The Origin and Growth of the Healing Art by Edward Berdoe
1774. The greatest teacher of surgery in Germany, A. G. Richter, gave
400 words | Chapter 81
clinical instruction at Göttingen, in 1781.[1013]
G. M. THILENIUS in 1784 performed the first division of the _tendo
achillis_ for the cure of club-foot.
JUSTUS ARNEMAN (1763-1807) was a surgical professor at Göttingen, who
wrote a system of surgery and advanced the study of diseases of the ear.
CAMPER (1722-1789), a Dutch surgeon of a mechanical turn of mind, made
improvements in trusses. LEGUIN, a Frenchman, was the first to employ
steel springs in trusses (1663). TIPHARIE in 1761 introduced the double
truss.[1014]
OBSTETRICIANS.
JOHANN PALFYN (1649-1730), a celebrated obstetric physician, in 1721
invented, or rather re-introduced, a species of forceps in difficult
labour.
HUGH CHAMBERLEN, M.D. (1664-1728), was the most famous man-midwife
of his day. His name is for ever associated with the invention of
the obstetric forceps—a noble instrument, which has saved more lives
than any mechanical invention ever associated with the healing art. A
monument was erected to his memory in Westminster Abbey, with a long
Latin epitaph by Bishop Atterbury.
WILLIAM SMELLIE (1680-1763), a distinguished English obstetric
physician, improved the midwifery forceps and suggested and performed
various operations in obstetric practice.
* * * * *
WILLIAM BROMFIELD (1712-1792) founded the Lock Hospital, London. He
invented a tenaculum (a fine sharp hook by which the mouths of bleeding
arteries are drawn out). He was a celebrated operator, and wrote a work
on surgery.
* * * * *
The Medical College of Philadelphia was the first institution
established in North America to give medical instruction. It was
organized in May, 1765, by Drs. Shippen and Morgan. The University
of Pennsylvania developed its medical department from this humble
beginning.
ANATOMISTS, PHYSIOLOGISTS, BOTANISTS, ETC.
ALEXANDER MONRO (1697-1767) was a very eminent surgeon and anatomist of
Edinburgh, whose Medical School owes more to him probably than to any
other individual. He wrote on the _Anatomy of the Bones_, and an _Essay
on Comparative Anatomy_.
FRANK NICHOLLS, M.D. (1699-1778), was a famous anatomist and
physiologist at Oxford. “He was the inventor of corroded anatomical
preparations, and one of the first to study and teach the minute
anatomy of tissues, in other words, general, as distinguished from
regional and descriptive anatomy.”[1015] He was one of the first to
describe correctly the mode of the production of aneurism, and he
distinctly recognised the existence and function of the vaso-motor
nerves.[1016]
BROWNE LANGRISH, M.D., was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in
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