Chapter 1

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Modern English biography, volume 1 (of 4), A-H This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Modern English biography, volume 1 (of 4), A-H Author: Frederic Boase Release date: July 6, 2017 [eBook #55059] Most recently updated: October 23, 2024 Language: English Other information and formats: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55059 Credits: Produced by Richard Tonsing, Eric Hutton and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN ENGLISH BIOGRAPHY, VOLUME 1 (OF 4), A-H *** MODERN ENGLISH BIOGRAPHY CONTAINING MANY THOUSAND CONCISE MEMOIRS OF PERSONS WHO HAVE DIED SINCE THE YEAR 1850, WITH AN INDEX OF THE MOST INTERESTING MATTER. BY FREDERIC BOASE. FACTA NON VERBA. VOLUME I. A-H. TRURO: NETHERTON AND WORTH, FOR THE AUTHOR. 250 COPIES ONLY PRINTED. PRICE 42/- NET. 1892. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ _Preface._ Biography like other subjects seems to have its fashion; at one time it is much attended to, at another time neglected. The Historical Register from 1717 to 1739, The European Magazine from 1782 to 1826, and The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868 furnished most useful and excellent notices of deceased worthies; then there appeared for one year only, The Register and Magazine of Biography, the first volume by Mr. Thompson Cooper, F.S.A., the second by Mr. Edward Walford, M.A. After this period there was a lull and biography was for some time at a discount; gradually however _The Times_, which hitherto had paid little attention to the subject, commenced inserting numerous obituary notices, and this fashion gradually increased, until at the present day there are few numbers of that paper which do not contain interesting memoirs. Other periodicals followed suit, and now the majority of the daily and weekly journals not only give lives but many of them well engraved portraits. In the meantime there also came out various books on biography, such as Men of the Time, Men of Mark, Eminent Women Series, English Men of Action, English Men of Letters, English Worthies, Great Artists, Great Writers, Memorable Men of the Nineteenth Century, Men worth Remembering, The Biograph and others, while various improved biographical dictionaries, more especially the Dictionary of National Biography, still in progress, were produced. General Biography has now become so large a subject, that no one work can comprehend it, and it will, it is imagined, in future, be necessary to attack it in small sections, if anything like justice is to be done to the matter. Impressed with these ideas, the author of this work, who had during a period of twenty years made a collection of notes relating to English persons deceased since 1850, thought it not improbable that by printing his materials, he might be able to make a useful contribution to biographical literature. The first volume of “Modern English Biography” is the result; in it will be found memoirs referring to the period mentioned, of all privy councillors, knights, judges, recorders, queen’s counsel, serjeants, stipendiary magistrates, benchers of the inns of court, bishops, deans, archdeacons, chancellors, admirals, generals and members of parliament; other persons too, frequently omitted in biographical works, such as architects, engineers, inventors, ship builders, electricians, railway managers, publishers, actors, dramatists, musicians, music hall artistes, painters, sculptors, engravers, physicians, surgeons, sporting celebrities, eccentric characters and notorious criminals have also been inserted, in fact any one who has been well known and about whom a question might