Renaissance in Italy, Volume 1 (of 7) by John Addington Symonds

CHAPTER IV.

112 words  |  Chapter 5

THE REPUBLICS. The different Physiognomies of the Italian Republics--The Similarity of their Character as Municipalities--The Rights of Citizenship--Causes of Disturbance in the Commonwealths--Belief in the Plasticity of Constitutions--Example of Genoa--Savonarola's Constitution--Machiavelli's Discourse to Leo X.--Complexity of Interests and Factions--Example of Siena--Small Size of Italian Cities--Mutual Mistrust and Jealousy of the Commonwealths--The notable Exception of Venice--Constitution of Venice--Her wise System of Government--Contrast of Florentine Vicissitudes--The Magistracies of Florence--Balia and Parlamento--The Arts of the Medici--Comparison of Venice and Florence in respect to Intellectual Activity and Mobility--Parallels between Greece and Italy--Essential Differences--The Mercantile Character of Italian Burghs--The 'Trattato del Governo della Famiglia'--The Bourgeois Tone of Florence, and the Ideal of a Burgher--Mercenary Arms P. 193.

Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. CHAPTER I. 3. CHAPTER II. 4. CHAPTER III. 5. CHAPTER IV. 6. CHAPTER V. 7. CHAPTER VI. 8. CHAPTER VII. 9. CHAPTER VIII. 10. CHAPTER IX. 11. CHAPTER X. 12. CHAPTER I. 13. CHAPTER II. 14. 1494. Up to that date the more recent wars of Italy had been principally 15. CHAPTER III. 16. 1465. In the disorganization caused by Charles VIII., Vidovero of 17. 316. Yet Giovio calls him a just and firm ruler, stained only with 18. CHAPTER IV. 19. 1536. Cosimo succeeded in the same year, and won the title of Grand 20. book iii. sections 20-22, and Nardi, book i. cap. 4, which give 21. CHAPTER V. 22. 4. _Die Chronik des Dino Compagni, Kritik der Hegelschen Schrift_, 23. 1251. See the discussion of this question, as also of the authorship 24. 1455. Their histories are composed in Latin, and savor much of the 25. 83. Compare p. 134): 'Esemplo a' dì nostri ne è grandissimo questa 26. part 2, p. 318. 27. 318. His _Ricordi Politici_ amply justify the second, though 28. 202. Guicciardini is discussing the appointment of Cosimo de' 29. introduction to Macaulay's Essay on Machiavelli, I need hardly enter in 30. CHAPTER VI. 31. CHAPTER VII. 32. chapter 17. 33. 1487. This led to Giovanni de' Medici receiving a Cardinal's hat at the 34. 1540. Giulio was released in 1559 and died, aged eighty-three, in 1561. 35. 1521. During the heyday of his splendor he spent 8,000 ducats monthly 36. CHAPTER VIII. 37. CHAPTER IX. 38. book ii., and the _Memoirs_ of De Comines. 39. 1573. Of the rest we hear only of prolonged torture before stupid and 40. CHAPTER X. 41. 1483. He was then aged only thirteen, and was still governed by his 42. 229. Read also the short account of the massacre of the Barons 43. 1527. The events of the Siege must have surprised Marco 44. 431. It is here worth noticing that Siena, the city of civil 45. 1536. Even when he seemed to favor a republican policy, he continued in

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