Steam-ships : The story of their development to the present day by R. A. Fletcher

28. She took no goods, as she was intended to be a passenger steamer

655 words  |  Chapter 116

only. On going down the river she overtook the _Great Western_ “with a respectable pleasure party on board,” and a trial of speed was the consequence. When the _Sirius_ had reached Gravesend she was upwards of a mile ahead of her rival. She had made the distance from Greenwich to Gravesend against a strong tide in one hour and fifty-six minutes. Both ships had their colours hoisted, and the banks of the river were thronged with spectators. Soon after the departure of the _Sirius_ the American Line packet-ship _Quebec_ came down the river in tow, and wagers were freely laid that the _Quebec_ would arrive before the _Sirius_ at New York. But those who backed the _Quebec_ lost their money. The _Ocean_, a vessel belonging to the Irish Company, acted as tender to the _Sirius_ when the latter called at Cork, and arrived there from Liverpool on April 3, with mails and passengers for the venturesome little craft. At a few minutes after ten o’clock on the morning of the 4th, the _Sirius_ proceeded on her voyage. The day was beautifully fine, every vessel in the harbour was decked with flags in honour of the event, a salute was fired from the battery on shore, and every boat which could be pressed into service was crowded with enthusiastic sightseers when, accompanied by the _Ocean_, the vessel left the harbour. The _Ocean_ went with her as far as the entrance to the bay. The _Watt_, which arrived at Liverpool on April 8, reported having sighted on April 5, in latitude 51° N. and longitude 12° W., the _Sirius_ bound for New York, bravely encountering a westerly gale. “When it is considered,” the Liverpool _Standard_ of the day naively remarked, “that this is the first steam vessel to cross the Atlantic, this information may not be altogether unimportant.” New York was reached at ten o’clock in the evening of April 22, not without some adventure. Lieutenant Roberts, her commander, was determined to carry the voyage through, but it was only “thanks to stern discipline and the persuasive arguments of loaded firearms” that he brought the crew round to his way of thinking, as they became somewhat demoralised by continuous head-winds and declared that it was utter madness to proceed in so small a vessel. There were 94 passengers on board, of whom 30 were in the state-cabin, 29 in the fore-cabin, and 35 were steerage passengers.[60] [60] It has been said the _Sirius_ carried no passengers. According to _Notes and Queries_, the New York _Herald_, of April 28, 1838, in reporting the arrival of the _Sirius_, says that forty-two passengers were on board, of whom eleven were females, for whose accommodation a stewardess was carried. A contributor to _Notes and Queries_ quotes the authority of the Registrar-General of Shipping and Seamen for the statement that the stewards’ department consisted of three stewards, one assistant, two cooks, and a boy, and he asks whether this staff would have been required in an ordinary boat of 412 tons if there were no passengers. [Illustration: THE “SIRIUS,” FROM A PRINT OF 1837.] The passage occupied sixteen and a half days, and the average speed was 8¹⁄₂ knots per hour; about twenty-four tons of coal per day being consumed. Her arrival at New York was hailed with delirious enthusiasm, and the excitement was yet further intensified when it became known on the morning of the 23rd, only a few hours after the _Sirius_ had anchored off the Battery, that another steam-ship was sighted making its way to the port, and that the approaching vessel was greater than any steam-ship ever seen in American waters. This was the _Great Western_, and New York celebrated the double arrival with that strenuous abandon attainable only in the Empire City. The _Great Western_ was built at Bristol by Patterson. She was brought round to London and left London again for the western port on March