arise in general conversation. In addition, many foreigners who have spent portions of their lives in England and some few natives of the British colonies have been included. The plan in these memoirs, of which there are nearly 8,000 in this volume, has been first to give the main facts in each life, then, in the case of authors, short though exact titles of their chief works, concluding with references to books where longer accounts are to be found. The subject of portraits has been made a speciality, and thousands of notices of likenesses in books, periodicals and newspapers have been inserted. The Transactions of the most important scientific and literary societies as well as the best known magazines and newspapers have been examined and the biographical notices extracted. The memoirs, though short, will be found to contain many exact facts not given in larger works. Great trouble has been taken about births and deaths, the dates of births frequently cannot be obtained and the places and dates of deaths of even very well known individuals are sometimes not easily settled. Information has been sought from all printed sources, from private individuals, and from church registers; reference has been also continually made to the books of the registrar general at Somerset House. Froude in one of his Essays says “We want the biographies of common people;” this adage has been acted on in Modern English Biography, and many hundred notices of the less known authors, artists, newspaper proprietors and journalists, merchants, country gentlemen and others, which can be found in no other book, are here recorded. Some reference must be made to the Knights Bachelor, an increasing and important body of men of much repute, about whom the annual knightages do not furnish exact information. For the elucidation of their history, the columns of the London Gazette have been carefully searched and the dates and places of their knighthood extracted, information which it is believed, cannot be found concentrated in any other single volume. The memoirs are arranged lexicographically according to the surnames, the peers however have all been inserted under their titles, for the reason that their family names are not generally known to ordinary readers. To my father Mr. John Josias Arthur Boase and to my eldest brother the Rev. Charles William Boase, I am much indebted for their great kindness in conjointly defraying the cost of printing this work, which I claim, to be an important contribution to the English biography of the nineteenth century. My thanks are due to Mr. William Prideaux Courtney and to my brother Mr. George Clement Boase, joint authors of the Bibliotheca Cornubiensis, as well as to my before mentioned brother the Rev. C. W. Boase, for kindly reading proofs and supplying additional facts, while to Mr. Richard Bissell Prosser late of the Patent Office and to Mr. Ralph Thomas author of The Handbook of Fictitious Names, I am under an obligation for information about inventors and other persons. The Second Volume is in active preparation and will appear as soon as is possible, consistently with careful research. In a biographical work arranged alphabetically an Index is not a necessity, but it was thought that one might add value to the book. A general index was not practicable, as it would have been as extensive as the work itself, but an elaborate and carefully considered compilation of the more remarkable, curious and interesting matter in the volume, has been made for me by my brother Mr. G. C. Boase. Clergy lists, Law lists and Army and Navy lists being common, the names of persons belonging to those professions have not been included. The first