19. Benevolence, moderate.

Measurements from his bust: Circumference of the head, around 23 inches philoprogenitiveness, secretiveness and eventuality From ear to ear, over firmness 14 6·8 ” ” ” veneration 14 6·8 ” From the meatus auditoris to firmness 6½ ” ” ” veneration 6⅓ ” ” ” benevolence 6⅛ ” ” ” comparison 6⅛ ” ” ” individuality 5½ ” ” ” 5⅛ ” philoprogenitiveness ” ” self-esteem 6⅝ ” From destructiveness to destructiveness 6⅝ ” From secretiveness to secretiveness 6⅝ ” From combativeness to combativeness 5⅝ ” From cautiousness to cautiousness 5⅞ ” From ideality to ideality 5 ” “These measurements are taken with callipers, from the bust of Black Hawk, which was taken in plaster of Paris from the living head and face, by the Messrs. Fowler, in 1837, at New York. As his head was mostly shaved, they are probably as perfect and accurate, by making allowance of about half an inch for integuments, as though measured directly on the skull itself.” Footnote 5: That book was dictated by Black Hawk in 1833, interpreted by Antoine Le Claire to J.B. Patterson, who wrote it down in English and assisted materially in securing its publication the following year. Mr. Patterson was a private in Captain Maughs’ company of Jo Daviess County volunteers. Footnote 6: Reynolds, “My Own Times,” p. 320; Perkins and Peck, Annals of the West; Hist. Des Moines Co., Iowa. Brown’s Hist. of Illinois, p. 377: “Black Hawk compared with Philip of Pokanoket, Pontiac, Little Turtle or Tecumseh, was but an ordinary man–inferior vastly to either. That he was brave is probable. Mere bravery is but a common virtue in the savage. That he was politic beyond others can scarcely be pretended. He evinced no particular talents in any of his plans, nor did he exhibit extraordinary skill in their accomplishment.” Footnote 7: Hist. of Des Moines County, p. 345. Footnote 8: Reynolds, “My Own Times;” Hist. of Des Moines County, p. 339. Footnote 9: Perkins and Peck, “Annals of the West,” p. 795, Ed. of 1850; Thwaite’s “Story of Black Hawk;” Hist. of Des Moines County, Iowa; Fulton’s “Red Men of Iowa,” and letters from Agents Forsythe and St. Vrain. Footnote 10: Drake. Footnote 11: Treaty concluded April 30, 1803. Footnote 12: The Illinois country, to which the two tribes finally emigrated, was transferred by the French to the English crown in 1765. Thus Black Hawk was born under British rule. Footnote 13: Brown’s Hist. of Illinois, p. 381, is emphatic on this point. Footnote 14: When the French discovered and took possession of Illinois, neither the Sacs nor Foxes had any claim or existence on the tract of country mentioned in this treaty. Am. State Papers, V, 689, 690, 663. Dawson’s Life of Harrison, 59. Perkins and Peck, Annals of the West, 546. Footnote 15: “Public Statutes at Large,” ed. 1848, p. 31. Footnote 16: Dawson’s “Life of Harrison.” (William Henry.) Footnote 17: The exact number employed on this construction was one first lieutenant. Alpha Kingsley; one second lieutenant, Nathaniel Pryor; one surgeon’s mate, three sergeants, three corporals, two musicians and sixty privates of Captain Pinckney’s company of the First Infantry.–Annals of Iowa, Vol. 3, No. 2. p. 103. Footnote 18: Reynolds, “My Own Times.” Footnote 19: Maj. John Beach, agent of Sacs and Foxes, substantiated the story. Fulton and in Hist. Lee Co., Iowa, p. 358. Footnote 20: In 1811, there being a strong probability of war, a deputation of Sacs and Foxes, said to have included Quash-qua-me, visited Washington to tender the services of their tribes to the President; but the members of it were thanked and requested to remain neutral and they returned. Again in 1812, after war had been declared, the same tribes sent deputations to the American agent at St. Louis, renewing their offer of services to fight the British, but again they were urged to remain neutral, which most of them did. Footnote 21: Black Hawk fought at the Battle of Frenchtown, January 22, 1813, and participated in the massacre of the 23d which followed. He was also at Ft. Meigs, April 28, 1813; Ft. Stephenson, July 31, and finally the Battle of the Thames. October 5, 1813. Footnote 22: Fulton, p. 76. The Annals of Iowa. Footnote 23: Their final contest was in April, 1832. ----- ------------------------------------------------------------------------