish tailor, resident in Paris, killed in 1909 in a machine of his own design. FISHER (E. U. B.) First flew on a _Hanriot_, early in 1911. August, 1911, engaged as pilot by Messrs. Vickers. FOKKER (Antony), Haarlem, Holland. Born in Java, 1890. Designed a monoplane in 1911 with special stabilising device. He flew this at Johannisthal. Subsequently started a company. FOURNY. French. On September 11th, 1912, broke all previous distance and duration records by flying, non-stop, 13 hours, 22 minutes in _M. Farman_. Renault motor. Distance 1,017 km. (631 miles) at Etampes, France. FRISBIE (J. J.) American aviator. Killed in a _Curtiss_ at Norton, Kan., having been driven to fly in unsuitable weather by the jeers of a hostile crowd. FUeRSTENBERG (Prince). Austrian. President of the Centre Aeronautical Committee, formed in June, 1912. GALANSCHIKOFF (Mdlle.) Russian. On November 22nd at Johannisthal, made world's altitude record for lady fliers with 2,400 meteres. GARROS. French aviator. Came in second in Paris to Rome and the Circuit of Europe races, 1911. Up to November, 1911, held world's height record (13,000 feet). Made in a _Bleriot_. GASNIER (Rene), 1 Rue Scribe, Paris. Winner of many prizes in balloon events. French champion for the 1907 Gordon-Bennett. On Committee of Ae. C. F. Hon. President Ae. C. d'l'Ouest. Inventor of an aeroplane, 1908. GAST (Madame C. Crespin du), 12 Rue Levoux, Paris. Well-known in aeronautical circles. GASTAMBIDE (Robert), 27 Boulevard de Courcelles, Paris. Born 1882. Civil engineer. Took great interest in aviation at the start. Designed the _Gastambide-Mengin_ from which _Antoinettes_ were evolved. This was the first monoplane to carry a passenger (September, 1908.) GELEYNS (C.) Editor of the _Avia_, Wynbrugstreet 13, Rotterdam. GERRARD (Lieut.), R.M.L.I. British. August 17th, 1911, made world's passenger record to date, 4 hours, 13 minutes, on _Short_ No. 34. GIFFARD (H.) Britisher, resident in France. In 1850 built the first practical dirigible. It had a steam motor. In 1852 it made a controlled speed of about 5 m.p.h. GILBERT. French. On March 28th, 1913, flew from Lyons to Villacoublay in 3 hours, 10 minutes, a world's record to date from town to town non-stop. GILL (Howard). U.S.A. aviator. In October, 1911, flew for 4 hours 16 minutes 35 seconds in a _Wright_. American record to that date. GILMOUR (Graham). British. Pilot Ae. C.F., April, 1910. In 1911, flying a _Bristol_: with which many of his flights have been directly or indirectly of a highly sensational nature. These have included a flight alleged to be over London (reported to R. Ae. C.--case dismissed), flying low over Henley Regatta (certificate suspended, with subsequent litigation). Won second prize in the Brooklands-Brighton Race, May, 1911. Killed February, 1912. GIBERT. French aviator who made records, 1911. GLAZEBROOK (Dr. R. T.), C.B., F.R.S. Director of the British National Physical Laboratory. GLIDDEN (Charles J.) The well-known American motorist. Founder of many of the U.S.A. Ae. clubs. GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris. Builder of the _America_ Wellman Arctic Airship; inventor of the Godard Kite-Balloon; designer and builder of the _La Belgique_, etc., etc. GORDON-BENNETT (James), 104 Avenue des Champs Elysees, Paris. American citizen. Owner of the _New York Herald_. Giver of the Gordon-Bennet aviation Prize. Previous to this he had instituted a similar event for motor cars, and few, if any, have done so much to advance the International sporting side of automobilism. GOUPY (Ambrose), 59 Avenue Marceau, Paris. An early pioneer in aviation experiments--had the first triplane built for him by _Voisins_. Now a well known constructor. GRACE (_late_ Cecil). Naturalised British subject, ex-Chilian. Lost at sea while competing for the Baron de Forest prize, December, 1910. GRADE (H.), Magdeburg, Germany. First man to fly in Germany. He did this on a Grade triplane early in 1909. Now a well known German constructor. GRAHAME-WHITE (Claude), 1 Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London. Pilot 30 Ae. C. F. on a _H. Farman_. Attempted to win the _Daily Mail_ L10,000 London-Manchester prize, 1910. Gordon Bennett, 1911. Now constructor. GREENE (Dr. W.), Treasurer, Aeronautic Society, U.S.A. Has done a great deal to advance aviation in the U.S.A. Designer of the _Greene_ biplane--a machine which in no way infringed the Wright patents. GRESWELL. British aviator. Flew in first aerial post, 1911. GREY (Chas. G.), 166 Piccadilly, London, W. Editor of the _Aeroplane_. Well-known writer on aerial matters, formerly as "Aero-Amateur," later under his own name. By 1912, had come to occupy a unique position of his own by an uncompromising statement of facts without regard to other circumstances. GROSS (Major). In command of the German war dirigibles. Designer of the _M_ type. (_Gross_). GRUBB (Capt. A. H. W.) D.S.O., R.E. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11. GUILLEMEAU (R.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor _Revue Francaise, de Const. Autble et Aeronautique._ HAENLEIN (Paul). German, 1835-1905. Early experimenter with dirigibles. Inventor of the "semi-rigid" system. HAMEL (Gustav). British. Well-known aviator. Winner of Brooklands-Brighton Race, May, 1911. Flew the first British aerial mail, 1911. In April, 1913, on behalf of the London _Standard_, made a non-stop flight with a passenger London to Cologne in a _Bleriot_. Many other famous flights. HAMMOND (J. J.) Australian. Pilot 258, Ae. C. F., on a _Sanchis Besa_, 4th October, 1910. In 1911, visited Australia with a _Bristol_, when he made many sensational flights. HARGRAVE (Lawrence), Sydney, N.S.W., Australia. A pioneer in aviation, 1890-95. Experimenter with and inventor of box kites. HARKNESS (Harry). American aviator. Has made various records. HARMON, (Clifford B.) One of the best-known U.S.A. amateur aviators. Made U.S.A. time record (2h. 3m.), 2nd July, 1910. HARRISON (Eric). Australian subject. Instructor of the Bristol school at Lark Hill, Salisbury Plain, 1912. HARRISON (Lieut. L. C. R.) British R. F. C. Killed 28th April, 1913, in the famous _Cody_ which won the British Military Aeroplane competition. HAULT (Adhemar de la), 214 Rue Royale, Brussels. Editor of _La Conquete de l'air_. Well-known aviation pioneer. Interested in Ornithopters. HAWKER (H. G.) Australian subject. On October 24th made British duration record to date--8 hours 23 mins. in _Sopwith_ biplane. Awarded the Michelin Cup, 1912. HEKKING (R.) Frenchman. In September, 1909, carried out experiments with a biplane glider of 7 m. span and 25 m squared. surface. He rose to a height of 25 m., and is stated to have remained stationary for 5 minutes. Not confirmed, however. HELEN. French aviator. Has appeared in various competitions since early in 1911. HENDERSON (Brig. Gen.) British Army. First general to obtain British R. Ae. C. aviator certificate. Flying under the name of "Davidson" he obtained his certificate on a _Bristol_, at Brooklands, after seven days' training. HENRY, Prince of Prussia. Well known for practical interest in motoring and aviation. Has driven his own car in races, and is a certificated aerial pilot for Germany. HENSON. Died 1842. Projected a steam-driven monoplane early in the XIX century. HERRING (A. M.), Freeport, Long Island, U.S.A. Started the study of aviation 1894. With Langley, 1895. With Chanute, 1896. Joined Ae. Exp. Assoc. and associated with Curtiss in the _Herring-Curtiss_. Subsequently (1910) with Burgess in the _Herring-Burgess_. HERVE (Henri), 1 Rue Hautefeuille, Paris. Well-known authority on matters aeronautical. Author, etc. HEWLETT (Mrs. Maurice) ("Madame Franck"). First lady aviator to obtain a British R. Ae. C. certificate. HILDEBRAND (Kapitan Alfred), 10 Martin-Lutherstrasse, Berlin W. 30. Retired from German Army. A very well-known aeronaut. Owner of a Baldwin dirigible. Author of many works on aeronautics and aviation--the best known German writer on these subjects. HINTERSTOISSER (Hauptmann Franz), Luisenstrasse 35, Vienna V. Commanding Austro-Hungarian Aeronautical service. 1911-12. HIRTH (Helmuth). German. Made German passenger altitude record to date, at Johannistal, September-October, 1911. Height 2475 metres. Many other records. The best known of all German aviators. HOFFMAN (Joseph). German. Built a steam-driven aeroplane in 1906. HOLDEN (Col. H. C. L.) R.A.F.R.S. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11. HOWARD-FLANDERS. See British Aeroplanes, Part A. HOWARD-WRIGHT. British. Early designer (_see_ Part B). In January, 1913, became manager of S. White & Co., of Cowes. HOUDINI (Harry). British. The famous "Handcuff King" flew a _Voisin_ so long ago as November 2nd, 1909. He took it to Australia and won the first aeroplane flight prize there. He is the first to have taken out a "third party" insurance, which he did with the Albingia-Versicherungs-Aktien-gesellschaft, Hamburg, Germany, on November 29th, 1909. The policy was for 150,000 marks. HUBERT. French aviator. Flew in the first British aerial post and was badly injured. HUCKS (B. B.) British aviator. Has made several fine exhibition flights on a _Blackburn_. First man to make the double journey across the Bristol Channel, also to carry out wireless telephone experiments with aeroplane. HUNTINGDON (Prof. A. K.), 14 Buckingham St., Charing Cross, London, W.C. Born 1856. Balloon expert, 1906-1908. Connected with the _Dunne_ machines. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11. HURLBERT (Dr. Dane), Vermont, Lucerne, Switzerland. U.S.A. citizen. Experimenter in original types of aeroplanes, 1909-11 ILLNER. First man to fly in Austria, which he did on an _Etrich_. ISSATIER. French private soldier who obtained three weeks' leave and secured his flying certificate at Betheny after fourteen days, in a _Deperdussin_. ISENDAHL (Walther). German. Holsteinstrasse 21, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Leading authority on aerial and boat motors. JANE (Fred T.), The Hill, Bedhampton, Hants, England. Naval author, founder and editor of _All the World's Air-craft_. JANNUS (Antony). American. Well-known aviator. JATHO (Karl), Stader Chausse 22, Hanover, Germany. Born 1873. Pioneer aviator from 1893. Has built various machines--none very satisfactory. JEANNIN (Emil), Berlin. Prominent German aviator. JEFFERIES (Dr. John). 1760-1820 _about_. American. Accompanied Blanchard in the first balloon voyage across the English Channel, 1784. JENKINS (F. Conway). In May, 1911, obtained his certificate (74) after only four flights on a _Roe_ biplane. JOHNSTONE (St. Croix). American aviator. 27th July, 1911, beat American duration records in a flight of 4 hours, 1 minute, 54 seconds. Distance 176 miles. Killed 1911. JONES (Ernest L.), 250 West 54 Street, New York. Editor of _Aeronautics_ (U.S.A.) JOSEF FERDINAND (Grand Duke of Austria). Enthusiastic aeronaut and moving spirit in aviatory matters in Austria. JOYNSON-HICKS. British M.P. who has specialised in endeavouring to advance aviation. JULLIOT (Henri), 3 Rue de Flandre, Paris. Born 1855. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Technical director of the _Lebaudy_ works. Originator of the _Lebaudy_ type of dirigibles. Designer of _Lebaudy_ aeroplane. Member of Committee Ae. C. F. KAPFERER (Henry), 26 Rue de Clichy, Paris. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Director of the _Astra_ Cie, and the Cie Gen. Transaerienne. Part designer of the Clement-Bayard dirigibles. Took an early interest in the aeroplane movement, and had a biplane built to his own design by Voisins in 1907. Also had an early monoplane about the same date or a little later. On Committee Ae. C. F. KASSNER (Carl), Wilhelmstr. 10, Berlin. Professor, German writer on technical aviation matters. KENNEDY (Rankin), British authority on aviation subjects. KENNEDY. St. Petersburg. British subject. Engineer who has studied aviation for many years. In 1911, was an honorary aerial adviser to the Russian Government on matters aerial. KINDELAN (Captain), Guadalajara, Spain. Born 1879. Interested in balloons since 1906. Designer of the Spanish military airship _Torres Quevedos_. KNIGHT. British. Instructor 1912, Vickers School. KOENIG. German aviator. Won the 1st prize given by the Berliner _Zeitung am Mittag_. 1,182-1/2 kilos. KRAUSS. Well-known German aviation engineer. Author of many articles. KRESS (Wilhelm), Waaggasse 13, Vienna. Born 1836. Flew a model ornithopter in 1888. Author. KRIEGER (Hans). German. Formerly chauffeur to the Kaiser. Built a monoplane of his own design, and on September 5th, 1911, obtained his certificate on it. LAFFONT (_late_ A.) Killed in an _Antoinette_, December 28th, 1910. LAHM (Frank), Washington D.C., U.S.A. Well-known aeronaut. LAMBERT (Albert B.) President of Ae. C. of St. Louis, U.S.A. Flies a _Wright_. LAMBERT (Count Charles), 74 Rue Charles-Lafitte, Neuilly-sur-seine, Paris. Russian subject. Born 1865. Interested in aviation 1893 onward. First pupil of Wilbur Wright. LAMMLIN. German. Killed at Strasburg, May 23rd, 1911. LANA (Francisco), (1631-1687), (Italian). Jesuit who projected flying machines. LANCHESTER. Author of well-known aerial classic. LANE (Howard), 50, Parliament Street, Westminster, London, S.W. British citizen. Mechanical and Chemical Engineer. Born 1852 at Warwick. Government Contractor; Birmingham City Councillor, 1895-1900. Honours, South Kensington, 1873. Inventions, the Seamless Steel Gas Cylinder, 1882; Multiple Stage Gas Compressor, 1884; Roller method of Skin Balloon Construction, 1887; Regenerative Hydrogen Producing Plant, 1903; Turbine Aero-Motor, 1909, etc., etc. LANGLEY (Samuel Pierpont). Born 1834. Died 1906. American pioneer from