important heading in the index is that of Actors followed by Actors’ Stage Names, a list probably unique, while Dancers, Singers and others have not been neglected. To Initialisms, Fancy Names, Changes of Names and Pseudonyms much attention has been given and the entries are very extensive. Fellows of the Royal Society, astronomers, explorers, physicians, surgeons, civil engineers, painters and sculptors are duly recorded, while sport is represented by masters of hounds, betting men, racing men, cricketers, pedestrians and pugilists. The names of the Knights Bachelor occupy considerable space, and the article London will be found very interesting. Some amount of additional information has been inserted in the Index, to which the reader is recommended to refer when using “Modern English Biography.” FREDERIC BOASE. 36, James Street, Buckingham Gate, London, S.W., 7 April, 1892. [Illustration] _Abbreviations._ A.A.G. assistant adjutant general. A.D.C. aide de camp. A.G. adjutant general. A.I.C.E. associate of Institution of Civil Engineers. A.R. Annual Register. A.R.A. associate of the Royal Academy. A.R.S.A. associate of the Royal Scottish Academy. _b._ born. B.A. bachelor of Arts. _bapt._ baptized. B. Chir. bachelor of surgery. B.C.L. bachelor of civil laws. B.D. bachelor of divinity. B. Th. bachelor of theology. B.I. British Institution. _bur._ buried. C. curate. Cam. and Camb. Cambridge. cap. chapter. C.B. companion of the Bath. C.C. Corpus Christi. C.E. civil engineer. ch. church. Ch. Ch. Christ Church. C.I.E. companion of the Indian Empire. C.M.G. companion of St. Michael and St. George. co. county. col. colonel. coll. college. comr. commissioner. cr. created. C.S. civil service. _d._ died. D.A.A.G. deputy assistant adjutant general. dau. daughter. D.C.L. doctor of civil laws. D.D. doctor of divinity. ed. editor, also educated. Edin. and Edinb. Edinburgh. E.I.C.S. East India company’s service. eld. eldest. ex. and extraord. extraordinary. F.C.S. fellow of Chemical Society. F.G.S. fellow of Geological Society. F.L.S. fellow of Linnean Society. F.R.A.S. fellow of Royal Astronomical Society. F.R.C.S. fellow of Royal College of Surgeons. F.R.C.P. fellow of Royal College of Physicians. F.R.G.S. fellow of Royal Geographical Society. F.R.I.B.A. fellow of Royal Institution of British Architects. F.R.S. fellow of Royal Society. F.R.S. Edin. fellow of Royal Society, Edinburgh. F.S.A. fellow of Society of Antiquaries. F.S.S. fellow of the Statistical Society. G.C.B. knight grand cross of the Bath. G.C.H. knight grand cross of Hanover. G.C.I.E. knight grand commander of the Indian empire. G.C.M.G. knight grand commander of St. Michael and St. George. G.C.S.I. knight grand commander of Star of India. G.I. Gray’s Inn. G.M. Gentleman’s Magazine. gr. grammar. H.E.I.C.S. Honourable East India Co.’s service. H.M.S. Her Majesty’s ship. hon. honourable. h.p. half pay. I.L.N. Illustrated London News. instit. institution. I.T. Inner Temple. J.P. justice of the peace. K.C. King’s counsel. K.C.B. knight commander of the Bath. K.C.H. knight commander of Hanover. K.C.I.E. knight commander of the Indian Empire. K.C.M.G. knight commander of St. Michael and st. George. K.C.S.I. knight commander of the Star of India. K.G. knight of the Garter. K.H. knight of Hanover. K.P. knight of St. Patrick. K.T. knight of the Thistle. K.T.S. knight of the Tower and Sword. L.C.P. licentiate of College of Physicians. L.G. lieut. general. L.I. Lincoln’s Inn. lieut. lieutenant. L.K.Q.C.P.I. licentiate of King’s and Queen’s College of Physicians, Ireland. LLB. bachelor of laws. LLD. doctor of laws. L.S.A. licentiate of Society of Apothecaries. _m._ married. M.A. master of