Chapters

1. Chapter 1 2. introduction of the railway system inland. Between the two, however, 3. 1885. The last fifteen years of the century saw the tonnage of the 4. 1. The _William Fawcett_, the first P. & O. Steam-ship; 5. 2. The _Chancellor Livingston_ _Headpiece to Preface_ 6. 3. Primitive Paddle-boats 3 7. 4. “Barque à Roues”: Primitive Chinese Paddle-boat 5 8. 5. “Liburna” or Galley, worked by Oxen 7 9. 6. Jonathan Hulls’ Paddle-steamer, 1737 _To face_ 14 10. 7. The Marquis de Jouffroy’s Steamboat, 1783 _To face_ 16 11. 8. John Fitch’s Oared Paddle-boat, 1786 22 12. 9. John Stevens’ _Phœnix_, 1807 _To face_ 28 13. 10. Robert Fulton’s _Clermont_, 1807 37 14. 11. The _Paragon_, built 1811 _To face_ 40 15. 12. The _Philadelphia_, built 1826 _To face_ 44 16. 14. The _William Cutting_, built 1827 _To face_ 48 17. 15. The _Mary Powell_ (Hudson River Day Line) 50 18. 16. The _Hendrick Hudson_ (Hudson River Day Line), 1906 _To face_ 50 19. 17. The _Robert Fulton_ (Hudson River Day Line), 1909 _To face_ 52 20. 19. The _City of Cleveland_ _To face_ 54 21. 20. Patrick Miller’s Triple Boat the _Edinburgh_ _To face_ 56 22. 21. Model of Miller’s Double Boat _To face_ 58 23. 22. The _Charlotte Dundas_: longitudinal section 60 24. 23. Symington’s Original Engine of 1788 _To face_ 60 25. 24. Model of the _Charlotte Dundas_ _To face_ 62 26. 25. The Original Engines of the _Comet_ _To face_ 64 27. 27. The _Industry_, 1814 _To face_ 68 28. 29. The Engine of the _Leven_ _To face_ 70 29. 30. The _Sea-Horse_, about 1826 _To face_ 72 30. 31. The _Monarch_ and _Trident_, convoying the _Royal 31. 32. The _Trident_, in which the Queen and Prince Consort 32. 33. The _Carron_ _To face_ 84 33. 34. The _Kingfisher_ _To face_ 84 34. 35. The _Fingal_ _To face_ 86 35. 36. The _Lady Wolseley_ _To face_ 86 36. 39. The _Mona’s Isle_ (II.), built 1860, as a paddle 37. 40. The _Ellan Vannin_ (the foregoing, altered to a 38. 41. The _Majestic_ _To face_ 96 39. 42. The _Lady Roberts_ _To face_ 98 40. 43. The _Augusta_, 1856 100 41. 47. The R.M. Turbine Steamer _Copenhagen_ (G.E. 42. 48. The _Scotia_ (L. & N.W. Railway) _To face_ 120 43. 49. The _Savannah_ _To face_ 124 44. 50. The _Rising Star_ 130 45. 51. The _Dieppe_ (L.B. & S.C. Railway) _To face_ 134 46. 52. The _United Kingdom_ _To face_ 134 47. 54. The _Great Western_, from a print of 1837 _To face_ 142 48. 55. The _President_ 146 49. 56. The _British Queen_ _To face_ 146 50. 57. The _Britannia_, 1840 _To face_ 152 51. 58. The _Atlantic_ 156 52. 59. The _Adriatic_ (Collins Line, 1857) _To face_ 160 53. 61. The _Massachusetts_ 171 54. 63. H.M. Troopship _Himalaya_ in Plymouth Sound _To face_ 180 55. 64. H.M. Troopship _Himalaya_ _To face_ 182 56. 65. The _Norman_ (Union-Castle Line, 1894) _To face_ 184 57. 66. Maudslay’s Oscillating Engine _To face_ 200 58. 67. Model of the Engines of the _Leinster_ _To face_ 204 59. 68. The _Pacific_ 205 60. 69. Stevens’ 1804 Engine, showing Twin-screw Propellers _To face_ 208 61. 70. The _Q.E.D._ 211 62. 72. The _John Bowes_, 1906 _To face_ 214 63. 73. The _Novelty_, built 1839 _To face_ 218 64. 75. Engines of the _Great Britain_ _To face_ 224 65. 78. The _City of Rome_ (Inman Line, 1881) _To face_ 242 66. 79. The _City of Chicago_ 244 67. 82. The _Russia_ (Cunard, 1867) _To face_ 246 68. 83. Model of the _City of Paris_, 1866 _To face_ 248 69. 