CHAPTER I.

1. Chapter 1 2. CHAPTER I. 3. CHAPTER II. 4. CHAPTER III. 5. CHAPTER IV. 6. CHAPTER V. 7. CHAPTER VI. 8. CHAPTER VII. 9. CHAPTER VIII. 10. CHAPTER IX. 11. CHAPTER X. 12. CHAPTER XI. 13. CHAPTER XII. 14. CHAPTER XIII. 15. CHAPTER XIV. 16. CHAPTER XV. 17. CHAPTER XVI. 18. CHAPTER XVII. 19. CHAPTER XVIII. 20. CHAPTER XIX. 21. CHAPTER XX. 22. CHAPTER XXI. 23. CHAPTER XXII. 24. CHAPTER XXIII. 25. CHAPTER XXIV. 26. CHAPTER XXV. 27. CHAPTER XXVI. 28. CHAPTER XXVII. 29. CHAPTER XXVIII. 30. CHAPTER XXIX. 31. CHAPTER XXX. 32. CHAPTER XXXI. 33. CHAPTER XXXII. 34. CHAPTER XXXIII. 35. CHAPTER XXXIV. 36. CHAPTER XXXV. 37. CHAPTER I. 38. CHAPTER II. 39. CHAPTER III. 40. 1800. Galvani discovered that a frog’s legs would exhibit violent 41. CHAPTER IV. 42. CHAPTER V. 43. CHAPTER VI. 44. CHAPTER VII. 45. 1885. A struggle then began in the courts, which on October 4, 1892, 46. CHAPTER VIII. 47. CHAPTER IX. 48. CHAPTER X. 49. CHAPTER XI. 50. 1826. The Pacific Railway, the first of our half a dozen 51. CHAPTER XII. 52. 107. The same year Oliver Evans used a stern paddle wheel boat on the 53. 108. She then appeared as a side wheel steamer, whose wheels were 54. CHAPTER XIII. 55. CHAPTER XIV. 56. 140. The Caligraph uses a separate type lever and key for each letter, 57. introduction a few years ago, its growth in popularity has been very 58. CHAPTER XV. 59. introduction of the sewing machine into the shoe industry made a new era 60. CHAPTER XVI. 61. 151. McCormick’s last named patent also covered the arrangement of the 62. 1840. 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. 63. CHAPTER XVII. 64. 1830. He dissolved the gum in spirits of turpentine and invented 65. CHAPTER XVIII. 66. CHAPTER XIX. 67. introduction of the roller mill and middlings purifier. Formerly two 68. CHAPTER XX. 69. 175. The endoscope, for looking into the urethra, and the cystoscope, 70. CHAPTER XXI. 71. 181. In 1868-’69 machines of this type went extensively into use. 72. CHAPTER XXII. 73. 1887. An illustration of the gramophone recorder is given in Fig. 193. 74. CHAPTER XXIII. 75. CHAPTER XXIV. 76. 205. The “Premo” is arranged for either snap-shot or time exposure, is 77. introduction it was not possible to reproduce cheaply in printers’ ink 78. CHAPTER XXV. 79. CHAPTER XXVI. 80. CHAPTER XXVII. 81. 1841. An early example of it is also given in Cochrane’s British patent 82. introduction of rock drills operated by compressed air, which trebled 83. 1841. When an oil well ceases to flow, it is rejuvenated by being 84. CHAPTER XXVIII. 85. 1887. The value of the steam feed was to increase the speed and 86. CHAPTER XXIX. 87. introduction of the hot air blast in forges and furnaces where bellows 88. CHAPTER XXX. 89. introduction of the percussion cap, which exploded the charge by a blow, 90. CHAPTER XXXI. 91. 1775. Arkwright’s spinning machine is shown in Fig. 286, the drawing 92. 1880. The distinguishing feature of this is that the shuttle is not 93. CHAPTER XXXII. 94. 294. A tank _a_ is filled with water to be frozen or cooled. A 95. CHAPTER XXXIII. 96. 1. Magnetism of oxygen. 2. Steel burning in liquid oxygen. 3. Frozen 97. 10. Frozen mercury. 11. Liquid oxygen in water. 12. Frozen whisky. 13. 98. CHAPTER XXXIV. 99. CHAPTER XXXV.