arts. mag. magazine. matric. matriculated. M.B. bachelor of medicine. M.D. doctor of medicine. M.G. major general. Med. & Chir. Soc. Medical and Chirurgical Society. mem. member. M.I.C.E. member of Institution of Civil Engineers. M.I.M.E. member of Institution of Mechanical Engineers. min. minutes. min. plen. and minister plenipotentiary. min. plenipo. M.L. licentiate in medicine. M.P. member of parliament. M.R.I.A. member of Royal Irish Academy. M.R.I.B.A. member of Royal Institution of British Architects. M.R.C.S. member of Royal College of Surgeons. MS. and MSS. manuscript and manuscripts. M.T. Middle Temple. N. and Q. Notes and Queries. N.I. native infantry. N.S.W. New South Wales. N.Z. New Zealand. Ox. and Oxf. Oxford. p. and pp. page and pages. P.C. privy councillor. P.C. perpetual curate. P.R.A. president of the Royal Academy. preb. prebendary. pres. president. proc. proceedings. pt. portrait. pub. published. Q.C. Queen’s counsel. R. rector. R. royal. R.A. rear admiral. R.A. royal academician. R.A. royal academy. R.A. royal artillery. R.E. royal engineers. rep. representative. R.H.A. royal horse artillery. r.l. royal licence. R.M. royal marines. R.N. royal navy. R.S.A. Royal Scottish academician. S.C.L. student of civil laws. sch. school. sec. secretary. soc. society. S.P.C.K. society for propagation of Christian Knowledge. S.P.G. society for propagation of the Gospel. sq. square. st. street. T.R. theatre royal. Trans. Transactions. U.K. United Kingdom. U.S. United States. V. vicar. V.A. vice admiral. V.C. Victoria cross. V.P. vice president. Ven. venerable. Vict. Victoria. W.S. writer to the signet. A ABBEY, JOHN. _b._ Whilton, Northants 22 Dec. 1785; employed by James David and then by Hugh Russell organ-builders London; worked for Sebastian Erard in Paris 1826; an organ-builder in Paris; built choir organs for cathedrals of Rheims, Nantes, Versailles, and Evreux, large organs for cathedrals of Rochelle, Rennes, Viviers, Tulle, Bayeux and Amiens, many organs for South America, and an organ for the opera-house in Rue Lepelletier, Paris, destroyed by fire with the house, 28 Nov. 1873; introduced into French organs English mechanism, and the bellows invented by Alexander Cumming. _d._ Versailles 19 Feb. 1859. ABBISS, JAMES. _b._ Wallsworth near Hitchin in Herts 3 June 1812; tea-dealer in Gracechurch st. London 1835; chairman of City of London Union 1857 to death; alderman for ward of Bridge 1859–67; sheriff of London 1860–61. _d._ The Shrubbery, Chase Side, Enfield 7 July 1882. _bur._ Edmonton ch. yard 11 July. ABBISS, REV. JOHN (_son of John Abbiss of Wandsworth, Surrey_). _b._ 12 July 1789; matric. Trin. Coll. Ox. 10 Oct. 1810, B.A. 1814, M.A. 1817; R. of St. Bartholomew the Great, city of London 1819 to death. _d._ 41 Myddelton sq. Clerkenwell 8 July 1883. _bur._ Stoke d’Abernon near Leatherhead 13 July. ABBOTT, AUGUSTUS (_eld. son of Henry Alexius Abbott, of Calcutta, merchant_). _b._ London 7 Jan. 1804; ed. at Warfield in Berks, Winchester, and Addiscombe; 2 lieut. Bengal artillery 16 April 1819; commanded the artillery in defence of Jellalabad, Nov. 1841 to April 1842; Col. 14 Nov. 1858 to death; served in Afghan war 1838–42; principal commissary of ordnance 12 Dec. 1847 to 9 Feb. 1855; inspector-general of ordnance and magazines Bengal 9 Feb. 1855–18 Jan. 1858; commander at Meerut 27 Jan. 1858; M.G. 13 April 1860; Douranee order conferred on him Nov. 1840, but he never wore it; C.B. 11 Oct. 1842; one of the finest artillery officers of his time. _d._ 4 Paragon buildings, Cheltenham 25 Feb. 1867. _The Afghan War, 1838–1842, from the Journal of the late Augustus Abbott. By C. R. Low._ 1879. ABBOTT, REV. EDWARD SINGLETON. Preb. of St. Michael’s in Ch. Ch. cathedral, Dublin 13 Aug. 1844; preb. of St. John’s 11 Mch. 1845; preb. of St. Michan’s 12 Feb. 1854–55; R. of St. Mary’s, Dublin 1855 to death; sub.