84. The _Oregon_ (Cunard and Guion Lines, 1883) _To face_ 250 70. 85. The _America_ (National Line, 1884) _To face_ 254 71. 86. The _Delta_ leaving Marseilles for the opening of 72. 87. The _Thunder_ 265 73. 89. Longitudinal section of the _Great Eastern_ _To face_ 272 74. 90. Caricature of the _Great Eastern_ _To face_ 274 75. 91. Model of the Paddle-engines of the _Great Eastern_ _To face_ 276 76. 92. The _Britannic_ (White Star Line, 1874) _To face_ 280 77. 93. The _Umbria_ and _Etruria_ (Cunard) _To face_ 280 78. 94. The _Mauretania_ (Cunard, 1907) _To face_ 282 79. 95. The _Campania_ (Cunard, 1892) _To face_ 282 80. 96. The _Teutonic_ and _Majestic_ (White Star Line, 81. 97. The _Olympic_ (White Star Line, 1910) _To face_ 288 82. 98. The _Olympic_ building, October 18, 1909 _To face_ 290 83. 99. The _St. Louis_ (American Line) _To face_ 294 84. 100. The _Morea_ (P. & O. Line) _To face_ 294 85. 101. The _Assiniboine_ (Canadian Pacific Railway Co.) _To face_ 300 86. 103. The _Kaiser Wilhelm II._ (Norddeutscher Lloyd) _To face_ 304 87. 104. The _Turbinia_ _To face_ 308 88. 105. The _Otaki_ (New Zealand Shipping Co.) _To face_ 310 89. 106. H.M.S. _Waterwitch_, armoured gunboat 321 90. 107. H.M.S. _Minotaur_ _To face_ 326 91. 116. H.M.S. _Invincible_, armoured cruiser _To face_ 336 92. 117. The _Minas Geraes_, Brazilian battleship _To face_ 336 93. 119. The _San Francisco_, U.S. Navy _To face_ 340 94. 120. The _Monitoria_ _To face_ 348 95. 121. The _Iroquois_ and _Navahoe_ _To face_ 348 96. 122. The _Monitoria_, transverse section 350 97. 123. The old Floating Dock at Rotherhithe, _circa_ 1800 _To face_ 354 98. 124. Model of the Bermuda Dock _To face_ 356 99. 128. The Cartagena Dock _To face_ 362 100. 129. The _Baikal_ _To face_ 362 101. 130. The _Drottning Victoria_ _To face_ 366 102. 131. The _Ermack_ _To face_ 370 103. 132. The _Earl Grey_ _To face_ 370 104. 134. The Imperial Yacht _Hohenzollern_ _To face_ 372 105. 135. The Evolution of Floating Docks, 1800-1910 389 106. CHAPTER I 107. CHAPTER II 108. 1787. The great success and useful character of Rumsay’s steamboat were 109. 1787. A still larger boat followed in 1788, and another in 1790. The 110. introduction of the latter has come also their greatest development 111. CHAPTER III 112. CHAPTER IV 113. 1894. Her last appearance was at the same review. She was lengthened 114. CHAPTER V 115. 1822. But Lord Cochrane’s work was practically over and she was 116. 28. She took no goods, as she was intended to be a passenger steamer 117. 31. Off Southend she was discovered to be on fire, and the heat and 118. 1841. No trace of her has been found from that day to this. 119. CHAPTER VI 120. 2402. Her engines developed 3250 horse-power and gave her an average 121. CHAPTER VII 122. 1842. He nevertheless served in the Mexican War and then commanded the 123. 1839. Its charter has been revised and extended from time to time, one 124. CHAPTER VIII 125. 5. Twin screws. 126. CHAPTER IX 127. 1062. The engines were of 210 nominal horse-power with cylinders of 55 128. CHAPTER X 129. 13. In equipment, too, she was regarded as the last possible word in 130. 1889. These two steamers marked one of those epochs of complete 131. CHAPTER XI 132. CHAPTER XII 133. introduction of screw propellers, 97; introduction of iron, 191;

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