-dean of chapel royal Dublin 1858 to death; committed suicide by shooting himself at 7 North Frederick st. Dublin 12 June 1865 aged 63. ABBOTT, EDWIN. _b._ London 12 May 1808; principal of Philological school 248 Marylebone road, London 1827–72; and secretary 1872 to death; one of the first to advocate a more thorough English training in schools; author of _A second Latin book_ 1858; _Greek tragic iambics_ 1864; _Complete concordance to works of Alexander Pope_ 1875. _d._ 18 Palace sq. Upper Norwood 27 May 1882. _bur._ Kensal Green 31 May. ABBOTT, JOHN (_son of Robert Abbott of Halifax, carpet manufacturer, who founded the carpet trade in Halifax with Mr. Crossley, and d. 1825_). _b._ Halifax 20 July 1796; a woolstapler there; took a leading part in all matters of social improvement and left charitable bequests of £61,500. _d._ Halifax 13 May 1870. ABBOTT, REV. JOSEPH. _b._ Cumberland 1789; ed. at Bampton sch. and Marischal coll. Aberdeen; Missionary of the S.P.G. at St. Andrew’s, Grenville, Lower Canada 1818–47, when he retired; wrote _The Emigrant to North America from memoranda of a settler in Canada_, first published in the Quebec _Mercury_ 1842, republished in many leading Canadian papers and in several English papers, including _Emigration Gazette_, and in pamphlet form by the Emigration agent. 2nd ed. 1843, it was also pub. in a more extended form by John Murray in the Home and Colonial library, under the title of _Philip Musgrave or the adventures of a Missionary in Canada_; contributed many tales to Canadian periodicals. _d._ Montreal, Jany. 1863. _Morgan’s Bibliotheca Canadensis_ (1867) _pp._ 3–4. ABBOTT, THOMAS EASTOE. _b._ East Dereham, Norfolk 1779; author of _Peace; a lyric poem_ 1814; _The triumph of Christianity_ 1819; _The soldier’s friend_ 1828. _d._ Darlington 18 Feb. 1854. ABDY, MARIA. _b._ London; wrote in the _New Monthly_, _The Metropolitan_ and the Annuals; privately printed _Poems_ 8 series, _8 vols._ 1830–62; _An appeal on behalf of governesses_, her longest poem gained first prize offered for literary productions on that subject, (_m._ Rev. John Channing Abdy, R. of St. John’s Southwark who _d._ 27 Jany. 1845 aged 52.) _d._ 7 Upper Marine terrace, Margate 19 July 1867 aged 70. _bur._ St. Peter’s church yard Isle of Thanet. ABDY, SIR THOMAS NEVILLE, 1 Baronet (_only son of Anthony Thomas Abdy, captain R.N. who d. 9 June 1838, by Grace dau. of admiral Sir Thomas Rich_). _b._ 21 Dec. 1810; ed. at St. John’s coll. Cam., B.A. 1833; M.P. for Lyme Regis, (lib.) 30 July 1847–1 July 1852; cr. baronet 8 Jan. 1850; sheriff of Essex 1875. (_m._ 19 Oct. 1841 Harriet 2nd dau. of Rowland Alston, M.P. of Pishiobury, Herts, she _d._ 8 July 1877.) _d._ 6 Grosvenor place, London 20 July 1877. ABDY, SIR WILLIAM, 7 Baronet. _b._ 1779; succeeded 21 July 1803. _d._ 20b. Hill st. London 15 Apl. 1868. A’BECKETT, ARTHUR MARTIN (_youngest son of Wm. A’Beckett of Golden square, London, long known as the Reform solicitor, who d. 23 Feb. 1855 aged 77, by his 1 wife Sarah who d. 25 Aug. 1817_). _b._ Golden square, London 1812; ed. at London univ. 1834 and at Paris; M.R.C.S. 9 March 1838, F.R.C.S. 13 Dec. 1855, M.D.; Staff surgeon to British legion in Spain; on staff of Sir De Lacy Evans 1835–37; arrived in Sydney 1838; practised there 1838–58; member of legislative council of N.S.W. to 1858; knight of San Ferdinand; F.R.G.S. 1860. (_m._ 15 May 1838 Emma Louisa 1 dau. of Marsham Elwin of Thirning, Norfolk, she was _b._ 26 Aug. 1814). _d._ Sydney 23 May 1871. _Medical Times and Gazette, ii_, 263 (1871); _Heads of the people, ii_, 83 (1848) _pt._ A’BECKETT, GILBERT ABBOT (_2 son of Wm. A’Beckett of Golden sq._) _b._ The Grange, Haverstock hill, London 9 Jany. 1811. ed. at Westminster school; sole proprietor of following periodicals, _The terrific penny magazine_, _The Ghost_, _The Lover_, _The gallery of terrors_, _The Figaro_ monthly newspaper, and _The Figaro_ caricature gallery; proprietor with Thomas Littleton Holt of following periodicals, _The evangelical penny magazine_, _Dibdin’s penny trumpet_, _The thief_, _Poor Richard’s journal_, and _The people’s penny pictures_; student at Gray’s Inn 25 Apl. 1828; dramatic critic of the _Weekly Despatch_; edited _Figaro in London_ comic weekly paper, 160 numbers 1 Dec. 1831 to 27 Dec. 1834; joint manager with Edward Mayhew of the Fitzroy theatre, Fitzroy st. Tottenham court road, London 1834 where he produced his first burlesque Glaucus and Scylla; edited _The Wag_ 1837, and _The Squib_ 1842, comic weekly papers; one of the original staff of _Punch or the London Charivari_, which appeared 17 July 1841, wrote in it from number 4 to his death; wrote leading articles in _The Times_ one year, and in _Morning Herald_; wrote humorous articles in _Pictorial Times_; barrister G.I. 27 Jany 1841; poor Law comr. to inquire into iniquities practised in Andover union, March 1846; magistrate at Greenwich and Woolwich police court, Feb. 1849, and at Southwark, Dec. 1849 to death; went to Boulogne 17 July 1856; author of _Scenes from the rejected comedies_, a series of parodies upon living dramatists 1844; _The quizziology of the British drama_ 1846; _The comic Blackstone_ 1846; _The comic history of England_, _2 vols._ 1847–8; _The comic history of Rome_ 1852; wrote more than 50 plays; dramatised with Mark Lemon, Dickens’s novel “_The Chimes_,” produced at Adelphi theatre 19 Dec. 1844. (_m._ about 1836 Mary Anne eld. dau. of Joseph Glossop, she was granted a civil list pension of £100, 23 Oct. 1856. She _m._ (2) George Jones, barrister, and _d._ 11 Dec. 1863 aged 46). _d._ of typhus fever at Rue Neuve Chaussée, Boulogne 30 Aug. 1856, body removed to Highgate cemetery. _The Critic, xv._ 436 (1856); _Mr. Punch, his origin and career_ 1870; _Alfred Bunn’s A word with Punch_ 1847, _pp._ 5–7 _pt._; _I.L.N. xxx_, 570 (1857), _view of his tomb in Highgate cemetery_. NOTE.—There is a portrait of him by Leech in his two page cartoon, called “Mr. Punch’s fancy ball” in _Punch_ 9 Jany. 1847, where he is represented as playing the violin in the orchestra between the double bass and the clarionet. His first contribution to _Punch_, entitled “The above bridge navy,” appeared in No. 4, 7 Aug. 1841 with John Leech’s earliest cartoon, “Foreign Affairs.” A’BECKETT, SIR WILLIAM (_eld. son of Wm. A’Beckett of Golden square_). _b._ London 28 July 1806; ed. at Westminster; barrister L.I. 30 June 1829; went to Sydney 1837; solicitor general of New South Wales 1841; a judge of court of N.S.W. 24 Nov. 1845; resident judge at Port Philip 3 Feb. 1846; chief justice and judge of admiralty court of Victoria 25 Aug. 1851; knighted by patent 19 Nov. 1852; returned to England 1858; author of great part of _The Georgian Era_ 4 vols. 1832–34; of _Universal biography_ _3 vols._ 1840; and of _The Earl’s choice and other poems_ 1863. (_m._ (1) 1832 Emily dau. of E. Hayley, she _d._ 1 June 1841. _m._ (2) 1849 Matilda dau. of E. Hayley, she _d._ 8 Aug. 1879 aged 64). _d._ Abbotsville, Upper Norwood, Surrey 27 June 1869. NOTE.—He edited at Sydney from 1837–38 a periodical called the Literary News, of which no copies are supposed to be now in existence. ABELL, LUCIA ELIZABETH (_2 dau. of Wm. Balcombe, navy agent, purveyor to Napoleon Bonaparte at St. Helena, and afterwards the colonial treasurer of N.S.W. who d. 19 March 1829_). Author of _Recollections of the Emperor Napoleon during the first three years of his captivity on the island of St. Helena_ 1848, including the time of his residence at her father’s house, “the Briars.” (_m._ Edward Abell). _d._ 18 Chester terrace, Eaton sq. London 29 June 1871. _Recollections of the Emperor Napoleon 3rd ed._ 1873, _pt._ Of Mrs. Abell. ABERCROMBY, GEORGE RALPH ABERCROMBY, 3 Baron. _b._ Edinburgh 30 May 1800; M.P. for Clackmannan, (whig) 13 July 1824–2 June 1826, 10 Aug. 1830–23 April 1831, and 6 July 1841–18 Feb. 1842; M.P. for Stirlingshire 30 April 1838–23 June 1841; major 3 dragoon guards 22 June 1826–21 Nov. 1828; succeeded 14 Feb. 1843; lord lieutenant of Clackmannan 1843 to death; was blind. _d._ Airthney castle, Stirling 25 June 1852. ABERCROMBY, THE HONBLE. ALEXANDER, _b._ 4 March 1784; ensign 52 foot 16 Aug. 1799; lieut. col. 28 foot 8 Dec. 1808–25 July 1814; commanded a brigade at battle of Albuera 16 May 1811; captain Coldstream guards 25 July 1814–25 Oct. 1821, when placed on half pay on reduction of regiment; C.B. 4 June 1815; K.M.T.; K.T.S.; K.S.G.; M.P. for co. Clackmannan 11 April 1817–10 June 1818. _d._ at his country seat in Scotland 27 Aug. 1853. _Napier’s Peninsular War, book xii, chapters 6 and 7._ ABERCROMBY, SIR GEORGE SAMUEL, 6 baronet. _b._ Edinburgh 22 May 1824; succeeded 6 July 1855. _d._ Forglen house, Turriff Banffshire 15 Nov. 1872. ABERCROMBY, SIR ROBERT, 5 baronet. _b._ Forglen house, Banffshire 4 Feb. 1784; M.P. for Banffshire 2 Nov. 1812–10 June 1818; succeeded 18 July 1831. _d._ Forglen house 6 July 1855. ABERDEEN, GEORGE HAMILTON GORDON, 4 Earl of (_1 son of George Gordon, styled Lord Haddo 1764–91, by Charlotte, youngest dau. of Wm. Baird of Newbyth, co. Haddington, she d. 8 Oct. 1795_). _b._ Edinburgh 28 Jany. 1784; ed. at Harrow, and St. John’s coll. Cam., M.A. 1804; succeeded his grandfather 13 Aug. 1801; visited Greece, Turkey and Russia; founded Athenian society 1804, of which no one might be a member who had not visited Athens; rep. peer Scotland 15 Dec. 1806–1 June 1814; K.T. 16 March 1808; ambassador to Vienna 29 July 1813–April 1814, when he prevailed with the Emperor to join the allied sovereigns against Napoleon by treaty of Toplitz 9 Sep. 1813; present at battles of Dresden and Leipsic; signed treaty of peace at Paris 1 June 1814; created a peer of the U.K. as Viscount Gordon of Aberdeen, co. Aberdeen 1 June 1814; P.C. 23 July 1814; took name of Hamilton before that of Gordon by royal license 13 Nov. 1818; chancellor of univ. of Aberdeen 1827; chancellor of duchy of Lancaster 26 Jan. 1828–2 June 1828; sec. of state for foreign affairs 2 June 1828–2 Nov. 1830 and 2 Sep. 1841–5 July 1846; sec. of state for the colonies 5 June 1834–18 April 1835; ranger of Greenwich park 1 Feb. 1845; lord lieut. of Aberdeenshire 23 April 1846; first lord of the treasury 28 Dec. 1852–1 Feb. 1855; an elder brother of Trinity house Nov. 1853–54; a comr. for executing office of treasurer of exchequer of Great Britain, and lord high treasurer of Ireland 6 Mch. 1854; president of Society of Antiquaries 1812–46; F.R.S. 28 April 1808, F.R.G.S. 1830, K.G. 7 Feb. 1855; visited by the Queen at Haddo house, 15 Oct. 1857; author of _Inquiry into principles of beauty in Grecian architecture_, 1822. (_m._ (1) 28 July 1805 Catherine Elizabeth, 3 dau. of John James Hamilton, 1 Marquess of Abercorn, she was _b._ 10 Jan. 1784, and _d._ 29 Feb. 1812. _m._ (2) 8 July 1815 Harriet, 2 dau. of honble. John Douglas and widow of James Hamilton, eld. son of 1 Marquess of Abercorn, she was _b._ 8 June 1792, and _d._ 26 Aug. 1833). _d._ 7 Argyll st. Regent st. London 14 Dec. 1860. _bur._ in family vault at Stanmore 21 Dec. _Correspondence of Earl of Aberdeen 1850–53_, _privately printed_ 1880; _Edinburgh Review_, _clviii_, 547–77 (1883); _Thirty years of foreign policy_ 1854; _Proc. of Royal Society of Edin. iv_, 477–83 (1862); _The British cabinet in 1853_, _pp._ 7–43, _pt._; _Jerdan’s National portrait gallery_, _vol._ 3, _pt._; _I.L.N. i_, 461 (1842), _xx_, 1, (1853) _xxxvii_, 635 (1860) _pts._; _A.R._ (1860) 376–83. NOTE.—Lord Byron in his “English bards and Scotch reviewers,” refers to him as “The travelled Thane, Athenian Aberdeen.” He was allowed the very rare distinction of being permitted to retain the order of the Thistle, together with that of the Garter. Exclusive of royalty, 12 Knights of the Thistle (since the re-establishment of the order in 1687), have been elected to the Garter, of these 12 only 4 have retained both orders. ABERDEEN, GEORGE JOHN JAMES HAMILTON-GORDON, 5 Earl of. _b._ Bentley priory, Stanmore 28 Sep. 1816; ed. privately, and at Trin. coll. Cam., M.A. 1837; attaché at Constantinople 1837; M.P. Aberdeenshire (lib.) 22 Aug. 1854–14 Dec. 1860, when he succeeded; went to Egypt, Sep. 1854, and June 1860; went to Madrid, May 1863 to petition Queen of Spain for a remission of sentence on Manuel Matamoros, (who was sentenced to 9 years penal servitude for preaching Protestantism, he was eventually exiled from Spain, he was _b._ Malaga, Oct. 1834 and _d._ Lausanne, 31 July 1866.) _d._ Haddo house, Aberdeenshire 22 March 1864. _bur._ Methlie churchyard 29 March. _Memoir of Lord Haddo by Rev. E. B. Elliott, 6 ed._ 1873; _The true nobility by Alexander Duff_ 1868; _I.L.N. xxiv_, 265 (1854) _pt._ ABERDEEN, GEORGE HAMILTON-GORDON, 6 Earl of. _b._ 10 Dec. 1841; succeeded 22 March 1864; one of the Scotch 8 in rifle competition at Wimbledon for Elcho challenge shield 1864 and 1865; dropped his title and adopted name of George H. Osborne about 22 May 1866; sailor in American merchant service June 1866 to death; sailed from Boston for Melbourne in the ship “Hera” 21 Jany. 1870, washed overboard and drowned in latitude 40˝10´, longitude 58˝14´, 27 Jany. 1870. _Memoir of Lord Haddo, by Rev. E. B. Elliott, 6 ed. 1873_, 315–28; _Sir Bernard Burke’s Reminiscences_ (1882) 201–26. ABERGAVENNY, REV. WILLIAM NEVILL, 4 Earl of. _b._ 28 June 1792; succeeded 12 April 1845. _d._ Birling manor near Maidstone 17 Aug. 1868. NOTE.—His personalty was sworn under £300,000 Oct. 1868. ABINGDON, MONTAGU BERTIE, 5 Earl of. _b._ 30 April 1784; succeeded 26 Sept. 1799; cupbearer at coronation of George iv 19 July 1821; lord lieut. of Berkshire 1828 to death. _d._ Wytham abbey, Berkshire 16 Oct. 1854. _bur._ at Rycote 24 Oct. ABINGDON, MONTAGU BERTIE, 6 earl of. _b._ Dover st. Piccadilly 19 June 1808; ed. at Eton and Trin. coll. Cam., M.A. 1829, D.C.L. Ox. 1834; M.P. Oxfordshire (tory) 5 Aug. 1830–23 April 1831, and 17 Dec. 1832–1 July 1852, for Abingdon 3 Dec. 1852–16 Oct. 1854, when he succeeded; lord lieut. of Berkshire 13 Feb. 1855–1881. _d._ 18 Grosvenor st. London 8 Feb. 1884. _bur._ Wytham abbey 13 Feb. ABINGER, ROBERT CAMPBELL SCARLETT, 2 Baron. _b._ London 5 Sep. 1794; barrister I.T. 27 Nov. 1818; M.P. Norwich (conserv.) 7 Jany. 1835–17 July 1837, for Horsham 28 June 1841–7 April 1844, when he succeeded; envoy ex. and min. plen. to Tuscany 13 Dec. 1859–22 March 1860, when mission was abolished on annexation of Tuscany to Sardinia. _d._ Abinger hall near Dorking 24 June 1861. ABINGTON, LEONARD JAMES. _b._ London 27 Nov. 1785; edited _The Pottery Mercury_ at Hanley Staffordshire 1824; pastor of New st. baptist chapel, Hanley 1836–63. _d._ Northwood, Hanley 7 Aug.